山西省太原市第五中学2019-2020学年高一11月月考英语试题

山西省太原市第五中学2019-2020学年高一11月月考英语试题

www.ks5u.com 太原五中2019─2020学年度第一学期阶段性检测 高一英语 I．单项选择（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ ‎1.The more we can enjoy what we have, the _____ we are.‎ A. happier B. happiest C. more happily D. most happily ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定句式。句意：我们越能享受我们所拥有的，我们就越幸福。固定句式“the+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级”，表示“越……，越……”，故选A。‎ ‎2.– Which would you prefer to do tonight, to go to the concert or go shopping?‎ ‎– Neither, I would rather _____ home.‎ A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. staying ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定短语。句意：——你今晚想做什么，去听音乐会还是去购物?——都不，我宁愿呆在家里。固定短语would rather do sth.“宁愿做某事”后跟动词原形，故选A。‎ ‎3.Seeing the ______ scene before me, I was not _____ at all.‎ A. embarrassing; relaxing B. embarrassed; relaxed C. embarrassing; relaxed D. embarrassed; relaxing ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：看到眼前令人尴尬的场面，我一点也不放松。第一空修饰名词scene应用-ing结尾形容词，表示“令人尴尬的场面”；第二空修饰I，修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词，故用relaxed。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】关于-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别。‎ ‎1. 以后缀 –ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人 ‎2. 以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying 等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。‎ ‎4.The driver made a phone call while driving ______ he had a bad accident and hurt himself seriously.‎ A. unless B. in case C. because D. so that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：司机在开车的时候打了一个电话，结果他出了严重的事故，受了重伤。A. unless除非；B. in case万一；C. because因为；D. so that所以。本句为结果状语从句，表示“所以”，故选D。‎ ‎5.Through efforts, they harvested ______ corn than they had planned.‎ A. twice as much B. twice more C. more twice D. as twice much ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查倍数表达。句意：经过努力，他们收获了比原计划多一倍的玉米。根据下文corn than they had planned 可知应用结构“A+be动词/谓语动词+倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+B”，表示“A 比B 大（长、高、宽等）多少倍”。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】表达倍数的三个基本句型 ‎1. “A+be动词/谓语动词+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B”，表示“A 正好是B 的多少倍”。例如：‎ Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。‎ This big stone is three times as heavy as that one.这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍。‎ ‎2. “A+be动词/谓语动词+倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+B”，表示“A 比B 大（长、高、宽等）多少倍”。例如：‎ This rope is twice longer than that one.这根绳子比那根绳子长两倍（是那根绳子三倍长）。‎ This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍(是我们教室的六倍大) 。‎ ‎3. “A+be动词+倍数+the size/height/length/width, etc+of+B”，表示“A 正好是B 的多少倍”。例如：‎ This street is four times the length of that one.这条街是那条街的四倍长。‎ This hill is four times the height of that small one.这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。‎ ‎6.When asked by the teacher in class, he freely _____ the mistakes in his composition and promised to correct them at once.‎ A. approached B. admitted C. appreciated D. afforded ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当老师在课堂上问他时，他爽快地承认了作文中的错误，并答应马上改正。A. approached接近；B. admitted承认；C. appreciated欣赏；D. afforded付的起。结合下文the mistakes in his composition可知是承认错误。故选B。‎ ‎7.How excited I am now! You know, it is the second time that I _____ the first prize in the 400-meter race.‎ A. wins B. won C. have won D. is winning ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我现在真兴奋啊!你知道，这是我第二次在400米比赛中获得第一名。固定句式It is the first/second time that 主语+现在完成时态+其他。意思是：第几次做某事了。故选C。‎ ‎8.My teacher lives in an apartment and it is within walking ______ of the school.‎ A. distance B. event C. district D. track ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我的老师住在公寓里，离学校走路就能到。A. distance距离；B. event事件；C. district区域；D. track轨道。结合句意可知选A。‎ ‎9.The book is _____: Several ideas have been proved not suitable for the situation today.‎ A. out of order B. out of shape C. out of date D. out of control ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这本书已经过时了:有几个观点已被证明不适合今天的形势。A. out of order发生故障；B. out of shape身体状况不佳；C. out of date过时的；D. out of control失去控制。结合句意故选C。‎ ‎10.If you want to learn more about this concept, you may _____ Professor Li’s paper.‎ A. look up to B. add to C. look forward to D. refer to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语。句意：如果你想进一步了解这个概念，你可以参考李教授的论文。A. look up to尊敬；B. add to加入；C. look forward to期待；D. refer to涉及；参考。结合句意故选D。‎ ‎11.Parents put the books on the bottom shelf so that they were ______ to their kids.