2017-2018学年山东省济宁市第一中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题 解析版

2017-2018学年山东省济宁市第一中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题 解析版

山东省济宁市第一中学2017-2018学年高二下学期期中考试 英语试题 第I卷 第一部分:听力（百强校英语解析团队专供）(共两节，满分30 分)‎ 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)‎ ‎1. What will the boy probably eat next?‎ A. An apple. B. Vegetables. C. Chocolate cake.‎ ‎2. When did Tom finish work?‎ A. At 10:00. B. At 6:30. C. At 4:30.‎ ‎3. What is the doctor’s advice?‎ A. Take some medicine.‎ B. Stay home from school.‎ C. Come back in two days.‎ ‎4. How does the woman feel?‎ A. Surprised. B. Tired. C. Relaxed.‎ ‎5. Who has been to Yellowstone National Park?‎ A. The woman. B. The man’s uncle. C. The man’s sister.‎ 第二节(共15 小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)‎ 听第6 段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What do we know about the man’s wife?‎ A. She’s counting the days.‎ B. She likes reading very much.‎ C. She will visit some old friends.‎ ‎7. Where did the woman probably go last summer?‎ A. Hawaii. B. Europe. C. Egypt.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. What kinds of pictures does the man want to take?‎ A. Insects. B. Birds. C. People.‎ ‎9. What will the man probably do next?‎ A. Borrow a camera.‎ B. Give the woman $500.‎ C. Buy his own equipment.‎ 听第8 段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. Why are the speakers walking to school?‎ A. It’s close to home.‎ B. They want to get in shape.‎ C. They can stop at McDonald’s on the way.‎ ‎11. How many calories does the breakfast sandwich have?‎ A. 25 calories. B. 100 calories. C. 320 calories.‎ ‎12. What does the woman want to avoid?‎ A. Meat. B. Salads. C. Seeds and berries.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. Where did the first Hard Rock Cafe open?‎ A. In Istanbul. B. In London. C. In San Francisco.‎ ‎14. What happened in 1982?‎ A. The cafe was founded.‎ B. The headquarters moved to Florida.‎ C. The chain began to expand worldwide.‎ ‎15. How many locations does the cafe have around the world?‎ A. 59. B. 171. C. 191.‎ ‎16. When will the speakers probably visit the cafe?‎ A. Tomorrow. B. This weekend. C. Sometime next week.‎ 听第10 段材料，回答第17 至20题。‎ ‎17. What day is this announcement given?‎ A. On Friday. B. On Monday. C. On Wednesday.‎ ‎18. Why do the volunteers need to make a plan?‎ A. They are new volunteers.‎ B. The students will be here for only three hours.‎ C. There are too many students.‎ ‎19. What will Mindy do?‎ A. Give a history lesson.‎ B. Help students put beans into boxes.‎ C. Write down what has been organized.‎ ‎20. How can small students help?‎ A. By driving the truck.‎ B. By carrying the boxes.‎ C. By writing down some information.‎ 第二部分: 阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15 小题; 每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Book 1: Diary of a Fly—By Doreen Cronin ‎40 pages, US $15. 99‎ This is the diary of a fly. The fly, when she’s not landing on your head or swimming in your soup, is trying to escape her 327 siblings who are driving her crazy. Even though she’s little—just like her best friends, Worm and Spider— she wants to be a superhero. This is the story of a little fly who’s unafraid to dream big.‎ Book 2: Iggy Peck, Architect—By Andrea Beaty ‎32 pages, US $15.95‎ This book is a story about a kid whose head teacher doesn’t recognize his great talent (though he makes buildings out of anything at hand, including table cloths, fruit and chalk) until it saves her life. With Andrea Beatty’s rhyming text and David Roberts’s interesting illustrations (插图), it will charm creative kids everywhere.‎ Book 3: The Chicken-Chasing Queen of Lamar County—By Janice N. Harrington ‎40 pages, US $16.00‎ Our character here loves to run after chickens, particularly Miss Hen, who’s very fat. But, as all farming folks know, this is not a good way to produce happy, productive chickens. What will make ‎ her change her ways? The author is a professional storyteller and this book is full of fun, and has great illustrations.