专题13特殊句式（倒装句、省略句、强调句）-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

专题13特殊句式（倒装句、省略句、强调句）-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

‎ ‎ ‎【2019年高考命题预测】‎ 高考研究特殊句型是英语学习中必须掌握的难点知识，熟练地掌握和使用对提高应试能力有很大的帮助。通过近几年试题的分析与研究，主要从以下几个方面进行考查：倒装句、强调句、省略句和独立主格结构。在学习时，首先应弄清楚如何正确地使用，其次要在具体的语境中灵活使用。‎ ‎【考点定位】2019考纲解读和近几年考点分布 （1） 考纲要求 从近几年高考试题来看，特殊句式主要考查倒装句、省略句和强调句的用法。特殊句式比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。‎ （2） 命题规律 一、高考命题对倒装的考查比较频繁，倒装句经常与动词时态融合一起考查。‎ 二、近几年高考中，主要考查了强调句的基本结构，省略句主要和非谓语动词一起考查。‎ 三、高考命题对特殊句式考查的综合性和情景性越来越强。‎ ‎【考点pk】 名师考点透析 强调句、倒装句和省略句 强调句 考点l 强调句结构及其中的who和that ‎①It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again．正是在战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。‎ ‎②It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed．那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的。‎ ‎③It is when he got back that he knew what had happened．他回来后才知道所发生的情况。‎ ‎④It was the goat’s eyes that he had seen in the darkness．他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。‎ 特别提示 强调句中的主谓一致性：当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词 应与主语一致，即人称和数要一致。如：‎ ‎①It is my mother who cooks every day．每天煮饭的是我妈妈。‎ ‎②It is he who is wrong．是他错了。‎ 考例：If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory ____ he will turn to for it.‎ A．where B．that C．which D．what 考点二 强调状语部分 ‎①It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years．他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语。(强调时间)‎ ‎②It was where you have questions that you’d better make a mark．最好在你有疑问的地方做个记号。(强调地点)‎ ‎③n was because she was ill that she didn’t come to the party．她没来参加聚会是因为她病了。(强调原因)‎ ‎④It is as the Party tells us that we must do．我们必须做的就是听从党的安排。(强调方式)‎ ‎⑤It is as long as you promise to be back before 8：00 that you can go out．只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去。(强调条件)‎ ‎①It wasn’t until I got off the bus that I realized it．直到下车我才意识到这一点。(强调句)‎ ‎②Not until I got off the bus did I realize it．直到下车我才意识到这一点。(倒装句)‎ 考例：It was not until midnight ____ we got home because of traffic jams.‎ A．that B．when C．while D．as 考点3 强调句的疑问句 ‎1．一般疑问句。结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?如：‎ Was it during the Anti．Japanese War that he died?他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗?‎ ‎2．特殊疑问句。结构为：特殊疑问词(what/Who/when/Why/‎ Where/How)+is/was it+that/who+句子其他成分?如：‎ Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?为什么这儿不允许吸烟? ‘‎ 考点4 强调句与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析 ‎2．定语从句的引导词(即关系代词和关系副词)在从句的使用过程中较为丰富，如who，that，which，whose，when，where，why等，与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系；而强调句中的引导词只有who和that，强调人时，用who或that，强调其他时，只用that，且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系。如：‎ ‎①It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high schoo1．‎ 那是2009年，她高中毕业的时候。(定语从句)‎ ‎①It is three years since he joined the army．自他参军以来已有三年了。‎ ‎②It is many years since he smoked．他没有吸烟已有好多年了。‎ ‎(2)It is/will(not)be+时间段+before从句。表示”要过多久(不久)才……”，before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时。如：‎ It won’t be long before you reach your goal．你离成功不远了。‎ ‎(3)It Was+时间段+before从句。表示”过了多久才……”。before从句后的谓语动词多用一般过去时。如：‎ It was four hours before he finished the work,过了四小时他才完成工作。‎ 考例：It is_________ Tom often breaks the school roles_________ makes his teacher unsatisfied ‎ with him．‎ A．what：that B．that；what C．that；that D．which ;that ‎【答案】C 考点5 谓语动词的强调 强调句“It is/was…that…”一般不强调谓语动词，如果要强调谓语，用助动词do，does或did。如：The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1．家里的确设法让他上技术学校。‎ 倒装句 考点1 全部倒装 Now comes your turn!该你了 ‎3．当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be，come，sit，live，stand，lie，exist等时，常用全部倒装。如：‎ On the ground lay an old man，who was dying．地上躺着一位老人，奄奄一息。‎ ‎4．such作表语，置于句首，表示“这样的人/事物；上述的人/事物”。be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。如：‎ Such is their decision．