专题10+定语从句-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2018高考精品系列之英语

专题10+定语从句-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2018高考精品系列之英语

专题10 定语从句（解析版）‎ ‎【2018年高考命题预测】‎ 高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。‎ ‎ 预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。‎ ‎【考点定位】2018考纲解读和近几年考点分布 （1） 考纲要求 ‎ 定语从句是高考的热点，对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词；2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词；3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；4.介词+关系代词的用法；5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断；6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。‎ （2） 命题规律 一、主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。‎ 二、高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。‎ ‎【考点pk】 名师考点透析 考点1：关系代词一览表 关系词 先行词 从句 成分 例句 备注 关系代词 who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?‎ whom,‎ ‎ which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith i s the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..‎ whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history.‎ The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. ‎ that 人，物 主语 宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.‎ She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.‎ which 物 主语 宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth 10.‎ The picture which was about the accident was terrible.‎ as 人，物 主语 宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us.‎ This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. ‎ as做宾语一般不省略 关系副词 when 时间 时间 状语 I will never forget the day when we met there.‎ 可用on which where 地点 地点 状语 This is the house where I was born.‎ 可用in which why 原因 原因 状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.‎ 可用for which 考点2：that与which，who，whom的用法区别 that和which的用法区别:‎ 在定语从句中，关系代词which和 that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得注意：‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用that。如：‎ This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。‎ ‎(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。如：‎ Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。‎ ‎(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that。如：‎ This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。 ‎ ‎ (3) 先行词为代词that或that所修饰时，只能用which。如：‎ I don’t take that which is too expensive. 我不要太贵的那一个。‎ who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解:‎ 在定语从句中，关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物，在一般情况下，可以互换使用，但在下列情况下值得注意：‎ 一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形 ‎(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时，只能用who (whom)。如：‎ My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this ‎ Christmas. 我姐姐，她在国外学习，就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。‎ ‎(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时，只能用who (whom)。如：‎ Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗？‎ ‎(3) 当先行词为people和those时，只能用who (whom)。如：‎ Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。‎ ‎(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时，只能用who (whom)。如：‎ Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。‎ ‎(5) 先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用who。如：‎ The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。‎ 二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形 ‎(1) 当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：‎ The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 在为我们队踢足球的最高哪个运动员来自山东。‎ ‎(2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very形容词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：‎ He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 他是唯一的一个对老师说“不”的学生 ‎(3) 当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时，引导词只能用that。如：‎ Who is woman that you talked with just now? 刚才跟你谈话的那位妇女是谁？‎ ‎(4) the same as与the same that the same as所引导定语从句的内容与先行词同类而不同物；the same that表示所引导的从句内容与先行词同类同物，即：同一事物。如：‎ She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着我几天前所丢失的上衣。(暗含：她偷了我的上衣) ‎ She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着跟我几天前所丢失的上衣同样的上衣。(暗含：她所穿的上衣不是我所丢失的那一件)‎ 考点3 关系副词引导的定语从句 ‎1、关系副词一览表 关系副词 when 时间 时间 状语 I will never forget the day when we met there.‎ 可用on which where 地点 地点 状语 This is the house where I was born.‎ 可用in which why 原因 原因 状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.‎ 可用for which ‎②He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane．他发现他陷入了危险的境地，他有可能会失去对飞机的控制。‎ ‎1．概述 ‎“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式文体，使用的关系代词一般是which，whom，它既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句。常见的有以下几种结构：‎ ‎(1)介词+关系代词 Mandela was the black lawyer to whom 1 went for advice．=Mandela was the black lawyer ‎ whom 1 went to for advice．曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。‎ ‎(2)名词/代词/数词+介词+关系代词 ‎①Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，three of which were English novels．=Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，of which three were English novels．上个星期天，我从书店买回几本书，其中三本是英文小说。‎ ‎②He wrote a book，the name of which I’ve completely forgotten．他写了一本书，书名我完全给忘记了。‎ ‎③The old man has two daughters．both of whom are doctors．那位老人有两个女儿，她们都是医生。‎ ‎(3)形容词最高级+介词+关系代词 China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan．中国有成千上万的岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。‎ ‎(4)介词+关系代词+名词 I called him by the wrong name．for which mistake I apologized．我叫错了他的名字，为此我向他表示了歉意。(不能使用whose)‎ ‎2．