【英语】宁夏银川市2020届高三一模试题（解析版）

【英语】宁夏银川市2020届高三一模试题（解析版）

宁夏银川市2020届高三一模英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Southern Texas is a wonderful spring time destination. The weather is warm and beautiful. During the month of May, visitors will be able to choose from a variety of wonderful festivals and events held throughout the region. Here are some great options for May festivals in southern Texas.‎ Dragonfly Days, Weslaco ‎ Insect enthusiasts should stop in Weslaco during the month of May. This time of the year is great for sitting dragonflies and damselflies. There are over 100 species in the region. Visitors can learn all about the different species while getting to see them as well Songwriter’s Showcase Art Festival, Port Aransas One way to enjoy some of the unique art and culture of Texas is to attend this festival. Visitors can enjoy a grand variety of music. It will be held in the evening at the Tarpon Inn Courtyard and visitors can enjoy the beautiful scenery and the music. Music genres range from Folk to Cajun to Rock.‎ Blues on the Hill, Harlingen ‎ Blues fans should be sure to visit Harlingen on May 12, 2020. It will be the first event in the summer series held in McKelvey Park. This event offers a variety of Blues artists. Visitors can attend the event for free, and get to enjoy the music while sitting on a blanket of lawn chair in the grass.‎ Beach to Bay Relay Marathon, Corpus Christi ‎ This event will be held on May 19, 2020. Running enthusiasts visiting Corpus Christi will have a wonderful time. It is a full marathon, 26 miles, but it is a relay event. Six people run the marathon as a group. The route starts on North Pare Island and travels through Corpus Christi.‎ ‎1. Which festival will you probably choose as a sports lover?‎ A. Dragonfly Days, Weslaco B. Songwriter’s Showcase Art Festival, Port Aransas C. Blues on the Hill, Harlingen D. Beach to Bay Relay Marathon, Corpus Christi ‎2. What does the underlined word “genres” mean in Paragraph 3?‎ A. Types. B. Characters.‎ C. Visitors. D. Artists.‎ ‎3. Where is the text most likely from?‎ A. A diary. B. A guidebook.‎ C. A novel. D. A magazine.‎ B With bushfires continuing to swallow different parts of Australia, a local zoo in New South Wales - the state which is the easiest to catch fire - has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story.‎ Right in the line of a bushfire, the keepers of Mogo Wildlife Park managed to protect all 200 animals from harm after they received evacuation orders, according to reports.‎ Netizens were quick to react on social media and praised the bravery of the zoo keeper and staffs, as they stayed and managed to protect animals from uncontrolled fires and even sheltered some at their own house.‎ The 40-year-old zoo keeper, Chad Staples, described the situation as the worst catastrophe, which felt like Armageddon (大决战) here. Luckily, his team had made a precise plan ahead of time by moving everything flammable from the area and the larger animals to safe places.‎ What’s remarkable is that as the smaller ones needed extra shelter, Staples decided to take them to his own house.‎ ‎“Right now in my house there are animals of all descriptions in all the different rooms. They are safe and protected … not a single animal lost,” he said.‎ BBC news also mentioned that “there’s a tiger to the back of the house.”‎ Some media outlets highlighted the “heroic job” in their headlines. Online users also reacted with thumbs-up and were glad to see all the staff and animals coming through the horrific fire.‎ Located in the southern coast of New South Wales, Mogo Wildlife Park houses Australia’s ‎ largest collection of primates, also including different and unique animals such as zebras, giraffes, rhinos and red pandas.‎ ‎4. New South Wales hits the headlines because of ________.‎ A. its famous zoo B. its endangered animals C. the heartwarming event D. being easy to catch fire ‎5 Which of the following is true about Mogo Wildlife Park?‎ A. It belongs to Chad Staples.‎ B. None of the animals is missing.