他们的决定就是这样。‎ 考例：At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China.‎ A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。‎ 考点2 部分倒装 只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。主要有：‎ 情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同，so相当于indeed，certainly。如：‎ ‎①Mary has learned by heart 200 words，and So have I．玛丽已经记住了200个单词，我也是这样。‎ ‎②——The girls study hard．这些女孩学习刻苦。‎ ‎——so they do．她们的确如此。‎ ‎3．在以never，seldom，not only，rarely，scarcely，in no way等否定或半否定词开头的句中用部分倒装。如：‎ Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery．我想象不到会看到这样美妙的景色。‎ ‎6．在hardly…when，no sooner…than，not until句型中，主句须部分倒装。如：‎ Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow．他一到，天就下起雪来了。‎ ‎7．as引导的让步状语从句结构为：形容词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语。如： ‎ ‎8．在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should置于句首。如：‎ Were I in your position，1 would not go．我要是在你的位置上，我是不会去的。‎ ‎9．however，no matter how引导的让步状语从句。如：‎ However hard he worked，he couldn’t solve the problem．不管多努力，他就是解决不了那个问题。 ‎ 考例：1.We laugh at jokes，but seldom ______ about how they work．‎ A．we think B．think we ‎ C．we do think D．do we think ‎2.Never______ Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute.‎ ‎ A．did we think B．have we thought ‎ C．we thought D．we have thought ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】倒装结构。当否定词never，not，hardly，seldom等放在句首的时候，句子要部分倒装，根据语意可知，应用一般过去时，因此选A项。‎ ‎3.Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him.‎ A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun 省略句 考点 省略句的几个考察要点 考点省略句的几个考查要点英语中，有时为了避免重复，往往省去一个词或一些成分，‎ 这种语法现象称为省略。主要考查点有：‎ ‎1．简单句的省略。‎ 祈使句省略主语you；某些句子结构省略谓语；部分问句同时省略主谓语；疑问句的答语省略；感叹句的省略；年龄和钟点的省略等。如：‎ ‎2．比较结构的省略。‎ 在”the+比较级，the+比较级”结构中，可以省略be；由than和as引导的比较句式中的省略。如：‎ ‎①The sooner(you do it)，the better(it will be)．(你做得)越快，(结果就会)越好。‎ ‎②The longer the wire(is)，the greater the resistance(is)．导线越长，电阻就越大。‎ ‎3．主从复合句中的省略。‎ ‎(1)宾语从句中，连词that常省略，但当多个宾语从句并列时，只能省略第一个。如：‎ ‎①If so(=If it is so)，you must go back and bring it here．如果是这样的话，你必须回去把它拿来。‎ ‎②Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street．过街时当心车辆。‎ ‎(3)定语从句的省略。作宾语的关系代词的省略或省略到用分词作定语。如：‎ The car(which/that)his father gave him as a birthday present was stolen．他父亲作为生日礼物送给他的那辆汽车被盗了。‎ ‎(4)在含有were，had，should的虚拟条件句中if的省略。在这种情况下若if省略，常将were，had，should等提到句首，主谓部分倒装。如：‎ Were I a bird，I could fly．如果我是一只鸟，我就能飞。‎ 考例：1.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult. ‎ ‎ A. once B. when C. if D. unless ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】考查省略的状语从句的连接词。句意应为“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”表示“除非”用unless。该句式构成了“连词+过去分词”结构。‎ ‎2.though ______ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome。‎ A. surprise B was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised ‎4．not，so，neither，nor的替代性省略。动词believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，suppose，think等和I’m afraid后面可用替代词so或not来避免重复前面提到的内容。表示肯定意义时，以上动词都可与so搭配；但表示否定意义时，hope与guess只用I hope not和I guess not的形式，而think，believe，suppose等词可有两种形式，即：I think not和 I don’t think so。如：‎ ‎——Do they mind you smoking there?你在那儿抽烟，他们介意吗?‎ ‎——I don’t think so/I think not．我想不会。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【三年高考】 16、17、18高考试题及其解析 ‎2018年高考试题 ‎1.【2018·北京】8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.‎ A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。‎ 点睛：祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关系时，用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。‎ ‎2.【2018·天津】14. It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.‎ A. which B. that C. when D. where ‎【答案】B 点睛：本题考查强调句，要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的能力。分析句子时首先要看清楚结构，It is / was…开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强调句有一个特点：拿掉It was/is…that…后不影响整个句子的完整性，则是强调句。判断完是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是人还是物来选择连接词that或者是who。