【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题训练之二：推理判断之推测型（21页10篇含答案及解释）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题训练之二：推理判断之推测型（21页10篇含答案及解释）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题训练：推理判断之推测型 ‎ 一 Taktak tabulaba?‎ You probably don't know how to answer that question—unless you happen to be one of the about 430 people in the world who speak a language called Matukar Panau. Then you would know it means “What are we doing？”Matukar Panau is one of the world's rarest languages. It is spoken in just two small coastal villages in Papua New Guinea.‎ Several years ago，David Harrison，a language expert，didn't know much about Matukar Panau either. No one had ever recorded or even studied its words and rules.With so few speakers，the language risked disappearing soon. It was endangered.‎ Harrison didn't want that to happen to Matukar Panau.So in 2009，he set out for Papua New Guinea. His goal：use modern technology to help the remaining speakers preserve their native tongue.‎ But Matukar Panau is far from the only language facing loss. Studies suggest that by the end of this century，nearly half of the 7，000 languages now spoken worldwide could disappear. They're in danger partly because the only people left speaking them are elderly adults. When those individuals die，their language will die with them. In addition，children may discard a native language and instead use more common global languages, such as Chinese，English or Spanish.‎ In the United States alone，134 native American languages are endangered.“Language hotspots”exist all over the world. These are places with endangered languages that haven't been recorded. They include the state of Oklahoma，pockets of central and eastern Siberia，parts of northern Australia and communities in South America.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。Matukar Panau语是一种稀有的语种，由于讲这种语言的人很少，这种语言面临消亡的危险；与此类似，到本世纪末世界上将有近一半的语言面临消亡，仅美国就有134种本地语言濒临消亡。‎ ‎5．What did Harrison go to Papua New Guinea for?‎ A．Learning their native language.‎ B．Helping preserve their endangered tongue.‎ C．Learning their modern technology.‎ D．Teaching the natives a new language.‎ B　[考查细节理解。根据第三段的“Harrison didn't want that to happen to Matukar Panau.So in 2009，he set out for Papua New Guinea.”和“help the remaining speakers preserve their native tongue”可知，为了不让Matukar Panau语消亡，语言学家Harrison去了Papua New Guinea，帮助保护该语言，故B项正确。]‎ ‎6．The underlined word “discard”in Paragraph 4 means “ ”．‎ A．hear of B．pick up C．get rid of D．learn about C　[考查词义猜测。根据画线词后的“a native language and instead use more common global languages，such as Chinese，English or Spanish”可以判断，那里的孩子们可能不说这种本地方言，而是更多地讲汉语、英语或西班牙语等国际通用语言，故画线词意为“摆脱，丢弃”，故C项正确。]‎ ‎7．The last two paragraphs imply that endangered languages are ．‎ A．dying quickly in Siberia B．becoming a worldwide problem C．popular in some special places D．some native tongues B　[考查推理判断。根据第四段第二句“Studies suggest that by the end of this century，nearly half of the 7，000 languages now spoken worldwide could disappear.”及最后一段的“‘Language hotspots’ exist all over the world.”可以判断，濒危语言正在成为世界性难题，故B项正确。]‎ ‎8．According to the passage，the author is about the endangered languages.‎ A．indifferent B．suspicious C．supportive D．concerned D　[ 考查观点态度。根据第四段第一、二句“But Matukar Panau is far from the only language facing loss.Studies suggest that by the end of this century，nearly ‎ half of the 7，000 languages now spoken worldwide could disappear.”并结合全文内容可知，除了Matukar Panau语之外，到本世纪末，7 000种现存的世界范围内所使用的语言中将有近一半可能濒临消亡。据此可以判断，作者很担心这些濒危语言的消亡，故D项正确。]‎ ‎ 二 With Halloween just around the corner，today we will explore the world of ghosts in this program!‎ The MerriamWebster online dictionary says the word“ghost”goes back a thousand years to the“earliest recorded evidence of the language”．The first meaning of “ghost” was “the seat of life or intelligence”．And it still has that meaning in some expressions.‎ However，today，the word“ghost”usually means the soul of a dead person. This meaning is based on the idea that a person's spirit and body are separate. The spirit can continue existing long after the body has died.