‎ A. ordinary B. scientific C. professional D. accessible ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：父母把书放在最下面的架子上，这样他们的孩子就能拿得到。A. ordinary普通的；B. scientific科学的；C. professional专业的；D. accessible可接近的。结合句意可知选D。‎ ‎12.In China, _____ number of high school students choose to go to _____ college in Beijing, because there they have more and better chances to find a good job in the future.‎ A. a; /‎ B. the; the C. a; the D. the; /‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在中国，许多高中生选择去北京上大学，因为在那里他们将来有更多更好的机会找到一份好工作。固定短语a number of“许多；一些”，go to college“上大学”，故选A。‎ ‎13.Planning ahead of time _____ no change — many things will become different next month.‎ A. made B. makes C. would make D. has made ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：提前计划不会有任何改变——下个月很多事情会变得不同。本句主语为Planning ahead of time，谓语动词需要用单数形式，且结合句意可知为一般现在时，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】语法一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上一致。‎ ‎1. 各种形式的主语 主语是一个单数名词、一个不可数名词、一个动名词短语、一个不定式短语或一个从句时，谓语多用单数形式；主语是复数名词、两个或两个以上动名词短语、不定式短语或从句时，谓语多用复数形式。如：‎ ‎ His father is working on the farm. 他父亲在农场工作。‎ ‎ To study English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。‎ ‎ What he said is very important for us all. 他说的话对我们大家都很重要。‎ ‎ The children were in the classroom two hours ago. 两小时前孩子们还在教室里。‎ ‎ Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。‎ 注意：由what引导主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：‎ ‎ What I bought were three English books. 我买的是三本英语书。‎ ‎2. 后接介词短语等的主语 主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with, together with, except, but, like, as well as,rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定。如：‎ Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. 格林先生和他的妻子儿女一起来到中国。‎ Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. 除了吉姆和迈克，没有人在操场上。‎ ‎ She, like you and Tom, is very tall. 她，像你和汤姆一样，很高。‎ ‎3. 不定代词作主语 主语是one, another, the other, either, each, somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时，谓语用单数形式。如：‎ ‎ Nobody knows exactly how many species of plants and animals there are on Earth. 没有人确切地知道地球上有多少种植物和动物。‎ Another is to ensure all children complete primary education. 另一个（目标）是确保所有孩子都能完成初级教育。‎ ‎4. 复数形式的名词作主语 主语是glasses, shorts, shoes, gloves, scissors, trousers等复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。若其前有“…pair/kind/type+of”时，谓语动词的数一般与pair, kind, type等的数一致。如：‎ ‎ The green shorts are on sale for 30 yuan. 这条绿色短裤减价到30元出售。‎ ‎ A pair of shoes was on the desk. 一双鞋在桌子上。‎ ‎5. 定语从句中的主谓一致 在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：‎ He is one of my friends who are working hard. 他是我的一个努力工作的朋友。‎ He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 他是我唯一一个努力工作的朋友。（先行词前有only修饰，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数）‎ ‎14.To avoid _____ the last bus, please read the notice _____ up in the station.‎ A. missed; put B. missing; put C. missed; putting D. missing; putting ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免误末班车，请仔细阅读车站张贴的告示。固定短语avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，故第一空应用missing；第二空中put做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语notice构成被动关系，故用过去分词put。故选B。‎ ‎15.It is said the new kind of ice cream _____ quite good, so I _____ it this weekend.‎ A. is tasted; taste B. is tasted; am going to taste C. tastes; taste D. tastes; am going to taste ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查系动词以及动词时态。句意：据说这种新型冰淇淋味道很好，所以这个周末我要去品尝一下。taste为系动词“尝起来”，没有被动语态，故排除A、B选项，主语为the new kind of ice cream，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；第二空结合下文this weekend可知应用一般将来时，主语为I，故用am going to taste。故选D。‎ II．阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共10题；每小题2分，满分20分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A From whale watching to shopping, the activities are as varied as the scenery along Queensland’s Great Sunshine Way.‎ Day 1‎ Morning The Sunshine Way begins in Queensland’s Gold Coast. Start the day with a visit to one of the Gold Coast’s world-class theme parks. Then see stunt (特技) shows at Warner Bros Movie World. You can also jump on exciting rides and visit the new Lego Store at Dreamworld.‎ Afternoon While the drive to Brisbane only takes an hour, enjoy a trip inland into the Gold Coast hinterland and explore the rainforest hikes and waterfalls in Tamborine, Lamington and Springbrook national parks.‎ Day 2‎ Morning Wake early to climb Brisbane’s famous Story Bridge, where you can see the sun rise over the city. From the top, you’ll be rewarded with full views over the snaking river, out to Moreton Bay in the east and the green hills of the Scenic Rim to the west.