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专题37+疑问句-高考全攻略之备战2018年高考英语考点一遍过
专题37+疑问句 高考频度:★★★★★ 高考对疑问句的考查主要是对反义疑问句的考查。 反义疑问句也叫附加疑问句,指的是在陈述句后面附加一个简短的一般疑问句,用于对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或表示证实。陈述部分与附加部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致,但是肯定和否定形式却彼此相反,即陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问句部分用否定式;陈述部分为否定式时,附加部分用肯定式。 反义疑问句主要分以下各种情况: 反意疑问句由两部分构成:前一部分用陈述句形式,后一部分是一个附加在前一部分上的简短问句。陈述部分用肯定形式时,附加问句部分用否定形式,反之亦然。附加问句部分的动词形式及主语由陈述句决定,而且主语必须是代词。 1. 陈述部分的主语是名词时,附加问句的主语用相应的人称代词。 Your parents had a long talk with you last night, didn’t they? 2. 陈述部分主语是表示人的不定代词时,反意疑问句的主语侧重全部用they,侧重个体用he。 No one was there that day, was he/were they? 3. 陈述部分主语是表示物的不定代词时,反意疑问句的主语用it。 Everything that he says is true, isn’t it? 4. 陈述部分的主语是one时,反意疑问句的主语在正式的场合用one,在非正式场合用you。 One should be honest, shouldn’t one/you? 5. 陈述部分主语是指示代词时,反意疑问句的主语要用it或they。 This is your car, isn’t it? Those are grapes, aren’t they? 6. 陈述部分是there be结构时,反意疑问句仍用there。 There was a hospital here, wasn’t there? 7. 陈述部分有表示推测的情态动词must时,反意疑问句的动词与must后的动词一致。 They must be sleeping then, weren’t they? must后接完成式,若表示对过去情况的推测,附加问句中动词用didn’t;若表示对已完成情况的推测,用haven’t或hasn’t。 8. 陈述部分含有否定词时,反意疑问句用肯定式。 He is never late for school, is he? They seldom clean the room, do they? 常见的否定词有no,never,nothing,nowhere,rarely,hardly,seldom,few,little等;若陈述部分有带否定意义词缀的派生词,如dislike,useless,unfair等,后面的附加问句仍用否定式。 9. 陈述部分是祈使句时,反意疑问句用will you或won’t you。 Look at the blackboard, will/won’t you? Don’t make any noise, will you? 以Let’s开头的祈使句,反意疑问句用shall we;以Let us/me开头的祈使句,反意疑问句用will you;陈述部分是否定的祈使句,反意疑问句用will you或can you都可以。 10. 陈述部分是并列句时,反意疑问句与邻近的分句一致。 She works hard and she is the best one in her factory, isn’t she? 11. 陈述部分是复合句时,反意疑问句与主句一致。 When the teacher speaks in class, we have to keep quiet, don’t we? 12. 陈述部分是否定转移句式时,反意疑问句与从句一致,且用肯定形式。 I don’t think he will come, will he? 在回答反意疑问句时,不管其陈述句部分是肯定的还是否定的,如果事实是肯定的,回答用"yes+肯定的简略句";如果事实是否定的,回答用"no+否定的简略句",形式要一致。陈述部分是否定形式时,答语中的yes译成"不",no译成"是"。 —They haven’t been told the truth, have they? —Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t. 1.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, __________she? A. had B. did C. hadn’t D. didn’t 2.You and I could hardly work together, _________? A. could you B. couldn’t I C. couldn’t we D. could we 3.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, __________ ? A. could he B. didn’t I C. didn’t you D. could they 4.It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, _______? A. doesn’t it B. does it C. don’t they D. do they 5. It’s the first time that he has been to Australia, ___________? A. isn’t he B. hasn’t he C. isn’t it D. hasn’t it 6. I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus, ___________? A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you C. aren’t I D. didn’t she 7. The students who are sitting at the back of the classroom, please keep quiet, __________? A. do you B. don’t they C. aren’t you D. will you 8. —Mrs Willson doesn’t believe that Tom is able to pass the exam, ___________? —That’s where I disagree. A. does she B. doesn’t she C.is she D. isn’t she 9.—I spent two weeks in London last summer. —Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, ________ you? A. mustn't B. haven't C. didn't D. hadn't 10. Let’s work out a plan that we all can agree on, _____________? A. shall we B. don’t we C. will you D. can’t we 11. —The government must have taken measures to lower the house prices next year, _____________ it? —Yes. I guess so. A. didn’t B. hasn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t 12.When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, _____________? A.do you B.don’t you C.will you D.won’t you 和你一样快,不是吗? 4.B 【解析】反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为否定,故附加部分为肯定,句意:他们是否来参加你的派对,没有关系,是吗? 5. C 【解析】考查反意疑问句。在"It’s the first time that..."句型中,反意疑问句的主语和谓语应与主句的主语和谓语分别保持一致。故C项正确。 6. B 【解析】考查反意疑问句。在既有主句又有从句的时候,如果主句部分是I think,I suppose,I’m sure,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致。故在该题中,反意疑问句要和从句"you’d rather she went to school by bus"一致,根据前否后肯的原则,该反意疑问句应为"wouldn’t you"。故B选项正确。 7. D 【解析】考查反意疑问句。若陈述部分为祈使句,反意疑问句通常用will you, won’t you, would you等。句意:那些坐在教室后面的同学,请保持安静,可以吗?故选D。 8. A 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:——Willson认为Tom不会通过考试,是吗?——我不同意。由前面的Mrs Willson doesn’t可知后面用does she,故A项正确。 9.C 在“…must have done…”这个表示对过去的推测的句型中,反义疑问句不可用must的任何形式,因为must用于表推测时仅能用于肯定句。若语境中有明确地表示过去的时间状语,反义疑问句必须用过去时的否定式,若没有明确地表示过去的时间状语且强调现状则用完成时。该题中上句有last summer,故选C。 故B选项切题。 12.C 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:你读完那本书时,别忘了把它放回到书架上,好吗?除否定转移句型之外的主从复合句,一般都是对主句的主语和谓语动词进行反问,本题的主句don’t forget to put it back on the shelf 是否定形式,其反意疑问部分要用肯定结构,再根据"主将从现"原则,时间状语从句中用现在时态,主句要用将来时,故选C。 查看更多