江苏省扬州中学2018-2019学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

江苏省扬州中学2018-2019学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

江苏省扬州中学2018-2019学年高二上学期期中考试 英语试题 第一部分：英语知识运用 第一节：单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ ‎1.We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent。‎ A. the； the B. / ； the C. the；/ D. / ； /‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 此题考查固定搭配中零冠词的用法以及定冠词表特指的用法。句意：我们乘船绕道去西海岸，而没有开车（直接）穿过大陆去。by sea坐船，等于by ship，不需加冠词，类似的还有by bus, by air. continent这里是特指，为说话双方所知道，故其前加定冠词the。‎ ‎2.Sam, in every way, has handled the challenge, _____ his friend_____how he’s achieved success in spite of the difficulties.‎ A. overcome; by B. overcoming; with C. impressed; by D. impressing; with ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词和介词。句意：山姆全面的解决了这个问题，他排除万难获得成功，这使他的朋友们印象很深，impress sb with sth使某人印象深刻，动词与主语之间是主动关系，故选D项。‎ 考点：考查动词和介词 ‎3.During the power transition earlier this year, analysts said, Chinese leaders tried to demonstrate their _______ to fighting corruption.‎ A. greed B. commitment C. rensponsibility D. motivation ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年早些时候领导人换届期间，分析人士曾指出，中国领导人试图展现其反腐的决心。 A. greed贪婪；B. commitment承诺；C. responsibility 责任；D. motivation动机。故选B。‎ ‎4.As a champion team in the last World Cup, Germany’s football team was loaded with too much expectation from their fans in the group game ___ it lost the chance to go forward in this year’s game.‎ A. that B. as C. when D. where ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：作为上届世界杯冠军球队，德国队在小组赛中失去了晋级的机会，球迷们对德国队寄予了太多期望。先行词为the group game, 在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故选D.‎ ‎5.Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class ________ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.‎ A. why B. that C. where D. because ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】本题考查同位语从句。reason后面有for引导的短语，接着后面是that引导的同位语从句来说明reason的内容。‎ ‎6.Japan's popular new prime minister, Junichiro Koizumi, now offers hope that Japan will _________ the reforms needed to boost long-term growth.‎ A. push ahead with B. cut back on C. run out of D. put up with ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：日本受欢迎的新首相小泉纯一郎现在提出希望：日本将推动长期增长所需的改革。A. push ahead with推进；B. cut back on减少；C. run out of用完；D. put up with容忍。故选A。‎ ‎7.The girl came ___________to the bus stop，only ________ the bus had gone.‎ A. running; to find B. to run; to find C. and run; found D. running; finding ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个女孩跑向了公交车站，结果却发现公交车已经离开了。‎ 第一空中动词run与主语the girl构成主动关系，且与谓语动词come的动作同时发生，用现在分词running to the bus stop充当方式状语，第二空中使用“only+不定式”表示意料之外的结果。故A项正确。‎ ‎8.With age ____ experience. As you pass through life, you go through many trials.‎ A. coming B. comes C. will come D. has come ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查倒装。句意：年龄增长会相应地带来阅历的增加。在生活中,你会经受许多考验。 这里为完全倒装句，正常语序为experience comes with age.，根据句意可知，陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。故选B。‎ ‎9.— Why, Jack, you look so tired!‎ ‎— Well, I ______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.‎ A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：——怎么啦，杰克，你看起来如此疲惫！——噢，我一直都在粉刷房子,并且我明天必须完成。根据句意可知应采用现在完成进行时态，强调动作一直在延续。C项为现在完成时，表示动作已经完成，不符合句意。选D。‎ ‎10.The medicine takes effect in the __________ stage of treatment, but the effect declines when it is taken for several months.‎ A. potential B. instant C. original D. initial ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：药物在治疗初期起作用，但其效果在几个月后就会下降。A. potential潜在的；B. instant立即的；C. original原始的；D. initial开始的。故选D。‎ ‎11.— Will it take me long to get to the Sunshine Hotel?‎ ‎—No, it ______ take you long. It’s not the rush hour now.‎ A. shouldn’t B. shan’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 考查情态动词的用法。“去阳光酒店要花很长时间吗？”“不，不会花很久。现在不是高峰期。”shouldn’t“不应该，不会”；shan’t多用于法律、规定；mustn’t不许；needn’t不必。故选A。‎ ‎12.It was after having her first child at a time ______ my mother was working as a lawyer _______she decided to run for governor of the state.‎ A. that; that B. which; that C. that; who D. when; that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查强调句式和定语从句。句意：在我母亲做律师的时候生了第一个孩子后，她决定竞选州长。第一空 when 引导定语从句，先行词是 a time，从句中缺少时间状语，故用关系副词when；第二空 that 构成了强调句式的基本结构It is/was + 强调部分 + that从句。‎ ‎【点睛】强调句是高考中常考的知识点之一。在英语中，为了突出强调句子的某一个成分（谓语除外），达到强调或使听话人特别注意这一部分的目的，便形成了一种强调句型。其结构为It is / was+被强调的部分+that / who+句子的其他部分。本题将定语从句和强调句放在一起考查，考生需要判断被强调的部分中有一个定语从句，然后再考虑强调结构。‎ ‎13.Positive thinking puts power in our mind to act instead of staying stuck considering the circumstance or the mistake ______.‎ A. made B. to be made C. having been made D. had made ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：积极的想法让你充满能量，不再陷在已经发生的情况或错误之中。句中名词the circumstance or the mistake与make之间为被动故选，故用过去分词作定语。故选A。‎ ‎14.It is ______ his tremendous enthusiasm and devotion that the old teacher is respected by all his students.‎ A. on account of B. with regard to C. in terms of D. in reference to ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查介词短语。