2018-2019学年江苏省南京市高二上学期期末考试 英语 Word版

2018-2019学年江苏省南京市高二上学期期末考试 英语 Word版

南京市2018-2019学年度第一学期期末调研测试卷 ‎ 高二英语 2019. 01‎ ‎ 本试卷共12页,包含选择题（第1题至笫70题，共70题）、非选择题（第71题 至第81题，共11题）两部分。本卷满分为120分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后， 请将答题纸交回。‎ 第二部分听力（共两节，满分20分）‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. How does the man prefer to go to work? ‎ A. By car. B. By bus. C. On foot.‎ ‎2. What’s the time now?‎ A. 10:10. B. 10:30. C. 11:00.‎ ‎3. What are the speakers talking about? ‎ A. A dinner out. B. A trip to Hainan. C. A birthday gift.‎ ‎4. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Salesperson and customer. B. Cook and customer. C. Doctor and patient.‎ ‎5. Where are the speakers?‎ A. In a university. B. In a housing agency. C. In a lost and found.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分I5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6. What does the man do? .‎ A. He hosts a TV programme.‎ B. He interviews job applicants. ‎ C. He monitors the morning news.‎ ‎7. What doesn't the man like about his job?‎ A.He cannot sleep late every morning.‎ B.He is always recognized on the street.‎ C.He has to arrartge interviews with people.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。‎ ‎8. What is good about the sunglasses?‎ A. They are the latest style. B. They have a guarantee. ‎ C. They are the leading brand.‎ ‎9. How much does the woman pay finally? ‎ A. Sixty-five dollars. B. Fifty-five dollars. C. Fifty dollars.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What are the speakers doing? ‎ A. Eating out. B. Preparing dinner. C.Ordering take-out.‎ ‎11. Why do they choose Wong's?‎ A. It's quick. B. It's cheap! C. It's close.‎ ‎12. What would the woman like to have?‎ A. Pizza. B. Chicken. C. Pork.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What is Jason supposed to do?‎ A. To pick up the minibus. B. To have the minibus fixed. C.To meet people at the airport.‎ ‎14. What is true about Andy Jefferson?‎ A. He is tall and fat. B. He likes running.C. He is full of energy.‎ ‎15.Which subject will Nancy Mather teach?‎ A.IT B. Mathematics. C. Industrial arts.‎ ‎16. What is Dr. Keating like?‎ A. He is an average guy. B. He is middle-aged.C. He has black hair.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What does the speaker think of the Middle Ages?‎ A. They were the Dark Ages. ‎ B. They were an interesting time. ‎ C.They were full of artistic works.‎ ‎18. Where was the modern game of chess developed?‎ A.In India. B.In Persia. C. In Spain.‎ ‎19. In which room can we see the fountain pen?‎ A. Room 11B. B.Room，12A. C. Room 12B.‎ ‎20. What is the speaker doing?‎ A.Teaching history. B.Having a meeting. C. Conducting a tour.‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用 第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） ‎ ‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。21.The application of VR in classroom teaching received a mixed among students.‎ A. explanation B. motivation C.reception D. adaptation ‎22. —What bad weather! I'm afraid the trip Will be canceled.‎ ‎—it Would clear up _tomorrow.‎ A. Even if B.If only C.Only if D.As if ‎ ‎23. To protect the envionment,many firms in downtown New York encourage their emploees to use ‎ ‎ means of transportation,rather than the car.‎ A. primitive B.alternative C.reliable D.adequate ‎24. Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba has fully food-delivery startup Ele.me to expand its business.‎ A.allocated B.advocated C.acquired D.adopted ‎25.Behind this shop lies a nonprofit organization, helping survivors of drug and alcohol addiction,violence and other horrible experiences.‎ A.one B.the one C.that D. which ‎26.French piesident Macron. an olive branch to “yellow vests” by promising a tax cut.‎ A.help B. held on C. held out D.held back ‎27.Start by looking at the clues behind you, if you want to know lies ahead for housing prices in 2020. ‎ A.What B.that C. where D. which ‎28.In fact，custoimbrs’ relatively optimistic comments the awful pain of the auto company.‎ A. shelter B. mask C.expand D. guarantee ‎29. Without the ticket you gave to me, I able to go to the concert tomorrow.‎ A.weren’t B.won't be C.wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been ‎30. Owing to his fault, Kipropis banned from training, competing, with other athletes.‎ A.regardless of B. in favor of C.in regard to D.let alone ‎31. in smog as the pollution worsened, many cities of the Yangtze River Delta region had to close several freeways;‎ A.Blacketed B. Having blanketed C. Being blanketed D. Blanketing ‎32.— I love the movie Venom so much!‎ ‎ —Me too. The box office is reported approximately $2 billion.