‎ During Halloween，kids dressed as ghosts are common sights. The costume is very simple：just throw on a white cloth that covers you from head to foot. But do not expect to win any costume competitions！You would not have a ghost of a chance. People use this expression to mean that something is very unlikely to happen.‎ The sight might even make you turn pale as a ghost. This is used when people lose color in their face. Sometimes this happens when a person is scared. But a bad cold or flu can also turn you as pale as a ghost.‎ ‎“Ghost” can also be a verb. In the 1880s the term “ghost” meant a person who works in secret for another person. Ghostwriters produce speeches for politicians. They also produce books for authors who want to tell their life stories but are not professional writers.‎ And sometimes ghostwriters are involved in a series of books，like the children's stories based on the teenage detective Nancy Drew. The series began in 1930.The author given credit was Carolyn Keene. But she was not even real！Ghostwriters did all the work.‎ Another expression using“ghost”as a verb is simply to ghost. This does not mean to die. It means to leave a place or event without saying“goodbye” to anyone. ‎ You can ghost from your job. You can ghost from a party. You can even ghost from a relationship. This is when you stop communicating with someone because you are simply no longer interested in them.‎ But I will not ghost from Words and Their Stories.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要对“ghost”一词进行了深入探索。‎ ‎9．The basic meaning of the word “ghost” nowadays is ．‎ A．the secret of another person B．the spirit of a dead person C．the color of one's face D．the origin of intelligence B　[考查细节理解。根据文章第三段的第一句“However，today，the word ‘ghost’ usually means the soul of a dead person.”可知，ghost现在的基本含义是“一个死人的灵魂”。]‎ ‎10．If someone says “you don't have a ghost of a chance to win the match”，he means ．‎ A．without doubt you won't lose the match B．the match is unlikely to happen C．it's impossible for you to win the match D．you are too scared to win the match C　[考查细节理解。根据第四段的最后一句“People use this expression to mean that something is very unlikely to happen.”可知，题干中引号内的意思是不可能赢得比赛，故选C。]‎ ‎11．What can be inferred about the word“ghost”according to the passage?‎ A．Kids dressed in a white cloth like ghosts can win a costume competition.‎ B．A bad cold can turn people as pale as a ghost because they fear illness.‎ C．It was Carolyn Keene who ghostwrote the children's stories.‎ D．A person devoted to his job is unlikely to ghost from his job.‎ D　[考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段的第三句“It means to leave a place or event without saying ‘goodbye’ to anyone.”并结合选项可知，一个热爱自己工作的人是不可能轻易离开自己的工作的，ghost的含义和引用的句子呼应，‎ 故选D。]‎ ‎12．This passage is likely to appear in ．‎ A．a radio program B．a Halloween poster C．a fashion magazine D．a newspaper advertisement A　[考查文章出处。根据第一段“With Halloween just around the corner，today we will explore the world of ghosts in this program！”可推知，本文选自一个电台的节目，故选A。]‎ ‎ 三 Ophelia and the Marvelous Boy by Karen Foxlee Type：Fantasy Storyline：‎ When Ophelia moves to a strange city where it never stops snowing，she discovers a boy locked away for 75 years in a museum. She must help the boy before the Snow Queen freezes the world. Along the way，Ophelia learns how to believe in things she cannot see.‎ Targeted readers：‎ People who like fairy tales would enjoy this book.‎ A Hundred Horses by Sarah Lean Type：Mystery Storyline：‎ The wooden horse Nell brings along during her visits to her aunt and cousins is stolen by a girl named Angel. As Nell finds out Angel's true identity，a bond grows between them and a group of 99 horses. Word has it that the 100th horse is magical. But where is it？Nell doesn't know，but Angel might know.‎ Targeted readers：‎ Kids who like animals and nature will be sure to find this book exciting.‎ How to Catch a Bogle by Catherine Jinks Type：Fantasy Storyline：‎ Birdie is an orphan who is good at trapping monsters with her singing voice. She is the only goblin(小妖精)hunter in the world. When kids go missing，it's up to her to figure out why.‎ Targeted readers：‎ Anyone who is looking for monsters will take great pleasure in this book.