‎ Book 4: Cherry and Olive—By Benjamin Lacombe ‎32 pages, US $16.95‎ Children’s books can quickly take little readers into new worlds, such as the big city, 1930s Georgia, or outer space. This book takes us on a little trip to some European capitals. Cherry is fat and likes books, and she has few friends until she meets a SharPei puppy (沙皮狗). She names it Olive. Through it she finds confidence and friendship. But what will happen when its owner returns?‎ ‎1. What do we know about the fly in Book 1?‎ A. She is brave and ambitious.‎ B. She is stupid but interesting.‎ C. She is loyal and courageous.‎ D. She is honest but stubborn.‎ ‎2. What can we learn from the text?‎ A. Book 4 is the cheapest of the four books.‎ B. Both Book 2 and Book 3 contain many pictures.‎ C. The fly in Book1enjoys staying with her siblings.‎ D. The head teacher in Book 2 thinks highly of the kid.‎ ‎3. The books mentioned above are intended for .‎ A. parents B. children C. animal lovers D. architects ‎【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B ‎【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了四本书的价格，及每本书的写作风格和故事情节。‎ ‎1. 推理判断题。根据Even though she's little﹣just like her best friends，Worm and Spider﹣she wants to be a superhero．This is the story of a little fly who's not afraid to dream big．可知这只小苍蝇brave（勇敢的）和ambitious（有雄心的）；B项意为：虽然愚蠢但很有趣。C 项意为：既忠诚又勇敢。D项意为：虽然忠诚但很倔强。故选A。‎ ‎2. 细节理解题。Book2是最便宜的书。故A项错误。根据第一段…is trying to escape her 327 brothers and sisters可判断C项错误。根据第二段head teacher does not recognize his great talent可判断D项错误。用排除法。故选B。‎ ‎3. 推理判断题。这四部书写作意图都是带有鼓励孩子或激励孩子的目的。A项意为：父母B项意为：孩子 C项意为：动物爱好者D项意为：建筑师。上面被提到的书是为孩子们所写。故选B。‎ B For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets, and even bicycles. Dr. Christopher Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a misunderstanding. Without the elevator, they point out, there could be no downtown skyscrapers or tall buildings, and city life as we know it would be impossible. In that sense, they argue, the elevator’s role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. In fact, according to Wilk, the car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century, with cars making it possible for people to spread horizontally(水平地), and elevators pushing them toward life in close groups of towering vertical (垂直的) columns.‎ If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators, it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring, and even awkward experience one that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common, and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we’re hanging from a cable in a long passage.‎ In a new book, Lifted, German journalist and cultural studies professor Andreas Bernard directed all his attention to this experience, studying the origins of elevator and its relationship to humankind and finding that riding in an elevator has never been a totally comfortable experience. “After 150 years, we are still not used to it, ”Bernard said. “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.‎ Today, as the world’s urban population explodes, and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded, America’s total number of elevators—900,000 at last count, according to Elevator World magazine’s “2012 Vertical Transportation Industry”—are a force that’s becoming more ‎ important than ever. And for the people who really, really love them, it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.‎ ‎4. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1refer to?‎ A. The particular interests of experts.‎ B. The general view of elevators.‎ C. The desire for a remarkable machine.‎ D. The enthusiasm for transport vehicles.‎ ‎5. The author’s purpose in mentioning cars is .‎ A. to emphasize the importance of elevators B. to contrast their functions with elevators C. to reveal their secret war against elevators D. to explain people’s preference for elevators ‎6. According to Prof. Bernard, what has made the elevator ride different from other life experiences?‎ A. Vertical direction.‎ B. Little physical space.‎ C. Lack of excitement.‎ D. Uncomfortable conditions.‎ ‎7. The author urges readers to consider A. the exact number of elevator lovers B. the serious future situation of elevators C. the relationship between cars and elevators D. the role of elevators in city development ‎【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D ‎【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的议论文。文章主要阐述对于电梯所持有的不同态度与观点，并表达了自己对于电梯的态度。