‎ C. It merely holds rare animal species.‎ D. Extra shelters were built for emergencies.‎ ‎6. Which word can probably describe Chad Staples?‎ A. Irresponsible. B. Considerate.‎ C. Selfish. D. Energetic.‎ ‎7. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Heroic Job.‎ B. The Horrific Fire.‎ C. The Extinct Animals.‎ D. The Brave Zoo Keeper.‎ C China Science Daily announced Thursday that it has used software to automatically generate news stories about the latest discoveries from the world’s leading science journals. The robot science reporter called “Xiaoke”, was co-created by the newspaper and researchers from Peking University in about half a year.‎ It is the latest case of Chinese news organizations using computer technology to create content. According to its inventors, Xiaoke has generated over 200 stories based on the English abstract of papers published in journals such as Science, Nature, Cell and the New England Journal of Medicine.‎ Before publication, the automatically generated articles will go through a review process. A ‎ group of scientists and the newspaper’s editors will check the content or give supplementary (补充的) information.‎ Zhang Mingwei, head of the program and vice editor-in-chief of the newspaper, said inventors would make Xiaoke a “cross-linguistic (跨语言的) academic secretary” to help Chinese scientists overcome language barriers and have easy and quick access to the latest scientific advances in English-language publication. Lead researcher Wan Xiaojun, of Peking University in charge of the system’s design and technology, stressed that the content generation tool could do far more than translation. According to Wan, Xiaoke is good at selecting complex words and sentences, which can help turn articles full of confusing technical terms into easy and readable news reports.‎ The readers of the robot reporter is not limited to professionals but also includes the general public. Science reporting is important in spreading information about discoveries and in popularizing knowledge to people.‎ ‎8. What can we learn about “Xiaoke”?‎ A. It is a professional translator.‎ B. It has the most advanced AI.‎ C. It can make up fiction stories.‎ D. It generates science news reports.‎ ‎9. What do people need to do to improve Xiaoke’s work?‎ A. Upgrade the artificial intelligence.‎ B. Select complex words and sentences.‎ C. Check the content and add information.‎ D. Help it get the latest scientific advances.‎ ‎10. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?‎ A. Science.‎ B. Education.‎ C. Entertainment.‎ D. Health.‎ ‎11. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. The robot writer of science news.‎ B. The readers of the science reports.‎ C. The editor-in-chief of the newspaper.‎ D. The latest case of news organizations.‎ D Royal Dutch Shell is launching a $ 300 million and forestry program, at a time when an increasing number of oil companies are putting money in carbon offset (碳补偿) plans to meet climate goals. The company will spend the money over the next three years on projects to store carbon, including large forests in the Netherlands and Spain, and will start offering motorists the option of purchasing carbon offsets when they buy petrol at the pump.‎ The executives of the company explained that these carbon offset projects were a new business opportunity for Shell, as well as a way to meet its climate targets. “We believe that over time we will be building a business, because these carbon credits will become more valuable as carbon becomes more limited," they said. Shell recently decided to cut its net carbon footprint (碳排放) by 2-3 percent in five years, which includes emissions (排放) from the products it sells. The company plans to produce carbon credits from the forestry projects, then sell these credits on to customers buying its oil and gas products, or apply the credits to its own operations to lower its carbon footprint.