‎ ‎2017年高考试题 ‎【2017·江苏卷】22. _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.‎ A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省 略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是 无法克服她自己的困难的。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 在虚拟语气中，be动词只能用were；虚拟条件句省去连词if时，从句主谓部分倒装：Were/Had/Should+主 语+谓语动词...‎ e.g. Were I Tom, I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我会拒绝。‎ I will go, should it be necessary. 假若有必要，我会去的。‎ Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived in time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。‎ 若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成Weren’t, Shouldn’t, ‎ Hadn’t置于句首。‎ 考点：考查虚拟语气和倒装 ‎【2017·天津卷】11. It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.‎ A. who B. where C. which D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头，后面连词首选that，，构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉It was 和that，句意完整，所以确定是强调句型。故选D。‎ 考点：考查强调句型。‎ ‎【名师点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构，如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句，例如这道题，去掉强调结构是：when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors..这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的结构，还有强调句做名词性从句的语序问题。‎ ‎2016年高考试题 ‎【单项填空】‎ ‎1.【2016·江苏】34.Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.‎ A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged C. did they encourage D. they encouraged ‎【答案】C ‎【名师点睛】‎ 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。‎ ‎1.句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。例如：‎ ‎ Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 ‎ ‎   Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 ‎ ‎ 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。‎ ‎2.  so, neither, nor作部分倒装  ‎ ‎   用这些词表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。例如：       Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。   If you won't go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。‎ ‎3. only在句首，且强调状语时,句子也必须部分倒装。 ‎ 例如：Only in this way, can you learn English well.  ‎ ‎ Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. ‎ 其他部分倒装   ‎ ‎1） so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如： ‎ So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。 ‎ ‎2） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如： May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。‎ 考点：考查部分倒装 ‎2.【2016·天津】13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks ‎ up tourists.‎ ‎ A. who B. which C. where D. that ‎【答案】D 考点：考查强调句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构，如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句，例如这道题，去掉强调结构是：The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的结构，还有强调句做名词性从句的语序问题。‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎【2016·上海】(B)‎ But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. ‎ ‎34. that  考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was被强调成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以为的所有的句子成分。本句强调的是句子主语only too much stress。‎ ‎ 2015年高考试题 ‎1.【2015·湖南】31.Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.‎ A. to keep B. to have kept C．keep D．have kept ‎【答案】C 　‎ ‎【考点定位】考查祈使句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等.祈使句分为第二人称祈使句及第—、三人称祈使句两大类.祈使句用于两个重要句型中；1．“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件.2．“祈使句+or(else)+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件,or(else)表示“否则；句首以动词原形开头。从本题的成分来判断，可以看出是考查祈使句。‎ ‎2.【2015·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home. ‎ A. she realized B. has she realized ‎ C. she has realized D. did she realize ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查倒装 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查only放在句首的部分倒装。在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语,则主句用倒装结构。但如果only后跟的是主语,就不用倒装结构了。本题考生还需要注意判定时态，答案就不难选出。‎ ‎3.【2015·湖南】23.Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.