句意：是这个老教师极大的热情和奉献精神使他赢得了他所有学生的尊重。on account of由于，因为；with regard to至于，关于；in terms of就……而言；in reference to关于，至于。A项符合语境。‎ 考点：考查介词短语 ‎15.— I’d rather have some wine, if you don’t mind.‎ ‎—______. Don’ t forget that you’ll drive.‎ A. By all means B. Anything but that C. Take it easy D. I wouldn’t say no to this ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查交际用语。A. 务必；B.除了酒什么都行；C. 别紧张；D. 我不想对此说不。句意：——如果你不介意的话，我想来点酒。——除了酒什么都行。不要忘了你要开车的。故B正确。‎ 考点：考查交际用语 第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need, but would you like them to hear the ___16___ you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites, such as micro-blog, blog and the Facebook, have actually become ___17___ of the school hallways(走廊), so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to ___18___ your online ___19___ and conversations with friends?‎ In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were ___20___ with latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no ___21___ to be good at new technology. ___22___, more and more parents are beginning to ___23___ just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the ___24___ to educate themselves about social networking sites.‎ These days many people are ___25___ to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them; there’s also a certain amount of control over ___26___ that we don’t get in real life. ‎ Sometimes we feel that privacy is ___27___ when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member.‎ It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our ___28___ lives. On the one hand we don’t want to “refuse” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to ___29___. On the other hand if you do accept, then you could have a(n) ___30___ of being watched and no longer feel ___31___ to comment or communicate the way you did before.‎ A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t ___32___ mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to be truly ___33___.” Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the ___34___ if you do choose not to ___35___ them to your friends list.‎ ‎16. A. quarrels B. conversations C. debates D. bargains ‎17. A. explosions B. focuses C. extensions D. definitions ‎18. A. spread B. decide C. repeat D. view ‎19. A. habits B. activities C. images D. shows ‎20. A. in association B. in conflict C. side by side D. up to date ‎21. A. need B. choice C. money D. time ‎22. A. However B. Indeed C. Thus D. Otherwise ‎23. A. advocate B. realize C. deny D. doubt ‎24. A. excuse B. ability C. motivation D. chance ‎25. A. exposed B. attracted C. adapted D. committed ‎26. A. privacy B. privilege C. personality D. process ‎27. A. interpreted B. interacted C. insulted D. invaded ‎28. A. school B. online C. family D. social ‎29. A. avoid B. dislike C. hide D. refuse ‎30. A. guilt B. memory C. sense D. obligation ‎31. A. worried B. satisfied C. real D. free ‎32. A. nevertheless B. necessarily C. possibly D. entirely ‎33. A. independent B. available C. popular D. responsible ‎34. A. voice B. hatred C. result D. blow ‎35. A. show B. apply C. add D. force ‎【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这篇文章是关于现在很多父母进入社交网站，希望加孩子为好友，但是这样的要求往往被孩子拒绝，因为他们不想被父母注视着，所以父母也不必难过。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. quarrels争吵；B. conversations交谈；C. debates争论；D. bargains交易。但是你会喜欢他们听你和你的朋友们在学校的操场上或午餐排队的谈话吗?故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. explosions爆炸；B. focuses焦点；C. extensions延长；D. definitions定义。像微博、博客与脸谱网这样的社交网站实际上已经是学校走廊里虚拟世界的延伸。 故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. spread传播；B. decide决定；C. repeat重复；D. view把……视为。所以，你会把你父母加为“朋友”，并让他们查看你的在线活动和与朋友的对话吗？故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. habits习惯；B. activities活动；C. images形象；D. shows表演。让他们查看你的在线活动和与朋友的对话吗？故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查短语词义辨析。A. in association与……相联系；B. in conflict不一致；C. side by side一起；D. up to date最新的。下文是对上文的“技术代沟”的解释：孩子们能够跟上最新技术的发展，而父母则被远远的抛在后边。故选D。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. need需要；B. choice选择；C. money金钱；D. time时间。因为他们认为没有必要精通新技术。故选A。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。A. However然而；B. Indeed的确；C. Thus因此；D. Otherwise否则。结合上下文，该句叙述的内容与前句是转折关系。然而，父母亲开始意识到社交网站在他们日常生活中是多么的重要。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. advocate提倡；B. realize意识到；C. deny否认；D. doubt怀疑。然而，父母亲开始意识到社交网站在他们日常生活中是多么的重要。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. excuse借口；B. ability能力；C. motivation动机；D. chance机会。这种认识让他们有了去自络知识的动力。 故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. exposed揭露；B. attracted吸引；C. adapted适应；D. committed承诺。当今，很多人被社交网站所吸引。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. privacy隐私；B. privilege特权；C. personality个性；D. process过程。在一定程度上保护我们没有在现实生活中公开的隐私。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. interpreted口译；B. interacted互动；C. insulted辱骂；D. invaded侵犯。有时，我们感觉到隐私被侵犯。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. school学校；B. online在线；C. family家庭；D. social社会。