‎ ‎4. 词义猜测题。根据划线内容推断应该指代的是文章第一段For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford ‎ trains, jets，and even bicycles句意：对于大多数城市的人来说, 电梯是一台不起眼的机器, 它既不激发美国人坐火车、喷气机甚至骑自行车的热情也不引起美国人坐火车、喷气机甚至骑自行车的兴趣。即“this”指的是大众对于电梯的看法。故B正确。‎ ‎5. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In that sense, they argue，the elevator’s role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars.” 句意：他们认为, 从这个意义上讲电梯在美国历史上的作用和汽车一样重要。作者用小车作为参照物来强调电梯的重要性。B项意为：与电梯的功能对比 C项意为：揭露小车和电梯对人类的作用大小的“争论”。D项意为：解释了人们对电梯的偏爱。故选A。‎ ‎6. 推理判断题。 根据文章第三段“ “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.” 句意：我们仍然没有真正学会应付电梯所带来的既密闭又不悦的混合感受。据伯纳德说, 这种混合感受将电梯的乘坐和生活中其他的体验区别开来，。可知是因为电梯的关闭给人带来了不愉悦，也就是电梯的空间带来的问题。故选B。‎ ‎7. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.”可知作者的写作用意在于让读者去评价电梯在城市发展中的价值所在。故选D。‎ C Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.‎ We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue (疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.‎ Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles ‎ and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.‎ Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order, never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.‎ Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over.‎ When planning Encyclopedia Britannica( 《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.‎ One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.‎ An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.‎ Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.‎ ‎8. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to .‎ A. work hard B. delay tasks C. seek help D. accept failure ‎9. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?‎ A. Before starting a difficult task.‎ B. After finding a way out.‎ C. If the job is rather boring.‎ D. When all the solutions fail.‎ ‎10. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us .‎ A. find the right solution B. get some nice sleep C. gain complete relief D. ignore mental problems ‎11. What could be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Success Is Built upon Failure B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者围绕失败、疲倦、成功之间的关系展开论述。重点提出start-up fatigue 和 performance fatigue两种类型的疲倦问题，并分别以自己的亲身经历提出解决办法。最后指出克服疲倦的关键是获得成功。‎ ‎8. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel可知，开始性疲劳是因为我们一直在拖延任务，而且我们拖延得越久，我们就会越觉得疲惫。故选B。‎ ‎9. 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over可推断，能力型疲劳是无论我们工作的多艰辛，但是我们还是一遍又一遍的失败，故，当所有的解决办法都失败的时候，一个人会感到能力型疲劳。A项意为：当一个人开始一项困难的任务之前。B项意为：在找到解决办法之后。C项意为：如果这个工作相当无聊。均不符合文意。故选D。‎ ‎10. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step在“我”精疲力竭睡了一觉之后，我的脑海里清晰地出现了一个解决办法。故这种潜意识有助于找到解决办法。故选A。‎ ‎11. 主旨大意题。本文主要针对两种不同类型的疲劳，作者给出了解释和解决办法并通过自己的例子给出了证明。第一段和第二段是总领全文段落，引出两种不同的疲劳。‎ 第三段和第四段是对于“开始性疲劳”给出的定义，解决方法和自身的经历。第五段到第八段是对于“能力型疲劳”给出的定义，解决方案和自身经历。最后一段对文章中心的升华。由此可知，文章是关于克服疲劳，走向成功的文章。A项意为：成功建立与失败之上。B项意为：怎样处理能力型疲劳。C项意为：克服疲劳是走向成功方法。D项意为：疲劳是健康问题的早期信号。均不符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】主旨大意题型范围一般包括：短文标题、主旨大意或段落大意等。此题要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点、概括中心思想。考生需要分析文章的篇章结构，抓住文章的开头和结尾从而找出概括文章的主题句。主题句特点：一、语言特点：归纳性、概括性、抽象性。二、位置特点：主题句常出现在总结性语言的信号词后面。如：In a word, as a result, In conclusion.‎ D Senses That Work Together When we think about how our senses work, we usually imagine them operating separately: you sniff a flower, and the smell is delivered uninterrupted from nose to brain. However, it’s more complex than that. Most evidence for cross-modal perception (知觉) comes from studies into sound and vision (视觉). But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing.‎ When New York researchers, Daniel Wesson and Donald Wilson, tried to find out the truth about a “mysterious” area of the brain called the olfactory tubercle (嗅结节)，they had to deal with this fact. Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down with a clunk (哐啷声)，the mouse cells jumped in activity. In fact, the olfactory tubercle is well-placed to receive both smell and sound information from the outside world. Later they found that among separate cells, most responded to a smell but a significant number were also active when a sound was made. Some cells even behaved differently when smell and sound were presented together, by increasing or decreasing their activity.