关系代词的选择 用于”介词+关系代词”结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom，指物时只能用which，即介词+which/whom。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【三年高考】 15、16、17高考试题及其解析 ‎2017年高考题 ‎【2017·北京卷】31. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.‎ A. that B. as C. where D. when ‎ ‎【答案】A 考点：考查定语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。‎ ‎1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。‎ eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.‎ ‎ The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.‎ ‎2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。‎ ‎ 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。‎ e.g. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.‎ I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.‎ ‎ The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.‎ ‎3. 非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。‎ ‎4. 作介词宾语的关系代词 ‎ 在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。‎ e.g. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.‎ ‎ Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.‎ The room in which my family live used to be a garage.‎ ‎【2017·江苏】28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.‎ A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom ‎ ‎【答案】C 考点：考查定语从句 ‎【2017·天津】9. My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.‎ A. that B. whose C. his D. who ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 句意：我的最大儿子，他的工作带他去全世界，现在在纽约。本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是my eldest son, 根据句意和空后名词，确定引导词做定语，在定语从句中只有引导词whose修饰名词做定语，意为：...的...。故选B。‎ 考点：考查定语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whom, as， who在句中做主语，宾语，表语;whose做定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]‎ Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70.________ is not good for the health.‎ ‎70. which　考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的to have too much of both，即“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]‎ But Sarah, 64.________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65.________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.‎ ‎64. who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空后面是一个定语从句，缺少连接词，代指先行词Sarah, 在从句中作主语，故填who。‎ ‎65. to prove　考查动词不定式。want to do sth为固定搭配，故用动词不定式。‎ ‎[2017·浙江卷6月考]‎ Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63.________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64.________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.‎ ‎63. swept 　考查过去分词。此处是get done结构，表示被动，意为“被扫进了垃圾堆”。‎ ‎64. where　考查定语从句。此处先行词是the garden，在从句中充当地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]‎ In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden，that is on the rooftop of their house.‎ ‎3. interesting改为interested　考查形容词用法。张家夫妇对种菜感兴趣。‎ ‎4. that改为which　考查定语从句。该处前有逗号，后句为非限制性定语从句，故用which。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]‎ Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time:‎ ‎6. picture前加this/the　考查限定词。根据语境可知这张照片是上文提到的照片，是特指，故需要用限定词this/the修饰。‎ ‎7. they→that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，前面的倒装句“Around me in the picture are the things…”是一个单句，而后面的“…they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.”也是一个单句，在这种情况下，要么在两个单句之间用并列连词连接，要么把后面这个单句变为从句。从句意上看，这里变为定语从句更为合理，故把they改为that/which。‎ ‎2016年高考题 ‎【单项填空】‎ ‎1.【2016·北京】22. I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.‎ A. whose B. why C. where D. which ‎【答案】A 考点：考查定语从句 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。‎ ‎1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。‎ eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.‎ ‎ The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.‎ ‎2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。‎ ‎ 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。‎ eg. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.‎ I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.‎ ‎ The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.‎ ‎3. 非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。‎ ‎4. 作介词宾语的关系代词 ‎ 在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。‎ eg. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.‎ ‎ Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.‎ ‎ The room in which my family live used to be a garage.‎ ‎8.【2016·江苏】23.Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.‎ A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those ‎【答案】C ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎“of whom / which”引导的定语从句：在非限制性定语从句中，先行词作为一个整体，表示整体中的一部分，即表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以。但与表示所属关系不同，这里不能用whose来代替of which。‎ 一、表示整体中的部分 The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。‎ I picked up the apples, some of which were badly bruised. 我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。‎ I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box. 我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。‎ There are two bottles left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which is not quite. 只剩两瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶没完全喝完。‎ The treasure some of which has been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum. 这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。‎ 二、表示所属关系 He’s written a book, the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我忘了。‎ 句中的the name of which=whose name。‎ It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered. 