‎ I Even Funnier：A Middle School Story by James Patterson and Chris Grabenstein Type：Fiction Storyline：‎ After a car accident Jamie loses his family，and then he moves in with his aunt，uncle and his cousin Stevie，whose basic aim is to trick Jamie.But Jamie keeps having a positive attitude and running after his goals.He was recently honored the Funniest Kid Comic of New York State.‎ Targeted readers：‎ This book would be great for anyone who is fond of humorous books.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本书籍，提供了每本书的名称、作者、种类、故事情节和目标读者。‎ ‎1．Which writer tells a story about a girl saving a boy?‎ A．Karen Foxlee.‎ B．Sarah Lean.‎ C．Catherine Jinks.‎ D．James Patterson and Chris Grabenstein.‎ A　[考查细节理解。根据文章对第一本书的简介，尤其是第二句“She must help the boy before the Snow Queen freezes the world.”可知，在冰雪女王冰冻世界之前Ophelia必须帮助那个男孩逃离，Ophelia and the Marvelous Boy的作者是Karen Foxlee，故选A。]‎ ‎2．Nature lovers may take interest in ．‎ A．Ophelia and the Marvelous Boy B．A Hundred Horses C．How to Catch a Bogle D．I Even Funnier：A Middle School Story B　[考查细节理解。 根据第二本书对目标读者的描述“Kids who like animals and nature will be sure to find this book exciting.”可知，喜欢动物和自然的孩子一定会发现这本书令人兴奋，故第二本书A Hundred Horses符合要求，即B项正确。]‎ ‎3．Who went through life challenges without losing heart?‎ A．Ophelia.　　　　　　　 B．Nell.‎ C．Birdie. D．Jamie.‎ D　[ 考查细节理解。根据文章对第四本书的简介“But Jamie keeps having a positive attitude and running after his goals.”可知，Jamie在失去父母寄居在亲戚家时依旧保持积极的态度，追求自己的梦想，故选D项。]‎ ‎4．In which section of a newspaper can we find such a passage?‎ A．Fashion. B．Literature.‎ C．Business. D．Local news.‎ B　[ 考查推理判断。 根据文章对四本书的介绍可知，这篇文章可能来自报纸的文学版块，即B项正确。 ]‎ ‎ 四 Today，we're sending Sally away for a week of summer camp. She never actually asked to go. It was all my idea to sign her up(报名)．She's nearly 12，and I notice that I'm with my child nearly 24 hours a day.‎ Living on a farm without any neighbors，I've chosen a life that is quieter than a typical family's. But rather than longing for space away from me，Sally has become increasingly dependent on my presence.‎ What frightens me most is that she has become a“minime”．She pursues my hobbies，my dreams and my opinions. And that's why I pulled her to the summer camp：a nearby wilderness camp called Hawk Circle.‎ After we ate，we drove to Hawk Circle. Once there，we got a tour of the grounds and were introduced to Sally's fellow campers. Sally stood by the group of children，holding my hand，horror in her eyes，trying to work up the courage to join in a game of soccer.‎ ‎“I need you for a few more minutes，”she told me，holding my hand tightly.‎ I pulled away and walked up to one of the camp workers.“Excuse me，” I said loudly，“I'd like to introduce my daughter to you. Maybe you could help her meet a few of these kids.”He came over to talk to Sally，and I kissed on her cheek and then my husband and I disappeared before Sally realized we were gone.‎ It was not until I drove home that I finally felt it. A piece of my soul had been taken from my body. I began to shake. Tears streamed down my face. It took every bit of my strength to keep driving forward.‎ When we arrived home，I calmed down and reminded myself why I chose this path. I want Sally to have a chance to find herself out of my shadow. I don't want to see only myself in my child. I want to learn who she is. After 12 years of constantly being together，I want to finally meet my daughter for the first time.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者送女儿去夏令营的故事，启迪人们：对孩子有时候要放手，让孩子独立成长。‎ ‎5．Why did the author sign her daughter up for the summer camp?‎ A．Camp training was something new to her daughter.‎ B．Her daughter had longed to go to the summer camp.‎ C．She expected her daughter to make some new friends.‎ D．She wanted to help build up her daughter's independence.‎ D　[考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句“And that's why I pulled her to the summer camp：a nearby wilderness camp called Hawk Circle.”和第二段最后一句“But rather than longing for space away from me，Sally has become increasingly dependent on my presence.”可推知，作者送女儿去夏令营的目的是想让她学会独立，不再对作者太依赖，这与文章最后一段内容呼应，故选D。]‎ ‎6．What happened when they arrived at the summer camp?‎ A．Sally enjoyed meeting her fellow campers very much.