‎ Afternoon Drive 144 kilometers north to Noosa. Hastings Street is thick with designer fashion stores and impressive restaurants. Explore one of the walking trails that run through Noosa National Park. The Coastal Track is a popular choice. Look out for dolphins and whales between May and November.‎ Day3‎ Morning Continue 185 kilometers north, through the gold rush towns of Gympie and Maryborough to the whale watching capital of the world, Hervey Bay. About 10,000 humpback whales visit it every year, making it the best place to see the ocean giants up close.‎ Afternoon From River Heads, catch a 50-minute ferry to the world’s largest island completely made of sand, Fraser Island. Alternatively, continue 110 kilometers north to Bundaberg. Then travel just east of the city to Mon Repos Beach in time for the sunset.‎ ‎16. What can visitors do in the morning during the 3-day trip?‎ A. See special shows. B. Walk around an island.‎ C. Explore the rainforest hikes. D. Visit several theme parks.‎ ‎17. When do visitors have a chance to do some shopping along the trip?‎ A. On the first afternoon. B. On the second morning.‎ C. On the second afternoon. D. On the third afternoon.‎ ‎18. Which is the best place to take a look at whales?‎ A. Mon Repos Beach. B. The Coastal Track.‎ C. Moreton Bay. D. Hervey Bay.‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个三天的游览项目，以及每天行程的情况。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Day 1 Morning部分中Then see stunt shows at Warner Bros Movie World.（然后去华纳兄弟电影世界看特技表演。）可知在三天的行程中，游客可以在早上看到特别的表演。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Day 2 Afternoon部分中Hastings Street is thick with designer fashion stores and impressive restaurants.（Hastings街到处是设计师时装店和令人印象深刻的餐馆。）可知在第二天下午，游客有机会在旅途中购物。故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Day3 Morning部分中Continue 185 kilometers north, through the gold rush towns of Gympie and Maryborough to the whale watching capital of the world, Hervey Bay.（继续向北走185公里，穿过金皮和马里伯勒的淘金热小镇，来到世界赏鲸之都Hervey Bay。）可知Hervey Bay是观赏鲸鱼的最佳地点。故选D。‎ B The Manneken Pis is one of Brussels’ most popular tourist attractions. It has been peeing (撒尿) fresh water into a fountain in the Belgian capital since the 17th century. Now, the peeing boy has finally become environmentally friendly.‎ To everyone’s surprise, the famous statue used to waste 1,000 to 2,500 liters of drinking water a day. He peed water directly into the city’s sewers (下水道).‎ Energy engineer Regis Callens found this waste after fixing a water meter (水量计) in the statue. If his calculation is correct, then the peeing boy has wasted more than 250 million liters of water over the last 400 years.‎ As a result of this finding, a new system for delivering the water back to the naughty boy was created. Now he will no longer waste clean drinking water. Instead, he will use water recycled from a closed circuit (闭合回路). That means the water he pees out will be used again in an almost endless cycle.‎ The solution came out during the Brussels Water Week. A local official said, “We will also set up the system in schools and sports centers. We should set an example. We will encourage everyone in Brussels to pay attention to their water consumption.”‎ The Manneken Pis is a copy of the 1619 original, which is in a nearby museum. He is often dressed up in different costumes throughout the year to celebrate festivals and special events.‎ ‎19. What wasn’t expected by the public according to the text?‎ A. The Manneken Pis was environmentally unfriendly.‎ B. The calculation of Regis Callens was not correct.‎ C. The system was created to send water back to the boy.‎ D. The city’s sewers were blocked because of the statue.‎ ‎20. What can we learn from the words of the local official in Paragraph 5?‎ A. The solution was useful to local people.‎ B. Water waste will become more serious.‎ C. Citizens are encouraged to protect the statue.‎ D. The system will be used widely in the future.‎ ‎21. Which one can be the best title of the text?‎ A. A Popular Tourist Attraction B. A Water-saving Statue C. A Water Meter in the Statue D. A Solution to Water Waste ‎【答案】19. A 20. D 21. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了布鲁塞尔最受欢迎的旅游景点之一撒尿小童雕像如今变得环保了，在这之前雕像每天会浪费大量饮用水。就此问题一种能够将水循环使用的新系统被创造出来，这一系统未来还将被广泛使用。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段To everyone’s surprise, the famous statue used to waste 1,000 to 2,500 liters of drinking water a day. He peed water directly into the city’s sewers.（令每个人惊讶的是，这座著名的雕像过去每天要浪费1000到2500升的饮用水。他把水直接排入城市的下水道。）