‎ Of course, mice aren’t people, so research team has been carrying out further experiments. They pulled together a group of people and gave them various drinks to smell. Participants were asked to sniff the drinks, and then match them to appropriate musical instruments and produce the notes at different levels. The results were interesting: piano was regularly paired with fruity ‎ fragrances; strong smells sounded like the instruments that are made of metal.‎ Further research found that listening to different sounds can change your perceptions. Studying taste this time, the team ordered some special toffee (太妃糖)and put together “soundscapes” corresponding to bitterness and sweetness. Participants tasted similar pieces of toffee while listening to each soundscape, and found the toffee more bitter or sweeter, depending on which soundtrack they were listening to.‎ Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. Could we see musicians work together with chefs to produce sound-improved food and drink? Will you be ordering a coffee with a soundtrack to bring out your favorite smell? Come to think of it, that could be one thing you hope coffee shop chains don’t get round to.‎ ‎12. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. A lot of research focuses on the senses.‎ B. There can be a link between sound and smell.‎ C. Sound and vision are relatively easy to study.‎ D. Evidence about the way senses work is hard to obtain.‎ ‎13. In Wesson and Wilson’s research, .‎ A. the mice were affected more significantly by sound B. the result confirmed what the researchers had suspected C. the connection between sound and smell was found by chance D. the mice seemed to be afraid of certain sounds or smells ‎14. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?‎ A. Participants took an active part in the experiments.‎ B. Experiments showed that links between sound and smell were consistent.‎ C. The result failed to support what was found in previous experiments.‎ D. The purpose of the further experiments was totally different.‎ ‎15. How does the author feel about the effect of the research?‎ A. She is excited about the creative chances.‎ B. She is surprised at the recent developments.‎ C. She is convinced that the findings will be used soon.‎ D. She is worried about how the knowledge can be applied.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A ‎【解析】本文是一篇科普知识说明文。当我们思考我们的感官是如何工作的时候，我们通常会想象它们是分开运作的：你嗅一朵花，气味从鼻子到大脑都不受干扰。然而，它比这要复杂得多。本文通过实验证明气味和声音是有联系的。以此证明各种感官是协调工作的。‎ ‎12. 词义猜测题。根据第一段But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing.可知，研究者表明其他的crossing over感知正在不断出现，看起来，即使是声音和气味，有时也会形成一个不太可能的配对。故“这个事实”的意思是“声音和气味之间可能有联系。”故选B。‎ ‎13. 推理判断题。根据第二段中Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse cells jumped in activity. 句意：最初, 他们只打算测量老鼠嗅结节细胞对嗅觉的反应。但在测试期间, 他注意到每次他把咖啡杯放下, 老鼠细胞就活跃起来了。由此可推知，声音和气味之间的联系是偶然发现的。故选C。‎ ‎14. 段落大意题。根据第二段最后老鼠的实验：当声音发出时，大多数细胞对气味作出反应，相当多的细胞也很活跃。当气味和声音一起被提出时，有些细胞甚至表现不同。第三段通过人来做实验：有规律地把钢琴搭配果味芳香;强烈的气味听起来像是金属制成的乐器。可知，这些实验都表明，声音和气味之间的联系是一致的，协调的。故选B。‎ ‎15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. 句意：这样的研究帮助科学家正确地描述了我们对感官的理解, 以及大脑是如何结合其优势的。这些实验结果是值得考虑的。A项意为：她对创造机会感到兴奋。B项意为：她对最近的事态发展感到惊讶。C项意为：她确信这些发现将很快被使用。D项意为：她担心如何运用这一知识。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 做词义猜测题时，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。本题第1小题，根据第二段But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing.可知，研究者表明其他的crossing over 感知正在不断出现，看起来，即使是声音和气味，有时也会形成一个不太可能的配对。可知划线词的意思是“声音和气味之间可能有联系。”故答案为B。‎ 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ We eat in our cars, at our desks, on the go, and in front of the TV. We eat take-out, packaged and prepared meals. Why ? Because it fits our not-enough-time-in-the-day lifestyles. ___16___ Well, I’m certainly not the first one to think it—or say it—but we all need to slow down.‎ Consumer trends around the globe show that over the past three decades people are purchasing more prepared foods at the grocery and eating out more than ever before. It’s predicted that we’ll spend more at restaurants in the coming years. ___17___However, we’re getting less healthy.