2020届二轮复习 代词 课件（36张）

2020届二轮复习 代词 课件（36张）

2020 届二轮复习 代词 We ［ 1 ］ students should get on well with each other ［ 2 ］ . But in fact, something unpleasant can happen from time to time. For example, yesterday afternoon, it ［ 3 ］ was fine. All ［ 4 ］ of us went out to the playground. Some were playing games and others ［ 5 ］ were playing football when two boys of us quarreled and then fought. Every one ［ 6 ］ of us was confused because they were ever very good friends and nobody ［ 7 ］ could exactly tell what ［ 8 ］ they fought for. 熟读深思 Neither ［ 9 ］ of them wanted to give in to the other ［ 10 ］ . I thought it ［ 11 ］ wrong of them to do so. So I tried to tell them ［ 12 ］ that we should put ourselves ［ 13 ］ in others’ shoes, but both ［ 14 ］ of them were too angry to calm down. It ［ 15 ］ was not until our head teacher came that they parted. In my opinion, it ［ 16 ］ is necessary for us to calm down and solve problems that we meet. Only those ［ 17 ］ who can easily forgive and forget will get a more comfortable life. 汉语译文： 我们学生之间应当和睦相处，但事实上，一些不愉快的事也时有发生。例如，昨天下午，天气很好，我们都出去操场上。一些人在做游戏，另一些人在踢足球，突然我们中有两个男生吵架了，后来还打了起来。我们每个人都感到困惑，因为他们是很要好的朋友。也没有人能准确知道他们是为什么事打架。他们谁也不愿屈服于另一方。我认为他们这样做是不对的。因此，我试图告诉他们我们要设身处地为对方着想，但两个人都非常生气，安静不下来。直到我们的班主任来了，他们才分开。我认为，冷静下来处理我们遇到的问题是非常必要的。只有那些宽容的人才能过得更安逸。 1. We 是人称代词主格 , 在本句中作主语。 2. each other 与 one another 两个叫相互代词 , 在句中只能作及物动词或介词的宾语。在正式英语里 , 前者指两者 , 后者指三者或以上 , 但在现代英语里实际没有这种区别。本句中的 each other 作介词 with 的宾语。 3. it 指天气。 4. all 不定代词，在本句中作主语。 5. some…others… 是固定句式，表示“一些人 …… 另一些人 ……” 。 6. every one 不定代词，在本句中作主语 , 注意 , every one 常接 of 短语，但 everyone (=everybody) 不与 of 短语连用。 7. nobody (=no one) 表示“没有一个人”，在本句中作主语。若与 of 短语连用，则要用 none ，如 None of them has /have been there. 他们中没有一个人去过那里。 8. what 疑问代词，意为“什么”，在宾语从句中作 fought for 的宾语。 9. neither 指两者中的“没有一个”，在本句中作主语。 10. the other 特指两者中的“另外一个”，在本句中作介词 to 的宾语。 11. it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 12. them 是人称代词的宾格，在句中作宾语。 13. ourselves 是反身代词，在本句中作 put 的宾语。反身代词在句中一般作宾语，也可作主语或宾语的同位语。 14. both 表示“两者都”，在本句中作主语。 15. it 用于构成强调结构， it was not until…that… 意为“直到 …… 才 ……” 。 16. it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。 17. those 表示“那些人”，相当于 those people 。 1. 语法填空的纯空格题，重点考查人称代词，其次是不定代词以及作形式主语或形式宾语的 it 。 2. 在给词题中，可能给出人称代词，要求考生填其物主代词或反身代词，也可能是给主格填宾格。 3. 在短文改错中，考查上下文人称不一致，单复数不一致，性别不一致，以及人称代词的格的误用等。 代词与高考 解这类题时注意以下几点： 1. 纯空格的语法填空题，当句子缺主语或宾语时，填代词。因为在句中充当主语或宾语的应是名词或代词，而在语法填空的纯空格中是不要求考生填名词的，所以只要句子缺少主语或宾语，就该填代词。 2. 在确定填代词后，再根据语境，弄清所缺主语或宾语具体指代上文或下文中的具体内容，结合上述几种代词的不同意义和用法，确定填具体哪个代词。在选择代词时，我们要从人称、性别、数量等方面进行考虑，是指代人还是指代物，是男还是女，是单数还是复数。 3. 熟记一些习惯的搭配，如 some…others, those who…, by myself 等。 灵活运用 一、单句填空 1. Half of _______ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friends to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears. 作介词 of 的宾语，应填代词；由句意可知，是指在 16 个国家所调查的“那些人”中 , 有一半说他们首先去找最亲密的朋友分享他们内心深处的愿望和恐惧；指“那些人”，用 those 。 those 2. At our factory there are a few machines similar to _______ described in this magazine. 2. 