是否让爸妈成为我们网络生活的一部分真的很难选择。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. avoid避免；B. dislike不喜欢；C. hide躲藏；D. refuse拒绝。一方面，我们不想“拒绝”他们的好友请求，因为那可能会伤他们的心或是感觉到你有事隐瞒着。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. guilt内疚；B. memory记忆；C. sense感觉；D. obligation义务。have a sense of being watched有种被监视的感觉。然后你可能有种被监视的感觉。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. worried担心的；B. satisfied满意的；C. real真正的；D. free自由的。再也不能自由地发表评论或是像从前那样与朋友交谈。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。A. nevertheless尽管如此；B. necessarily必然地；C. possibly可能；D. entirely全部。这并不一定意味着他们隐瞒了什么。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. independent独立的；B. available可以得到的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. responsible负责的。这可能意味着这是他们生活中的一部分，他们想真正独立。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. voice声音；B. hatred敌意；C. result结果；D. blow打击。跟父母亲的交谈和解释能缓解对他们的打击。 故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. show展示；B. apply应用；C. add增加；D. force强迫。如果你选择不把他们加到你的好友列表中。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空主要考查学生对语篇的全面理解，要求学生在做题时能够做到“身临其境，感同身受”准确把握作者写作意图，同时“瞻前顾后，左顾右盼”，充分考虑前后文的逻辑关系，仔细推敲，最后还原整体和细节。例如小题13所选的online这个词在文章第一段so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to ___3___ your online ___4___ and conversations with friends?中已经出现，为本题的选择给出提示。‎ 第二部分：阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A If you have the opportunity to visit some places in New Zealand, then the list below is our recommendation.‎ Fiordland National Park This park is part of the South Westland World Heritage Area and is New Zealand’s largest national park and one of the largest in the world. The scenery in Fiordland is nothing short of extremely beautiful, with steep mountains, wild waterfalls, and abundant rain forests. Being able to come back and forth in its deep bay attracts most of the visitors.‎ The area has some of the world’s greatest walks including the world famous Milford Track, which was described as the finest walk in the world in the early twentieth century.‎ Abel Tasman National Park Abel Tasman may be New Zealand’s smallest national park, but the attractions are huge. Located in one of New Zealand’s sunniest spots, the area also has the best beaches in the country.‎ The popular Abel Tasman Walk is a great way to see this park. It takes 3-5 days to complete. Sea taxis are also available and can drop you off at any number of beaches within the park.‎ Rotorua Accessible from New Zealand’s biggest city, Auckland, Rotorua is famous for its volcanic ‎ activities. Rotorua is also famous for its plentiful lakes which are great for swimming and fishing. The surrounding area contains plenty of native bushes and some famous walks.‎ Rotorua is also the best area in the country to experience and learn about Maori culture.‎ Mt Cook National Park Mt Cook as well as the surrounding area is an alpine(高山的) park within the World Heritage listed in South Westland. The biggest peaks in all of Australasia are here. The park doesn’t contain many trees or plants due to the altitude. Walks range from a twohour walk to difficult tracks suitable for experienced mountaineers only.‎ A helicopter or plane ride gives visitors excellent views of the mountains with the option of landing at the top of Tasman Glacier, a true permanent snowcovered alpine environment.‎ ‎36. The most impressive experience in Fiordland National Park may be________．‎ A. rock climbs B. forest camps C. water jumps D. boat trips ‎37. If you are interested in folk customs, you can go to visit________．‎ A. Fiordland National Park B. Rotorua C. Mt Cook National Park D. Abel Tasman National Park ‎38. If you go to visit Mt Cook National Park, you can________．‎ A. view some amazing waterfalls B. enjoy some tropical fruits C. step on the top of Tasman Glacier D. take walks in various bushes ‎【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了新西兰值得游玩的几个地方。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据Fiordland National Park部分第一段Being able to come back and forth in its deep bay attracts most of the visitors.可知，能够在它的深海湾里来回穿梭会吸引大多数的游客；据此可以判断，在Fiordland 国家公园，令人印象最深刻的经历是乘船旅行。故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Rotorua部分Rotorua is also the best area in the country to experience and learn about Maori culture.可知，Rotorua 是最好的学习毛利文化的地方，如果你对民间风俗感兴趣，可以去那里，故选B。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Mt Cook National Park最后一句A helicopter or plane ride gives visitors excellent views of the mountains with the option of landing at the top of Tasman Glacier, a true permanent snowcovered alpine environment.可知，乘坐一架直升机或飞机并选择在 Tasman Glacier 顶部着陆，可以让游客欣赏到山区的美景，Tasman Glacier 是真正的永久积雪覆盖的高山环境。据此可知，如果去 Mt Cook 国家公园，你可以登到 Tasman Glacier 顶部，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。广告类或布告类的文章主要考查学生根据问题迅速从文中定位、提取有效信息的能力。考生需要根据问题中的信息迅速定位到相关的广告板块，并从中寻找有用信息。例如小题1题干中The most impressive experience in Fiordland National Park，考生要迅速定位到文章Fiordland National Park部分，然后寻找到关键词attracts most of the visitors，从而得出答案。