‎ While debates can be seen indifferent media over the food industry’s contribution to our growing waistlines and our health problems, the bottom line is this: ___18___We can choose to eat a fast-food lunch on the go. We can throw a frozen meal in the microwave and call it dinner. We can eat without thinking, in front of the tube, at our computers, and while driving a car.‎ ‎___19___Studies have shown meaningful links between family meals and kids’ mental and physical well-being. Eating sensibly doesn’t take much time or money, but it does require you to make a conscious decision to do so. Wrapped in endless work, appointments and social activities, we often fail to enjoy a relaxing meal with our families.‎ While it can be a challenge to always put healthy eating first, just do your best. Remember that the food you eat has a more significant impact on your health, weight and well-being than almost any other activity you do. ___20___ Every meal made at home—even just once or twice a week—is a step closer to a healthier body and as lower food lifestyle.‎ A. Our food matches our lives.‎ B. Treat it with the importance that it deserves, but start small.‎ C. We’re consuming an increasing number of calories.‎ D. Lunch is the biggest calorie intake when it comes to eating out.‎ E. Purchase food locally and skip as many packaged items as you can.‎ F. What we eat, where we eat and how we eat are all under our control.‎ G. We can devote an hour of the day to enjoying a meal with our families.‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. C ‎ ‎18. F 19. G ‎ ‎20. B ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。在目前生活节奏加快的情况下，人们以“快餐”的形式来适应这种生活方式。但是这种生活方式并非健康，作者建议人们加入“慢食运动”，寻回健康和遗失的美好。‎ ‎16. 　考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据前面的“We eat in our cars, at our desks, on the go, and in front of the TV. We eat take-out, packaged and prepared meals. Why? Because it fits our not-enough-time-in-the-day lifestyles.”可知，随着人们生活节奏的加快，人们的饮食习惯也发生改变。所以，人们也只能以“快餐”的形式来适应这种生活方式。故选A。‎ ‎18. 　考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。现代的饮食行业给人们的健康带来了很大的负面影响。根据前面的“the bottom line is this” 但其底线是:…可知，不管怎么样“我们”要控制好，(为健康考虑)。故选F。‎ ‎19. 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据后面的“Studies have shown meaningful links between family meals and kids' mental and physical well-being.”可知，与家人一块儿吃饭有很大的好处。所以，G项意为：我们可以花一小时的时间和家人一起吃饭。内容符合上下文。故选G。‎ ‎20. 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据前后内容可知，饮食对“我们”的健康很重要。作者建议人们尽量在家吃饭。在目前生活节奏加快的情况下，可以慢慢地改变。B项意为：以它应得的重要性来对待它, 但从小的改变开始。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 做7选5试题的时候，应该先通读一遍文章，搞明白文章的体裁和文章大意。接下来准确的理解这七个选项的意思。区别明显的选项可以归类到相应的段落；区别不明显的选项留在最后带入文章。根据意思、作者说话的角度以及句式，静心斟酌。最后选出正确答案。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（百强校英语解析团队专供）(共三节，满分45 分)‎ 第一节(共20 小题; 每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ For me personally, I could write for days about many different situations where adversity (逆境) ___21___my life. Now let me tell you one experience where I almost let adversity ___22___‎ We had a glass studio, which was located 50 feet from our home. A couple of years ago we experienced an ___23___winter; we had a lot of snow and ice. The ___24___of the ice and snow ___25___the roof on our studio, taking with it one of our sources of income. ___26___it did fall down, we got on the roof and tried to ___27___the snow and ice, but when you have 5 feet of ice and temperatures of minus 20 Celsius, it was pretty ___28___to do.‎ We had a partner come in to help us try to ___29___the roof by supporting. In the end, there was ___30___that could be done. The roof came down. We had moved a lot of our goods and tools from the studio ___31___ we lost a lot also: glass, kilns, work benches, to name only a few of the items. It was a ___32___experience.‎ Here we were in the middle of winter with our studio collapsed. We couldn’t work as we had almost ___33___all the material in a building we were not using. We could have done one of two things: we could simply say that we can no longer ___34___ our glass business. Let me tell you that this was certainly a thought that ___35___ our mind. Or we could find a way to get our studio back up and running.‎ We picked the ___36___option. We had a large barn that we were not using. So we renovated (翻新) the barn, ___37___our working area and today we have a nicer studio than we ___38___ had. If the adversity we were ___39___had not happened, we probably would ___40___ be working in the old studio—a studio that was less efficient.