‎ ‎ A. I did discover B. did I discover C. I discovered D. discovered ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：副词only置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句， 该状语从句不倒装， 只对主句进行倒装。此题中only作为副词放在句首修饰时间状语after talking to two student，所以主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。句意：在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素。故选B ‎【考点定位】考查only置于句首的部分倒装。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题旨在考查学生是否知道only置于句首主句的句子要进行部分倒装以及部分倒装的定义。副词only置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时，‎ ‎ 主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句， 该状语从句不倒装， 只对主句进行倒装，但若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是 only+宾语等，则通常无需倒装。after talking to two students是一个状语，故对主语进行倒装。要求学生熟练掌握这个知识点。‎ ‎4.【2015·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.‎ A. which B. that C. where D. how ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查强调句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题旨在考查强调句，要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的能力。强调是有效地进行思想交流的重要手段之一。人们在交际过程中，为了使自己的思想能被对方恰当的理解，必须加强语气，突出重要的内容，增加对比效果与感情色彩，这时就会用到强调。分析句子时首先要看清楚结构，It was/is…开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强调句有一个特点：拿掉It was/is…that…后不影响整个句子的完整性，则是强调句。判断完是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是人还是物来选择连接词that或者是who。‎ ‎5.【2015·重庆】9.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.‎ A. while B. though C. that D. after ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查强调句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】 not until 引起的时间状语置于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装。由 not until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，从句语序不变。如： Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown. 直到 1998 年他才回到家乡注意：当 not until 引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为： It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown.‎ ‎2014年高考试题 ‎1.【2014·全国大纲卷】26. ______the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.‎ A. Not do only B. Do not only C.Only not do D. Not only do ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查倒装句。句意：护士们不仅要求涨工资而且要求减少劳动时间。此处后面的but also被省略，not only引导的句子置于句首时，需部分倒装。故选D。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ not only.., but also...连接并列分句且置于句首时前倒后不倒，但连接并列主语时不倒装。‎ Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn't done a very good repair job either.‎ ‎ 修车厂不仅对我超额收费，而且维修工作还很差。‎ Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅帮助人们寻找工作。而且也将提供医疗给那些需要的人。‎ 考点：考查倒装句。‎ ‎2.【2014·天津卷】15. ________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.‎ A. Did he catch B. should be catch C. has he caught D. Had he caught ‎【答案】D 考点：考查倒装句和虚拟语气。‎ ‎3.【2014·天津卷】1. Give me a chance, ________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.‎ A. if B. or C. and D. while ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：给我一个机会，我会给你一个大大的惊喜。固定用法：祈使句，and+一般将来时的句子，相当于If you +祈使句, 一般将来时的句子;如果前后相反，则用or表示否则的话。本句可以说成：If you give me a chance, I’ll give you a wonderful surprise. if如果；or 否则的话；and 和；while, 然而，当……的时候。 ‎ 考点：考查特殊句式。‎ ‎4.【2014·四川卷】3. Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr. Smith got angry?‎ A. why                         B. who                  C. where               D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析: A为什么；B谁；C哪儿；D那个。通过翻译可知本句话意思完整，不缺少成分，由此判断该句是强调句型，被强调部分是because引导的状语从句，故答案选D。句意：是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？‎ ‎【知识拓展】强调句型的构成：it is / was +被强调部分+ that /who ‎ ‎+其他，当被强调部分是人的时候that 、who均可使用，否则只能用that。判断强调句型的方法是去掉it is / was ……that /who后句子仍然成立。比如：It was in London that they met each other for the first time .‎ 考点：考查特殊句式。‎ ‎5.【2014·福建卷】28. The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, , reaching 30C in summer.‎ A. if not B. if ever C. if any D. if so ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：这里意思是“夏天的温度很少达到30度”。