‎ A.reathing B. having reached C. to reach D. to have reached ‎33.Jingong, one of the greatest kongfu fiction writers in China,built a magic kingdom people could escape into every now and then. ‎ A.as B. whose C. that D. where ‎34. Alice had graduated from university and as a volunteer in the countryside when I corttaeted her last year.‎ A. has been working B. was working C. has worked D.had worked ‎35.-You dont't look so well, Betty. What's the matter with you? ‎ ‎ -I'm going to Have the first round of interview tomorrow, so I'm .‎ A.on clotld niffe B.feeling hot under the collar C. feeling down in the dumps D.feeling butterflies in my stomach 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ ‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ Growing up in Georgin the 1970s, I always felt that the bad old day of Southern prejudice(偏见)and ignorance had passed and that we were 36 a new South built upon hard-won racial equality,chairty and the sense that no one was 37 than anyone else.‎ ‎ I'm not so 38 anymore,Lately I feel like our moral compass has been 39 ,spinning to intolerance, greed and meanness.‎ ‎ In times of 40 ,I put my faith in Elvis Presley, who 41 the South's better angles. He was a hard worker, and _42_ he lived the high life, he never that he had been born into 43 . I don't think you'll 44 hear an interview with the man when he didn't express 45 for all that life had given him.‎ ‎ And he Was a self-made talent, perhaps the 46 entertainer of all time, born in a two-room shack (棚屋）in Tupelo, Miss. I've been there many times, reflecting on what it says about America.‎ Greaitness can be bom 47 .‎ ‎ Elvis was famous for his generosity- 48 cars, expensive gifts and other handouts to anyone in need. That's how the Presleys 49 the Great Depressidn(l929-1933). His father Vernon was a laborer who was often out of 50 , and the Presleys relied on the kindness of family and neighbors to get them 51 the hard time.‎ ‎ Today’s politicians please the crowds With messages that praise the rich and powerful and think of the poor as 52 their fate, 53 ,the crowds believe that their problems could be solved if only the poor people below them didn't 54 so much. To blame an immigrant (移民)for “ 55 ” a job, instead of the CEO who won't pay a living wage.‎ ‎ Yet, I still believe, as Elvis once said, “Truth is like the sun. You can shut it out for a time, but it ain't goin’ away.” ‎ ‎36.A. entering B.finishing C. deserting D. keeping ‎37. A.taller B. better C.smarter D.prettier ‎38. A.worried B.sure C. happy D. calm ‎39. A. checked B. fixed C. broken D. adjusted ‎40. A. danger B. war C. trouble D. debt ‎41. A. considered B. changed C. improved D. represented ‎42. A. after B. since C. although D. because ‎43. A. honor B.Wealth C.fame D.poverty ‎44. A. never B. ever C. always D. still ‎45. A. concern B. anger C. appreciation D. surprise ‎46. A. greatest B. richest C.youngest D. handsomest ‎47. A. nowhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. anywhere ‎48. A. giving away B. taking Lip C.picking up D. putting away ‎ ‎49. A. suffered B, survived C. faced D. avoided ‎50. A. work B. mind C. action D.breath ‎51.A.by B.over C.behind D.through ‎52. A.fighting B.escaping C.ignoring D.deserving ‎53. A.Consequently B.Fortunately C.Surprisingly D.Disappointedly ‎54. A.reflect B.ask for C.take on D.care for ‎55. A.losing B.cutting C.stealing D.taking 第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ ‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ A BBC SHOP Entertaining. Informing. Inspiring. ‎ WHAT A RELIEF!‎ ‎ Delight everyone on your holiday gift list with great gifts from the BBC.‎ ‎ You'll eaen heartfelt thanks from nature loves for planet Earth I ＆ II:The Complete ‎ Collection(page 41)-inspiring look at our planet's wildest,most mysterious creatures and their breathaking home.‎ ‎ -from mystery lovers for Sherlock: Complete Seasom 1-4 and The Abominable Bride Giftset(page13) -entertaining proof that Holmes can be difficult, dangerous, accurate, and absolute funny …and from those who appreciate all things British. Delight Charles Dickens fans with Dickensian (page 7), and the new drama series with more adventures for Dickens’ characters... Dinner with Dickens Cookbook (page 9) with procedures for his favorite dishes…and Tom Baker Reads "A Christmas poem " (page 8) for a wonderful new holiday tradition. ‎ ‎ THE MOMENT ‎ Welcome to murder, suspense, romance, robbery and clothing in this exciting historical drama! Trouble begins for Rachel Grinder the day she inherits a 1arge diamond stolen from a Hindu When it disappears again, suspicion falls on Franklin Blake, the man who loves her. But what about mysterious cousin Godfrey, the housemaid with a thieving past, and doctor who experiments with opium(鸦片)？ Blake must discover the fate of the Moonstone or lose Rachel forever. A powerful tale and emptionally sudden change, based on the first-ever English detective novel by Wikie Collins 33/4 hours. DVD 21024: $34.99 YOUR PRICE: $27.98‎ WALKERS CHRISTMAS TREE SHORTBREAD AND TINS ‎ Santa and a beautiful Angel put the finishing touches on Christmas tree tins-perfect centerpieces and holiday decorations that your family and friends will enjoy year.‎ ‎ Lift the treetops and taste the delicious secret inside: pure butter shortbreak shaped like mini- christmas trees, and made from only finest ingredients-flour,butter,sugar and salt.‎ ‎ Baked in the village of Aberlour in the Scottish Highlands,they follow a geherations-old familly procedure,first ‎ shortb啦d will disappear as if by magic, the tins will hold your holiday cookies and candy for many Christmases to come. Wonderful hostess gifts. Al1ge,21042 ＄19.98‎ Both tins: 6 hx43/4d. net wt 4.4oz ‎ santa 21043 $19.98‎ ‎56. According to the material, which of the fllowing is TRUE?‎ A. Things British in this shop are created by Charles Dickens.‎ B. Gifts for mystery lovers provide a differed understanding of HoLmes.‎ C.If your mum is a home baker, you can read Page 41 for a gift for her D. The drama “THE MOMENT' takes on a traditional triangle love story.‎ ‎57.What can be learned about the shortbread? ‎ A. It is kept in a tin with both Angel and Santa on it.‎ B.It tastes delicious with man-made ingredients inside.‎ C. It is baked following a traditional procedure in Scotland.‎ D. It usually disappears in a magic way together with the tin.‎ B ‎ What is the single most effective way to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions? Go vegetarian (素食)？ Replant the Amazon? Cycle to work? None of the above. The answer is: make air-conditioners better. On one calculation, replacing refrigerants (制冷剂）damaging the atmosphere would reduce total greenhouse gases equaling 90bn tonnes of CO2 by 2050. Making the units more energy-efficient could double that. By contrast; if half the world5s population gave up meat, it would save 66bn tonnes. Replanting two-thirds of tropical forests would save 61bn tonnes. A one-third increase in global bicycle journeys, just 2.3bn tonnes.‎ ‎ Air-conditioning is one of the world's great overlooked industries. Automobiles and air-coriditioners were invented at roughly the saine time, and both have had a huge impact on where people live and work. Unlike cars, though, air-conditioners have drawn little criticism for their social impact, emissions or energy efficiency. Most hot countries do not have rules to govern their energy use. There is not even a common English word for “coolth”（the opposite of warmth).‎ ‎ Yet air--conditioning has done more than most things to benefit humankind. Lee Kuan Yew, the first prime minister of Singapore, called it “perhaps one of the signal inventions of history”.It has transformed productivity in the tropics (热带地区）and helped turn southern China, into the workshop of the World. In Europe, its spread has pushed down heat-related deaths to 10% since ‎ 2003, when 70,000 more people than usual, most of them elderly, died in a heatwave. For children,‎ air-conditioned classrooms are associated with better grades at school. ‎ ‎ Environmentalists who call air-conditioning “a luxury we cannot afford”have half point,however .In the next years,as many air-conditioners will be installed (安装）around the world as were put in between 1902(invention)and 2005.Unless energy can be produced without carbon emissions,these extra machines will Warm the World .At the air-conditioners create a vieious cycle.The more the Earth warms,the more people need them.But the more there are,the warmer the world will be.‎ ‎ Cutting the impact of cooling requires things.First air-conditioners must become much more efficient.The most energy-efficient models on the market today consume only about one-third as much electnicity as average ones, Minimum energy-performance standards need to be raised, or introduced in countries that lack them altogether, to push the average unit's performance closer to the standard of the best.‎ ‎ Next,manufacturers should stop using damaging refrigerants. One type called hydronuoro- carbons, is over 1,000 times worse than carbon dioxide when it comes to trapping heat in the atmosphere. An international agreement to knock out these pollutants will come into force in 2019.