‎ Plants absorb carbon dioxide as they grow and restoring forests and other natural areas is considered one of the simplest ways to store carbon. However, the voluntary market for carbon credits based on forestry projects has its critics, as projects in developing countries can be hard to monitor. Shell’s move has also been criticized by some environmentalists. They worried that there was a risk of "greenwash when companies invested in forestry projects. "There is an entire debate about whether forestry projects truly reduce emissions or not," they said, pointing out that planting in one area could cause deforestation (滥伐森林) to another.‎ Shell said it would rely on the third party to ensure its forest program to meet the Voluntary Carbon Standard and strict biodiversity requirements. Mark Lewis, head of climate change investment research at BNP Paribas, said, "Planting trees to offset emissions, as far as it goes, is a step in the right direction."‎ ‎12. What is popular among oil companies these days?‎ A. Studying climate changes.‎ B. Launching forestry programs.‎ C. Working out carbon offset plans.‎ D. Attracting motorists to buy their petrol.‎ ‎13. How will Shell Company make profits from its carbon offset projects?‎ A. By quitting the emissions of its products.‎ B. By reducing its carbon footprint by a quarter.‎ C. By limiting the oil used by its own operations.‎ D. By putting carbon credits it produces on the market.‎ ‎14. What concerns some environmentalists about forestry project?‎ A. The projects can’t really stop carbon emissions.‎ B. The projects are hard to monitor in poor countries.‎ C. The projects may lead to deforestation in other forests.‎ D. The projects haven’t met strict biodiversity requirements.‎ ‎15. What does the underlined word "greenwash" in paragraph 3 mean?‎ A. Discount. B. Cheat.‎ C. Decline. D. Change.‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Telecommuting (also known as working from home, or e-commuting) is a work arrangement in which the employee works outside the office, often working from home or a location close to home. ___16___‎ Doctors, dentists, and countless other healthcare workers of the world will always need to be hands-on with patients, just as：‎ ‎► ___17___‎ ‎► Scientists need to be in labs.‎ The existence of telecommuting must have its benefits and appropriate population.‎ More freedom.‎ Telecommuting allows a worker greater freedom regarding her or his work hours and work location. It gives the employee more flexibility to balance work and personal obligations.‎ Productivity.‎ Working from home can make you more productive, because you do not have the distractions (分心) of office space. ___18___ Sometimes you might be easily distracted by home appliances such as washing machines, or you actually need supervision from your boss to concentrate on your work.‎ Employees’ welfare.‎ Allowing workers to telecommute often makes them more productive. ___19___ Tele- commuters are also likely to be happier in their jobs and are therefore more likely to stay with the company. Telecommuting even saves companies money in office expenses (such as rent and stationery).‎ ‎___20___‎ Some people also find working from home to be a bit isolating, because you are not around your coworkers. Those who enjoy teamwork may lose their opportunity to bond with colleagues by teleconferencing alone. You should come up with a strategic plan if you want to ask your employer if you can telecommute.‎ A. Mental health issues.‎ B. Cooperation with workers.‎ C. That can benefit the company.‎ D. Of course, this is not necessarily true.‎ E. You need to find a productive place to do work.‎ F. Construction workers need to be on building sites.‎ G. However, many jobs are not suited to remote work.‎ 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Food is everything to me. I believe in its ____21____ that brings people together, I’ve had a great ____22____ in cooking since I was a young boy. My family would sit around the dinner table, telling stories and ____23____ dishes with all the flavors (味道) of a ____24____ Puerto Rican meal. The idea of being together as a ____25____ around a table of traditional recipes ‎ ‎____26____ led me to where I am today as the chief chef and vice president of Ruth’s Chris Steak House.