‎ B As I was thinking about language learning the other day, the image of baking bread came into my mind. I compared some of the exercises and drills that we put ourselves through in order to learn a language to the various ingredients that go into baking a loaf of fresh bread.‎ Real language learning takes place in human relationships. No one sits down and eats a cup of flour, even if he is hungry and in a hurry. You don’t become bilingual（双语的）by learning lists of vocabulary. You don’t become a speaker of a language by memorizing verb conjugations（动词的词形变化）and agreement rules. You become bilingual by entering a community that uses that other language as its primary means of communication.‎ I am not suggesting that we can make bread without ingredients. Flour is necessary, as are yeast, salt, water and other ingredients. Vocabulary is part of any language and will have to be learned. Grammatical rules exist in every language and cannot be ignored. But merely combining the appropriate ingredients in the recommended proportions does not result in bread. At best, you only end up with a ball of dough（面团）.‎ In order to get bread, you have to apply heat to the dough. And in language learning, that heat comes from the community. Anyone who has learned a second language has experienced that heat. It creeps up your neck when you ask the babysitter, “Have you already been eaten?” when you meant to say, “Have you already eaten?” When you try to say something quite innocent and the whole room bursts into laughter, you are experiencing the heat that turns raw dough into good bread.‎ Remember the old saying, “If you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen”? This is where ‎ language learning often breaks down because we find the heat uncomfortable and we stop the baking process. In other words, we can’t stand the heat, so we get out of the kitchen.‎ However, the language learner who stays in the kitchen—in the heat—until the combined ingredients are thoroughly transformed will enjoy the richness of a quality loaf of bread. He said that he did not “get out of the kitchen” at the critical moment when the oven seemed too hot. The dedicated language learner knows that becoming bilingual cannot be achieved without the heat!‎ ‎39. The passage is mainly about _______.‎ A. how we can make baking bread with various ingredients B. how to become bilingual by communicating with others C. what an important role “heat” plays in learning a language D. what a high quality of bread you may achieve in the kitchen ‎40. You can become a speaker of a language by _______.‎ A. bearing millions of words and expressions in your mind B. using the language to communicate with those around you C. knowing verb conjugations and grammatical rules D. saying something innocent to be laughed at by others ‎41. What’s the purpose of illustration of the example — you ask the babysitter, “Have you already been eaten?” when you meant to say, “Have you already eaten?”?‎ A. To prove that you are sure to make some mistakes when you enter a community.‎ B. To show that you should combine the ingredients in the recommended proportions.‎ C. To prove that you may experience “heat” from the community in language learning.‎ D. To indicate that being bilingual calls for your courage, confidence and perseverance.‎ ‎42. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the necessity of baking bread and learning language?‎ A. Wonderful skills. B. Various ingredients.‎ C. Appropriate proportions. D. Uncomfortable heat.‎ ‎【答案】39. C 40. B 41. C 42. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇语言学习类短文阅读。文章作者用诙谐幽默的口吻对语言学习与烤面包进行了比较，并强调了“热度”在语言学习中是多么的作用。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句The dedicated language learner knows that becoming bilingual cannot be achieved without the heat!和全文内容可知，文章作者用诙谐幽默的口吻对语言学习与烤面包进行了比较，并强调了“热度”在语言学习中是多么的作用。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段Real language learning takes place in human relationships.和You become bilingual by entering a community that uses that other language as its primary means of communication.可知，只有通过语言交流才能熟练掌握语言。故选B。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段And in language learning, that heat comes from the community. Anyone who has learned a second language has experienced that heat.可知，作者举例说明的目的是为了证明在语言学习中，其热度来自于社会交流。故选C。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章作者对语言学习与烤面包进行了比较，在文章第三段提及到various ingredients和appropriate proportions的必要性，最后两段强调了uncomfortable heat的必要性。wonderful skills文章作者没有提及到。故选A。‎ C Wilderness ‎“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved. ‎ As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these ”ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.‎ Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for ‎ survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.‎ I look forwards to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.‎ This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.‎ ‎43. John Sauven holds that_____.