‎ ‎21. A. promoted B. influenced C. destroyed D. prevented ‎22. A. suffer B. win C. escape D. work ‎23. A. awful B. awesome C. agreeable D. awkward ‎24. A. size B. height C. temperature D. weight ‎25. A. pressed B. limited C. collapsed D. struck ‎26. A. Unless B. Before C. Although D. When ‎27. A. replace B. reduce C. recycle D. remove ‎28. A. worthwhile B. rewarding C. tough D. annoying ‎29. A. examine B. test C. restore D. secure ‎30. A. nothing B. enough C. all D. something ‎31. A. for B. but C. or D. so ‎32. A. disastrous B. valid C. vain D. treasured ‎33. A. displayed B. arranged C. piled D. presented ‎34. A. predict B. quit C. instruct D. conduct ‎35. A. approached B. crossed C. cleared D. comforted ‎36. A. former B. latter C. easier D. further ‎37. A. redesigned B. evaluated C. organized D. reserved ‎38. A. desperately B. hopefully C. eventually D. previously ‎39. A. cautious about B. concerned about C. faced with D. aware of ‎40. A. ever B. already C. still D. even ‎【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉我们：人生中的逆境不一定是坏事，有时会提升你，让你更好。‎ ‎21. 考查动词辨析。A. promoted促进，推进，提升，助长；B. influenced影响；C. destroyed破坏；D. prevented阻止。句意：就我个人而言，我可以写好几天的关于对许多不同的情形中逆境提升了我的生活。根据第37小题的内容可推断出，本空是提升我的生活。故选A。‎ ‎22. 考查动词辨析。A. suffer遭受；B. win获胜；C. escape逃脱；D. work工作。句意：让我告诉你一个我几乎让厄运战胜的经历。从下文的冰雪压塌了我的工作室，无法正常工作的经历可知，我几乎被击败。故选B。‎ ‎23. 考查形容词辨析。A. awful糟糕的，可怕的；B. awesome令人敬畏的，使人畏惧的，可怕的；C. agreeable令人愉快的，惬意的，有礼貌的；D. awkward难对付的，棘手的，笨拙。句意：我们有一个玻璃工作室，它位于离我们家50英尺的地方。几年前，我们经历了一个可怕的冬天；我们房顶有很多雪和冰。根据后空问他的工作室的屋顶有很多的冰和雪，而且屋顶倒塌了，因此可判断出是“很可怕的，糟糕的事”， 故选A。‎ ‎24. 考查名词辨析。A. size大小；B. height高度；C. temperature温度；D. weight重量。句意：冰雪的重压让屋顶倒塌。根据常识可知，是重量让屋顶承受不住而倒塌，故选D。‎ ‎25. 考查动词辨析。A. pressed按，压；B. limited限制；C. collapsed倒塌；D. struck撞击，敲响，报时。句意：冰雪的重量使我们工作室的屋顶倒塌了。第41小题后的“fall down”是其同义词，是提示及复现。故选C。‎ ‎26. 考查连词辨析。A. Unless除非；B. Before在……之前；C. Although尽管，虽然，但是；D. When当……时候。句意：在它倒塌之前，我们上了屋顶。根据常识应该是还没倒塌才能上房顶，因此B符合题意。故选B。‎ ‎27. 考查动词辨析。A. replace代替；B. reduce减少；C. recycle循环；D. remove移走。句意：我们爬上屋顶，试图除去雪和冰。因为房顶有雪和冰，所以上屋顶的目的就是去掉它们。故选A。‎ ‎28. 考查形容词辨析。A. worthwhile值得花时间与精力的；B. rewarding值得的，有报酬的；C. tough艰苦的，困难的，难办的；D. annoying讨厌的，恼人的。句意：当你有5英尺厚的冰和零下20摄氏度的温度时，这是很难做到的。根据常识可知，天冷雪厚去掉谈何容易，因此是很困难的。故选D。‎ ‎29. 考查动词辨析。A. examine检查，考试；B. test测试；C. restore归还，使恢复，修复；D. secure保护，（使）获得，使安全，担保。句意：我们让一个搭档来帮助我们通过支撑屋顶来固定屋顶。要通过支撑屋顶来让屋顶固定，以使其安全。故选C。‎ ‎30. 考查代词辨析。A. nothing没有什么东西；B. enough充足；C. all一切；D. something某物，某事。句意：最后，我们没有什么能做的（来阻止屋顶的倒塌）。根据下文屋顶倒塌，什么也不能做了，故选C。‎ ‎31. 考查连词辨析。A. for由于，因为；B. but但是；C. or或者；D. so因此。句意：我们从工作室搬走了我们的很多产品和工具，但我们失去了很多：玻璃窑，工作台，仅举几项。虽然搬走一些但还是失去了很多，前后是转折关系，故用but，故选B。‎ ‎32. 考查形容词辨析。A. disastrous灾难性的，损失惨重的；B. valid有效的，有法律效力的，正当的；C. vain徒劳的，自负的，无结果的；D. treasured宝贵的，珍贵的。句意：这是一次损失惨重的经历。因为有很多东西没有搬出来，因此是损失惨重，故选A。‎ ‎33. 考查动词辨析。A. displayed展示；B. arranged安排；C. piled堆放，放置，装入，蜂拥；D. presented呈现。句意：我们不能工作，因为我们几乎把所有的材料堆在一个我们没有使用的建筑物里。把所有的材料放在一起，无秩序地，不是“展示”，更不可能“安排”‎ 在一个不用的建筑物里，所以用pile合适。故选C。‎ ‎34. 考查动词辨析。A. predict预言，预测，预示；B. quit离开，放弃；C. instruct吩咐，指导；D. conduct引导，带领，进行。句意：我们可以简单地说，我们再也不能经营玻璃业了。根据题意可知，因为工作室的倒塌，无法正常进行工作了。故选D。‎ ‎35. 考查动词固定搭配。A. approached走近，靠近；B. crossed横跨，穿越；C. cleared扫除，除去，消除；D. comforted安慰。cross one’s mind 即为“穿过某人的头脑”，也就是“无意中想到、偶然想起”。句意：让我告诉你，这的确是我们心中的突然的一个想法。根据句意可知心中突然有一个想法。故选B。‎ ‎36. 考查形容词辨析。A. former前者的，较后的；B. latter后者的；C. easier较早的；D. further更远的，较远的；更进一步的。上文中作者说或者不可能再做下去了，或者也可以找到一个方法让他的工作室重新开始运行。这两个选择中作者选择了后者。从后面的内容可知，作者把翻新的粮仓作为工作室，自然是选择重新开始。故选B。‎ ‎37. 考查动词辨析。A. redesigned重新设计；B. evaluated评估；C. organized组织，创立；D. reserved储备，保留，预约。句意：所以我们翻新了谷仓，重新设计了我们的工作区，今天我们有一个比以前更好的工作室。根据后面的一句说现在的工作区比以前的更好，可推断出是重新设计的，故选A。‎ ‎38. 考查副词辨析。A. desperately绝望地，不顾一切地；B. hopefully有希望地，有前途地；C. eventually最终地；D. previously以前，事先。句意：比以前的工作室要好。根据常识可知是比以前倒塌的那个要好，故选C。‎ ‎39. 考查动词短语辨析。A. cautious about好奇；B. concerned about关注，关心；C. faced with面对；D. aware of意识到。句意：如果我们面对的不幸没有发生过。本句是虚拟语气，根据文章可知，这个不幸已发生，让我们面对，而不是关注的，好奇地或意识到，在此也不恰当，而是我们现在面对的，故选C。‎ ‎40. 考查副词辨析。A. ever曾经；B. already已经；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。句意：我们可能仍然在旧的工作室工作，那是一个效率较低的工作室。根据文章的内容可知，如果原来的工作室没倒塌的话，它仍然在那里，故选B。 ‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 完形填空题的大忌：看一题做一题。如果这样的话，题看完啦，基本上也都做错了。做完形填空题，就是要根据上下文学会“推理”找出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。