这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。‎ 句中的the details of which=whose details。‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎ ‎12.【2016·天津】9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.‎ ‎ A. that B. where C. which D. when ‎【答案】D 考点：考查定语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。‎ ‎16.【2016·浙江】11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.‎ A. whom B. which C. what D. that ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明了。使用定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句中用代词+介词+关系代词which引导。故选B。‎ 考点：考查定语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。如果是代词+of+关系代词，注意先行词是人用whom，先行词是物用which。‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. ‎ ‎64. to 考查介词。固定短语：go back to “回到”。‎ ‎65.‎ ‎ when考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少状语，因为先行词是时间，故填when。‎ ‎66. permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰的名词和permit之间是被动关系，用过去分词。‎ ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritiest ‎.8.what---that/which(或去掉what) 此处考查引导定语从句的关系代词。句意：我做的菜是妈妈最喜欢的。The dishes 做先行词，指物，定语从句缺少引导词，从句缺少宾语，可知引导词在定语从句中作宾语，故把what---that/which(或去掉what)。‎ ‎9.favoritest---favorite “favorite”本身就是“最喜欢”，故把favoritest---favorite。‎ ‎2015年高考题 ‎1.【2015·湖南】29.It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages..‎ ‎ A. as B. where C. that D. which ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查定语从句关系代词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题旨在考查定语从句中的关系词，要求学生掌握在什么情况下用关系副词，什么情况下用关系代词以及各自的意义。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎2.【2015·北京】24.Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.‎ A. which B.that C.when D.where ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查学生对非限制性定语从句的掌握情况，做题之前先看到句子中间有没有逗号，逗号是非限制性定语从句的标志。然后再看句子中缺不缺成份，在定语从句中从句主语宾语都不缺少时，应该考虑关系副词，所以学生需要记住这种方法。‎ ‎3.【2015·重庆】14. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.‎ A. whom B. which C. them D. that ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查定语从句。 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】定语从句有一种介词+关系代词，用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词，不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系副词或介词+关系代词，而及物动词后接宾语，则要求关系代词。Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to?此类定语从句，首先从先行词入手，确实主语是人还是物，再根据定语从句缺少的成分来辨别到底用哪个引导词。‎ ‎4.【2015·浙江】19. Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.‎ A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：创造一种雇员感觉是其中一员的氛围是一个大的挑战。这是一个定语从句，in the atmosphere “在氛围中”是一个固定搭配。此处也可以是where.‎ ‎ 分析句子结构和结合四个选项，知道在这里面所需要填的是连词。然后空格之前是一个名词，这种情况首先考虑的是定语从句。然后分析之后的句子是具备完整的结构（有了主语employees和宾语part of a team）所以这应该是需要一个充当状语的连词，如where, when , why. 由于when用于时间，Why用于原因，剩下的使用where，所以这里填where。但是答案没有这个选项，根据搭配介词+which=where 及in atmosphere 是固定搭配，不难得出答案。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查定语从句介词加which的用法。‎ ‎【名师点睛】解答此题需要能够看出这是一个定语从句的结构名词+连词+句子，也需要分析从句的句子成分。关系词的选择，最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词，如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where，同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现"介词+关系代词"。先行词指物，用"介词+which"，指人则用"介词+whom"， 且两个关系代词均不能省略，介词的选择要遵循两个原则： 1.根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定。2.根据先行词特殊用法而定。‎ ‎5.【2015·天津】15 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.‎ A. where B. which C. when D. who ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查定语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需要牢牢抓住两点：第一、找准先行词。第二、看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。‎ ‎6.【2015·四川】3.The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.‎ A．which B. what C. whose D. that ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查定语从句 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句中关系词的选择。本句主要考查了关系代词whose的用法，whose在定语从句中担当定语，和其后的名词之间存在所有关系，还是比较容易判断的。此题中如果在covers之前加上定冠词the，则需要用of+which结构。即此题等同于：The books on the desk, of which the covers are shiny, are prizes for us.‎ ‎7.【2015·陕西】15. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.‎ A. which B. where C. whom D. when ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查定语从句 ‎【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。要分析句子成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。‎ ‎8.【2015·福建】34.China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. ‎ A. who B. whom C. that D. Which ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句 ‎【名师点睛】关系词的选择，最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词，如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where，同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。Which在非限制性定语从句中通常是代指前面整个句子或者一个较长的词语，并且在从句中做主语。‎ ‎9.【2015·江苏】21.The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.‎ A. it B. which C. what D. as ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅（过去）一年就减少了17%。as引导的非限制性定语从句位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句话。故选D项。考生容易误选B项which，把逗号前面的the number of smokers看成先行词，后面非限制性定语从句用which引导。殊不知，这里关系代词指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整个一句话。另外，as和which在定语从句都可以指代一句话，但前者有“正如……”的意思，后者则没有。还可以抓住as is reported这一常用结构，类似的还有as is known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等。‎ ‎【考点定位】定语从句 ‎【名师点睛】考生容易误选B项which，把逗号前面的the number of smokers看成先行词，后面非限制性定语从句用which引导。殊不知，这里关系代词指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整个一句话。另外，as和which在定语从句都可以指代一句话，但前者有“正如……”的意思，后者则没有。还可以抓住as is reported这一常用结构，类似的还有as is known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等。‎ ‎10.【2015·安徽】28.