可知公众并没有预料到The Manneken Pis对环境不友好。故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段中A local official said, “We will also set up the system in schools and sports centers. We should set an example. We will encourage everyone in Brussels to pay attention to their water consumption.”（一位当地官员表示:“我们还将在学校和体育中心建立这一系统。我们应该树立榜样。我们将鼓励布鲁塞尔的每一个人关注他们的用水量。”）我们可以从第5段当地官员的话中了解到这个系统将来会被广泛使用。故选D。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段The Manneken Pis is one of Brussels’ most popular tourist attractions. It has been peeing fresh water into a fountain in the Belgian capital since the 17th century. Now, the peeing boy has finally become environmentally friendly.（撒尿小童雕像是布鲁塞尔最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。自17世纪以来，它就一直在往比利时首都的一个喷泉里撒尿。现在，这个尿尿的男孩终于变得环保了。）以及文章主要内容围绕着撒尿小童雕像如今成了环保型的雕像所展开，故B选项最符合文章标题。故选B。‎ C The beach may seem like an inviting place to run on a cool summer morning, but is running on the sand good for your body? It can be, but it’s important to be aware of the challenges that some beach runners experience before you get ready.‎ Running on the beach can be a good thing. It’s certainly different from running on a track or a pavement. For starters, sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven (不平坦的) surface. As you push off, you’re going to lose some of your push as the sand moves. So, you’re not going to be able to push yourself forward as you would on a track or a pavement. But this unevenness has an upside: It gives your body an extra workout, forcing you to exercise muscles that don’t get as much use during runs on firm surfaces. For example, your feet, ankles and lower back might feel sorer and more tired than usual after a beach run just because the surface is constantly moving and changing step to step.‎ You also might feel sore afterward because beaches tend to slope (倾斜) down to the water. If you’re going for a long run on the beach, you might notice that one side of your body might feel sorer because you’re putting more pressure on it due to the slope.‎ Some beach runners prefer to run barefoot — not wearing anything on feet. However, if you’re not used to barefoot running, start slowly and don’t run long distances at first. That’s because running barefoot uses more different muscles than running with shoes does, and it’s important to strengthen these muscles and adapt your feet. If you want to run barefoot and as long as you run carefully enough into it, go for it!‎ Running on the sand can be a smart choice for you, because running on softer ground surfaces can reduce muscle damage.‎ ‎22. Why is it difficult to run on the beach for starters?‎ A. The soft surface makes people fall over easily.‎ B. People need to run carefully on its smooth surface.‎ C. Running on its uneven surface takes much effort.‎ D. It’s hard to keep one’s balance on its hard surface.‎ ‎23. Which of the following best explains “upside” underlined in Paragraph 2?‎ A. Advantage. B. Reason.‎ C. Character. D. Challenge.‎ ‎24. What’s the author’s attitude to barefoot running?‎ A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring.‎ ‎25. The passage can probably be found in ______.‎ A. A primary school textbook B. A tourist guide C. A sports magazine D. A scientific report ‎【答案】22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了沙滩跑步的优缺点，并给初学者提出了一些有用的建议和注意事项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中For starters, sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven surface. As you push off, you’re going to lose some of your push as the sand moves.‎ ‎ So, you’re not going to be able to push yourself forward as you would on a track or a pavement.（对于初学者来说，沙子是个挑战，因为它的表面不平整。当你推的时候，沙子移动的时候，你会失去一些推力。所以，你不可能像在跑道或人行道上那样推动自己前进。）可知刚开始在沙滩上跑步很困难，因为在凹凸不平的沙滩上跑步需要付出很大的努力。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据下文It gives your body an extra workout, forcing you to exercise muscles that don’t get as much use during runs on firm surfaces. 它给你的身体一个额外的锻炼，迫使你去锻炼那些在坚实的表面上跑步时不能得到充分利用的肌肉。可知是在说明在海滩上跑步产生的不平衡的好处优势，故划线单词意思为“优点”，故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中If you want to run barefoot and as long as you run carefully enough into it, go for it!（如果你想赤脚跑步，只要你足够小心地跑，就去吧!）可知作者对赤脚跑步的态度是支持的。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段The beach may seem like an inviting place to run on a cool summer morning, but is running on the sand good for your body? It can be, but it’s important to be aware of the challenges that some beach runners experience before you get ready.（在凉爽的夏日早晨，海滩似乎是一个跑步的好地方，但是在沙滩上跑步对你的身体有好处吗?可能是这样，但是在你准备好之前要意识到一些海滩跑步者所经历的挑战是很重要的。）