秘笈10+特殊句式-备战2019年高考英语抢分秘籍

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秘笈10+特殊句式-备战2019年高考英语抢分秘籍

‎ ‎ 考点1 倒装 ‎ 倒装是英语中常见的一种语言现象,它具有强调、修饰等作用。倒装可分为完全倒装和部分倒装。‎ 一、完全倒装 完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。常见的结构有:‎ ‎1. There be句型:其中be可换成live, lie, stand, remain, exist, come, go, seem (appear/ happen/ used) to be等表示"存在"意义的词。‎ ‎☛There entered a strange little man. 走进来一个奇怪而身材矮小的人。 ‎ ‎☛Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前,海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。‎ ‎2. 以here, there, off, out, in, up, down, away, now, then, on等表示方向、位置或时间、地点的副词开头的句子,谓语是come, go, be等动词时,并且其主语为名词时,通常使用完全倒装。‎ ‎☛Now, here goes the story. 现在,这个故事是这样的。‎ ‎☛Then came another question. 然后又一个问题被提出来了。‎ ‎☛Away flew the bird. 那只鸟飞走了。‎ ‎☛Suddenly, in came a man with a mask on his face. 突然进来一个蒙着面的男人。‎ 在以there, here, up, down, out, in等副词开头的句子中,当主语是代词时,句子不倒装。‎ ‎☛There they are.他们在那边。‎ ‎3. 表示地点的介词短语,常将其放在句首,构成完全倒装,用于表示强调。此时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词,且主语为名词。‎ ‎☛In the cottage lives a family of six. 在这间小屋里住着一家六口。 ‎ ‎☛Near the bridge was an old cottage. 在桥的附近有一间古老的小屋。‎ ‎☛Next to this one is another grand hotel which is beautifully decorated. ‎ ‎ 这家饭店隔壁还有一家装修得很漂亮的大饭店。‎ ‎☛On either side of the great avenue stood many buildings. 这条大街的两侧都耸立着许多大楼。‎ ‎4. 表语(充当表语的可以是形容词、分词、不定式、介词短语、副词等)置于句首,一般是主语较长或结构为较复杂的句子。‎ ‎☛Gone are the days when he was looked down upon. ‎ ‎ 他被人瞧不起的日子已经一去不复返了。‎ ‎☛In the armchair lay a cat, half asleep. 一只猫躺在扶手椅上,半睡半醒。‎ ‎☛Standing around the teacher were her students. ‎ ‎ 老师周围站着的都是她的 ‎ 二、部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分,如助动词或情态动词,置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语部分不含有助动词或情态动词时,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。‎ ‎1. 为了避免句子内容出现不必要的重复,常用"so+be动词/助动词/情态动词)+主语"或"neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词)+主语"的倒装句式。其中第一个句式表示"与前面所述的肯定情况相同",第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。‎ ‎☛His brother is a college student, so is mine. 他弟弟是大学生,我弟弟也是。‎ ‎☛He used to have his further study abroad, so did I. 他曾去国外深造过,我也去过。‎ ‎☛One of my friends cannot speak foreign languages, neither can his wife. ‎ ‎ 我的一个朋友不会说外语,他的妻子也不会。‎ ‎☛They are not now preparing for their final examinations, nor are we. ‎ ‎ 他们没在为期末考试做准备,我们也没有。‎ 表示赞同某人的看法时,用"So+S+do/does/did."。‎ ‎☛—I told you that I would come.我告诉过你我会来的。‎ ‎—So you did.你确实说过。‎ ‎2. 含有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时(否定词修饰主语除外),句子通常采用部分倒装。这类词或短语常见的有:not, never, seldom, hardly, little, nowhere, rarely, scarcely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time, not until..., no sooner...(than), hardly...(when), not only...(but also)。‎ ‎☛Never have my sisters been to Hong Kong before. 我的妹妹们以前从未去过香港。‎ ‎☛So far as I know, seldom does Mary come back to see her mother. 就我所知,玛丽很少回来看她妈妈。‎ ‎☛Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 你在哪儿都不会找到这个问题的答案的。‎ ‎☛By no means are these goods satisfactory. 