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends.‎ A. it B. that C. whose D. which ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查定语从句 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，有逗号隔开的是非限制性定语从句。定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。在定语从句中，介词后只能跟whom或which，指人用whom；指物用which。这里的先行词是skill，指物。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【两年模拟】2016、2017名校模拟题及其答案解析 ‎2017年模拟题 ‎1. 【2017届北京市东城区高三5月综合练习（二模）】The store______ I bought my textbooks is having a sale this week.‎ A. that B. where C. which D. why ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在我买课本的那个商店这周要进行大甩卖。先行词store表示地点，且从句I bought my textbooks结构完整，故选择关系副词where修饰表示地点的先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，故选B。‎ ‎2. 【2017届北京市海淀区高三5月期末练习（二模）】We are living in an age      QR codes（二维码）are becoming more and more popular in our daily life.‎ A. why B. that C. whose D. when ‎【答案】D ‎【名师点睛】‎ 定语从句是高中英语重要的一个语法点，此题考查选择合适的关系词。‎ 此题中先行词an age是表示时间的名词短语，且定语从句QR codes（二维码）are becoming more and more popular in our daily life.中不缺主谓宾，而是缺少先行词相对应的时间状语，所以此题应选择关系副词when。关系副词when主要用于修饰表示时间的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语。‎ ‎3. 【2017届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟】Keeping a regular sleep schedule is important for setting a baby's body clock, _______researchers note should be in place by about 4 months of age.‎ A. whose B. which C. when D. where ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：保持一个有规律的睡眠时间对于设定一个婴儿的生理钟是重要的，研究者表明这应该在大约四个月大的时候被固定。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，代指前面一句话，在从句中作宾语，故选B。‎ ‎4. 【2017届江苏省南通、扬州、泰州、淮安四市高三下学期第三次模拟】The inner thoughts of the two young persons are revealed in the book, ______ both of them fail to express.‎ A. where B. when C. who D. which ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：两个年轻人未能表达的内心想法在书中被显露出来。先行词是inner thoughts指物，在定语从句中作express的宾语，要用关系代词which引导。故选D.‎ ‎5. 【2017届天津市河北区高三总复习质量检测（二）】 The books on the desk,     covers are shiny, are prizes for us.‎ A. which B. what C. whose D. that ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查定语从句 ‎6. 【北京市大兴区2017届高三一模】 Lichun is a Chinese word for one of the 24 solar terms,      means the beginning of spring.‎ A. who B. that C. whose D. which ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：立春是中国24节气的一个词，表示春天来了。先行词是Lichun，指物，在定语从句中作主语，故排除Ａ和Ｃ；根据主句和从句之间有逗号，可知是非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除Ｂ，故选D。‎ ‎7. 【江苏省连云港市、徐州市、宿迁市2017届高三年级第三次模拟】We sell a lot of products offshore and the opportunity to open up markets in regions  ________ we don't currently sell a lot to is a great one.‎ A. where B. that C. what D. when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子成分，主句the opportunity is a great one，先行词是regions，定语从句we don’t currently sell a lot to中缺少to的宾语，所以只能用that或者which，故选B。‎ ‎8. 【江苏省苏锡常镇2017届高三英语教学情况调查（二）】 In my opinion, one’s individual income does not wholly reflect the extent ________ one’s self-value and social value are realized.‎ A. of which B. with which C. on which D. to which ‎【答案】D ‎9. 【天津市和平区2017届高三第四次质量调查（四模）】 Following the girl, we went into a hall; on __________ walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists.‎ A. its B. which C. whose D. those ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考察定语从句.句意:跟着这个女孩,我们进入了一个墙上挂着几张一些著名科学家的画的大厅.a hall是下文wall的逻辑主语,故引导词用whose,选C.‎ ‎10 .【天津市十二重点中学2017届高三毕业班联考（一）】They will fly to Chicago, _________ they plan to stay in for two or three days.‎ A. where B. there C. which D. when ‎13.考察定语从句的辨析。there为副词，where，when在定语从句中做状语，但从句中缺少宾语，应使用which引导定语从句，which做in的宾语。故选C。‎ ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎【2017年湖南省高考冲刺预测卷英语（六）】假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Last week, I had a argument with my best friend. All of us went home with anger, After finishing dinner, I began to do my homework. Sudden, my stomach hurt badly. My parents took me the hospital immediately. The doctor said I eat unclean food and I needed to stay in the hospital for two days, that made me feel worse and worried about my lessons. To my surprised, my best friend came to see me. She was so worried ‎ about me and helped me about my lessons. We understood it each other better and were back together. Now I have realized that friendship is very importance to me.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.在元音前不定冠词a要变成an。故将a改为an。‎ ‎2.此处只涉及到作者和朋友两个人，而all是指三人或三人以上。故将All改为Both。‎ ‎3.“突然”，suddenly副词表状语。故将sudden改为suddenly。‎ ‎4.take sb. to some place带某人到某地。故加to。‎ ‎5.本文是讲述过去发生的事，所以用过去时态。故将eat改为ate。‎ ‎6.非限制性定语从句用which作连接词不能用that。故将that改为which。‎ ‎7.to one's surprise固定搭配，意为令某人惊讶的是。故将surprised改为surprise。‎ ‎8.help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事。故将about改为with。‎ ‎9.“我们更好地理解了彼此”，it是多余的。故将it去掉。‎ ‎10.“友谊对我十分重要”，所以此处应用形容词形式。故将importance改为important。‎ ‎【名师点睛】短文改错主要考查考生对文章的理解以及句子结构的分析，考生可以先通读短文，整体把握短文大意再细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一作答。然后逐行修改最后复读全文，验证答案。主要考查名词单复数、动词时态语态、代词的使用、冠词的使用。  ‎ ‎     动词常见的改错形式：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语。应仔细分析句子结构，再进行判断。‎ 例如，第5题，“The doctor said I eat unclean food and I needed to stay in the hospital for two days,”，根据全文时态可知，故事发生在过去，时态应为过去时，故将eat改为ate。