if not 要不；If ever很少；if any如果真有的话；if so假如这样的话。所以选B。句意：这里的气候非常好，夏天的温度很少达到30度。‎ 考点：考查短语词义辨析及语境理解。‎ ‎6.【2014·福建卷】29. It was the culture, rather than the language, ____made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad A. where B. why C. that D. what ‎【答案】C ‎【知识拓展】‎ 强调句的句型1. 陈述句的强调句型，It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其他部分。2. 一般疑问句的强调句型，同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。3. 特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分？4.not … until … 句型的强调句， 句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分。‎ 考点：考查强调句。‎ ‎7.【2014·陕西卷】17. No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.‎ A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C. has Mo Yan ‎ ‎ D. Mo Yan has ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】试题分析：考查倒装句型。no sooner…than…结构中的 no sooner置于句首时，其后引出部分倒装。如：No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain. 我们刚离开家就开始下雨了。No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。该句型中一般主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。‎ 考点：考查倒装句型 ‎8.【2014·陕西卷】23. We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.‎ A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay ‎【答案】C ‎【知识拓展】would rather的用法 ‎1）“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式（美国英语中多用had rather）。’d rather为would（或had）rather的缩写形式。would (had)在此决无“过去”之意，且无词性、时态的变化。该句式常用来表示选择的意愿，意为“宁可……；宁愿……；最好……”。例如：He'd rather work in the countryside. 他宁可到农村去工作。 If you'd rather be alone, we'll all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。 2）would rather与than连用，可构成另一个惯用句式，即：“would rather...than....”意为“宁可（愿）……（而）不要（愿）……；与其……不如……”。用以表达主语的意愿，强调经过选择后做其中一件事，而不愿做另一件事。例如： I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。 3）在使用“would rather...than...”句型时，应注意以下几点： ①than 后边也应接动词原形，但如该句型前后连接的两个动词相同，则than之后的那个动词可省去。例如：‎ ‎ I'd rather know that now than afterwards. 我宁可现在就知道这件事，而不是以后。 ② would rather...than...也可改写成 “would...rather than...”,其用法及含义仍不变。例如： Facing the enemies, our soldiers would die rather than surrender. 面对敌人，我们的战士宁死不屈。 ③. 有时为了表示语气上的强调，可将rather than置于句首。例如： Rather than refuse to help you, I would borrow money from my friends. 我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。 ④. would rather后也可跟从句，表示主语宁愿让某人干某事。这时，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事；用过去完成时表示已经做过的事或过去要做的事。例如： I'd rather she set out to do the work now. 我宁愿她现在就着手做这项工作。 I'd rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning. 我但愿你明天早上能在机场见到她。 I'd rather you hadn't told him the news that day. 我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。 ⑤would rather后还可接动词的完成式，表示主语要做某事，而结果却事与愿违。例如： I'd rather have left a note on her desk. 我本想留张字条在她书桌上的。（事实上没有留） 考点：考查固定特殊句式。‎ ‎9.【2014·湖南卷】29. Only when you can find peace in your heart _____good relationships with others.‎ A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you kept D. did you keep ‎【答案】A 考点：考查倒装结构用法 ‎10.【2014·湖南卷】33. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do makes life happy.‎ A. that B. which C. what D. who ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查强调句结构用法。强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调主语not doing the things we like, but liking the ‎ things we have to do。句意：是做我们喜欢做的事情，而不是喜欢我们不得不做的事情让生活幸福。故A正确。‎ 考点：考查强调句结构用法 ‎【知识拓展】‎ ‎1. 在强调主语时，that后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持人称和数的一致。‎ ‎  It is I who am a teacher.‎ ‎2. 在强调not …until 结构中由 until 短语（或从句）表示的时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型It is(was) not until ...that...。‎ It was not until 12 o'clock last night that my father came home.‎ ‎3. 特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以强调，其强调结构是“被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？‎ Where was it that you were born?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【两年模拟】2017、2018名校模拟题及其答案解析 ‎2018年模拟题 ‎1．