【英语】2019届二轮复习短文改错4步曲—再看句法定语从句的突破（3页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习短文改错4步曲—再看句法定语从句的突破（3页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习短文改错4步曲—再看句法定语从句的突破 技法一 ‎ 明确定语从句类型，关系词要分清 ‎(一)确定先行词人或物，辨别关系词成分 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They also had a small pond which they raised fish. ‎ 解析：which→where或which前加in　本句是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是pond，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，相当于in which，故which改为where或在其前加in。‎ ‎2. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. ‎ 解析：they→that/which　分析句子结构可知， the things是先行词，其后是定语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故引导词应用that或which。‎ ‎3．(2016·四川高考)The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite. ‎ 解析：what→that/which或去掉what　先行词为The dishes，且定语从句中cooked后缺少宾语，故应用that或which引导定语从句，因其在从句中作宾语，也可省略关系代词。‎ ‎4．(2018·陕西西安八校联考)I am a 25yearold young man which graduated from the Foreign Languages Department of Jilin University. ‎ 解析：which→who/that　本句中含有定语从句，先行词为man，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。‎ ‎5．There are many people think that wealth is better than health. ‎ 解析：think前加who或think→thinking　分析句子结构可知，people后为定语从句，先行词为many people，故用who引导该定语从句；因many people和think之间是主谓关系，也可以用现在分词thinking作many people的后置定语。‎ ‎6．(2018·湖北武汉高三调考)At noon, we play Room Escape, an interesting game what challenged our IQ and teamwork. ‎ 解析：what→that/which　此定语从句中先行词是game，引导词代替先行词并在句中作主语，故用that或which。‎ ‎7．He thanked me and jumped quickly in his car and drove off, keeping the disabled parking space free for someone needed it. ‎ 解析：someone后加who　someone后的部分为定语从句，修饰someone，指人，应用who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。‎ ‎8．(2018·吉林省吉大附中模拟)From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge helps us to seek the truth. ‎ 解析：bridge后加that/which　分析句子结构可知，本句主语为I，谓语为have learnt，that引导宾语从句，作learnt的宾语，can serve为宾语从句的谓语，与helps之间无连词连接，由此可判断，bridge后为定语从句，先行词为bridge，指物，在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导该从句。‎ ‎(二)搞清限制与非限制 ‎9．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. ‎ 解析：that→which　分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代their garden，应用which。‎ ‎10．Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night. ‎ 解析：that→which　that不能引导非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语应用which。‎ ‎11．This woman has set a good example to her son, whom is a really lucky guy. ‎ 解析：whom→who　分析句子结构可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为her son，关系代词在从句中作主语，故用who。‎ ‎12．One day, Margaret told me her grandma was coming and her parents would want my basement room back, what didn’t surprise me. ‎ 解析：what→which　分析句子结构可知，应用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容，且在从句中作主语。‎ ‎13．Altogether I had five roommates, two of which arrived later. ‎ 解析：which→whom　分析句子结构可知，应用whom引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，修饰先行词five roommates。‎ ‎14．(2018·江西五校第一次联考)Above all, they hosted an American student last year, through that they gained lots of experience. ‎ 解析：that→which　在定语从句中，介词后跟关系代词which/whom。结合语境可知，关系词表示前面整件事，故将that改为which。‎ ‎15．(2018·湖北八校第一次联考)Finally, it is necessary for us to do some housework, that can help our parents a lot. ‎ 解析：that→which　分析句子结构可知，housework后的句子为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代主句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故用which引导该定语从句。‎