‎ A. many people value nature too much B. exploitation of wildernesses is harmful C. wildernesses provide humans with necessities D. the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong ‎44. What is the main idea of Para. 3?‎ A. The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.‎ B. Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.‎ C. Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.‎ D. All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.‎ ‎45. What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?‎ A. Objective. B. Disapproving. C. Sceptical. D. Optimistic.‎ ‎46. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?‎ CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) : Conclusion A. B. C. D. ‎ ‎【答案】43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文客观阐述了不同的人对于怎么利用荒原持有的不同的观点。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段these "ecosystem services" far outweigh the gains from exploitation.。得知John Sauven认为“生态系统服务”远比开发的利益重要得多，由此可推断他的观点是开发荒野有害。故选B 。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据本段第二句和第三句是对另外一种观点的概括，意思是荒野的有益服务不能作为不开发的理由，故选C。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 作者态度题。据最后两段就可以看出，作者并没有直接表明自己的观点。只是比较客观的进行阐述。选A。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 文章结构题。文章第一段提出中心论点；第二、三两段分别阐述了两种不同的观点；第四段是作者自己的观点；最后一点是文章的结论。推出选D。‎ 考点：自然与社会类文章 D No one has a temper naturally so good, that it does not need attention and cultivation, and no one has a temper so bad, but that, by proper culture, it may become pleasant. One of the best disciplined tempers ever seen, was that of a gentleman who was naturally quick, irritable, rash, and violent; but, by taking care of the sick, and especially of mentally deranged(疯狂的) people, he so completely mastered himself that he was never known to be thrown off his guard.‎ There is no misery so constant, so upsetting, and so intolerable to others, as that of having a character which is your master. There are corners at every turn in life, against which we may run, and at which we may break out in impatience, if we choose.‎ Look at Roger Sherman, who rose from a humble occupation to a seat in the first Congress of the United States, and whose judgment was received with great respect by that body of distinguished men. He made himself master of his temper and cultivated it as a great business in life. There are one or two instances which show this part of his character in a light that is beautiful.‎ One day, after having received his highest honors, he was sitting and reading in his sitting room. A student, in a room close by, held a lookingglass in such a position as to pour the reflected rays of the sun directly in Mr. Sherman's face. He moved his chair, and the thing was repeated. A third time the chair was ‎ moved, but the lookingglass still reflected the sun in his eyes. He laid aside his book, went to the window, and many witnesses of the rude behavior expected to see the ungentlemanly student severely punished. He raised the window gently, and then—shut the window blind!‎ I can not help providing another instance of the power he had acquired over himself. He was naturally possessed of strong passions, but over these he at length obtained an extraordinary control. He became habitually calm and selfpossessed. Mr Sherman was one of those men who are not ashamed to maintain the forms of religion in their families. One morning he called them all together as usual to lead them in prayer to God. The “old family Bible” was brought out and laid on the table.‎ Mr Sherman took his seat and placed beside him one of his children, a child of his old age. The rest of the family were seated around the room, several of whom were now grownups. Besides these, some of the tutors of the college were boarders in the family and were present at the time. His aged mother occupied a corner of the room, opposite the place where the distinguished Judge sat.‎ At length, he opened the Bible and began to read. The child who was seated beside him made some little disturbance, upon which Mr Sherman paused and told it to be still. Again he continued but again he had to pause to scold the little offender, whose playful character would scarcely permit it to be still. At this time he gently tapped its ear. The blow, if blow it might be called, caught the attention of his aged mother, who now with some effort rose from the seat and tottered across the room. At length, she reached the chair of Mr Sherman, and in a moment, most unexpectedly to him, she gave him a blow on the ear with all the force she could gather. “There，” said she, “you strike your child, and I will strike mine.”‎ For a moment, the blood was seen mounting to the face of Mr Sherman. But it was only for a moment and all was calm and mild as usual. He paused; he raised his glasses; he cast his eye upon his mother; again it fell upon the book from which he had been reading. Not a word escaped him; but again he calmly pursued the service, and soon sought in prayer an ability to set an example before his household which should be worthy of their imitation. Such a victory was worth more than the proudest one ever achieved on the field of battle.