‎ I worked in various cooking positions before ____27____ my place within the company, though I ____28____ as a dishwasher, I had a dream to succeed in the exciting food industry. Later, as a(an) ____29____ hand in the team, I worked hard, and our team was given the name FILO (first in, last out) ____30____ we came in early and stayed late each day.‎ I came to ____31____ the true meaning of harmony when I worked with our founder, Ruth Fertel, who had a magic ____32____ for everything, not only for her famous ____33____ but also for relationships, ____34____ everyone like family. Being at Ruth’s Chris gave me a sense of ____35____ early on in my career. I wanted to be sure that the feeling ____36____ through in my role at Ruth’s Chris. And I do ____37____ no effort to take care of both my teammates and each unique guest who ____38____ me to continue cooking and bring ____39____ to their faces. I love serving cuisine that leaves a(an) ____40____ impression with them, just like my family meals did for me.‎ ‎21. A. benefit B. power C. style D. challenge ‎22. A. role B. regret C. interest D. limitation ‎23. A. enjoying B. washing C. cooking D. collecting ‎24. A. plain B. fresh C. balanced D. classic ‎25. A. staff B. family C. team D. group ‎26. A. certainly B. reasonably C. eventually D. obviously ‎27. A. finding B. losing C. trying D. leaving ‎28. A. moved on B. took off C. settled down D. started out ‎29. A. old B. green C. busy D. clean ‎30. A. when B. whether C. because D. though ‎31. A. realize B. doubt C. conclude D. forget ‎32. A. rule B. drug C. show D. recipe ‎33. A. cakes B. steaks C. desserts D. cookies ‎34. A. comforting B. greeting C. treating D. hugging ‎35. A. belonging B. meaning C. stress D. security ‎36. A. pulled B. looked C. broke D. carried ‎37. A. make B. spare C. apply D. contribute ‎38. A. inspires B. reminds C. invites D. promises ‎39. A. flash B. shame C. smile D. shadow ‎40. A. general B. initial C. leading D. lasting 第二节（共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Go (围棋) is a board game for two players, in which the aim is to surround more territory than the competitor. The game ___41___ (invent) in China more than 2,500 years ago and is believed to be the ___42___ (old) board game continuously played to the present day. A 2020 survey found that there are over 20 million current players, the majority of ___43___ live in East Asia.‎ The playing pieces are called “stones”. One player uses the white stones and ____44____ other black. The players take ___45___ (turn) to place the stones on the vacant intersections (交叉点) of a board. Once ____46____ (place)on the board, stones may not be moved, but stones are removed ____47____ the board if “captured (捕获)”.Capture happens when a stone or group of stones is surrounded by opposing ones on all points. The game goes on until neither player wishes to make another move. When a game ____48____ (come) to an end, the winner is determined by ____49____ (count) each player’s surrounded territory along with captured stones and komi (贴目). A teacher might ____50____ (simple) the explanation by saying to a student “you may place your stone on any point on the board, but if I surround that stone, I will remove it.”‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间变换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文 中共有l0处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改；在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I love running. I started running in 2016, look forward to building up my body. Every weekday I stay actively by running on the track with other student. On weekends, in company by my father, I typically get out to explore the neighborhood in that I live. If the weather is bad, I usually take my advantage of the treadmill(跑步机) at home．The other day I go for a 22-km run. I was very exciting，“Wow, I’ve been running such long distance，”I will plan to keep increasing the distance over the next few weeks, but I’m sure I will make it.