‎ B．Sally found the other campers were not easy to get along with.‎ C．Sally felt frightened but her parents left her with a camp worker.‎ D．Sally gathered the courage to join in a soccer game immediately.‎ C　[考查细节理解。根据第五段和第六段的内容可知，‎ 作者的女儿初去夏令营很害怕，紧紧抓住作者的手不放，作者把她交给夏令营的工作人员，然后走了，故选C。]‎ ‎7．How did the author feel after leaving the camp?‎ A．She was worried about her daughter's health.‎ B．She was regretful for sending her daughter away.‎ C．She was upset but confident of her right decision.‎ D．She was proud that she had done something correct.‎ C　[考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“I began to shake.Tears streamed down my face.It took every bit of my strength to keep driving forward.”可推知，作者送走女儿后很难过，但是觉得自己的决定是对的，这与最后一段的反思形成呼应，故选C。]‎ ‎8．What does the author intend to tell us in the passage?‎ A．Kids should often be exposed to summer camps.‎ B．Sometimes parents need to let go of their children.‎ C．Parents shouldn't influence their children too much.‎ D．Children are usually a real reflection of their parents.‎ B　[考查推理判断。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可推知，作者通过自己送女儿去夏令营的故事启迪人们：对孩子有时候要放手，让孩子独立成长。故选B。]‎ 五 ‎ “Stop all the rushing and screaming：too much excitement is bad for families. Kids are missing out on an essential life—relaxed down time，”says Dr. Charlotte Reznick.‎ ‎“Parents work，and kids do scheduled activities—there's little family time without pressure，”says Reznick，“One parent is taking the son to a soccer game，and the other parent is taking the daughter to her swim meet. Then there's the art class，baseball practice，extra tutoring，and more！By the time the family meet up for dinner，everyone is exhausted.”‎ All the rushing makes for a short temper. “When parents are reduced to shouting at their children to get them to listen，they lower their own selfesteem as ‎ well as losing the respect of their children，”says Dr. Carl Pickhardt.“While parents think it shows they're serious about what they're saying，they are really just showing helpless desperation at not getting their way.”‎ These days what kids are learning at school and from the outside is a lot greater than it used to be even just a generation ago.‎ ‎“The problem is that stress relieving activities—reading，taking walks or hot baths，watching the sunset and other activities are not even part of most kids' experience any more，”says Reznick.‎ ‎“There are so many more social interaction opportunities in our computer age，but not all of them promote meaningful connections，which is another potential outlet for stress，”she says.‎ One way to relieve stress is a simple technique called“the balloon breath”．It's a great way for everyone to become calm so that they can respond thoughtfully rather than just react.‎ Here's how to do it. Imagine a deflated(未充气的) balloon in your stomach—about two to three inches below your navel(肚脐)．Slowly breathe in to a count of 1...2...3... and feel the lower belly expand，and flatten as you slowly breathe out to a count of 1...2...3...‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了如何缓解孩子们的压力。‎ ‎9．What can we infer from the second paragraph?‎ A．Kids can hardly enjoy family time due to heavy burdens.‎ B．Saturday is the only leisurely day of the week for kids.‎ C．The life of kids is becoming rich due to extra classes.‎ D．Parents have no time on weekends to care for their kids.‎ A　[考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“By the time the family meet up for dinner，everyone is exhausted.”和本段的整体内容可推知，如今孩子们的负担沉重，几乎不能享受家庭时间，故选A。]‎ ‎10．What does Dr. Carl Pickhardt think of parents when they yell?‎ A．They have no selfconfidence.‎ B．They take what they say seriously.‎ C．They are always behaving like children.‎ D．They are less respected and seem desperate.‎ D　[考查细节理解。根据第三段的“losing the respect of their children”和最后一句“‘While parents think it shows they're serious about what they're saying，they are really just showing helpless desperation at not getting their way.’”可知，Dr.Carl Pickhardt认为，父母在大吼大叫时，孩子们对他们的尊重会减少，也显示出父母无助的绝望，故选D。]‎ ‎11．What is the function of “the balloon breath” according to the seventh paragraph?‎ A．To make one cool down.‎ B．To test one's patience.