以及文章主要内容围绕着沙滩跑步展开，故文章最有可能来自体育杂志。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】文章出处类推理判断题。做这类题重要的是要抓住文章的内容或结构特征，这是推理判断的前提和基础。如报纸，前面会出现日期、地点、通讯社名称等；广告，其格式特殊，容易辨认；产品说明、器皿设备的使用说明有产品名称或操作方法，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数和药量等。如第四小题，根据第一段The beach may seem like an inviting place to run on a cool summer morning, but is running on the sand good for your body? It can be, but it’s important to be aware of the challenges that some beach runners experience before you get ‎ ready.（在凉爽的夏日早晨，海滩似乎是一个跑步的好地方，但是在沙滩上跑步对你的身体有好处吗?可能是这样，但是在你准备好之前要意识到一些海滩跑步者所经历的挑战是很重要的。）以及文章主要内容围绕着沙滩跑步展开，故文章最有可能来自体育杂志。故选C。‎ 第二节（共5题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Learning a foreign language has come into fashion. ___26___ I’ve chosen these reasons as they express not only learning goals, but also personal goals.‎ Learning English is fun.‎ ‎___27___ However, I think that’s just a problem of how you learn English. Take time to have fun learning English by listening to music, watching a movie, challenging yourself to play games in English. There are so many ways to learn English while having fun. There are no excuse not to enjoy yourself, even if you have to learn grammar.‎ English will help you succeed in your career.‎ This is obvious to anyone who lives in our modern world. Employers want employees who speak English. ___28___ Learning English to take a test such as IELTS will give you a chance that others might not have, and that might help you get the job you need.‎ English opens up international communications.‎ You are on the Internet learning English right now. ___29___ We are probably living in two different places, and we have been brought up in different cultures. We all know the world needs more love and understanding. No way to improve the world is better than to communicate in English (or other languages) with those from other cultures!‎ ‎___30___‎ I believe that we are all brought up to see the world in one way. That’s a good thing. However, at a certain point we need to expand our horizons. Learning English will help you understand the world through a different language. Understanding the world through a different language will also help you view the world in a different perspective (视角).‎ A. This might not be fair, but it is the reality.‎ B. Learning English will help open your mind.‎ C. But it is not easy for students to learn English.‎ D. Learning English is not much fun for many students.‎ E. I am in the USA writing articles about learning English.‎ F. Here are reasons to learn English, or any language really.‎ G. It is likely that someone will speak English no matter where he is.‎ ‎【答案】26. F 27. D ‎ ‎28. A 29. E ‎ ‎30. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了要学习英语的原因。作者认为学习英语并不只出于学习的目的，也是个人的一种追求。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 结合下文为说明学习英语的具体原因，故F选项“这里有一些学习英语或其他任何语言的理由。”符合上下文语境。故选F。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 根据下文However, I think that’s just a problem of how you learn English.（然而，我认为这只是你如何学习英语的问题。）可推知本空为说明有一些认为学习并不是很有趣。故D选项“对许多学生来说，学习英语不是很有趣。”符合上下文语境。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 根据下文Learning English to take a test such as IELTS will give you a chance that others might not have, and that might help you get the job you need.（通过参加雅思等考试来学习英语会给你一个别人可能没有的机会，这可能会帮助你得到你需要的工作。）可知学英语对于现代社会的人来说是一种实际需求，是一种无法避免的现实情况。故A选项“这可能不公平，但这是现实。”符合上下文语境。故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 结合下文We are probably living in two different places, and we have been brought up in different cultures.（我们可能生活在两个不同的地方，在不同的文化中长大。）以及上文You are on the Internet learning English right now.（你现在正在网上学习英语。）可知作者是在将自己和读者身处的地点进行比较，上文提到了读者，故本空应是在说明作者自己。故E选项“我在美国写关于学习英语的文章。”符合上下文语境。故选E。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 本句为本段小标题，结合下文内容Learning English will help you understand the world ‎ through a different language. Understanding the world through a different language will also help you view the world in a different perspective (视角).（学习英语将帮助你通过不同的语言了解世界。通过不同的语言来理解这个世界也会帮助你从不同的角度来看待这个世界。）可知是在说明学习英语能够有助于开阔你的思维。故选B。‎ III. 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共20题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Clouds are an ordinary sight. However, this Dutch ___31___ makes his own.‎ Berndnaut Smilde creates clouds in locations where nature would never ___32___ them. The inside of a church or museum looks different behind a cloud. And an everyday cloud looks ___33___ in a castle. The art project ___34___ the beauty of clouds. Each scene lasts only five seconds before it ___35___.