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack对你校开展的“养老院献爱心（Love Into Nursing Home）”活动很感兴趣，发邮件向你咨询相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 活动目的；‎ ‎2. 活动内容；‎ ‎3. 你的感受。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右：‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贵。‎ Dear Jack,‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了美丽的得克萨斯州南部，5月期间4个值得选择的节日和活动。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Running enthusiasts visiting Corpus Christi will have a wonderful time. It is a full marathon, 26 miles, but it is a relay event可知访问Corpus Christi的跑步爱好者将会度过一段美好的时光。这是一个全程马拉松，26英里，但它是一个接力项目由此可知，作为一个体育爱好者，你可能会选择Beach to Bay Relay Marathon, Corpus Christi。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文from Folk to Cajun to Rock可知音乐类型从民间音乐到卡真音乐到摇滚音乐。由此可知，划线单词意思为“种类”，故选A。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章大意，这篇文章介绍了得克萨斯州南部的一些值得选择的节日和活动。可知应该摘自于导游书。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 ‎① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或that’s to say, such as等。‎ ‎② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。‎ ‎③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。‎ ‎④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。‎ ‎⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题 时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。‎ 如第二小题，根据后文from Folk to Cajun to Rock可知音乐类型从民间音乐到卡真音乐到摇滚音乐。由此可知，划线单词意思为“种类”，故选A。‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了澳大利亚新南威尔士州一家当地动物园中动物管理员在接到森林大火的疏散令后，留下来保护动物免受失控火灾的伤害，甚至把一些动物关在自己家里，成功地保护了所有200只动物。网友和媒体都对这一行为表示赞赏。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段With bushfires continuing to swallow different parts of Australia, a local zoo in New South Wales - the state which is the easiest to catch fire - has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story.可知澳大利亚新南威尔士州是最容易发生火灾的地方，由于丛林大火继续吞噬澳大利亚各地，新南威尔士州的一家当地动物园最近以一则温暖人心的故事登上了新闻头条。由此可知，新南威尔士州因为这个温暖人心的事件而成为头条新闻。故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第六段“Right now in my house there are animals of all descriptions in all the different rooms. They are safe and protected … not a single animal lost,” he said.可知“现在在我的房子里，所同的房间里有各种各样的动物。他们很安全，受到保护……没有一只动物失踪，”他说。由此可知，Mogo野生动物园没有一只动物失踪。故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中Luckily, his team had made a precise plan ahead of time by moving everything flammable from the area and the larger animals to safe places.可知幸运的是，他的团队提前制定了一个精确的计划，将所有易燃物品从该地区移走，并将大型动物转移到安全的地方。由此可推知，Chad Staples是个考虑周全的人。故选B。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段With bushfires continuing to swallow different parts of Australia, a local zoo in New South Wales - the state which is the easiest to catch fire - has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story.可知澳大利亚新南威尔士州是最容易发生火灾的地方，由于丛林大 火继续吞噬澳大利亚各地，新南威尔士州的一家当地动物园最近以一则温暖人心的故事登上了新闻头条。结合文章主要记叙了澳大利亚新南威尔士州一家当地动物园中动物管理员在接到森林大火的疏散令后，留下来保护动物免受失控火灾的伤害，甚至把一些动物关在自己家里，成功地保护了所有200只动物。网友和媒体都对这一行为表示赞赏。由此可知，故D选项“勇敢的动物园管理员”符合文章标题。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了名为“Xiaoke”的人工智能应用于科学新闻报道的创作领域中，是人工智能更好地服务人类的一个创新点。文章还介绍了人们对此的看法。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中China Science Daily announced Thursday that it has used software to automatically generate news stories about the latest discoveries from the world’s leading science journals.可知《中国科学日报》周四宣布，它已经使用软件从世界领先的科学期刊上自动生成关于最新发现的新闻报道。由此可知，Xiaoke产生了很多科学新闻报道。故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中A group of scientists and the newspaper’s editors will check the content or give supplementary (补充的) information.可知一组科学家和报纸的编辑将检查内容或提供补充信息。由此可知，人们需要检查内容并添加信息，来提高Xiaoke的工作。故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据本文主要关于人工智能应用于科学领域的新闻报道。由此可推知，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的科学版面。故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段China Science Daily announced Thursday that it has used software to automatically generate news stories about the latest discoveries from the world’s leading science journals. The robot science reporter, called “Xiaoke”, was co-created by the newspaper and researchers from Peking University in about half a year.