‎ ‎【安徽省六安市第一中学2017届高三6月适应性考试】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线（     ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Many people like eating junk foods, because they thought they are delicious. But in fact, these foods are not healthy. That we need most is a balanced diet. Eating a balanced diet mean choosing a wide variety of foods from all the food groups. A balanced diet provides different kinds of nutrition(营养) with our body. We need a balanced diet to keep healthy. Therefore, many people still have unhealthy eating habits, that will do harm to their health. I think is necessary for us to have three meals a day properly. When eat, we should eat different kinks of foods. For an example, we should eat both meat and vegetables to get different kinds of nutrition.‎ All in all, it’s importantly for us to keep a balanced diet.‎ ‎【答案】1.thought--think        ‎ ‎2.That--What        ‎ ‎3.mean--means        ‎ ‎4.with--for ‎5.Therefore--However    ‎ ‎6.that--which        ‎ ‎7.think is--think it is/is--it ‎8.eat--eating            ‎ ‎9.an example--删去an        ‎ ‎10.importantly--important ‎3. mean---means.考查主谓一致。动名词Eating a balanced diet做主语谓语用第三人称单数形式，故mean---means.‎ ‎4. with---for.考查介词。此处表示为我们的身体提供各种营养，“为了”用for，故with---for.‎ ‎5. Therefore---However.考查副词。句意：我们需要平衡的饮食来保持健康。许多人仍然有不健康的饮食习惯。前后句是转折关系且有逗号和下句分开，用However. Therefore “因 此” 表因果，故Therefore---However.‎ ‎6. that---which.考查定语从句。根据句意和标点可知，句中will do harm to their health.是非限制性定语从句用which引导，指代前面整个句子。故that---which.‎ ‎7. think is---think it is / is---it.考查句子结构。本句可以是两种结构，结构一：I think后是宾语从句，需要有主语。不定式to have three meals a day properly.做真正主语，用it做形式主语。结构二：I think是主谓，it是形式宾语，necessary是宾补，不定式to have three meals a day properly.是真正宾语。故think is---think it is / is---it.‎ ‎8. eat---eating.考查省略句。When 引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语和谓语的一部分，完整句子应该是when we are eating，表示动作正在进行，故eat---eating.‎ ‎9. an example---删去an.考查固定搭配。For example“例如，比如”，用于举例子，故an example---example.‎ ‎10. importantly---important.考查形容词。句意：保持平衡的饮食对我们来说是非常必要的。此处是形容词做is的表语，故importantly---important.‎ ‎【福建省2017届高三下学期普通高中毕业班4月质量检查】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Zhou Yan is the Senior Three student. Last week, he goes to see a doctor because of his arms and fingers hurt. The doctor told him the fact that had a “mobile phone disease”. Zhou sent messages for his friends with his mobile phone all the time, even in bed. Zhou started to do badly in all the exam because he spent so many time on his mobile phone. He didn’t stop use the mobile phone until his arms hurt. Yang Ling, which is an expert from a health center, said students should try to use their mobile phones less, especial at school.‎ ‎【答案】‎ 第三处：去掉of.考查连词。表示“因为”的because of是介词短语，后加词语，但此后是句子不是词语，所以要用连词because，故去掉of。‎ 第四处：had前加he.考查同位语从句。此处that引导的是同位语从句，that没有实际意义，此处从句缺少主语he，故要补出来，故had前加he。‎ 第五处：for →to.考查介词。send sth. to sb.送某物给某人，介词用to，故for改为to。‎ 第六处：exam →exams.考查名词。此处由all修饰指所有的考试，名词要用复数，故exam 改为exams。‎ 第七处：many →much.考查相近词辨析。many修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词，此处修饰time，time是不可数名词要用much，故many改为much。‎ 第八处：use →using.考查固定用法。stop doing表示停止做某事，此处指停止玩手机，故use改为using。‎ 第九处：which→ who.考查定语从句。句中先行词是Yang Ling指人，不能用which引导，此处是非限制性定语从句用who，故which改为who。‎ 第十处：especial→ especially.考查副词。此处作状语，要用副词，故especial改为especially。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 区别一 because是连词，其后接句子；because of是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what从句等。如：‎ I didn’t buy it because it was too expensive. 我没有买是因为它太贵了。‎ He is here because of you (that). 他为你(那事)而来这里。‎ He lost his job because of his age. 由于年龄关系他失去了工作。‎ We said nothing about it, because of his wife’s being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我们对此只字未提。‎ He knew she was crying because of what he had said. 他知道她哭是因为他说的话。‎ 注：because of之后可接what从句，但不能接that从句或没有引导词的句子。如：‎ 他因病未来。‎ 误：He didn’t come because of he was ill.‎ 误：He didn’t come because of that he was ill.‎ 正：He didn’t come because he was ill.‎ 正：He didn’t come because of his illness.‎ 比较以下同义句：‎ 他离开了这家公司，是因为老板在会上讲的话。‎ 正：He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting.‎ 正：He left the company because of the thing that the boss said at the meeting.‎ 我不能因为有个家就停止斗争。‎ 正：I can’t stop fighting because I have a family.‎ 正：I can’t stop fighting because of having a family.‎ 区别二 because所引导的从句除用作原因状语外，还可用作表语。如：‎ It is because he loves you. 那是因为他爱你。‎ 而复合介词because of所引导的介词短语通常用作状语而不用作表语。如：‎ 他因雨缺席。‎ 误：His absence was because of the rain.‎ 正：His absence was due to the rain.‎ 正：He was absent because of the rain.‎ 但是有时若主语是代词(不是名词)，也可以用 because of 引出的短语作表语。如：‎ It is just because of money. 那只是因为钱的原因。‎ That was because of his sickness. 那是因为他生病的原因。‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎【超级全能生”浙江省2017届高三3月联考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入恰当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形武。‎ Soon after I got off the ship　　　36　　　(fill) with tradesmen from small boats, I was stopped by a man selling diamond rings. I really spent some time　　　37　　　(get) rid of him. Then another man　　　38　　　(approach) me with some expensive watches and pens, 　　　39　　　aroused my interest.‎ ‎“Can I have a look at the pens?” I asked the man, who immediately handed　　　40　　　to me and said, “it's a pen of high quality, sir. It's 　　　41　　　￡50, but you can have it for ￡30 as a special favor.” Yet I still thought it was too expensive, so between us there was an 　　　42　　　(argue) about the price. Finally, I got the pen for ￡5. What a bargain! Only one tenth of the original price! I was wild 　　　43　　　joy, without noticing the seller disappear into the crowd quickly. Then I went back to the ship, 　　　44　　　(extreme) pleased. But this story did not have a happy ending: I couldn't fill the pen with ink and it just didn't work! Even five pounds　　　　45　　　　(be) too much! There was no doubt that I had been fooled by the seller. No wonder he had been in such a hurry to get away!