这些货物一点儿也不令人满意。‎ ‎☛Not until twelve o’clock did he go to bed last night. 他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。‎ ‎☛Not only was the city polluted, but (also) the streets were crowded. 不仅城市被污染,而且街道也很拥挤。‎ not until后接从句时,主句部分倒装,从句不倒装;no sooner...than, hardly...when, not only...but also中,no sooner, hardly, not only所在的分句/句子部分倒装,后一分句(主句)不倒装,这种结构常用过去完成时。但在neither...nor结构中,前后两个分句均要倒装。‎ ‎☛Not only did he complain about the food, but also he refused to pay for it. 他不仅抱怨饭菜的质量,而且拒不付款。‎ ‎☛Hardly had he finished his speech when the audience started cheering. 他刚演讲完,观众便欢呼起来。‎ ‎3. as, though引导的让步状语从句,其中表语、状语等放在as或though之前。 ‎ ‎☛Successful as he is, he is not proud. 尽管他取得了成功,但他并不骄傲。‎ ‎☛Try as I might, I could not lift the stone. 尽管我用尽力气,我还是举不起这块石头。‎ ‎☛Too much as/though I like it, I can’t afford it. 虽然我非常喜欢它,但是我却买不起。‎ as/though引导的让步状语从句具有以下特点:(1)表语提前,形容词最高级前的the、单数可数名词前的a/an要省略。(2)主谓结构的句子,谓语动词(原形)提前时,主语后要补出相应的助动词。‎ ‎☛Shortest as he is, he is the cleverest of the three. 虽然他是三个人中最矮的,却是最聪明的。‎ ‎☛Child as he is, he knows some of the family secrets. 尽管他还是个孩子,他却知道家里的一些秘密。 (注意child前无冠词)‎ ‎4. so/such...that...句型中,so/such部分放在句首,该部分须采用部分倒装。‎ ‎☛So serious was the situation that everybody faced a test. 形势如此地严峻,每个人都面临着一场考验。‎ ‎☛In such a hurry did she leave that she forgot to lock the door. 她匆匆离去,以至于忘记了锁门。‎ ‎5. 句子以were, had, should开头,省略if的虚拟条件句。‎ ‎☛Had they not helped us, we could not have done it so successfully.如果没有他们帮助我们,我们不可能把那件事办得如此成功。‎ ‎☛Should he come, say "Nobody in" to him. 万一他来了,对他说:"公司没人。"‎ ‎☛Were I you, I would go with them. 我要是你的话,我就跟他们一起去。‎ ‎6. only与副词、介词短语及状语从句连用放在句首时。‎ ‎☛Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次之后,他才来参加会议。‎ ‎☛Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 只有当病得很重时,他才卧床休息。‎ only修饰主语时,句子不倒装。‎ ‎☛Only Mary knows the answer.只有玛丽知道答案。‎ ‎7. 频度副词及短语,如:often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day等位于句首时。‎ ‎☛Many a time has he given me good advice. 他多次给我好的建议。‎ ‎☛Often have I seen these Young Pioneers do good deeds. 我经常看到这些少先队员做好事。‎ ‎8. 表祝愿的句子常用倒装。‎ ‎☛May our friendship last forever! 愿我们的友谊长存!‎ ‎☛May your company become prosperous! 祝贵公司生意兴隆!‎ ‎9. 某些感叹句也用倒装语序。‎ ‎☛Isn’t it a beautiful garden! 多么美丽的花园啊!‎ ‎☛Have you ever seen such a naughty kid like him! 你见过哪个孩子像他这么调皮!‎ ‎【巧学妙记】★部分倒装口诀:‎ 副词开头要倒装,人称代词非如常;‎ only修饰副介状,位于句首半倒装;‎ 否定意义副连词,位于句首须倒装;‎ 表语前置主语长,衔接自然常倒装;‎ such代词作表语,引起主谓要倒装;‎ not only开头句,前一分句须倒装;‎ had, were, should虚拟句,省略if半倒装。‎ ‎1. (2017•江苏) _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.‎ ‎ A. It were B. Were it ‎ ‎ C. It was D. Was it ‎【答案】B ‎2. (2016•江苏)Not until recently________the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.‎ ‎ A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged ‎ C.did they encourage D.they encouraged ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查时态和倒装。根据时间状语"recently"可知本句应用一般过去时。Not until+状语位于句 首,句子采用部分倒装的语序,因此本题选择C。‎ 考点2 强调句 ‎ ‎1. 强调句型的基本结构 ‎ 强调句型的基本结构为:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。