作介词 to 的宾语 , 应填代词；后面的 described in this magazine 是过去分词作定语 , 所填代词应替代复数名词 the machines, 即这本杂志中所描述的机器，故填 those 。 those 3. The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than ______ on the small ones. 在连词 than 后应填代词，作主语；替代前面不可数名词 the traffic 。 4. I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like _______ of them very much. 作 don’t like 的宾语，应填代词；指这两者中“任何一个”都不喜欢。 that either 5. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost ______ of her enthusiasm for life. 作 lost 的宾语，应填代词； none of+ 不可数名词表示“一点也没有”。 none 6. It’s an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do ______. 作 do 的宾语，应填代词；由 or 可知，只能是两者中任选一种，不能做这两件事，即部分否定，是 not…both 。 both 7. ________ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it. 缺主语，填代词；由 he 可知是指人，由句意可知是指“没有任何人”。 8. This project requires close teamwork. ________ will be achieved unless we work well together. 缺主语 , 填代词 ; 由句意“这项工作需要团队合作。如果我们不一起把工作做好，就不会有所成就”可知，填 nothing 。 achieve nothing 没有成就，一事无成。 Nobody Nothing 9. If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand, could you get ______ for me? 在 get 后作宾语，应填代词；指代“ a/an+ 单数可数名词 (a paper)” ，应填 one 。 10. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but _______ of them wants to, because they have work to do. 在 but 后的分句中作主语，应填代词；由 but 可知， Bill 和 Peter 两个人都不想去，指“两者都不”，用 neither 。 one neither 11. We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ______ based on your own interests. 作 choose 的宾语，应填代词；指根据你的兴趣，在各种夏令营中选择一种，即指代 “ a summer camp” ，用 one 。 12. To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ________. 作 order 的宾语，应填代词；指代“另外一杯”，用 another 。 one another 13. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ____. 作 increase 的宾语，应填代词；指代前面的 the employment rate ，代替“ the + 单数名词”，表示“同一”件事或物时，用 it 。 14. Why don’t you bring ____ to his attention that you’re too ill to work on? 作 bring 的宾语，应填代词；作形式宾语用 it ，真正的宾语是后面的 that 从句。 it it 15. The two girls are so alike that strangers find ____ difficult to tell one from the other. 作 find 的宾语，应填代词；作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式 to tell… ，故填 it 。 16. We feel ___ our duty to make our country a better place. 在 feel 后作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，故填 it 。 it it 17. Then I realized I didn’t even know her name. I asked all of my professors but _______ knew her name. 因 but 后的并列句中缺主语，应填代词；根据前面语境，根据转折 but 可以推出：“我”问了“我” 所有的教授，但是没有人知道她的名字。故填 nobody 。 nobody 18. I smiled a big smile and ___ worked a little, really. 因 and 后的并列句中缺主语，应填代词；由句意或前后逻辑可知，应填 it ，指代前文中的 I smiled a big smile 。 it 19. I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax ______. 因 relax oneself 意为“放松自己”。 20. At that moment an attractive young lady, who noticed my book, came up to me and introduced _______. 因 introduce oneself 意为“自我介绍”。 myself herself 二、语篇填空 在空格处填入一个适当的词。 