可知《中国科学日报》周四宣布，它已经使用软件从世界领先的科学期刊上自动生成关于最新发现的新闻报道。《机器人科学》的记者名叫“Xiaoke”‎ ‎，是由该报和北京大学的研究人员在大约半年的时间里共同创造的。结合本文主要讲述了人工智能应用于科学新闻报道的创作领域中，是人工智能更好地服务人类的一个创新点。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如今越来越多的石油公司正将资金投入碳补偿项目，以实现气候目标，其中包括荷兰皇家壳牌公司通过将其生产的碳信用额投放市场，从碳补偿项目中获利。但同时也受到一些环保人士的批评。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的Royal Dutch Shell is launching a $ 300 million and forestry program, at a time when an increasing number of oil companies are putting money in carbon offset plans to meet climate goals.( Royal Dutch Shell目前正在发起一个价值30亿美元的森林项目，这段时间越来越多石油公司把钱投入到碳补偿计划中来实现气候目标)可知，目前很多石油公司都在制定碳补偿计划。C. Working out carbon offset plans.(制定碳补偿计划)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的The company plans to produce carbon credits from the forestry projects, then sell these credits on to customers buying its oil and gas products, or apply the credits to its own operations to lower its carbon footprint.(该公司计划从森林项目来减少碳信用额，然后把这些信用额卖给购买石油和天然气产品的消费者，或者把这些信用额应用到它自己业务上，来降低碳足迹)可知，Royal Dutch Shell 通过把碳信用额投放到市场上来降低碳足迹。D. By putting carbon credits it produces on the market.(通过把它生产的碳信用额投放到市场上)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段的There is an entire debate about whether forestry projects truly reduce emissions or not," they said, pointing out that planting in one area could cause deforestation（滥伐森林）to another.( “关于林业项目是否真的减少了排放存在一个分歧”他们说。并指出在一个地区种植可能会导致另一个地区的滥伐森林)可知，环保主义者担心森林项目会导致其他地区的森林滥伐。C. The projects may lead to deforestation in other forests.(这些项目会导致其他森林被滥伐)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段的Shell’s move has also been criticized by some environmentalists.‎ ‎ They worried that there was a risk of " greenwash when companies invested in forestry projects.可知，壳牌公司的举动也受到了一些环保人事的批评，他们担心公司投资林业项目会出现greenwash的风险。结合句意，尤其是criticized和risk判断划线词是一个负向感情色彩的词，故推测它的意思是“虚假行为”。B. Cheat.(欺骗)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。远程办公，也称为在家工作，或电子通勤，是一种工作安排，员工在办公室外工作，经常在家或离家近的地方工作。文章说明了一些不能够通过远程办公进行的职业以及远程办公的优势。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据后文Doctors, dentists, and countless other healthcare workers of the world will always need to be hands-on with patients可知医生、牙医和世界上无数的医疗工作者总是需要亲自与病人打交道。由此可知，并不是所有的工作都适合远程工作。故G选项“然而，许多工作并不适合远程工作”符合上下文语境，故选G。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据下文 Scientists need to be in labs.可知科学家需要呆在实验室里。由此可知，此处在列举必须在工作场所进行工作的职业，故F选项“建筑工人需要在建筑工地工作”符合上下文语境，故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据后文Sometimes you might be easily distracted by home appliances such as washing machines, or you actually need supervision from your boss to concentrate on your work.可知有时你可能很容易被洗衣机等家用电器分散注意力，或者你实际上需要老板的监督才能专心工作。由此可知，上文中提到的“在家办公可以让你更有效率”并不一定是真的。故D选项“当然，这并不一定是真的”符合上下文语境，故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据后文Tele- commuters are also likely to be happier in their jobs and are therefore more likely to stay with the company. Telecommuting even saves companies money in office expenses (such as rent and stationery).可知远程通勤者也可能对工作更满意，因此更有可能留在公司。远程办公甚至可以节省公司的办公费用（如租金和办公用具）。由此可知，此处是在说明远程工作对于公司的好处。故C选项“这对公司有利”符合上下文语境，故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据后文Some people also find working from home to be a bit isolating, because you are not around your coworkers. Those who enjoy teamwork may lose their opportunity to bond with colleagues by teleconferencing alone.可知有些人还觉得在家工作有点孤立，因为你不在同事身边。那些喜欢团队合作的人可能会因为单独的电话会议而失去与同事建立联系的机会。由此可知，本段是在说明对于那些喜欢团队合作的人来说，可能会感觉远程工作会让他们失去与同事建立联系的机会，从而可能会导致员工感觉孤立的心理健康问题。故A选项“心理健康问题”符合上下文语境，故选A。‎ 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ ‎【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了从小对烹饪感兴趣的作者在工作初期的经历和他从工作中学到的待人之道。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信它能把人们团结在一起的力量，我从小就对烹饪很感兴趣。A. benefit利益；B. power力量；C. style风格；D. challenge挑战。食物是补充人体力量的，因此可以推断答案为B。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信它能把人们团结在一起的力量，我从小就对烹饪很感兴趣。