‎ C．To raise one's awareness.‎ D．To fill a balloon with air.‎ A　[考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的第二句“It's a great way for everyone to become calm so that they can respond thoughtfully rather than just react.”可知，这种方法的作用是使人们冷静下来，故选A。]‎ ‎12．What is the purpose of the author writing this passage?‎ A．To tell educators to be patient.‎ B．To advise parents not to make life too stressful for kids.‎ C．To encourage kids to pursue creativity.‎ D．To show that kids need patience and love from their parents.‎ B　[考查目的意图。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是如何缓解孩子们的压力，这是给父母们提出的建议，故选B。]‎ ‎ 六 When it comes to writing work emails，there are many rules to follow.In the past，people always wanted to come across as someone who's calm and professional，which workplace manners experts say means they wanted to hold back their love for emoticons(表情符号)while on the job.‎ But language is always changing，and a recent national survey in the US found that 76 percent of Americans said that they had used emoticons in digital communication at work. The most popular emoticon is the happy face.‎ Lindsey Pollak，a US career coach who works with Millennials(千禧一代)，has also noticed that emoticons have gone from being inappropriate for the workplace to being accepted. The reason behind this，according to her，is largely due to the changing of people in a particular age group of the workforce. Millennials are now the biggest generation in the American workforce.“A few years ago，emoticons were absolutely seen as very young and very personal，” Pollak said，“Over the past few years...I've seen emoticons become more acceptable.I see them more frequently not just from Millennials but from all generations at the workplace.”‎ ‎“People tend to use emoticons to just add that little bit of extra change in the tone when there's something awkward or potentially offensive，or when they might take in things in the wrong way，”explains Lauren Collister，a sociolinguist. In life and work，many of us have used emoticons to send positive atmosphere or soften statements.‎ Pollak，however，warns against being too casual at work. Her advice is to be aware of who the audience is.“Frankly，I wouldn't use a happy face with any CEO in the US.I wouldn't use a happy face with the people of a certain level no matter how commonplace and acceptable it has become，”she said，“You can make or break a relationship with one email these days.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。向我们介绍了表情符号在工作邮件中的使用越来越流行的原因以及人们对此要注意的方面。‎ ‎1．What does the author say about past working people?‎ A．They were calm and professional.‎ B．They used more serious emoticons.‎ C．They were not fond of emoticons.‎ D．They avoided using emoticons at the workplace.‎ D　[考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“they wanted to hold back their love for emoticons(表情符号)while on the job”可知，以前的职员在工作中抑制自己对表情符号的喜爱，即避免使用表情符号。故选D。根据第一段中的“people always wanted to come across as someone who's calm and professional”可排除A项。]‎ ‎2．What can people use emoticons to do at the workplace?‎ A．Make it personal to communicate.‎ B．Keep up with the trend of the times.‎ C．Show a positive attitude to the receiver.‎ D．Help them share their ideas and feelings.‎ C　[考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容可知，当尴尬或者可能冒犯别人的事情发生时，或者可能误解了某事时，人们往往会使用表情符号来稍微改变一下语气，传达积极的交流氛围或者让表达变得缓和。也就是说，在工作场合，人们可以通过表情符号来向接收者表达自己积极的态度。故选C。]‎ ‎3．What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A．Emoticons should be used with caution.‎ B．There are strict limitations on emoticon using.‎ C．All the US CEOs are against the use of emoticons.‎ D．Emoticons can greatly help bring people closer.‎ A　[考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Pollak，however，warns against being too casual at work.”“‘I wouldn't use a happy face with any CEO in the US.I wouldn't use a happy face with the people of a certain level’”“‘You can make or break a relationship with one email these days’”可知，人们在使用表情符号时要谨慎，要分场合分人，不能随意使用表情符号。]‎ ‎4．What's the writer's attitude towards the use of emoticons at work?‎ A．Subjective.　　　　　　 B．Objective.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Opposing.