‎ ‎47. The following sentence should be put at the beginning of Paragraph ________．‎ The difference in the happiness which is received by the man who governs his temper and that by the man who does not is dramatic（戏剧性的，巨大的）.‎ A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five ‎48. What was Roger Sherman's attitude towards his aged mother?‎ A. Grateful. B. Skeptical.‎ C. Tolerant. D. Sympathetic.‎ ‎49. What can we learn about Roger Sherman?‎ A. He came from a distinguished family background.‎ B. He was not good at displaying his true inner feelings.‎ C. He severely punished a student who didn't behave himself.‎ D. He was a man conscious of the consequences of his behavior.‎ ‎50. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?‎ A. Mr Sherman's face was covered with blood.‎ B. Mr Sherman was seeking strength in prayer.‎ C. Mr Sherman was then on the point of exploding.‎ D. Mr Sherman was ashamed of his mother's rude behavior.‎ ‎【答案】47. A 48. C 49. D 50. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，文章通过Sherman对学生和自己母亲控制脾气的例子，说明了培养脾气的重要性，不能控制脾气的危害与痛苦。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 推理判断题。所填句子的句意：能控制自己脾气的人所获得的幸福与不能控制自己脾气的人所获得的幸福的区别是戏剧性的。第一段讲培养脾气的重要性，第二段介绍不能控制脾气的危害与痛苦。所填句子连接第一、二段，承上启下，应该放在第二段开头。故选A。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二个故事中she gave him a blow on the ear with all the force she could gather.母亲用尽全力打了Sherman一耳光，it was only for a moment and all was calm and mild as usual. He paused; he raised his glasses; he cast his eye upon his mother; again it fell upon the book from which he had been reading. Not a word escaped him;事后Sherman马上恢复了以往的平静和温和，继续做事。由此可知Sherman对母亲的行为是宽容的，故选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段He made himself master of his temper and cultivated it as a great business in life.及下文Sherman对无教养学生和自己老母亲的宽容可知，他控制住自己的脾气，并把它当作人生中的一件大事来培养。他是一个能意识到自己行为后果的人，故选D。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 句意猜测题。划线句意：有那么一会儿，谢尔曼先生的脸上出现了血丝。因为母亲当众用力打了Sherman一耳光，他当时很生气，脾气几乎要失去控制马上要爆发。故选C。‎ 第三部分： 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。‎ When a thought has found words Poetry is the forgotten child of literature. Few people read it for pleasure and modern poets are looked upon as odd creatures from a strange universe. In Western high schools, poetry is seldom taught because it is considered old-fashioned and not relevant to the needs of today’s students.‎ In China, however, poetry is still an important part of the curriculum and, with recent changes announced by the Ministry of Education, the number of poems students will have to memorize and recite is being increased from fourteen to seventy-two. Now, before you gasp in horror, let’s think about the reasons why studying so many poems, especially ancient poems, is important.‎ First of all, poetry is an essential part of traditional Chinese culture. It is a pathway to understanding your history and your society. It is also the key to understanding the thoughts and emotions that are common to everyone but which we may be unable to express—the joy of Li Bai dancing with the moon, for example. Everyone has feelings of joy, love, loneliness, sadness and even anger, and a good poem can put those emotions into words and bring us self-understanding.‎ Poems can also express beauty. In a few short lines, even something commonplace can become beautiful. Here is a poem called “Fog” by Carl Sandberg: The fog comes / on silent haunches (弓腰蹲着) / and then moves on. Yes, fog does move smoothly, silently and mysteriously like a cat, and Sandberg captures that feeling and image, and makes it beautiful.‎ Of course, to really appreciate poetry, it has to be really aloud. After all, a poem is really just a song without music. Most ancient poetry, especially Western poetry, was actually spoken before it was written. Take Homer’s Iliad (伊利亚德), the story of the Trojan War (特洛伊战争), for example. That epic saga (史诗般的故事) of Helen’s kidnapping and the war that followed was apparently told for hundreds of years in palaces, taverns (客栈) and on street corners before Homer wrote it down and was given credit for it.‎ The American poet Robert Frost said, “Poetry is when an emotion has found its thought and the thought has found words.” And poems are very concise—there is not a wasted word. You are lucky that you now have seventy-two poems to learn!‎ Passage outline Detailed information Awkward situation Poetry is thought to be ___51___ from the life of people and poets beyond the understanding of ordinary people.‎ China’s recent ___52___‎ ‎___53___the number of poems for school students to memorize and recite ‎___54___ behind Poetry is a reflection of Chinese culture.‎ Learning poems help with the ___55___ of history and society.‎ Poems enable people to express thoughts and feelings which would otherwise be ___56___ to express.