‎ ‎ 强调句型的一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分?‎ ‎ 强调句型的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其他成分?‎ ‎☞Is it in 2012 that the 30th Olympic Games will be held in London?‎ ‎ 是在2012年第30届奥运会将在伦敦举行吗?‎ ‎☞How was it that your brother succeeded in finishing the difficult task?‎ ‎ 你哥哥是怎样成功完成了那个困难的任务的?‎ ‎2. 强调句型强调的成分 强调句型强调的成分:主语、宾语、状语。被强调部分指人时,用who或that皆可;指物时,只能用that;被强调部分是时间、地点,原因或方式状语时,不用when,where,why或how而用that。‎ ‎☞ It was the beautiful lady that/who I met in the hotel yesterday.‎ ‎ 我昨天在旅馆里遇到的正是这位漂亮女士。(强调宾语)‎ ‎☞ It was in Beijing that we visited the Bird’s Nest and Water Cube.‎ ‎ 正是在北京我们参观了鸟巢和水立方。(强调地点状语)‎ ‎☞ It is my mother who/that reminds me to get up on time every day.‎ ‎ 每天都是我妈妈提醒我按时起床。(强调主语)‎ ‎3. 强调句型的时态 如果原句中谓语动词的时态是现在或将来时间范畴的时态(如:一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等),用It is+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。‎ 如果原句中谓语动词为过去时间范畴的时态(如:一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等),则用It was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。‎ ‎☞ It is you that/who are to blame. 是你该受谴责。‎ ‎☞ It was at the railway station that we first met 10 years ago. 我们10年前第一次相逢是在火车站。‎ ‎4. 在强调句型中,强调原句中的主语时,that/who后的谓语单复数的确定。‎ 在强调句型中,若强调原句中的主语,that/who后的谓语动词的单复数应与被强调的主语的单复数形式保持一致。‎ ‎☞ The little boy has broken a beautiful jar. →It is the little boy who/that has broken a beautiful jar.‎ ‎☞ They are going to attend your birthday party tomorrow. →It is they who/that are going to attend your birthday party tomorrow.‎ ‎5. 对not...until结构的强调 not...until结构的强调句型为"It is/was not until...that..."在这一固定句型中,由于not已经前移,that后只能用肯定形式。‎ ‎☞ He didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock.→It was not until ten o’clock that he went to bed. 直到10点他才睡觉。‎ ‎☞ I didn’t realize it until I got off the bus.→It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it.‎ ‎6. 如何识别强调句型 强调句型中的it is/was和that无实际意义,去掉后,句子结构仍然完整、正确,句意仍然明确;而其他句型去掉it is/was和that后,句意不完整。‎ ‎☞ It is for three hours that they have worked. 他们已经工作三个小时了。(强调句型)‎ ‎☞ It is a wonder that he is still alive. 他还活着真是个奇迹。(it作形式主语)‎ ‎7. 使用强调句型的几个注意事项 ‎(1)若被强调成分是主语,who/that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与被强调的主语保持一致。‎ ‎☞It is he who/that often helps me with my English.是他经常帮我学英语。‎ ‎☞It is trees that we plant on the hillside every year.我们每年都在山坡上种的是树。‎ ‎(2)若被强调成分是作主语的代词,用主格;若是作宾语的代词,则用宾格。‎ ‎☞It was he that helped me yesterday.昨天帮我的人是他。‎ ‎☞It was me that he helped yesterday.他昨天帮的人是我。‎ ‎(3)强调句中只用两种时态,即一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时,用It was...that/who...,其余的时态用It is...that/who...。‎ ‎☞It is you who/that are to blame.是你该受到指责。‎ ‎1.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.‎ A. which B. that C. when D. where ‎【答案】B ‎2.(2017﹒天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment ___________ I first came across my new neighbors.