‎ B　[考查作者态度。纵观全文可知，作者既谈到了表情符号的流行及作用，也谈到了人们在使用表情符号时需要注意的地方。因此作者的态度是客观的，故选B。]‎ ‎ 七 The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years.In 1721，the printer James Franklin，Benjamin's older brother，started The New England Courant，and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure，articles on art，on famous people，and on all sorts of political subjects.‎ Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant，few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long. Newspaper companies are losing advertisers，readers and market value which would not have been imaginable just several years ago. The chief editor of the Times said recently，“At places where they gather，editors ask one another，‘How are you’as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case.” An article about the newspaper appeared on the website of The Guardian，under the headline “NOT DEAD YET”．‎ Perhaps not，but the rise of the Internet，which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world，has brought about a real sense of death. Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value in the past three years. The New York Times Company has seen its stock(股票)drop by 54%since the end of 2004，with much of the loss coming in the past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stockholders sell off their Times stock. The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education；its testing and testpreparation service now bring in at least half the company's income.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文由报纸起源引出传统报纸受到冲击的现状，但也指出有的报纸找到了其他出路。‎ ‎5．What can we learn about The New England Courant?‎ A．It is mainly about the stock market.‎ B．It carries articles by political leaders.‎ C．It remains a successful newspaper in America.‎ D．It marks the beginning of the American newspaper.‎ D　[考查细节理解。根据第一段的第二句“In 1721，the printer James Franklin... was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper.”可知，James Franklin创办的《新英格兰新闻报》标志着美国报业的开始，故D项正确。]‎ ‎6．What can we learn from the Times editor's words?‎ A．Editors are fond of health stories.‎ B．Newspapers face great difficulties.‎ C．Editors are friendly with each other.‎ D．Newspapers often deal with law cases.‎ B　[考查推理判断。根据第二段的“The chief editor of the Times said recently，‘...lost law case.’”可知，《泰晤士报》的主编说，每次编辑们碰面时总是互相问候“你怎么样了”，似乎他们刚从医院回来或是刚输了一场官司；据此可以判断，报纸正面临着严重的困难，故B项正确。]‎ ‎7．Which newspaper seems to have found a new way for its development?‎ A．The Washington Post.‎ B．The Guardian.‎ C．The New York Times.‎ D．The New England Courant.‎ A　[考查细节理解。根据本文最后一句“The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble...company's income.”可知《华盛顿邮报》通过改变部分内容的方法带来了至少一半的收入，故A项正确。]‎ ‎8．How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers?‎ A．Cheerful. B．Hopeful.‎ C．Worried. D．Confused.‎ C　[考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了报纸从起源到现在面临的困难——互联网的冲击。作者表达了自己对未来报业的担忧，故C项正确。]‎ ‎[干扰项分析]　A项意为“快乐的”，B项意为“有希望的”，D项意为“困惑的”，都与文意不符。‎ 八 I told my friend Graham that I often cycle two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route. He replied，“You mean fortunately.”He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.‎ My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my ‎ friend. Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.‎ Problems are there to be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote，“The character cannot be developed with ease. Only through experiences of suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved.”‎ One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity. From time to time we all face hardships，problems，accidents and difficulties. Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own. While we cannot choose adversity，we can choose our attitude towards it.‎ Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during the war. He said，“Don't listen to anyone who tells you that you can't do this or that. That's nonsense. Make up your mind，and you'll never use crutches or a stick，and then have a go at everything. Go to school，and join in all the games you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never，never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”‎ The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced. The common thread is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude. They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won.Nevertheless，there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”骑自行车去镇中心时要经过山地，“我”经历了从开始的抱怨到将山地当作锻炼契机的过程。