‎ ‎【答案】36.filled37.getting38.approached39.which40.one41.worth42.argument43.with44.extremely45.was ‎38.考查动词时态。此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故填approached。‎ ‎39.考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是some expensive watches and pens，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。‎ ‎40.考查代词。此处指“递给我一支（钢笔）”，表泛指。故填one。‎ ‎41.考查习惯用法。worth与具体金额连用，表“值多少钱”。故填worth。‎ ‎42.考查词性转化。此处指“有一个关于价格的争论”，应使用名词单数形式作答。故填argument。‎ ‎43.考查介词搭配。此处指“我欣喜若狂”。with joy“因高兴而……”为固定短语。故填with。‎ ‎44.考查词性转化。此处修饰形容词pleased，应使用副词形式。故填extremely。‎ ‎45.考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时；主语是钱、时间、长度时，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。‎ ‎【福建省福州第一中学2017届高三5月质检（最后一模）】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ High school students have defeated　　　41　　　artificial intelligence device designed to pass the national college entrance exam, in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province.‎ Forty-three students from liberal arts classes at Chengdu Shishitianfu High School joined the two-hour contest　　　42　　　(finish) a math test in the standard national entrance exam against the robot, the brainchild of four years' research by Zhun Xing Yun Xue Technology Co.Ltd.‎ Students scored 106 points　　　43　　　average, outperforming the computer program that had 93 points. She Yujia, a student in the contest, said she felt like　　　44　　　(fight) the program on behalf of humans, especially after Google's AlphaGo 　　　45　　　(beat) professional Go player Lee Sedol of South Korea last year.‎ Researchers who developed the AI test taker, 　　　46　　　is also part of a project by the Ministry of Science and Technology, said the failure was due to a poor understanding of concepts in some math problems.‎ Lin Hui, CEO of the developing company, said more efforts 　　　47　　　(make) to fix bugs and improve performance of the program in the near future, with a focus on math 　　　48　　　(apply).‎ Chinese students are usually separated into science and liberal arts classes at high school, a practice that allows them to stay 　　　49　　　(compete) in the college entrance exam by choosing 　　　　50　　　　(prefer) subjects. Math tests for liberal arts students are usually easier than those given to science students.‎ ‎【答案】41.an42.to finish43.on44.fighting45.beat46.which  47.would be made48.application(s)49.competitive  50.preferred ‎【解析】本文主要讲述了在四川成都，人工智能机器人与43名学生一起参加高考模拟，最终机器人落败的事。‎ ‎43.固定搭配on average意为“平均”，故填on。‎ ‎44.feel like doing sth.想要做某事，故填fighting。‎ ‎45.根据“especially after Google's AlphaGo___5___(beat) professional Go player Lee Sedol of South Korea last year”，由last year确定句子为过去时，beat的过去时仍是beat，故填beat。‎ ‎46.“Researchers who developed the AI test taker,___6___is also part of a project ”，分析句子结构，主句结构完整，从句缺少主语成分，主句与从句之间用逗号隔开，所以使用非限制性定语从句。故填which。‎ ‎47.根据“said more efforts___7___(make) to fix bugs and improve performance of the program in the near future”，由in the near future确定该句时态为过去将来时，efforts与make表被动关系，故填would be made。‎ ‎48.“with a focus on math___8___(apply)”，根据语境应该知道，此空填写名词形式，故填application(s)。‎ ‎49.“allows them to stay___9___(compete) in the college entrance exam”，stay为系动词，in the college entrance exam为地点状语，横线处填写形容词与stay构成系表结构，故填competitive。‎ ‎50.“a practice that allows them to stay competitive in the college entrance exam by choosing___10___(prefer) subjects”，分析句子结构，choosing为动词，subjects为名词，横线处应填写形容词修饰名词，故填preferred。‎ ‎【名师点睛】做这类题型时，首先要通读全文，了解文章的大意，虽然文中被挖的支离破碎，但是并不妨碍意思的完整性，文章的大意还是可以理清的。做这类题目时，句子结构的分析很重要，要注意句子的时态、句子成分的完整性。‎ 例如第5题：“She Yujia, a student in the contest, said she felt like fighting the program on behalf of humans, especially after Google's AlphaGo___5___(beat)‎ ‎ professional Go player Lee Sedol of South Korea last year”，首先对句子进行分析，由句尾出现的last year判断该句整体时态为过去时，Google's AlphaGo___5___(beat) professional Go player Lee Sedol of South Korea last year，句子缺少谓语动词，所以横线处填写动词的过去时，故填beat。‎ ‎2016年模拟题 ‎1.【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高三3月联考】8. I have had such a case ______ a boy whispered to his deskmate now and then while I was having lessons.‎ A. that B. where C. when D. as ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本题定语从句的先行词是a case,定语从句中的句子结构很完整，故使用关系副词，排除AD，C项when表示时间，而case在从句中应该是in a case，故D正确。句意：我遇到过这个的情况，我正在上课，而一个男生时不时地和他同桌窃窃私语。 ‎ 考点： 定语从句 ‎2.【北京市海淀区2016届高三下学期期末考试（二模）】Sometimes we have to face embarrassing moments ________ we can only keep silent.‎ ‎ A. who B. which C. when D. why ‎【答案】C ‎【名师点睛】‎ when引导的这两种定语从句和状语从句有如下四点不同：‎ ‎ 第一,修饰关系不同.若when引导定语从句,when前面必然有表示时间的名词,即先行词;若when引导时间状语从句,则其前面没有表示时间的名词,这是因为when引导的时间状语从句是用来修饰动词,表示动作或状态发生的时间.简言之,when引导的定语从句必然修饰时间名词,而when引导的时间状语从句修饰动词.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 第二,从句位置不同.若when引导的是定语从句,从句只能置于主句的时间名词(即先行词)之后;若when引导的是时间状语从句,从句可以置于主句之后,也可以置于主句之前(此时用逗号来分隔主从句). ‎ ‎ 第三,when的作用不同.若when引导定语从句,其指代的是表示时间的先行词,这时when在定语从句中作状语,修饰从句的谓语;若when引导时间状语从句,则when在从句中不作任何成分,只起连接主句和从句的作用. ‎ ‎ 第四,when的翻译不同.若when引导定语从句,一般可依据从句的时态来翻译：如果从句谓语是过去时, when可译为“当时”“那时”; 如果从句谓语是将来时,when可译成“到时”“届时”.而引导时间状语从句的when,通常都是译成“当……时候”.‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎3.【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次（5月）综合练习】You must learn to read people, ______ will be necessary if you work in a team.