【天津市河东区2018届高三第一次模拟】Seeing the policemen coming, away immediately, leaving the things they’d just stolen.‎ A. the thieves ran B. did the thieves run C. the thieves run D. ran the thieves ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查倒装句。句意：看到警察来了，小偷立刻逃跑了，留下他们刚偷的东西。表方位的副词away放在句首，句子全部倒装。故选D。‎ ‎2．（2018·滨海7校联考）I went to the classroom as usual. But there, next to my desk, ______ I had never seen before．‎ A. a girl did sit B. a girl sat C. did a girl sit D. sat a girl ‎【答案】D ‎3．【2018年天津市十二重点中学高三毕业班联考英语（一）】_____ from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his gun at him.‎ A. Jumped down the burglar B. Down the burglar jumped C. The burglar jumps down D. Down jumped the burglar ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】选D。因为地点状语Down位于句首时, 整个谓语动词应放于主语之前, 故选D项。C项虽然是正常语序, 但时态错误, 故被排除。‎ ‎4．【江苏省泰州中学2018届高三3月月度检测（二模模拟）】 at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.‎ A. Sat B. Sit C. Seating D. Seated D【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句是一个倒装句，seated为形容词作表语。句意：在房间的后面坐着一个害羞的女孩，有两只大眼睛。故选D。‎ ‎5．【江苏省泰州中学2018届高三3月月度检测（二模模拟）】 , I believe, and you will find Tom is outgoing.‎ A. Having a talk with the student B. One talk with the student C. Given a talk with the student D. If you have a talk with the student ‎6．【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2018届高三教学情况调研（一）】We won’t think of human clones and any reason to suggest that we are closer to producing them today than we were yesterday.‎ A. neither there is B. neither there was C. nor is there D. nor was there ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】C考查固定句型。句意：我们不会想到人类的克隆，也没有任何理由认为我们今天比昨天更接近于生产它们。Nor +助动词+主语表示前面的否定情况，同样适用于后者，意为“某人/物也不…”，故选C。‎ ‎2017年模拟题 ‎1. 【2017届江苏省南通、扬州、泰州、淮安四市高三下学期第三次模拟】 To the couple’s great surprise, the house was in a mess as if ______.‎ A. breaking    into B. having broken into C. broken into D. being broken into ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查省略句。句意：让这对夫妇大吃一惊的是房子乱七八糟似乎被破门而入一样。当as if   从句的主语和主句一致时，主语和后面的动词经常省略。此处是被动语态as if后省略了it was，故选C.‎ ‎2. 【2017届天津市十二重点中学高三毕业班联考（二）】By the side of the playground of our school     , which was built in 2012 with the support of a generous businessman.‎ A. there standing the new library B. does the new library stand C. the new library stands D. stands the new library ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考察全部倒装句。这里地点状语位于句首，则后面句子要用完全倒装，而B项属于部分倒装。故选D。‎ ‎3. [江苏省淮阴中学2017届高三下学期期初考] “______, we believe the overall policy stand to support a two-way opening of the Chinese capital marked and it will continue this year.” he added.‎ A. As some bottlenecks are difficult to be broken B. As some bottlenecks are difficult to break C. Difficult as some bottlenecks are to be broken D. Difficult as some bottlenecks are to break ‎【答案】D ‎【名师点睛】‎ as 也可以引导让步状语从句，但是，as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形，引导让步状语从句时，as意为“虽然…但是”，“纵使…”之意，“尽管”，通常从句要倒装，倒装的方法是将从句的表语或状语放在as之前。‎ 形容词 + as / though + 主语 + 动词 Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他虽然成功，但不骄傲。‎ Improbable as it seems, it’s true. 虽然看起来不太可能，但却是真的。‎ 此题考查as引导让步状语从句，表语提前，可排除A和B，再结合be+adj.+ to do (常用主动表示被动)可推知答案。‎ ‎4. 【江苏省苏锡常镇2017届高三英语教学情况调查（二）】— Never in my life ________ such an embarrassment. They threw apples at me.‎ ‎— Well. Fortunately watermelons are out of season.‎ A. I received B. was I received C. I have been received D. have I received ‎【答案】D ‎【名师点睛】‎ 部分倒装 ‎1)部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前，或把句子的强调成分提前。‎ Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about. 疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活。‎ ‎2)以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法：‎ 例：Not until yesterday did little John change his mind. 小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。‎ In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. 据说除了英国世界上没有哪个国家能让人在一天中感受到四季变化。