人生之旅也是如此，我们要有战胜生活中的艰难的勇气。‎ ‎9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage?‎ A．Those who want to achieve success can't expect to live an easy life.‎ B．Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.‎ C．Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to people's health.‎ D．People's attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success.‎ A　[考查推理判断。根据第三段的第二句“We cannot achieve anything with an easy life.”可知，简单容易的生活不会使我们取得成功；据此可以推断，想要成功就不要期望过容易的生活，故A项正确。]‎ ‎10．By quoting what Douglas Bader said，the author intends to tell us “ ”．‎ A．Failure is the mother of success B．A bad workman quarrels with his tools C．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try D．If you risk nothing，you will have nothing C　[考查目的意图。根据第五段Douglas Bader所讲的“‘Make up your mind，and you'll never use crutches or a stick，and then have a go at everything... impossible.’”可知，Douglas Bader认为面对困难应当勇敢尝试，不要听信别人所言的太困难或不可能，没有什么克服不了的困难；据此可以判断，作者引用Douglas Bader的话旨在说明，对于勇于尝试的人来说，世界上没有克服不了的困难。故C项正确。]‎ ‎11．Following this passage，the author will further talk about ．‎ A．how his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he faced B．why it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble C．what steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face D．what great people have in common C　[考查推理判断。根据文章最后一句“Nevertheless，there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.”可知，如何改变面对困难的态度仍然是一个问题；据此可以判断，下文将就此问题作进一步的阐述。故C项正确。]‎ ‎12．Which of the following can best function as the title of the passage?‎ A．Different attitudes towards misfortune B．Face difficulties with a smile C．Nothing is impossible D．Life is full of adversity B　[考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文作者通过叙述将骑自行车经过的山地视为锻炼的机会及Helen Keller和Douglas Bader的故事说明，成功的关键是面对困难的积极态度。故B项最能概括主题。]‎ ‎ 九 Tyler was born infected with HIV and his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life，he was dependent on medications(药物)to enable him to survive. When he was five，he had a tube surgically(外科手术上)inserted in a vein(静脉)in his chest. This tube was connected to a pump，which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medications were connected to this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times，he also needed supplemented oxygen to support his breathing.‎ Tyler wasn't willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard，wearing his backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon(小推车)．All of us who knew Tyler were amazed at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him. Tyler's mom often made jokes on him by telling him that he moved so fast she needed to dress him in red. That way，when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard，she could quickly spot him.‎ This terrible disease eventually wore him down. He grew quite ill and，unfortunately，so did his HIVinfected mother. When it became clear that he wasn't going to survive，Tyler's mom talked to him about death. She comforted Tyler by telling him that she was dying too，and that she would be with him soon in heaven.‎ A few days before his death，Tyler beckoned(召唤)me over to his hospital bed and whispered，“I might die soon. I'm not scared. When I die，please dress me in red. Mom promised she's coming to heaven，too. I'll be playing when she gets there，and I want to make sure she can find me.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了身患重病的孩子勇敢面对病魔积极拥抱生活的故事。‎ ‎1．Why did Tyler wear a backpack on his back when he was young?‎ A．Because his mother gave it to him as a gift.‎ B．Because he had no right to choose but to wear it.‎ C．Because he wanted to be different from other kids.‎ D．Because there was a pump in it，which could help with his disease.‎ D　[考查细节理解。