‎ ‎ Last, more could be done to design offices, malls and even cities so they do not need as many air-conditioners in the first place. More buildings should be built with overhanging roofs or balconies for shade, or with natural ventilation (自然通风).Simply painting roofs white can help keep temperatures down. Providing indoor air-conditioned comfort need not come at the expense of an overheating world.‎ ‎58. What's the most effective way to reduce carbon gases?‎ A.Planting more trees. B. Leading green lifestyles.‎ C.Improving cooling systems. D. Buying new air-conditioners.‎ ‎59. What can we learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3?‎ A. Air-conditioning enables factories to produce more in hot areas.‎ B. The heat-related deaths have dropped by 10% since 2003 in Europe.‎ C. There are many factories producing air-conditioners in southern China.‎ D. Air-conditioners have received little criticism for they have no negative impact.‎ ‎60. Why do environmentalists call air-conditioning “a luxury we cannot afford” in Paragraph 4?‎ A. Because the price of air-conditioning is too high.‎ B. Because you can’t afford the time for installation.‎ C. Because the cost of energy consumption is too high.‎ D.Because the earth will suffer from its carbon emissions.‎ ‎61.impact of cooling?‎ A. design natural cooling buildings B. raise standards for energy-performance C. make laws for international cooperation ‎ D. stop applying harmful refrigerants to production ‎ A. abc B. abd C. acd D. bed C ‎ ①About 43.5 million Americans are taking care of aging relatives and friends, sacrificing(牺牲）time, money and sometimes their careers and personal health. They are doing the work of professional caregivers,who spend years training for the job. As baby boomers age, the demand for unpaid caregivers is rising is rising Meanwhile, the number of them is dropping rapidly thanks to smaller family sizes. higher divorce rates and increasingly demanding jobs. This November, actor Rob Lowe offered to tell his story and send some encouragement to the millions struggling to care for a loved one.‎ ‎ ②I had my first experience with unpaid caregiving fairly early.My father,Charles,was diagnosed(诊断) with lymphoma at age 50 I was 26.Luchily,he was financilly successful and had a loving wife,my stepmother.It was challenging ,but she there foe him.But two years later,they divorced.I've always thought it had to do with the stress from taking care of my father.‎ ‎ ③Ln my late 30s,my mother,Barbara Hepler,was diagnosed with stage 4 breast cancer.That was when I this introduced to front lines of what so many millions are are experiencing .She did not ‎ have a husband or a signficant other,so it fell to me my two brothers to handle evevrything from her initial diagnosis to doctor shopping,treatment options,driving her to appointments and ,finally,the end of life-which was profoundly difficult,obviously.‎ ‎ ④At the time,I was starring in and producing a network television show,The Lyon's Den.It was fighting for its ratings life.If I took time ‎ If I took time off, the show would be canceled.I was responsible for 150 members, so I had to find a way to do both.‎ ‎ ⑤Besides,there is the negotiation of medical coverage, which requires phone calls, weeding fug paperwork and talking to insurance companies and doctors. I remember thinking, Jesus Christ.if I were sick and had to do this on my own? I don't think I could get out of bed in the morning.‎ ‎ ⑥The people we are talking about—the friends and family members who are out there doing important work—are unpaid. Watching a loved one go through an illness, possibly ending in death, is stressful and depressing. Add economic and scheduling burdens, and the load for caregivers is heavy. To them I say, Don’t forget about yourself. When you get on an airplane, the crew says, Secure your own mask first before helping others.” Why? Because without you taking care of yourself, you can't take care of anybody else. That's why I've partnered with EMD Serono and EmbracingCarers.com，where you'll find invaluable information regarding everything you'll be, or are，going through. ‎ ‎62. What's the main idea of the first paragraph?‎ A. A large number of Americans are taking care of their loved ones.‎ B. Unpaid caregivers are in great demand due to a variety of reasons.‎ C.Taking care of aging relatives and friends is increasingly demanding.‎ D. Many Americans have received training to become professional caregivers.‎ ‎63. Why does Rob Lowe mention his father’s case?‎ A. To indicate the possible stress of a carer.‎ B. To introduce his family's medical history.‎ C. To emphasize the importance of being healthy.‎ D.To prove Charles5 luck of having a loving wife.‎ ‎64. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 probably mean?