A. role角色；B. regret遗憾；C. interest兴趣；D. limitation限制。结合后文作者成为了主厨可知，作者从小就对烹饪感兴趣。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家人会围坐在餐桌旁，讲故事，享受各种口味的经典Puerto Rican菜肴。A. enjoying欣赏；B. washing洗涤；C. cooking烹饪；D. collecting收集。根据后文dishes with all the flavors可知大家围坐在晚餐桌周围，品尝各种口味的食物。短语enjoy dishes“吃饭”。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家人会围坐在餐桌旁，讲故事，享受各种口味的经典 Puerto Rican菜肴。A. plain简单的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. balanced平衡的；D. classic经典的。这里想表达的意思应该是经典的、传统的Puerto Rican菜肴。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一家人围坐在一桌传统食谱旁的想法最终让我成为了露丝牛排屋的主厨兼副总裁。A. staff职员；B. family家庭；C. team队伍；D. group团体。文章中这里说的在一起吃饭的是一家人，故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一家人围坐在一桌传统食谱旁的想法最终让我成为了露丝牛排屋的主厨兼副总裁。A. certainly当然；B. reasonably合理地；C. eventually最后；D. obviously明显地。结合后文作者为了成为主厨付出的努力可知，一家人围坐在一桌传统食谱旁的想法最终让作者成为了主厨。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我找准我在公司的位置之前，我做过各种烹饪工作，尽管我是从一名洗碗工开始做起的，但我有一个梦想，那就是在令人兴奋的食品行业取得成功。A. finding找到；B. losing失去；C. trying尝试；D. leaving离开。根据后文my place within the company可知此处指在公司找准自己的位置。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我找准我在公司的位置之前，我做过各种烹饪工作，尽管我是从一名洗碗工开始做起的，但我有一个梦想，那就是在令人兴奋的食品行业取得成功。A. moved on继续前进；B. took off起飞；C. settled down定居；D. started out从……开始做起，出发。根据后文as a dishwasher可知作者从洗碗工做起。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，作为团队中的新手，我努力工作，我们的团队被命名为FILO（第一个来，最后一个结束），因为我们每天都早到晚走。A. old老的；B. green绿色的；C. busy忙碌的；D. clean干净的。“我”之前是一个洗碗工，所以我没什么烹饪经验，在团队中是一个新手。green hand“新手”。故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查连接词辨析。句意：后来，作为团队中的新手，我努力工作，我们的团队被命名为FILO（第一个来，最后一个结束），因为我们每天都早到晚走。A. when当……时候；B. whether是否；C. because因为；D. though虽然。此处为原因状语从句，表示“因为”用 because。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我和我们的创始人Ruth Fertel一起工作的时候，我开始意识到和谐的真正意义。Ruth Fertel对所有事情都有一个神奇的秘诀，不仅是她著名的牛排，还有人际关系，她把每个人都当作家人一样对待。A. realize意识到；B. doubt怀疑；C. conclude推断；D. forget忘记。根据后文the true meaning of harmony可知作者和创始人工作时认识到了和谐的真正内涵。come to realize“认识到”。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我和我们的创始人Ruth Fertel一起工作的时候，我开始意识到和谐的真正意义。Ruth Fertel对所有事情都有一个神奇的秘诀，不仅是她著名的牛排，还有人际关系，她把每个人都当作家人一样对待。A. rule规则；B. drug药品；C. show表演；D. recipe秘诀，食谱。这里表达的意思是Ruth Fertel女士有一套对待一切事物的神奇秘诀，不仅应用在她的拿手菜的做法而且适用于她对人际关系的处理。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我和我们的创始人Ruth Fertel一起工作的时候，我开始意识到和谐的真正意义。Ruth Fertel对所有事情都有一个神奇的秘诀，不仅是她著名的牛排，还有人际关系，她把每个人都当作家人一样对待。A. cakes蛋糕；B. steaks牛排；C. desserts甜点；D. cookies饼干。根据上文可知作者工作的地方是Ruth’s Chris Steak House，因此可以推断出创始人的有名的拿手菜是牛排。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我和我们的创始人Ruth Fertel一起工作的时候，我开始意识到和谐的真正意义。Ruth Fertel对所有事情都有一个神奇的配方，不仅是她著名的牛排，还有人际关系，她把每个人都当作家人一样对待。A. comforting安慰；B. greeting打招呼；C. treating对待；D. hugging拥抱。根据后文everyone like family可知她对待每个人都如同家人一般。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Ruth ‘s Chris餐厅工作让我在职业生涯的早期就有了一种归属感。A. belonging归属感，所有物；B. meaning意义；C. stress压力；D. security安全。上文提到创始人对待所有人都如同家人一般，由此可以推断出，这里让作者产生了归属感。故选A。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想确保这种感觉贯彻在我在Ruth’s Chris工作的时期。A. pulled拉；B. looked看；C. broke打破；D. carried搬运。在Ruth ‘s Chris餐厅工作让作者有了归属感，因此作者想确保这种感觉贯彻自己在这里的工作期间。此处考查短语carry though“贯彻”。故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不遗余力地照顾我的工作伙伴和每一个独特的客人，他们激励我继续做饭，给他们的脸上带来微笑。A. make制作；B. spare抽出；C. apply申请；D. contribute贡献。此处考查短语spare no effort to do“不遗余力做……”，spare前的do在动词之前表示强调，故选B。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不遗余力地照顾我的工作伙伴和每一个独特的客人，他们激励我继续做饭，给他们的脸上带来微笑。A. inspires鼓舞；B. reminds提醒；C. invites邀请；D. promises承诺。根据后文me to continue cooking可知作者看来自己的工作伙伴和顾客激励者自己继续做饭。短语inspire sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不遗余力地照顾我的工作伙伴和每一个独特的客人，他们激励我继续做饭，给他们的脸上带来微笑。A. flash闪光；B. shame羞愧；C. smile微笑；D. shadow阴影。作者烹饪肯定是为了给他人带来快乐，给他们的脸上带来微笑。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢做给他们留下深刻印象的菜肴，就像我的家人为我做的饭一样。A. general一般的；B. initial最初的；C. leading主导的；D. lasting持久的。此处为短语leave a lasting impression“给人留下深刻印象”。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】41. was invented 42. oldest 43. whom 44. the 45. turns 46. placed 47. from 48. comes 49. counting 50. simplify ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了围棋的游戏规则、来源等：是一款针对两个玩家的棋盘游戏，其目标是围绕比对手更多的领域。