‎ The ingredients (原料) for Smilde’s clouds: just ___36___ and water vapor (水蒸气). The artist needs a cold and wet space with no wind. ___37___, the clouds will never ___38___ or will fall straight to the ground.‎ ‎___39___ a cloud is formed, Smilde will run around it and turn it into a shape about 3 meters ___40___ and 1.8 meters tall. ___41___ he will step back far enough to take several pictures. Smilde will not stop until he is ___42___ with the results. ___43___, he creates a dozen clouds at a time.‎ Many people are interested in Smilde’s project. Some ___44___ him to create clouds for them at a party or a wedding ceremony. Smilde, however, ___45___ them. He says he only creates clouds when the setting offers ___46___ fresh. The artist doesn’t just want people to stare in ___47___ at his clouds. He also wants people to ___48___ the transience (转瞬即逝) of life. For the clouds, they exist only for a moment and then are gone forever.‎ ‎“Each ___49___ is about being at the right place at the right time,” Smilde says. “If you are seeing a photo, you have ___50___ missed it.”‎ ‎31. A. painter B. farmer C. teacher D. artist ‎32. A. put B. pull C. draw D. repair ‎33. A. ordinary B. pure C. simple D. unusual ‎34. A. fights B. explores C. decides D. collects ‎35. A. exists B. creates C. disappears D. survives ‎36. A. smoke B. metal C. oil D. snow ‎37. A. Besides B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise ‎38. A. set off B. put in use C. come into being D. get along ‎39. A. Once B. Before C. Unless D. Because ‎40. A. down B. across C. over D. far ‎41. A. Again B. Then C. Still D. Yet ‎42. A. familiar B. curious C. satisfied D. bored ‎43. A. Luckily B. Usually C. Quickly D. Gradually ‎44. A. force B. help C. invite D. order ‎45. A. refuses B. accepts C. supports D. agrees ‎46. A. something B. all C. one D. neither ‎47. A. secret B. wonder C. memory D. practice ‎48. A. spread B. describe C. appreciate D. abandon ‎49. A. invention B. scenery C. discovery D. creation ‎50. A. ever B. always C. never D. already ‎【答案】31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B 41. B 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了荷兰艺术家Berndnaut Smilde运用烟雾和水蒸气在室内造云，还说明了他造云的过程。Smilde不只是想让人们惊讶地盯着他的云，他希望人们也能欣赏生命的短暂。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位荷兰艺术家却有自己的风格。A. painter画家；B. farmer农民；C. teacher老师；D. artist艺术家。结合下文The artist needs a cold and wet ‎ space可知是在描述一位荷兰艺术家。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Berndnaut Smilde在大自然不会放置云的地方创造了云。A. put放置；B. pull拉；C. draw画；D. repair修理。结合下文The inside of a church or museum looks different behind a cloud.可知Berndnaut Smilde在教堂或者博物馆创造云，这些地方是大自然不会放置云的。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：城堡里每天的云看起来都不寻常。A. ordinary普通的；B. pure纯粹的；C. simple简单的；D. unusual不同寻常的。由于出现的地点是在城堡，是一个本不会出现云的地点，因此每天的云看起来也很不寻常。其他选项均布符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个艺术项目探索云的美丽。A. fights打架；B. explores探索；C. decides决定；D. collects收集。结合上文可知整个项目都围绕着制造云，可见是为了探索云的美丽。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个场景在消失前只持续五秒。A. exists存在；B. creates创造；C. disappears消失；D. survives幸存。结合上文Each scene lasts only five seconds before可知每个云在消失前只持续五秒钟。故选C。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Smilde的云的成分:只是烟雾和水蒸气。A. smoke烟雾；B. metal金属；C. oil石油；D. snow雪。结合上文Each scene lasts only five seconds只能持续五秒钟可推知云的成分主要是能够让云漂浮起来的烟雾和水蒸气。故选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。句意：否则，云就永远不会形成，或者直接掉到地上。A. Besides而且；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。结合下文or will fall straight to the ground.可知必须符合上文提到的制造云的条件，否则云就不会形成或者直接掉在地上。故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：否则，云就永远不会形成，或者直接掉到地上。A. set off出发；B. put in use投入使用；C. come into being形成；D. get along相处。结合上文The artist ‎ needs a cold and wet space with no wind.可知是在说明云形成的条件，不符合条件，云就不会形成。故选C。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。句意：一旦形成了一朵云，Smilde就会绕着它转，把它变成一个大约3米宽，1.8米高形状。A. Once一旦；B. Before在……之前；C. Unless除非；D. Because因为。本句为时间状语从句，表示“一旦”，故选A。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。句意：一旦形成了一朵云，Smilde就会绕着它转，把它变成一个大约3米宽，1.8米高的形状。A. down向下；B. across穿过；宽；C. over超过；D. far远的。结合下文and 1.8 meters tall可知是在形容云的大小，大约3米宽，1.8米高。故选B。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他会退到足够远的地方去拍几张照片。A. Again再次；B. Then然后；C. Still仍然；D. Yet然而。结合上下文语境可知此处是承接上文云成形了，然后他会拍几张照片。故选B。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Smilde不会停止，直到他对结果感到满意。A. familiar熟悉的；B. curious好奇的；C. satisfied满意的；D. bored厌倦的。结合上文Smilde will not stop until he is可知直到对结果满意他才会停下。故选C。