‎ A. who B. where C. which D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:当我回到我的公寓的时候,我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头,后面连 词首选that,构成强调句型,但需要验证,本句中去掉It was 和that,句意完整,所以确定是强调句型。 故选D。‎ 考点3 省略 为了避免重复或为了使句子更简练,在一些句子中常常省去某一个或某几个成分,这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。‎ 省略是避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。运用修辞手段的目的之一就是节约用词、避免重复。一般说来,只要不会损害结构或引起歧义,能省略的地方就应省略。省略的结果,不但使句子结构显得紧凑,而且句子中几个关键词的意义也更突显出来。‎ 一、介词的省略 ‎1.在英语中一些与动词、名词、形容词搭配的介词常被省略,而只保留后面的动名词。‎ ‎ spend time/money(in)doing sth. have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.; prevent/stop sb.(from)doing sth.‎ ‎ ☛We spends half an hour(in)doing some reading every day.‎ ‎ 我们每天花半小时读书。 ‎ ‎(1)祈使句+and+陈述句=名词短语+and+陈述句=if条件状语从句+主句 ‎ ☞Have a little patience and we’ll look into it soon.‎ ‎ =Just a little patience and we’ll look into it soon.‎ ‎ =If you have a little patience, we’ll look into it soon.‎ ‎ 耐心点,我们很快就会调查此事的。‎ ‎(2)祈使句+or+陈述句=if...not...+主句 ‎ ☞Work harder,or you’ll fail.‎ ‎ =If you don’t work harder,you’ll fail.‎ ‎ 工作努力点,要不然你就会失败。‎ 二、感叹句 ‎ 表示强烈情绪(喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐等)的句子叫感叹句,通常由what或how引导。‎ ‎1. 基本形式 ‎(1)What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!‎ ‎ ☞What a clever boy he is!多么聪明的男孩啊!‎ ‎ ☞What terrible noise they are making!他们弄出多难听的声音啊!‎ ‎ ☞What wonderful ideas you have!你们的想法真不错!‎ ‎(2)How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语 ‎ ☞How difficult a problem it is!它可真是个难题!‎ ‎(3)How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!‎ ‎ ☞How clever the boy is!多么聪明的男孩啊!‎ ‎2.其他形式的感叹句 ‎(1)how直接修饰谓语动词:How+主语+谓语!‎ ‎ ☞How (much) we love our motherland!我们多么热爱自己的祖国啊!‎ ‎(2)常见的其他形式 ‎ ☞How can you be so silly!你怎么这么傻!‎ ‎ ☞The designs and the colours!多美的图案和色彩!‎ ‎ ☞To sell such a suit as that to a millionaire!竟然把那样一套衣服卖给了一个百万富翁!‎ ‎ ☞Could one have believed it!谁能相信这个!‎ ‎ ☞If only I’d known!我早知道就好了!‎ 三、反意疑问句 ‎ 反意疑问句又可叫做附加疑问句,由"陈述句+反意问句"构成。反意问句的动词总是助动词、情态动词或be动词的某种形式,反意问句的主语用代词充当。基本原则是"前否后肯,前肯后否"。‎ ‎1. 陈述部分含有must的反意疑问句 ‎(1)陈述句部分谓语动词含有must时,must如表示"必须",反意问句用mustn’t,如表示"必要",则用needn’t;‎ ‎ 如mustn’t表示"不允许,禁止",其反意问句部分用must或may。‎ ‎ ☞You must get to school at 8 a.m.,mustn’t you?你必须早上八点到学校,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞We must start working right now,needn’t we?我们立即开始工作了,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞You mustn’t smoke here,must/may you?你不能在这里吸烟,是吧?‎ ‎(2)当must表示推测,作"一定,准是"讲时,反意问句部分根据must后的谓语动词形式及含义采用相应的动词形式。‎ ‎ ☞You must be tired,aren’t you?你一定很累,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞He must have done it last night,didn’t he?他一定是昨天晚上做的,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞Tom must have been to Shanghai before,hasn’t he?汤姆以前去过上海,是吗?‎ ‎2. 陈述部分含有used to和ought to的反意疑问句 ‎(1) 陈述部分谓语动词是used to时, 用didn’t或usedn’t两种方式反问。‎ ‎ ☞He used to go swimming in summer, didn’t/usedn’t he?他过去常常在夏天游泳,是吗?‎ ‎(2) 陈述部分谓语动词是ought to时, 用oughtn’t或shouldn’t反问。‎ ‎ ☞He ought to be praised for what he has done, oughtn’t/shouldn’t he?