根据第一段最后三句“This tube was connected to a pump，which he carried in a small backpack on his back.Medications were connected to this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream.At times，he also needed supplemented oxygen to support his breathing.”可知，Tyler小时候要背一个背包是因为里面装了一个泵，泵里是有助于治疗他疾病的药物，故选D。]‎ ‎2．Tyler asked the writer to dress him in red when he died in order to ．‎ A．show red is his favorite color B．see the writer again in the hospital C．make his mother recognize him easily D．persuade his mother to keep her promise C　[考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“‘I'll be playing when she gets there，and I want to make sure she can find me.’”可知，Tyler让作者给他穿红衣服是想确保妈妈在天堂里可以找到他。 ]‎ ‎3．What's Tyler's attitude towards death?‎ A．Excited.　　　　　　 B．Fearful.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Optimistic.‎ D　[考查推理判断。根据最后一段的整体内容可推知，Tyler并不畏惧死亡，而是希望妈妈到天堂后可以通过衣服的颜色很快认出来他，故选D，意为“乐观的”。]‎ ‎4．What does the writer want to tell us by writing this passage?‎ A．Even a child can teach us a lot.‎ B．Patients should be treated with respect.‎ C．People should have great courage to face the problems.‎ D．We should try our best to help those who are infected with HIV.‎ C　[考查写作目的。根据文章的整体内容可知，本文讲述了一个身患重病的孩子勇敢面对病魔，积极乐观地生活的故事。作者很受感动，想通过本文告诉读者要勇敢面对挫折，故选C。]‎ 十 I felt like I had clicked my heels three times and come to a country away from home every morning as I walked through the doors at the Embassy of Australia in Washington. Musical Aussie accents and Aboriginal art exhibits made me wonder if I had entered without a visa. In fact I was a temporary employee，a public affairs unpaid intern(实习生)for three months during the summer in order to engage myself in the culture of the country where I planned to study the next spring.‎ During the summer I read the Australian news every day. Working at the embassy allowed me to escape the U．S. for six hours per day and learn about what was going on across the planet. After reading the daily Australian and U．S.news I usually helped prepare a PowerPoint presentation for school kids who visited the embassy as part of a school activity. Depending on whether an embassy event was going on，I would attend weekly meetings to listen to planning and see what I could do to help. Usually there were smaller tasks to be done such as creating visitors' guides.‎ The most fantastic event in which I participated was the visit of the Australian Prime Minister. As the only American among countless Australian media and staff，I felt comfortable and was kept busy taking pictures and recording doorstop interviews at famous sites such as the Capitol. As an intern，you will not be exposed to topsecret information，but you are on the inside when it comes to special events.‎ Government work is a useful addition to one's experience. As an embassy employee you will gain invaluable knowledge while spending your summer in a culturally diverse workplace.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了要到澳大利亚学习提前在位于华盛顿的澳大利亚驻美国大使馆实习的经历。‎ ‎5．What is the author talking about?‎ A．Her embassy internship.‎ B．Her trouble in finding a job.‎ C．Her foreign culture experience.‎ D．Her preparation for future employment.‎ A　[考查主旨大意。根据全文大意可知，作者主要讲述了她在位于华盛顿的澳大利亚驻美国大使馆实习的经历。]‎ ‎6．Why was the author in the Embassy of Australia for three months?‎ A．To apply for a visa.‎ B．To prepare to study in Australia.‎ C．To record musical Aussie accents.‎ D．To appreciate Aboriginal art exhibits.‎ B　[考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句中的“in order to engage myself in the culture of the country where I planned to study the next spring”可知，作者实习的原因是让自己融入澳大利亚的文化中，因为明年春天她要去那里学习，故答案为B。]‎ ‎7．What was the author forbidden to do when the Australian Prime Minister visited America?‎ A．Record doorstop interviews.‎ B．Know topsecret information.‎ C．Take pictures of special events.‎ D．Stand among the Australian staff.‎ B　[考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“you will not be exposed to topsecret information”可知，实习生不会接触到绝密信息，故选B。]‎ ‎8．What can we infer about the author's daily routine at the Embassy?‎ A．It is tiring. B．It is boring.‎ C．It is exciting. D．It is relaxing.‎ C　[考查推理判断。根据第三段第一句中的“The most fantastic event”以及最后一段中的“a useful addition”和“gain invaluable knowledge”可知，作者对这次经历的描述是非常积极和正面的，因此可以推断出，在大使馆工作是令作者兴奋的。]‎