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，他一次能造出12朵云。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Usually通常；C. Quickly快；D. Gradually逐渐地。下文he creates a dozen clouds at a time.描述的是他每次造云的通常做法。故选B。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人邀请他在派对或婚礼上为他们创造云彩。A. force促使；B. help帮助；C. invite邀请；D. order命令。结合下文to create clouds for them at a party or a wedding ceremony可知是邀请Smilde去派对或婚礼上制造云彩。故选C。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Smilde拒绝了他们。A. refuses拒绝；B. accepts接受；C. supports支持；D. agrees同意。根据上文however表示转折可知Smilde拒绝了这些邀请。故选A。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查代词辨析。句意：他说，他只会在环境提供一些新鲜的东西时才会造云。A. something某物；B. all全部；C. one一个；D. neither两者都不。结合下文Smilde并不只是想让人们惊奇地盯着他的云，可知他是想环境提供某些新鲜的东西时造云。故选A。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：艺术家不只是想让人们惊讶地盯着他的云。A. secret秘密；B. wonder惊讶；C. memory记忆；D. practice练习。人们“惊讶地”盯着他的云，短语in wonder“在惊讶中；惊讶地”。故选B。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还希望人们能欣赏生命的短暂。A. spread传播；B. describe描述；C. appreciate欣赏；D. abandon抛弃。结合下文For the clouds, they exist only for a moment and then are gone forever.可知云只存在片刻，因此Smilde希望借助云来告诉人们欣赏生命的短暂。故选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一个创造都是关于在正确的时间出现在正确的地方。A. invention发明；B. scenery景色；C. discovery发现；D. creation创造。结合文章内容可知Smilde造云的行为是一种创造。故选D。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“如果你还在看着一张照片，你就已经错过了。”A. ever曾经；B. always总是；C. never从不；D. already已经。结合上下文可知为现在完成时，为肯定句，故应用副词already。故选D。‎ 第二节（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分 ）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ From the 2nd century AD, the Silk Road started from China, ___51___ (go) all the way west to Central Asia, West Asia, and finally to Europe. People ___52___ (ride) camels and horses trading goods on this road.‎ Horses and camels have now been replaced by modern transportation such ___53___ high speed railways and new highways, ___54___ has sped up the development of the new Silk Road. These ___55___ (advance) means of transportation have also brought new choices for the development of the ___56___ (tour) throughout Eurasia.‎ The Western Europe-Western China (WE-WC) Highway, which stretches 8,445 ___57___ (kilometer) from Lianyungang to St. Petersburg in Russia, was ___58___ (complete) joined on September 27, 2018, after a 10-year construction.‎ Are you ready for ___59___ long-distance road trip from the east to the west on this highway ___60___ there is a chance for you?‎ ‎【答案】51. going ‎ ‎52. rode 53. as ‎ ‎54. which 55. advanced ‎ ‎56. tourism ‎ ‎57. kilometers ‎ ‎58. completely ‎ ‎59. a 60. if ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了从公元2世纪就开始的丝绸之路在近些年所发生的一些变化。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：从公元2世纪开始，丝绸之路从中国开始，一直向西延伸到中亚、西亚，最后到达欧洲。本句中go做非谓语动词与逻辑主语the Silk Road构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填going。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：人们骑着骆驼和马在这条路上交易货物。结合上文可知此处描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，故填rode。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：马和骆驼已经被比如高速铁路和新公路等现代交通工具所取代，这加快了新丝绸之路的发展。固定短语such as“比如；诸如”，故填as。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查定语从句关系。句意同上。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故填which。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：这些先进的交通工具也为欧亚大陆旅游业的发展带来了新的选择。修饰名词means应用形容词，表示“先进的”，故填advanced。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意同上。结合上文the可知应填名词，表示“旅游业”，故填tourism。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。句意：2018年9月27日，经过10年建设，从连云港至俄罗斯圣彼得堡长达8445公里的西欧-中国西部高速公路全线贯通。kilometer为可数名词，根据上文8,445可知应用复数形式，故填kilometers。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词join应用副词，故填completely。‎ ‎59题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：如果有机会的话，你准备好从东到西的长途公路旅行了吗?trip为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一次旅行”应用不定冠词，且long-distance为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意同上。本句条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填if。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)‎ ‎(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)‎ ‎(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)‎ 如第四小题，本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故填which。‎ IV．写作（共两节，满分25分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词。‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Dear motherland,‎ Happy birthday! You are turning 70! What wonderful it is!