‎ ‎ 他应该为他所做的一切而受到表扬,是吗?‎ ‎3. 当陈述部分有neither,none,nobody,nothing,few,little,never,hardly,seldom等否定意义或半否定 ‎ 意义的副词时,反意问句应用肯定形式。‎ ‎ ☞Nobody understood his speech,did they?没有人听懂他的演讲,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞His sister seldom argues with people,does she?他姐姐很少和人争论,是吗?‎ 注意 ‎ ‎ 陈述部分出现含有否定意义的前缀或后缀的词时,反意问句仍用否定结构。‎ ‎ ☞He is unfit for his job,isn’t he?他不适合这份工作,对吗?‎ ‎ ☞You dislike playing computer games,don’t you?你不喜欢玩电脑游戏,是吗?‎ ‎4. 含有宾语从句的反意疑问句 ‎ 当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,疑问部分的主语与助动词应和主句保持一致。‎ ‎ ☞He never said she would come,did he?他从未说过她要来,是吗?‎ 注意 ‎ ‎①当陈述部分谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine且主语为第一人称时,疑问部分的主语 ‎ 和谓语动词均应和宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致,且应注意否定转移;但如果主语不是第一人称,反 ‎ 意问句则与主句保持一致。‎ ‎ ☞I don’t believe he will succeed, will he?我认为他不会成功,他会吗?‎ ‎ ☞We think they have finished their homework, haven’t they?我们认为他们已完成了家庭作业,不是吗?‎ ‎ ☞Mary thinks you will come to the party, doesn’t she?玛丽认为你将来参加聚会,是吗?‎ ‎②并列句的反意疑问句则根据最接近的分句来完成。‎ ‎ ☞We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, will you?‎ ‎ 我们忘了带票,请让我们进去,可以吗?‎ ‎5. 陈述部分谓语动词是dare,need时,如果作情态动词,用dare,need本身反问;如果作实义动词,则用 ‎ do的适当形式反问。‎ ‎ ☞You daren’t climb the rock, dare you?你不敢爬上这块石头,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞The little girl doesn’t dare to go alone at night, does she?小女孩不敢走夜路,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞We need to help them, don’t we?我们需要帮助他们,是吗?‎ ‎6. 陈述部分谓语动词have作"有"解时,可用don’t或haven’t反问;作其他意义解释时用do的某种形式 ‎ 反问。‎ ‎ ☞He hasn’t any sisters, does/has he?他没有姐妹,是吗?‎ ‎ They have to receive strict training beforehand, don’t they?他们不得不事先接受严格的训练,是吗?‎ ‎7. 感叹句的反意疑问句 ‎ 陈述部分是感叹句时,一律用be或助动词的否定形式反问。‎ ‎ ☞What a naughty boy he is, isn’t he?多调皮的男孩啊,不是吗?‎ ‎ ☞How hard she works,doesn’t she?她工作多么勤奋,不是吗?‎ ‎8. 祈使句的反意疑问句 ‎ 祈使句的反意疑问句的构成,必须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其反意部分,有四种形式。‎ ‎(1)祈使句的肯定形式,其反意问句表示"请求"时,通常用will you;表示"邀请,劝说"时,用won’t you。‎ ‎ ☞Be sure to write to us,will you?一定要给我们写信,好吗?(表示"请求")‎ ‎ ☞Come to have dinner with us this evening,won’t you?今晚跟我们一起吃饭,好吗?(表示"邀请")‎ ‎ ☞Try to be back by two,won’t you?设法两点之前回来,好吗?(表示"劝说")‎ ‎9. 反意疑问句的回答 ‎ 反意疑问句的回答,不是根据汉语习惯来确定用yes还是no,而是根据答语的内容来确定,不管主句为否定,还是反意问句为否定,回答时只看所提到的事情是否已/会发生。如果发生了,用肯定回答,否则用否定回答。要特别注意陈述部分是否定结构,反意问句部分用肯定形式时,回答的yes要译成"不",no要译成"是的"。‎ ‎ ☞—He likes playing football,doesn’t he?他喜欢踢足球,不是吗?‎ ‎ —Yes, he does.不,他喜欢。‎ ‎ —No, he doesn’t.是的,他不喜欢。‎ ‎ ☞—You haven’t seen the film,have you?你没有看过这部电影,是吗?‎ ‎ —Yes, I have.不,我看过。‎ ‎ —No, I haven’t.是的,我没有看过。‎ ‎10. 陈述部分主语和反意问句主语的对应关系 ‎ 在反意问句中,代词用人称代词I,we,you,he,she,it或they,谓语动词用助动词、情态动词或be动词。‎ ‎ ☞You wouldn’t like to take these pills, would you?你不想吃这些药,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞His father can’t name the plant, can he?他父亲叫不出这种植物的名字,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞You like traveling, don’t you?你喜欢旅游,是吗?‎ ‎ ☞This is very important, isn’t it?这非常重要,是吗?