同义词复现是一种设计题的常见方法，同学们注意。例如：第5小题，第41‎ 小题后的“fall down”是其同义词，是提示及复现。‎ 第II卷 第三部分 （百强校英语解析团队专供）英语知识运用 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 根据首字母和汉语提示，在空白处填入1个单词的正确形式。‎ ‎41. Cycling is highly b_________to health and the environment.‎ ‎42. If you can’t go yourself, try to find someone to s_________for you.‎ ‎43. W_________to the crash say they saw an explosion just before the disaster.‎ ‎44. Everyone in the class is expected to p_________actively in these discussions.‎ ‎45. He gave the homeless children shelter for the night out of s_________for them.‎ ‎46. Children under 14 must be_________(陪同)by an adult.‎ ‎47. They went back home,_________ (思考，反思) upon what they had seen.‎ ‎48. David turned around and walked off in the_________(相反的) direction.‎ ‎49. They are making_________(准备) to fly Mr. Smith to the nearest hospital.‎ ‎50. Nowadays many people are willing to do ________ (自愿的) work for their communities.‎ ‎【答案】41. beneficial ‎ ‎42. substitute ‎ ‎43. Witnesses ‎ ‎44. participate ‎ ‎45. sympathy ‎ ‎46. accompanied ‎ ‎47. reflecting ‎ ‎48. opposite ‎ ‎49. preparations ‎ ‎50. voluntary ‎【解析】‎ ‎41. 考查形容词。句意：骑车对健康和环境都非常有益。b e beneficial to对…有益处。.故填beneficial。‎ ‎42. 考查动词。句意：如果你不能自己去, 尽力去找人代替你。substitute vt. 以…代替，用…‎ 代替(for)。故填substitute ‎43. 考查名词。句意：失事目击者说, 他们在灾难发生前看到了爆炸。故填Witnesses。‎ ‎44. 考查动词。句意：希望教室内的每一个人都积极的参加这次讨论。participate in参加，参与。故填participate。‎ ‎45. 考查名词。句意：他出于同情心让这些无家可归的孩子住了一晚。out of sympathy for sb. 出于对某人的同情。故填sympathy。‎ ‎46. 考查被动语态。句意：14岁以下的孩子必须由大人陪同。be accompanied by被…陪伴。故填accompanied。‎ ‎47. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们一路思考着之前看到的一切返回到了家。逗号后面没有连词所以是一句话。谓语动词是went，故此空填非谓语动词。reflecting是现在分词作伴随状语。故填reflecting。‎ ‎48. 考查形容词。句意：David转过身朝向相反的方向走去。故填opposite。‎ ‎49. 考查固定搭配。句意：他们正准备用飞机运送Mr. Smith到最近的医院。make preparations to do sth. 准备去做某事。故填preparations。‎ ‎50. 考查形容词。句意：现在许多人愿意为他们的社区做志愿工作。‎ voluntary adj.自愿的，自发的，自动的。故填voluntary。‎ 第三节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5 分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Domestic robots such as the Roomba have already established themselves in the marketplace. Common household appliances such as toasters and microwaves ___51___(fit) with microprocessors, effectively making them robots, which are bound to do as ordered. The military has begun automating (自动化) many of its frontline systems. The future is wide open for more exploration of these___52___(device).‎ Automatic factories were some of the first to implement (实施，运用) robotics on the assembly line, performing tasks too dangerous or delicate for humans___53___(accomplish). This has continued with whole factories___54___(begin) to be automated. IBM has instituted a “lights off’ factory in Texas that is ___55___(complete) automated. Recently Caterpillar ___56___(announce) plans to operate robotic heavy machinery by 2021, and has already begun transferring much of their crane operations to remote-controlled robots, ___57___obey the orders from computer directions. The medical industry has taken advantage ___58___robotic surgery ‎ assistants for years, most notably the Da Vinci surgical (外科的) helper. With rising health care costs ___59___ the increasing needs of an aging population, hospitals are planning vast expansion in the areas of ____60____(talent) robotics.‎ ‎【答案】51. are fitted ‎ ‎52. devices ‎ ‎53. to accomplish ‎ ‎54. beginning ‎ ‎55. completely ‎ ‎56. has announced ‎ ‎57. which 58. of ‎ ‎59. and 60. talented ‎【解析】本文是一篇科技说明文。文中讲述了智能化机器人在人们生活中各个领域中的运用和前景。‎ ‎51. 考查时态语态。句意：常见的家用电器, 如烤面包机和微波炉, 装有微处理器, 有效地使他们的机器人, 这些机器人一定要照命令做事。本篇文章是介绍科技方面的知识，故用一般现在时。主语是appliances，故用被动。故填are fitted。‎ ‎52. 考查名词单复数。句意：未来会对这些设备进行更加广泛的探索。空前是these后跟可是名词复数形式。device是可数名词。故填devices。‎ ‎53. 考查不定式。句意：自动化工厂是第一个在装配线上实施运用机器人技术, 完成一些人类做起来太危险或细微的任务。由于没有连词，可以推断出这是一句话，谓语部分是were，故此空填非谓语动词。表示“要做之事”故用不定式。故填to accomplish。‎ ‎54. 考查非谓语动词。句意：以整个工厂开始自动化这继续下去。本句话谓语部分是has continued，故此空应该用非谓语动词。又因为with是介词，故应填现在分词。故填beginning。‎ ‎55. 考查副词。句意：该工厂是完全自动化的。is automated是谓语部分，故需要用副词修饰谓语。故填completely。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 学会分析句子成对做语法填空题有极大的好处。如本题：IBM has instituted a “lights off’ factory in Texas that is ___5___(complete) automated我们可以看出来that is ___5___(complete) automated是that引导的定语从句，并且在定语从句中作主语，指代factory ‎。因此可以推断出is automated是谓语部分，故只能用副词修饰谓语动词。