‎ ‎3)以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, never, rarely, no more, not nearly, not only等。如本题Never in my life放在句首，句子用部分倒装，再根据句意用现在完成时态，故选have I received。‎ ‎4)一些如scarcely…when, no sooner …than, hardly…when引导的主从复合句，主句要求使用过去完成时。注意：在部分倒装句中，只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前，其它部分都要置于主语之后。‎ ‎5)此外，一些介词+no+名词的结构中需要用部分倒装，这些结构包括at no time; by no means; by no manner of means; for no reason; in no case; in/under no circumstances; in no sense; in no way; on no account; on no consideration; at no point 例如：Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money. 在任何情况下你都不应该借钱给保罗。‎ ‎5. 【天津市和平区2017届高三第四次质量调查（四模）】 It was at the entrance of the zoo ___________ he met his girl friend who had been to London for a better position.‎ A. where B. on which C. which D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查强调句型。强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that/ who+ 其他部分，把it was ……that 去掉，句子完整，所以句子中用了强调句型，故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。‎ e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.‎ 构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that，who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that，who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was …… ，其余的时态用It is …… .‎ 如何看一个句子中是否有强调句型，就是把it is/was ……that 去掉，看看句子是否完整，如果完整，就是强调句型。本句去掉，完整，是强调地点状语，故选D。‎ ‎6. 【天津市南开区2017届高考三模】Why! I have nothing to explain.        you want me to say?‎ A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that ‎【答案】A ‎7. 【天津市十二重点中学2017届高三毕业班联考（一）】 Nowadays many teenagers often take their parents’ love for granted. Seldom ________ what they should return them when they are old.‎ A. do they think B. they think C. think they D. did they ‎14.考察部分倒装的辨析。否定副词seldom在句首时，应为部分倒装句式，即助动词放在主语的前面，所以排除B、C选项，由题意可知使用一般现在时，排除D选项，故选A。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 ‎1. Only when Shanghai sets population ceiling ________ solutions to water scarcity(水短缺) and big city diseases such as traffic jam.‎ ‎ A. it can find B. can it find C. has it found D. it has found ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】考查倒装句 ‎2.—I heard five passengers survived the accident in the highway.‎ ‎ — No, ______ only two, a driver and his wife.‎ ‎ A. There was B. It was C. There had D. It had ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查强调句用法 句意：—我听说有5人在高速公路的事故中幸存了下来。—不，只有两个，一个司机和他的妻子。此处为强调结构的省略，补充完整为“It was only two, a driver and his wife who survived the accident in the highway”，故选B。‎ ‎【考点】考查强调句 ‎3. If properly, medical waste from hospitals may contribute to spreading diseases.‎ ‎ A. not handled B. not being handled ‎ C. not to be handled D. not having been handled ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：医疗垃圾如果处理不当，将会导致疾病的传播。这里是if 从句If it was not handled properly的省略形式，当主从句的主语一致时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，只保留过去分词，所以选A。‎ 考点: 考查省略句 ‎4.It is not just the size of the Olympic Games but ____they mean to us ___makes them unique. ‎ A．which, that B．that, what C．that, because D．what, that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：不是奥运会的规模大小而是奥运会的意义让它独一无二。第一空的what引导主语从句,what they mean to us与前面的not是并列结构。第二空使用that与it is构成强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was被强调成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。 故D正确。‎ 考点：考查强调句和主语从句 ‎5. The kids, who are brought up on a diet of soap operas and online games, seldom, _______ participate in a variety of activities. ‎ A. if any B. if not C. if ever D. if so ‎【答案】C 考点：if省略结构 ‎6. He got into the old truck and off _____ to one of the far corners of the farm to fix the fences.‎ ‎ A. did they rush B. they did rush C. they rushed D. rushed they ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：他上了那辆老卡车后他们一起去庄园的角落固定篱笆。此处考查的是off一词引导的完全倒装句，因为主语为第三人称代词故此时不需要倒装，故选C项。