‎ ‎(2018·北京卷·单项填空)In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.‎ A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed ‎【答案】A ‎1.must后接完成式,若表示对过去情况的推测,附加问句中动词用didn’t;若表示对已完成情况的推测,用haven’t或hasn’t。 络游戏长大的,如果他们曾经参加各种各样的活动的话,这种情况也很少。由句意可知,C选项切题。‎ ‎6. __________ yourself with positive people who know the importance of confidence and you will keep focused on what you can do instead of what you can’t.‎ A. Surrounding B. Surrounded C. Surround D. Having surrounded ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查祈使句。句意:让你自己身边围绕着懂得自信的重要性的乐观的人,你就会一直关注于你能做的事而不是你不能做的。本题为"祈使句+and/or+陈述句",故本题应用动词原形。故选C项。‎ ‎7. Sharon ranked third in the singing competition. You can’t imagine __________ progress she has made.‎ A. ‎ how amazing B. what amazing ‎ C. how amazing a D. what an amazing ‎【答案】B ‎8. The ground is wet all over, so I’m sure it must have rained last night, __________ it?‎ A. hasn’t B. didn’t ‎ C. mustn’t D. wasn’t ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:地全是湿的,因此我肯定昨晚一定下过雨,是不是? It must have rained last night表示对过去的情况进行推测,句中有明确的过去时间状语,故反意疑问句根据陈述部分谓语的情况用didn’t it。‎ ‎ ‎ I. 单项填空填空 ‎ 1.— The authority concerned must have taken stricter measures to ensure traffic safety next year, ________it?‎ ‎ —Yes, definitely.‎ ‎ A. didn’t B. mustn’t ‎ C. hasn’t D. won’t ‎【答案】C ‎2.It was the first time ______ I ______ face to face with the president.‎ ‎ A. when; had come B. that; have come ‎ ‎ C. when; came D. that; had come ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查强调句型和时态。句意为:这是我第一次和总统面对面。此处为强调句型,其基本结构为:it+be+被强调部分+that+其余部分,由前面的"was the first time"判断此处用过去完成时。‎ ‎3.It was in 1969 ______ two Americans went to the moon by spaceship.‎ ‎ A. when B. that ‎ ‎ C. at that time D. just then ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查强调句型。句意为:两个美国人是在1969年乘坐宇宙飞船登上月球的。此处为强调句型,其基本结构为:it+ is/was +被强调部分+that+其余部分。‎ ‎4.When you meet danger in a foreign land, do not give up! Please remember, at you back ______ a strong ‎ ‎ motherland.‎ ‎ A. does stand B. stands ‎ ‎ C.is standing D.is stood ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查倒装句。句意为:当你在外国遇到危险时,请记住在你的身后有一个强大的祖国做后盾。介词短语作地点状语位于句首,且谓语动词为stand,sit,lie,come,walk等,采用完全倒装语序。 ‎ ‎5.We were walking quickly because she just wanted to get home, and _______.‎ ‎ A.so did I B.so I did ‎ ‎ C.I did so D. did I so ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查倒装。句意为:我们走得快是因为她想快点到家,我也是。so+助动词/be动词+主语表示第一个人的情况也适用于第二个人。 ‎ ‎6.Just as Oprah Winfrey puts it, _________thankful for what you have and you’ll end up having more.‎ ‎ A.be B. being ‎ ‎ C.to be D. having been ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查祈使句。句意:正如Oprah Winfrey所说的那样,对你所拥有的心存感激,最后你将会拥有得更多。祈使句+and+陈述句意为"……,你将会……",表示一种正面的结果。‎ ‎7.Only when _________hard __________ make your dream come true.‎ ‎ A.do you work; you can B. you work; you can ‎ C.do you work; can you D. you work; can you ‎【答案】D
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