‎ ‎ A. who B. that C. which D. what ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：句意：你必须学会如何看懂别人，这一点会很有必要如果你在一个团队工作得到话。这里的空代表前面句子的意思。which可以代替前面整个句子的意思在从句中做主语，其他都不可以，故选C。‎ 考点：考查非限制性定语从句的关系词的用法。‎ ‎4. 【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三上学期期中考试】Mensa is a society for bright people, and it aims to create a platform ______ many think can provide the chance to share their thoughts and ideas.‎ A. where B. which C. what D. who ‎【答案】B 考点：考查定语从句 ‎5. 【 江苏省淮安市淮海中学2016届高三9月月考】 In ancient Egypt, green represented hope and spring, ________ is the time of year ________ things in nature start to grow after a long winter.‎ A. when; which B. what; when C. which; when D. which; that ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：在古埃及，绿色代表着希望和春天，是万物在一个很长的冬天后开始生长的时间。第一个空是一个非限制性定语从句，第二个空是一个when引导的时间状语从句，所以选C。‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎6.【江苏省盐城市2016届高三上学期期中考试】Your senses become alert and you suddenly find the answer to a problem ________ solution has long escaped you as a brilliant thought crosses your mind.‎ A. which B. that C. whose D. when ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：当一个非凡的想法在你头脑中闪过时，你的思维变得敏锐起来，你突然找到让你困惑已久的问题的答案。此处是定语从句先行词是problem，表示“问题的解决方式”。故选C.‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎7.【江苏省五校联考2016届高三英语第二次英语试题】Common sense requires us to get away from the concept that national boundaries are frontiers _________ knowledge may not spread.‎ A. with which B. across with C. through which D. from which ‎【答案】B 考点：考查定语从句 ‎8．【浙江省杭州市五校联盟2016届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】English is a language ‎ shared by several diverse cultures, __________ uses it differently.‎ A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：英语是由几个不同的文化共享的一种语言，每种语言使用的方式都不同。如果空格前加and则构成并列句，D正确，逗号后没有and，判断是非限制性定语从句，从句的谓语动词是uses，所以主语应该是单数，故选B。‎ 考点：考查关系代词。‎ ‎9．【浙江省杭州市五校联盟2016届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all．‎ A．that B．where C．which D．what ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：句意：这是她第三次赢得这个比赛，这让我们都大吃一惊。which可以代替前面句子的意思，其他不能，故选C。‎ 考点：考查定语从句关系词。‎ ‎10. 【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016届高三下学期期初联考】Tomorrow we'll pay a visit to a museum, next to _______ is a nice restaurant where we can have Italian food．‎ ‎ A. that B. this C. it D. which ‎【答案】D ‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎11. 【江苏省苏北四市（徐州、淮安、连云港、宿迁）2016届高三上学期期中质量】In history, the Romany split into different groups and developed their own language, _______ there are now approximately sixty varieties.‎ ‎ A. by which B. of which C. by whom D. of whom ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：在历史上，吉普赛人会分化成不同的群体因而发展了他们的语言，所以现在大约有六十种各种各样的语言。由“varieties of各种各样的”变形而来。and there are now approximately sixty varieties of languages=of which there are now approximately sixty varieties大约有六十种各种各样的语言，先行词为“language”，故选B项。 ‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎ ‎12.【江苏省苏州中学2016届高三10月月考】–Thank you for your assistance, without ________ I might have been in danger.‎ ‎--That’s all right, anyone in my place ________ the same thing.‎ A. that; will do B. which; would have done C. it, would D. which; can have done ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查非限制性定语从句和虚拟语气。句意：---谢谢你的帮助，没有你的帮助我可能还处在危险境况。---不用谢，无论谁处在我的位置都会这样做的。your assistance是先行词，所以介词后面用which引导非限制性定语从句，第一个空填which；根据回答可知第二个空用虚拟语气，可知填would have done。故选B。‎ 考点：考查非限制性定语从句和虚拟语气 ‎13. 【江苏省苏州中学2016届高三10月月考】When it comes to the majority of the latest technologies in the next 20 years, ________ has greater potential than the technology being developed in these young people’s company, ________ in my eyes will lead to a revolution.‎ A. nothing; which B. none; where C. nothing; where D. none; which ‎【答案】D 考点：考查不定代词和非限制性定语从句 ‎14. 【江苏省苏州中学2016届高三10月月考】Happiness is a butterfly, which, when pursued, is always just beyond your grasp, but ________, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you.‎ A. that B. which C. one D. whose ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：幸福是一只蝴蝶,你要追逐它的时候,总是追不到,但是如果你悄悄的坐下来,它也许会飞落到你身上。a butterfly做先行词，故选B。‎ 考点：考查非限制性定语从句 ‎15. 【浙江省金丽衢十二校2016届高三上学期第一次联考】— Hey! You look cool in your new hairstyle.‎ ‎— Thanks. If you like, you can try the barber’s _____ I have my hair cut.‎ A. where B. who C. which D. when ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：如果你喜欢，你可以试试我理发的理发店。the barber’s理发店，是先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语，故选A。‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎16.【浙江省绍兴市第一中学2016届高三下学期开学回头考】Eventually the two sides reached an agreement ___ could not be taken the place of. ‎ ‎ A. whose the details B. the details of whose ‎ ‎ C. whose details D. of which details ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 ‎1. Nowadays, We-chat has been a great channel _______ travelers offer viewers a feast for their imagination by displaying pictures and mood descriptions. ‎ ‎ A. which B. where C. when D. what ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查定语从句 句意：现如今微信已经成为一个重要渠道，通过微信旅行者通过呈现图片和心灵描述给观看者提供了想象的盛宴。此题考查定语从句，先行词为channel，依据句意要使用关系副词where，故选B项正确。‎ ‎【考点】考查定语从句 ‎ ‎2. _________ is generally believed, it is human activities that have contributed to the global warming.‎ ‎ A. It B. As C. that D. what ‎【答案】B 考点：定语从句 ‎ ‎3. I suppose it is such a bad situation _______ most of its former and present employees will feel upset about.