‎ Poetry conveys the beauty that ___57___ in common things.‎ Poems use as ___58___ words as possible.‎ A tip on ___59___‎ Poetry is to read out.‎ Poems are songs without music;‎ Many ancient poems first appeared in ___60___ form.‎ Conclusion Chinese students should feel lucky to have seventy two poems to learn!‎ ‎【答案】51. far 52. measure 53. Increasing 54. Reasons 55. understanding 56. hard 57. exists/is 58. few 59. appreciation 60. spoken/oral ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要介绍在中国，诗歌仍然是课程的重要组成部分。诗歌是学习中国传统文化不可缺少的一部分，它是了解中国历史和社会的一条途径。它也是理解思想和感情的关键，诗歌也可以表达美。当然，要真正享受诗歌，就必须大声朗诵。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 归纳题。根据文章第二段Few people read it for pleasure and modern poets are looked upon as odd creatures from a strange universe. In Western high schools, poetry is seldom taught because it is considered old-fashioned and not relevant to the needs of today’s students.可以归纳出，诗歌被认为远离人们的生活。短语far from远离。故填far。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 归纳题。根据表格后面的详细信息及文章第三段内容可知，这里为中国最近所采取的措施。故填measure。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 词形转化题。根据文章第三段the number of poems students will have to memorize and recite is being increased from fourteen to seventy-two.中的动词increased提示，所填词位于句首且作主语，故用动名词形式，注意首字母大写。故填Increasing。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 原词再现题。根据文章第三段Now, before you gasp in horror, let’s think about the reasons why studying so many poems, especially ancient poems, is important.原词reasons，注意首字母大写。故填Reasons。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 原词再现题。根据文章第四段It is a path to understanding your history and your society动词understand提示可知，这里用其名词形式。故填understanding。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 词义转换题。根据文章第四段It is also the key to understanding the thoughts and emotions that are common to everyone but which we may be unable to express中短语be unable to转换为be hard to。故填hard。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 词义转换题。根据文章第五段In a few short lines, even something commonplace can become beautiful.平凡的事物也可以变得很美。分析所填词句子可知，定语从句缺少谓语动词，这里要表达“美存在常见的事物中”。故填exists/is。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 词义转换题。根据文章最后一段And poems are very concise—there is not a wasted word.可知，诗歌非常简洁。所以用few words。故填few。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 词性转化题。根据文章倒数第二段Of course, to really appreciate poetry, it has to be really aloud.中动词appreciate转化为名词appreciation。故填appreciation。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 原词再现题。根据文章倒数第二段Most ancient poetry, especially Western poetry, was actually spoken before it was written.中原词spoken，在所填空中作形容词，修饰名词form ‎，表示“口头形式”，也可以用其近义词oral。故填spoken/oral。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查任务型阅读，要求考生根据篇章内容和所给题目，进行快速阅读，锁定关键词。考查学生分清条理和查找关键词的能力。这种题目的难度不大，需要根据正确理解文章所说的内容，确定关键句子，找出关键词。有时也需要因为所填内容的限制，将关键词变形，例如小题3，原文给出的是动词appreciate，而题中接在介词on后，需要用名词appreciation，故将appreciate要变成appreciation。‎ 第四部分 ‎ 根据中文提示或首字母完成句子，每空一词，并注意单词的正确形式。‎ ‎61. The house is more than twenty metres long and m____________ six metres in width.‎ ‎62. If you feel uncomfortable, c________ your doctor.‎ ‎63. The spokesman ________( 证实）that the area was now in rebel hands.‎ ‎64. The car is still under g__________, so the factory will repair it.‎ ‎65. Overweight people ignore the amount of food that they c______________.‎ ‎66. There are some stars ________（看不见的）.‎ ‎67. The sofa can t___________ for use as a bed.‎ ‎68. Her husband is _________（谨慎的）, never making a swift decision about anything.‎ ‎69. The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favour, _______（伴随）by enthusiastic applause.‎ ‎70. Police insist that Michael did not follow the correct ____（步骤，程序） in applying for a visa.‎ ‎【答案】61. measures 62. consult 63. confirmed 64. guarantee 65. consume 66. invisible 67. transform 68. cautious 69. accompanied 70. procedure/procedures ‎【解析】‎ 本题考查单词拼写。做题时需要理解句意并用正确的形式填入句中。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查动词。动词measure测量，根据主语The house可知用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。句意：这座房子长20多米，宽6米。故填measures。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查动词。动词consult咨询，根据句意可知，这里为祈使句，故用动词原形。句意：如果你感到不舒服，向你的医生咨询。故填consult。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查动词。动词confirm证实，根据后句可知用一般过去时。句意：发言人证实该地区现在处 于叛军手中。故填confirmed。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查动词。名词guarantee保证，短语under guarantee在保修期内。句意：汽车仍在保修期内，所以工厂将修理它。故填guarantee。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查动词。动词consume消耗，根据前句可知用一般现在时。句意：超重的人忽略了他们消耗的食物量。故填consume。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查动词。形容词invisible看不见的。句意：有一些星星是看不见的。故填invisible。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查动词。动词transform改变，转换。句意：这个沙发可改作床使用。故填transform。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查动词。形容词cautious谨慎的。句意：她丈夫很谨慎，从不对任何事情作出迅速的决定。故填cautious。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查动词。动词accompany伴随，与逻辑主语The proposal之间为被动故选，故用过去分词作状语。句意：在热烈的掌声中，提案以2比1的优势很快通过了表决。故填accompanied。