游戏是2500多年前在中国发明的，被认为是最古老的棋盘游戏，一直持续玩到现在。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词时态语态。和ago连用，所以用一般过去时态，句子主语和invent时间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was invented。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查最高级。前面有定冠词the，表示“最老的”，所以用最高级oldest作定语。故填oldest。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。先行词players为人，在非限制性定语从句中作介词的宾语，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。根据短语one…the other…“一个……另一个……”，故填the。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。根据短语take turns to do sth.表示“轮流做某事”。故填turns。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知place在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且句子主语和place之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填placed。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查介词。根据短语remove from表示“除掉，去掉”。故填from。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。主语为单数名词game，且根据后文is可知为一般现在时，故动词应用第三人称单数。故填comes。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟动名词作宾语。故填counting。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：老师可能会简化解释，对学生说：“你可以把石头放在棋盘上的任何一点上，但如果我把石头围起来，我就会可以它移走”。放在情态动词后面作谓语表示“简化”故用动词simplify。故填simplify。‎ ‎【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。‎ 如第六小题，分析句子结构可知place在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且句子主语和place之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填placed。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎【答案】1．look→looking;‎ ‎2．actively→active;‎ ‎3．student→students;‎ ‎4．by→with ‎5．that→which;‎ ‎6．my去掉；‎ ‎7．go→went;‎ ‎8．exciting→excited;‎ ‎9．such后加a；‎ ‎10．but→and ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者从2016年开始跑步，希望锻炼身体，介绍了自己的跑步计划。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：我从2016年开始跑步，希望锻炼身体。本句中短语look forward to做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语I构成主动关系应用现在分词。故loo改为looking。‎ ‎2.考查形容词。句意：每个工作日，我和其他学生一起在跑道上跑步，保持活跃。stay为系动词，后跟形容词作表语。故actively改为active ‎3.考查名词的数。句意同上。student为可数名词，由other“其他的”修饰应用复数形式。故student改为students。‎ ‎4.考查固定短语。句意：在周末，我和父亲一起出去探索我居住的社区。固定短语in company with sb.“和某人一起”，故by改为with。‎ ‎5.考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词neighborhood，且做介词in的宾语，指“社区”，应用关系代词which。故that改为which。‎ ‎6.考查固定短语。句意：如果天气不好，我通常会利用家里的跑步机。固定短语take advantage of“利用”，故my去掉。‎ ‎7.考查动词时态。句意：前几天我去跑步了22公里。根据上文the other day“前几天”可知应用一般过去时，故go改为went。‎ ‎8.考查形容词。句意：我非常激动。此处修饰人的感情应用-ed结尾形容词，故exciting改为excited。‎ ‎9.考查冠词。句意：哇，我跑了这么远的距离。distance为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一段长距离”应用不定冠词，且long为辅音音素开头的单词，故such后加a。‎ ‎10.考查连词。句意：我计划在接下来的几周内继续增加距离，我相信我能做到。结合上下文语境可知为承接关系，故but改为and。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎【答案】Dear Jack,‎ Knowing that you are interested in our “Love Into Nursing Home” activity, I am glad to share some details with you.‎ It is universally acknowledged that respecting the old is Chinese traditional culture. To promote our tradition we launched an activity at the nursing home last Saturday. On arriving there early in the morning, we gave them our presents and did some cleaning for the elderly. At noon, we made dumplings and cakes with them. What a day!‎ We all benefit a lot from the activity and hope we can participate in more instructive activities in the future. I wonder if your school organized similar charity activities as well.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack对你校开展的“养老院献爱心（Love Into Nursing Home）”活动很感兴趣，发邮件向你咨询相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1. 活动目的；2. 活动内容；3. 你的感受。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：be interested in (感兴趣)；Love Into Nursing Home (养老院献爱心)；share with(分享)；launch(启动)等。 ‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时和一般现在时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如It is universally acknowledged that respecting the old is Chinese traditional culture.运用主语从句；On arriving there early in the morning, we gave them our presents and did some cleaning for the elderly.非谓语动词的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