‎ A. where B. that C. which D. as ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】考查定语从句 句意：我想这是一个大部分新老员工都感到难过的糟糕境况。该题考查的是“such”引导的定语从句，后面的从句中about一词后面缺少宾语，故使用as一词来充当从句中的宾语，故D项正确。‎ ‎4. There is no greatness and success ________ simplicity, kindness and truth are absent.‎ ‎ A. until B. while C. where D. before ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查定语从句 句意：哪里没有朴实善良和真理，哪里就没有伟大与成功。此题考查的是定语从句，先行词为“greatness and success”，从句中absent后面缺少介词，故要使用关系副词where，所以选C项适合。‎ ‎【考点】考查定语从句 ‎5. I tried to recall the name of the man with a hat on the street this morning ________ I met on the plane last year.‎ ‎ A. whom B. which C. where D. when ‎【答案】A 考点：定语从句 ‎6. The past is the bank ______ we store our most valuable possession: the memories that give meaning and depth to our lives.‎ A. which B. where C. what D. when ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：过去是一所我们将最宝贵的财产——记忆珍藏其中的银行，它赐予我们生活的意义和深度。此题考查定语从句，先行词为the bank，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语，故选用关系副词where，where=in which，故选B项适合。‎ ‎【考点】考查定语从句 ‎7. Many college graduates are willing to run online shops to get over the occasion ________ they have difficult finding a well-paid job.‎ A. which B. that C. where D. when ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：‎ 眼下，许多大学毕业生很难找到一份薪水高的工作，他们情愿开网店来度过这一难关。此处先行词occasion(时机，时刻)表示时间，且后面定语从句中不缺基本成分，故关系副词when，在定语从句中作时间状语。因此选D项。‎ 考点：定语从句 ‎8. Generally speaking, such important strategies were applied in learning practice _______ almost every student could benefit from in life. ‎ ‎ A. when B. that C. as D. where ‎【答案】C ‎【考点】考查定语从句 ‎9. The traffic might be very busy now, ________ case we may be considerably delayed.‎ A. which B. whose C. of which D. in which ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：现在的交通可能很拥挤，如此一来，我们可能会耽搁很久。in which case“在这种（那种）情况下”，在这里引导非限制性定语从句（=and in this/that case）。因此选D项。‎ 考点：定语从句 ‎10. The 88th Academy Award Ceremony was held in Dolby Theatre ______ seats an audience of approximately 3,400.‎ A. where B. whose C. when D. which ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查定语从句。 句意：第88届奥斯卡颁奖典礼在能容下大约3 400名观众的杜比剧院举行。此处考查定语从句，先行词为＂Dolby Theatre＂，从句中的＂seats＂为动词，意为＂容纳＂，从句中缺少主语，故需要用关系代词which。故选D。‎ ‎【考点】考查定语从句 ‎11. —What do you think of your new job?‎ ‎—I think it is a job _______ you are doing something serious but exciting. ‎ A. where B. which C. when D. that ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：—“你觉得你的新工作怎么样？” —“我认为这是一份虽然做起来很严肃但能让人兴奋的工作”。先行词job表示抽象地点，且后面的定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，故用where引导，相当于in which。因此选B项。‎ 考点：定语从句 ‎12．Developing nations insist that richer countries, ________ have already completed their own polluting industrial revolution, must shoulder the greater burden for the carbon emission cuts.‎ A．that B．what C．it D. which ‎【答案】D 考点：考查非限制性定语从句关系词的用法 ‎13. It was Sept 3, 2015 ________China held a massive military parade to mark the 70th anniversary of its victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.‎ A. that B. since C. when D. before ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查从句辨析。句意：中国在2015年9月3日举行大规模阅兵来纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年。这是一个定语从句，先行词是Sept 3, 2015，定语从句不缺少主语或宾语，又因为先行词指时间，因此用when引导。考生容易误判此题是强调句，把it, was和that去掉的话，Sept 3, 2015无法与整个句子连接起来，说明不是强调句，故选C。‎ ‎【考点】考查从句辨析 ‎ ‎14. Please keep it in mind that the best relationship is one ________ you love for each other is greater than you ask for each other.‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. when D. where ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：‎ 句意：请记住：好的关系就是那种深入其中你的爱胜于你的要求。此句为定语从句，先行词为代词one，指代的是前面的relationship一词，后面的从句不缺成分故需要用关系副词表示“在这样的关系下…”,故选D。‎ 考点: 考查定语从句 ‎15. Most college graduates are looking forward to find a job ______ they can earn money to support themselves.‎ ‎ A. why B. when ‎ C. that D. where ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：大部分大学毕业生希望找到一份能够让他们养活自己的工作。这里是定语从句，先行词是job，定语从句不缺少主宾表，缺少地点状语，所以用where引导，相当于in the job，所以选D。‎ 考点: 考查定语从句 ‎16. Prime Minister Modi, _________ is making his first visit to China since _______ last year, arrived early Thursday in Xi'an.‎ ‎ A. who; being elected B. who; elected ‎ C. whom; was elected D. that; being elected ‎【答案】A 考点：考查定语从句和非谓语动词 ‎17. Many college students are willing to work in Western China after graduation ______, poor and backward as it is, more opportunities of employment are available. A. when B. where C. which D. that ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：很多大学生毕业后愿意到中国的西部工作，那里虽然贫穷，落后，有更多的就业机会可以获得。这里是定语从句，先行词是Western China ‎ ，定语从句中不缺主宾表，缺少的是地点状语，所以选B。‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎18. During the race, we had a bad weather—what’s called a “white-out” —_______ visibility is very poor.‎ A. that B. why C. where D. how ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：分析句子结构可知，_______ visibility is very poor为定语从句，且从句缺少状语；又根据语境可知，在这种所谓的“white-out”天气状况下，能见度较低，故用where引导。因此选C。‎ 考点：定语从句 ‎19. There is still one point _____ we must make clear in this case.‎ ‎ A. where B. that C. why D. when ‎【答案】B 考点: 考查定语从句 ‎20. Personal space is the region surrounding a person _____they regard as psychologically theirs. ‎ A. who B. where C. when D. which ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：句意：个人空间是一个人周围的他们心理上认为是他们自己的地区，which引导定语从句，先行词是personal space，在定语从句中做regard的宾语，故选D项。‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎ ‎