‎ ‎56. 考查谓语动词。句意：最近, Caterpillar已经宣布计划在2021年之前操作机器人重型机械, 并且已经开始将大部分起重机操作转移到远程控制的机器人上。根据句子结构has already begun故此空也应该用现在完成时。故填has announced。‎ ‎57. 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：这些机器人服从计算机指令的命令。空格前有逗号，obey the orders是动宾结构。故可以推断出此空填连词，并且作主语。再根据句意可以推断出是非限制性定语从句，指代robots。故填which。‎ ‎58. 考查固定搭配。句意：医疗行业多年来一直利用机器人手术助手。taken advantage of充分利用。故填of。‎ ‎59. 考查连词。句意：随着医疗成本的上升和老龄化人口需求的增加。rising health care costs 和the increasing needs of an aging population是并列结构。故填and。‎ ‎60. 考查形容词。句意：医院正计划在有才华的机器人领域进行大规模扩大。robotics是名词，故其前应该用形容词修饰。talented adj.有才能的；能干的。故填talented。‎ 第四部分 写作（百强校英语解析团队专供）(共两节, 满分35分)‎ 第一节: 短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎61. 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。‎ 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除: 把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。‎ 修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。‎ Last summer vacation was my most pleasant one. My parents and I had made at our to Xi’an. Instead of having a travel agency arranging our transportation and accommodation, we booked the train tickets and hotel rooms on the Internet by us. During our tour in Xi’an, we went to many places of interests and took lots of photos, learned about the history of Xi’an. No tourists would miss the local food in Xi’an, so would we. We enjoyed the typical local food, it tasted more delicious than we had expected. Hardly had I returned than I shared the photos and experiences for my classmates. The trip to Xi’an has been such happy memory to me that I will never forget it.‎ ‎【答案】1. 去掉had ‎ ‎2. arranging 改为arrange ‎3. us 改为ourselves ‎4. interests 改为interest ‎5. learned 改为learning ‎6. so 改为neither 或nor ‎7. it 改为which 或在it 前加and ‎8. than 改为when ‎9. for 改为with ‎10. happy 前加a ‎【解析】文章讲述了去年夏天和父母去西安旅游的经历和收获。‎ ‎1.去掉I后的had.考查动词时态。根据时间状语Last summer可知此处叙述过去发生的事，用一般过去时即可，不用过去完成时。故去掉I后的had.‎ ‎2. arranging—arrange.考查动词形式。表示让某人做某事用have sb. do sth.此处指让旅行社安排我们的交通和住宿，故arranging—arrange.‎ ‎3. us—ourselves.考查代词。此处指我们自己在网上定了火车票和旅馆，句中主语和宾语一致都是我们，用反身代词。故us—ourselves.‎ ‎4. interests—interest.考查名词。place of interest “名胜古迹”，复数形式是place用复数，interest不变。故interests—interest.‎ ‎5. learned—learning.考查非谓语动词。句中主语we和动词learn是主动关系，表示我们了解了西安的历史。此处作状语用动词的-ing形式，故learned—learning.‎ ‎6. so—neither/nor.考查固定句型。So+助动词+主语表示“后者也那样”，前半句是肯定形式。此处前半句No tourists是否定形式，表示“后者也不”，用neither/nor+助动词+主语结构，故so—neither/nor.‎ ‎7. it—which.考查定语从句。句中包含非限制性定语从句，先行词是typical local food指物,在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词which引导，补充说明先行词。故it—which.‎ ‎8. than—when.考查固定句型。Hardly…when…表示“一…就…”，是固定搭配。故than—when.‎ ‎9. for—with.考查介词。表示“和…分享…”用share sth. with sb.此处指和同学们分享照片和经历，故for—with.‎ ‎10.such后加a.考查冠词。此处表示如此快乐的回忆，memory在此可数，用such a +adj.+n.‎ 结构，故such后加a.‎ 第二节 书面表达（百强校英语解析团队专供）(满分25分)‎ ‎62. 假设你是李华，你的好友Peter今天上午来你家找你陪他练习汉语口语。你因临时有急事外出，让他扑了个空。请根据以上情景，给Peter 写一封信。内容包括:‎ ‎1. 表示歉意:‎ ‎2. 解释具体原因，并希望他能谅解;‎ ‎3. 告诉他下次练习的时间、地点及话题。‎ 注意:1. 词数100 左右;‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Peter, ‎ I am terribly sorry that I couldn’t practice spoken Chinese with you this time. I should have told you in advance, but something happened beyond my expectation. My teacher called me to send his computer to his office. Unfortunately, my mobile phone got a flat battery after I received the call. ‎ Worst of all, I was caught in a traffic jam on my way back. ‎ Next Saturday afternoon, I’d like to meet you at three o’clock at the gate in the park near our college. We will talk about Chinese table manners. If possible, would you please be familiar with the topic before our practice?‎ Once again, I’m sorry for any inconvenience caused. Hope to see you soon. ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】本文是一篇应用类书面表达。文章要求给Peter写一封道歉信。根据所列提纲可以分为三段：第一段表达歉意；解释原因，希望对方的理解。第二段预约下次练习的时间、地点及话题。第三段可以再次表达歉意并送上祝福。根据所列提纲的内容，写本篇书面表达所选择的时态应该以一般过去时和一般将来时为主。人称上应该以第一人称为主。‎ ‎.‎ I should have told you in advance, but something happened beyond my expectation.本句使用了虚拟语气should have done 本应该做某事而实际上没有做。If possible, would you please be familiar with the topic before our practice? 本句使用了省略句。If possible中if后省略了it is 意为：如果可能的话。would you please请你做…用得比较地道。‎ ‎【亮点词和短语】‎ in advance提前 beyond my expectation超出我的预料 Unfortunately不幸的是，倒霉的是 Worst of all最糟糕的是 be caught in a traffic jam 陷入交通堵 be familiar with 对…熟悉 inconvenience不便。‎