‎ Over the past 70 years, many great changes have took place. My grandpa often tells me that in the past, life is hard. Every person was allowed to buy only 250 grams of meat per month. Today, we can buy whatever we want and eat as many meat as we like. Our history teacher told us how Pudong was full of farm fields in the 1980s. Today, Pudong has world’s second-tallest building. People have more way to spend their weekends. They can go shopping, watching movies with friends or take a walk in a park.‎ The older generation worked hard to make the changes to happen. The future belongs to us younger generation. I believe they can make you stronger!‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】1.What→How ‎2.took→taken ‎3.is→was ‎4.many→much ‎5.how→that ‎6.world’s前添加the ‎7.way→ways ‎8.watching→watch ‎9.去掉to ‎10.they→we ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国过去70年间发生的变化。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查感叹句。句意：多么美妙啊!本句中感叹形容词wonderful应用how，what感叹名词或名词词组。故What改为How。‎ ‎2.考查动词时态。句意：在过去的70年里，发生了许多巨大的变化。结合上文Over the past 70 years可知为现在完成时，故take应用过去分词形式，故took改为taken。‎ ‎3.考查动词时态。句意：我爷爷经常告诉我，在过去，生活很艰难。结合上文in the past“在过去”可知应用一般过去时，故is改为was。‎ ‎4.考查形容词。句意：今天，我们想买什么就买什么，想吃多少肉就吃多少。meat为不可数名词，应用much修饰，故many改为much。‎ ‎5.考查连词。句意：我们的历史老师告诉我们，上世纪80年代浦东到处都是农田。本句为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分应用that引导。故how改为that。‎ ‎6.考查冠词。句意：今天，浦东拥有世界第二高楼。second-tallest为形容词最高级，前面需要定冠词。故world’s前添加the。‎ ‎7.考查名词。句意：人们有更多的方式来度过周末。way为可数名词，由more修饰应用复数形式，故way改为ways。‎ ‎8.考查固定结构。句意：他们可以去购物，和朋友一起看电影或去公园散步。can为情态动词后跟动词原形，故watching改为watch。‎ ‎9.考查固定结构。句意：老一辈人努力使这些变化发生。固定结构make+宾语+动词原形，表示“使某人或某物做某事”，其中用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带to，即用动词原形。故去掉to。‎ ‎10.考查代词。句意：我相信我们可以让你更强大!结合句意可知此处表示“我们”应用人称代词we，故they改为we。‎ ‎【点睛】感叹句中how与what的区别。‎ 一、用what引导的感叹句有三种句式，此时，what为形容词，用作定语，修饰它后面的名词或名词词组。‎ ‎ 1. What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！例如：What a nice day it is! 多么好的天气啊！　What an interesting book that is! 那是一本多么有趣的书啊！‎ ‎ 2. What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语！例如：What beautiful flowers they are!多么美丽的花啊！What good teachers they are!他们是多么好的老师啊！‎ ‎ 3 What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！例如：　What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊！What delicious food it is! 这是多么美味的食物啊！‎ ‎ 二、用how引导的感叹句有四种句式，此时，how 是副词，用作状语，修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。‎ ‎ 4. How +形容词+主语+谓语！例如：How hot it is today! 今天天气真热啊！　How beautiful the flowers are! 这些花多么美丽啊！‎ ‎ 5. How+副词+主语+谓语！例如：How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊! How hard they work!他们工作多么努力啊！‎ ‎ 6. How+主语+谓语！例如：How time flies! 光阴似箭！　How she dances! 她跳舞跳得多好啊！‎ ‎ 7. How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！此句式可与句式1进行转换。例如： How old a building that is!(=What an old building that is!)那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊！‎ ‎ [特别提示]what或how引起的感叹句，在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。例如：What a good girl! 多好的一个女孩子呀！How cold(it is)!天气多冷呀！‎ 如第一小题，本句中感叹形容词wonderful应用how，what感叹名词或名词词组。故What改为How。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分15分）‎ ‎62.假如你是高一新生李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你高一入学的校园生活，请给他回复一封邮件。内容要点包括：‎ ‎1. 学习情况：学业繁忙，学习更加努力；‎ ‎2. 课余活动：丰富多彩，参加社团活动；‎ ‎3. 同学关系：友好相处，互相帮助。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 开头和结尾已给出，但不计入词数。‎ Dear Peter,‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ I am glad to receive your letter and I’d like to share my new school life with you.‎ As a new senior school student, I find life here is busy but interesting. Firstly, I have more subjects and I study harder to get better grades. Secondly, after-school activities are so colorful that my classmates take an active part. I am interested in taking pictures so I have joined Photography Club in my school, which will surely enrich my life. Thirdly, my classmates and I get along well and we often help each other in study and life. How lucky I’m to study in such a brilliant school!‎ Best wishes.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假如你是高一新生李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你高一入学的校园生活，请给他回复一封邮件。内容要点包括：1. 学习情况：学业繁忙，学习更加努力；2. 课余活动：丰富多彩，参加社团活动；3. 同学关系：友好相处，互相帮助。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：be glad to（高兴）；share with（分享）；after-school activities（课外活动）；take an active part（积极参与）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。‎ 第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Secondly, after-school activities are so colorful that my classmates take an active part.运用了结果状语从句；I am interested in taking pictures so I have joined Photography Club in my school, which will surely enrich my ‎ life.运用了非限定性定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