‎ 考点: 考查倒装句 ‎7. It doesn’t matter how many times you fail; It is how many times you stand up and try again _________matters．‎ A．which B．that C．who D．what ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意:你失败多少次没有关系，有关系的是你多少次站起来再次尝试。这里是强调句，强调how ‎ many times you stand up and try again， 所以选B。‎ 考点：考查强调句 ‎8._____ with the salary, he took the job just to get some work experience.‎ ‎ A. Unsatisfied although he was B. Unsatisfied as he was ‎ C. As he was unsatisfied D. Though unsatisfied he was ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：虽然他对工资不满意，但是他做这个工作只是为了得到一些工作经验。这里是as用于倒装句，表示让步状语从句，结构是：名词/副词/形容词/动词+as/though+主谓, 符合这个结构的是B。‎ 考点：考查倒装句 ‎9. Only after he had practiced a lot and was familiar with traditional Chinese music _______ to perform on the stage.‎ A. he was allowed B. he will be allowed C. was he allowed D. will he be allowed ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 句意：他在练习了许多，熟悉了中国传统音乐后才被允许上台表演。“only+状语”位于句首，主句要部分倒装，故排除A、B两项。根据“had practiced a lot and was familiar with”可知“被允许他上台表演”发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故选C项。‎ 考点：倒装及时态 ‎10. —I began to learn English when I was a little child. ‎ ‎—Wow. You must have studied English for many years, ?‎ A. don’t you B. mustn’t you C. needn’t you D. haven’t you ‎【答案】D 考点：考查反意问句（原创）‎ ‎11. In his speech, he said that it was his primary school teachers that he was fond of ________influenced his whole life.‎ A. what B. which C. as D. who ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，句中采用的是强调句式，其中被强调的部分是“his primary school teachers that he was fond of”，指人，故选who。句意：在演讲中，他说是他喜欢的小学老师影响了他的一生。故D正确。‎ 考点：考查强调句 ‎12. Never before______ such a wonderful park, ______ I'd like to pay a visit again.‎ A. had I seen; where B. have I seen; which ‎ C. have I seen; where D. had I seen; which ‎【答案】C 考点：考查倒装和定语从句 ‎13. Can’t it be in the drawer ______ you put your credit card?‎ A. where B. in which C. there D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：你难道不可能把信用卡放在抽屉里吗？此句可改写为“It can’t be in the drawer that you put your credit card.”选D。‎ 考点：此题考查强调句型中的“that”。‎ ‎14. Across the Yangtze River _____ more than one bridge, the Nanjing Changjiang Bridge being the first one.‎ A. lay B. lie C. lies D. laid ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查时态和倒装句：句意：不止一座桥横跨长江，南京长江大桥是第一个。动词用位于“lie”，因为是客观事实，所以是一般现在时，排除AC，这句话是地点状语Across the Yangtze River提前，用完全倒装，主语是more than one bridge,谓语是单数，选C。‎ 考点：考查时态和倒装句 ‎15. On the small island，which is at the entrance to New York Harbor, _________．‎ ‎ A．the Statue of Liberty stands B．stands the Statlle of Liberty ‎ C．does the Statue of Liberty stand D．does stand the Statue of Liberty ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：自由女神像位于在纽约港口的入口处的小岛上。表示地点的介词短语On the small island放在句首，且主语是名词的时候，句子应该使用全部倒装的形式。只有B项属于完全倒装。故B正确。‎ 考点：考查倒装句 ‎16. — Do you know _______ they got to know each other?‎ ‎ — It was last year_______ they both taught Chinese in Canada.‎ A. When it was that, when B. when it was that, while C. When it was that, that D. When it was that, as ‎ ‎【答案】A 考点：考查强调句型。‎ ‎17．Nelson Mandela is，__________ the greatest man of the 20th century，certainly among the most extraordinary leaders．‎ A．if there B．if any C．if not D．if so ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：---Nelson Mandela如果不是20世纪最伟大的人也一定是最杰出的领导人之一。If not是省略形式=if he is not，A项不能这么省略，B项是“如果有一些”，if so“如果这样”，所以选C。‎ 考点：考查省略句 ‎18．—English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?‎ ‎—Yes. _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. ‎ ‎ A. Known B. Knowing C. To know D. Know ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：--英语有很多词汇量，是吗？-是，了解更多的单词和短语，你会发现它更容易读和表达。这里考查固定句型：祈使句+and/or+简单句，并列关系用and，转折关系用or，选D。‎ 考点：考查特殊句式 ‎19.Not until he promised to return it to me as soon as possible ____ my electronic dictionary to my classmate.‎ A. had I lent B. did I lend C. I had lent D. I lent ‎【答案】B