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查动词。名词procedure步骤，程序，尾可数名词，根据前面的定冠词the，可用单数或复数形式。句意：这位官员坚持认定Michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。故填procedure/procedures。‎ 第五部分：书面表达（满分20分）‎ ‎71.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ It's a question every socialmedia user faces after taking a great photo: Should I post this? Or is it going to come back to worry me? The questions get doubly complex when they involve children. A parent on average will post almost 1，000 photos of a child online before the child turns five, according to a ‎ recent survey. Are parents putting kids at risk by oversharing on social media?‎ Here are the selections of the views.‎ Lauren Apfel(US)‎ The big reason to share is to build a community. I live, for example, thousands of miles from my family. In this atmosphere of modern parenthood, we all struggle to make it through the day, and the Internet has become a source of support. In the early years of mothering twins, one of the things that brought me the most happiness was posting pictures of them on Facebook. Sharing those photos and engaging with an online community was a lifeline.‎ Dracarys(China)‎ I don't post pictures of my kids online because I don't like when friends of mine post photos of me online. It feels way too public and exhibitionist to me. So I treat my kids the way I want to be treated. That is probably what the parents who are comfortable with online photos think, too, when they decide to put the photos out there.‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要。‎ ‎2. 用约120个单词阐述你对家长在社交网络上分享孩子照片的看法，并用2—3个理由或论据支撑你的理由。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句。‎ ‎2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎3. 不必写标题 ‎【评分标准】 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯 ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Possible version 1：‎ While it is common for a parent to post children's photos nowadays, people take different attitudes toward it. Some think it's beneficial while others are anxious about it.‎ In my opinion, posting children's photos online is beneficial for people and makes a child better known. As a result, he is likely to have more chances to be successful in the future. It will also be easier for parents to communicate with other friends, for they have more to share with each other. Besides, it's a way to strengthen an online social circle and connect with people we don't know before.‎ Although there may be some disadvantages that come with posting children's photos, it's not necessary to be too cautious about it. We should have confidence in our society because we won't throw away the apple because of the core. ‎ Possible version 2：‎ While it's common for a parent to post children's photos nowadays, people take different attitudes toward it. Some think it's beneficial while others are anxious about it.‎ In my opinion, it is not always the smartest or safest thing to do so. What parents view as delightful photos may be interpreted differently by others and give a false image of what the child is really like. Besides, there is a growing crime called “digital kidnapping” in which individuals or companies steal children's images and use them in advertisements or other commercial activities. Apart from the obvious dangers of identity theft, it can result in them being reshared and altered by other online users without permission, which may end up damaging their school status or future career prospects. ‎ In short, although sharing children's photos online does have advantages, parents should be cautious about it.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本书面表达属于读写任务写作。考生先要概括文章概要，然后对家长在社交网络上分享孩子照片发表看法。‎ ‎【详解】本书面表达属于读写任务写作。动笔前，首先要认真阅读原文，并理解其内容。其次，认真看清题目要求，在稿子上列出提纲。最后，根据要求写出文章。这篇书面表达写作内容：1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要。2. 用约120个单词阐述你对家长在社交网络上分享孩子照片的看法，并用2—3个理由或论据支撑你的理由。写作要求：1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句。2. ‎ 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。3. 不必写标题。写作的时候，要按照要点去表达，不能有遗漏，要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己会的单词、词组和句型，同时也要注意使用一些高级语法和句型，使自己的文章更有文采。‎ ‎【点睛】高分句型：1. In my opinion, posting children's photos online is beneficial for people and makes a child better known.这句话运用了动名词作主语。‎ ‎2. Although there may be some disadvantages that come with posting children's photos, it's not necessary to be too cautious about it.这句话中运用了定语从句。‎ ‎3. What parents view as delightful photos may be interpreted differently by others and give a false image of what the child is really like. 这句话中运用了名词性从句。‎ ‎4. Besides, there is a growing crime called “digital kidnapping” in which individuals or companies steal children's images and use them in advertisements or other commercial activities. 和Apart from the obvious dangers of identity theft, it can result in them being reshared and altered by other online users without permission, which may end up damaging their school status or future career prospects. 这两句话中运用了定语从句。‎