An old man and his son were taking a donkey to the market. The man rode the donkey and the son walked behind 1 ___. A man saw them and asked the son why 2 ___ wasn’t riding the donkey. Then the father let 3 ____ ride it. 4 _______ man saw them and told 5 _____ that they should 6 ______ ride the donkey. So 7 ______both got on it. it he him Another them both they A woman who saw them said, “Tell 8 _____, why are you both riding that poor animal ？ 9____ looks so weak and tired. 10 _____are so cruel ！” Then ， the father and son got off the donkey and started carrying it across a bridge. When they were halfway across the bridge ， the donkey struggled loose and fell into the river. me It You 这是一则寓言故事，讲述的是没有主见的父子二人骑驴去赶集的故事，目的是劝人要有主见。 1. it 指代前面的 the donkey 。 2. he 指代前面的 the son ，在宾语从句中作主语，用主格。 3. him 指 his son ，作 let 的宾语，用宾格。 4. Another 泛指的“另一个”人。 5. them 指代 the father 和 his son ，作 told 的宾语。 6. both 作主语 they 的同位语，指这对父子“两人都”应骑在驴背上。 7. they 指代 the father 和 his son ，作主语。 8. me 与后面的 you( 你 ) 相对，应是 me( 我 ) 。 9. It 指前面的 that poor animal 。 10. You 由前面的 you both 可知。 三、单句改错 1. The doctor advised Vera strongly to take a holiday, but he didn’t help. he→ it 指代医生向 Vera 提的建议，用 it 。 2. The chairman thought that necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. that→ it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语为 to invite…meeting 这个动词不定式短语。 3. The book is of great value. Everything can be enjoyed unless you digest it. Everything→ Nothing 句意：这本书很有价值。如果你不认真读 , 你就无法从中得到乐趣。 4. If our parents do everything for us children, we won’t learn to depend on us. us→ ourselves 反指主语 we 用 ourselves 。 depend on oneself 自力更生。 5. Neither side is prepared to talk to other unless we can smooth things over between them. 在 other 前加 the 指“两者中的另一个，对方”用 the other 。事实上， other 本身是不能单独用的，后面一定要有名词，否则，前面必有 the, each ；但 others 可单独作代词用，泛指“别人或别的事物”。 the 6. Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made her almost an overcoat for her. made her→ made itself 反指主语 Susan’s beautiful hair 。句意：令人惊叹的是， Susan 美丽的长发垂到她的膝盖下面，就像一件外套似的。 7. New technologies have made them possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost. them→ it 作为形式主语，代替动词不定式短语 to turn out…cost 。 8. Those who smoke heavily should remind them of health, the bad smell and the feelings of other people. them→ themselves 用 themselves 反指主语 those 。句意：那些烟瘾很大的人应该提醒自己注意健康、难闻的气味以及他人的感受。 9. The film that I saw it yesterday is interesting. 去掉 it 关系代词 that 已经代替 film 在从句中作宾语了， it 多余。 10. With Mr. Smith to teach our English, our spoken English will be improved. our→ us 由 teach sb. sth.( 教某人某东西 ) 可知 teach 后接双宾语。 11. I think the dog owners should be aware that his dogs have caused damage to the environment. his→ their 因指狗的主人要明白“他们的” 狗给环境造成的损害。 12. On hearing this, the young man’s face turned red and she immediately threw the cigarette into the dust bin in the bus. she→ he 指代 the young man 。 13. My teachers often encourage we to take after-class activities. we→ us 作 encourage 的宾语要用宾格。 14. A man came in and asked who was monitor of our class. I told him that myself was monitor. 在 myself 前加 I 因为反身代词不能单独作主语，但可作主语的同位语。 I Thank you !