‎ A. The TV show was then struggling to win a larger audience.‎ B. The TV show was quite popular among local unpaid caregivers.‎ C. The TV show was fighting to be allowed to shoot more seasons.‎ D.The TV show was about patients who were fighting against diseases.‎ ‎65.Which of the following could probably be the best title? ‎ A.What makes a good carer? ‎ B.Where are the caregivers?‎ D.Who cares for the carer? ‎ C.Why are carers necessary?‎ D ‎ Mr.and Mrs.Wormwood had a son called Michael and a daughter called Matilda.who was so quick to learn that her ability should have been obvious even to the most stupid parents.But they were both so wrapped up in their own silly little lives that failed to notice anything unusual about their dautghter.To tell the truth,I doubt they would have noticed had she crawled into the house with a broken leg.‎ ‎ By the age of one and a half her speech was perfect and she knew as many words as most grown-ups. The.parents, instead of praising her, called her a noisy chatterbox and told her a noisy chatterbox and told her sharply that small girls should be seen and not heard.‎ ‎ By the time she was three, Matilda had taught taught herself to read by studying newspapers and ‎ magazines that lay around the house. At the age of four, she could read fast and well and she naturally began seeking for books. The only book in the whole of this enlightened household was something called Easy Cooking belonging to her mother, and when she had read this from cover to cover, and had learnt all the recipes by heart, she decided she wanted something more interesting. ‎ ‎ “Daddy,”'she said, “do you think you could buy me a book?‎ ‎ “A book?” he said.“What do you want a book for?”‎ ‎ “To read,-Daddy.” ‎ ‎ “What's wrong with the telly? We've got a lovely telly with a twelve-inch screen and now you come asking for a book!” ‎ ‎ Nearly every. weekday afternoon Matilda was left alone in the house. Her brother went to school. Her father went to work and her mother went out playing bingo. On the afternoon of the day when her father had refused to buy her a book, Matilda set out all by herself to walk to the public library in the village. She asked Mrs. Phelps, the librarian, if she might sit a while and read a book.‎ ‎ Mrs. Phelps, slightly surprised at the arrival of such a tiny girl unaccompanied by a parent,nevertheless told her she was very welcome.‎ ‎ “Where are the children^ books please! Matilda asked.‎ ‎ “They're over there on those lower shelves,” Mrs. Phelps told her. “Would you like me to help you find a nice one with lots of pictures in it?” ‎ ‎ “No, thank you,Matilda said. “I’m sure I can manage.”‎ ‎ From then on, every afternoon, as soon as her mother had left for bingo, Matilda would walk down to the library, where she spent two glorious hours sitting quietly by herself in a cosy corner devouring one book after another. When she had read every single children’s book in the place, she started wandering around in search of something else.‎ ‎ Mrs. Phelps, who had been watching her with interest for the past few weeks, now got up from her desk and went over to her. “Can I help you, Matilda?” she asked.‎ ‎ “I'm wondering what to read next,”Matilda said, “I've finished all the children's books.”‎ ‎ “You mean you've looked at the pictures?”‎ ‎ “Yes ,but I've read the books as well. I thought some were very poor,but others were lovely.I like The Secret Garden best of all.It was full of mystery.The mystery of the room behind the closed door and the mystery of the garden behind the gig wall.”‎ ‎ Mrs.Phelps was stunned. “Exactly how old are you,Matilda? ”she asked.‎ ‎ “Four years and three months,”Matildar said. “I would like a really good book that grown-ups read.A famous one. ”‎ ‎ Mrs.Phelps looked along the shelves, taking her time. “Try this,” she said at last.‎ ‎ “It's very famous and very good.If it’s too long for you, just let me know.”‎ ‎ “Great Expectations,” Matilda read, “by Charles Dickens. I'd love to try it.”‎ ‎66.What does the writer think of Matilda's parents?‎ A.They were too busy to pay attention to her.‎ B.They were too traditional to educate a girl. C.They were too caring to put pressure on her.‎ D.They were too ignorant to raise children properly.‎ ‎67. What does the writer want to say by mentioning the name of the book that the family had?‎ A.It is a good book for a little girl. ‎ B The family doesn’t have a real book.‎ C.The mother likes cooking very much.,‎ D.The family needs something interesting.‎ ‎68. Which of the following words can best describe Matilda?‎ A.Original. B.Hardworking. C.Independent. D.Delightful.‎ ‎69. Why did Mrs. Phelps ask Matilda how old she was?‎ A. She wanted to have a light conversation with her.‎ B. She thought she might need guidance while reading.‎ C. She wanted to find the best book for children of her age. ‎ D. She was surprised at her mature understanding of books.‎ ‎70. What do you think Mrs. Phelps would do after Matilda got Great Expectations?‎ A. She would read together with the little girl.‎ B. She would show her how to read the book.‎ C. She would watch her from behind her desk.‎ D. She would tell her how great the book was.‎ 第四部分任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) ‎ ‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个适当的单词。‎ 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上，每个空格只填1个单词。‎ worth more ‎ The 17th-century French tragedian Pierre Corneille wrote: “The manner of giving is w orth more than the gift.”He had a point, according to Charles Spence, head of the Crossmodal Research Laboratory at the University of Oxford.‎ ‎ The professor's work focuses on how our brains sense the world around us. His research has shown that high-frequency sounds and curved shapes seem to increase the sweetness in fo0山 wine tastes better if it is accompanied by the popping sound of a cork and drunk from a heavy All these created multisensory experiences.‎ ‎ So, what's his advice if you want to impress this holiday season?‎ ‎ Bulk it up ‎ ‎ “We've just published research on eating a box of chocolates，” Mr. Spence said. “If you hide a 30-gram weight in a box of chocolates, that weight translates to a significant increase perceived(感知）quality of the chocolate.” ‎ ‎ There are exceptions，but the association between weight and the perception of luxury (奢侈）applies to many items including tableware, perfume(香水)and wine, Mr. Spence said. “That s w y in a restaurant, a waiter might artfully give you the bottle to weigh in your hand，” he added.‎ ‎ Black is basic ‎ ‎ Black is the color most associated with luxury because, Mr. Spence said, “it seems to be the color that we perceive to be the heaviest. ”‎ ‎ Such luxury indications are learned, rather than inborn, so they can change over time. “I m doing a lot of work on transparency(透明）at the moment; high-quality packaged goods should have a transparent window because it suggests freshness or quality，” he said.‎ ‎ But the trend is recent, the professor added, because “traditionally luxury goods used to have nontransparent packaging. 1 think it has to do. with the current desire for originality.”‎ ‎ Layer it on ‎ ‎ Unnecessary wrapping(包，裹）can be an ecological concern but, when it comes to luxury goods like wine in a presentation case, it does make an impression.‎ ‎“Tissue layers are really good,” Mr. Spence said，“because the crinkle adds an extra sense to the experience.”‎ ‎ Consider a little perfume in the box or wrapping, and, if you want to involve other senses,‎ ‎ work out some way for classical music to be playing when the gift is opened because we associate it with quality.‎ ‎ Engaging several senses at once is beneficial. “The brain combines the inputs from each sense， both to determine what something is, but also to determine a reward value,” Mr. Spence said. Also the more stimuli(刺激）to the senses, the more activity is produced in the orbitofrontal cortex, a small part of brain situated just beside the eyes. And the more activity there, the more rewarding something is perceived to be.‎ ‎ You can go too far ‎ “Engaging an extra sense is more effective, but you can potentially have a disagreement if that extra sense doesn't match the others.” the professor said.‎ 第五部分 书面表达（共1题，满分25分）‎ ‎81.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ ‎ You return from work on a hot August evening. Your unwashed son is on the sofa playing Honor of Kings, as he has been doing for the past eight hours* Not for the first time, you ask yourself: why are school summer holidays so insufferably long?‎ ‎ This is a more serious question than it sounds. Many children will return from the long break ‎ having forgotten much of what they were taught the previous year. One study from the American South found that this “summer learning loss” could be as high as a quarter of the year’s education.‎ ‎ Students will hate the idea of a longer school year. But plenty of children could usefully spend a bit longer at their books. More time in school need not mean repeating the same old lessons. Some extra drilling would be beneficial, particularly for those falling behind. But the summer could also be a time for different kinds of learning. Schools should be free to experiment.‎ ‎【写作内容】 ‎ ‎1.用约30个单词写出上文概要；‎ ‎2.用约120个单词阐述你对暑假长度的看法，并提出至少两条合理利用暑假时间的建议。 ‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