2019届一轮复习北师大版必修一Unit3Celelbration单元学案（9页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版必修一Unit3Celelbration单元学案（9页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版必修一Unit 3Celelbration单元学案 ‎ ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．For many athletes, the Olympics is a onceinalifetime opportunity (机会)．‎ ‎2．The opening ceremony (仪式) of the 2020 Olympic Games will be worth watching.‎ ‎3．The two countries are friendly neighbouring countries linked (连接) together as flesh and blood.‎ ‎4．When people move into a new place, they often destroy (破坏) many wild plants.‎ ‎5．He's much thinner nowadays (现在) than he used to be; I think he's been ill.‎ ‎6．After he graduated from college, he found a job and the salary (薪水) was just enough to feed himself.‎ ‎7．We went to Mary's wedding (婚礼) last week, and I do hope her marriage will be a success.‎ ‎8．My daughter asked me to buy her a pillow (枕头) stuffed with feathers.‎ ‎9．Keep certain basics such as stamps, envelopes (信封), notepads and pens in your desk.‎ ‎10．Roger turned down the invitation (邀请) to speak at the science conference.‎ ‎11．Seriously (serious) damaged by the heavy floods, the bridge is no longer in use.‎ ‎12．As is known to us, May Day is a traditional (tradition) day for celebrations.‎ ‎13．I like playing football best, but occasionally (occasion) I play table tennis, too.‎ ‎14．Please accept my warmest congratulations (congratulate) on your being elected the President.‎ ‎15．I have great admiration (admire) for her after knowing that she is a writer.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎ ‎1．Ann found many deserted things after her roommate left, included two photos.included→including ‎2．Over the years, he has applied himself to improve the living conditions of the migrant workers.improve→improving ‎3．He was doing his homework then the fire alarm began ringing.then→when ‎4．Don't worry. You can depend on that he'll turn up on time. He always keeps his promises.on后加it ‎5．On the top of the mountain is some beautiful buildings with long history._is→are_‎ ‎6．The house is very comfortable to live.live后加in ‎7．Poor diet and excess smoking will serious damage the health of your hair.serious→seriously ‎8．Listening to music can serve for an approach to releasing tension.for→as ‎9．We must carry off till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.off→on ‎10．She put aside a notice about the school trip to Italy.aside→up Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎ ‎1．我们是否举行运动会取决于天气。(depend on)‎ Whether_we'll_have_the_sports_meeting_depends_on_the_weather.‎ ‎2．墙上挂着许多电影明星的照片。(全部倒装句)‎ On_the_wall__hang_many_pictures_about_famous_film_stars.‎ ‎3．他对太空发展计划有很大贡献。(make contributions to)‎ He_has_made_great_contributions_to_space_development_programs.‎ ‎4．即使明天不下雨， 我也不和你去。(even if)‎ Even_if_it_doesn't_rain_tomorrow,_I_won't_go_with_you.‎ ‎5．据说，莫言的小说已被翻译成了多种不同的语言。(sb./sth. is said to ...)‎ Mo_Yan's_novels_are_said_to_have_been_translated_into_many_different_languages.‎ ‎6．对我来说这个问题很难解决。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)‎ The_problem_is_hard_for_me_to_solve.‎ ‎[阅读理解提速练]‎ A Ophelia and the Marvelous Boy by Karen Foxlee Type：Fantasy Storyline：‎ When Ophelia moves to a strange city where it never stops snowing, she discovers a boy locked away for 75 years in a museum.She must help the boy before the Snow Queen freezes the world.Along the way, Ophelia learns how to believe in things she cannot see.‎ Targeted readers：‎ People who like fairy tales would enjoy this book.‎ A Hundred Horses By Sarah Lean Type：Mystery Storyline：‎ The wooden horse Nell brings along during her visits to her aunt and cousins is stolen by a girl named Angel.As Nell finds out Angel's true identity, a bond grows between them and a group of 99 horses.Word has it that the 100th horse is magical.But where is it？Nell doesn't know, but Angel might know.‎ Targeted readers：‎ Kids who like animals and nature will be sure to find this book exciting.‎ How to Catch a Bogle by Catherine Jinks Type：Fantasy Storyline：‎ Birdie is an orphan who is good at trapping monsters with her singing voice.She is the only goblin (小妖精) hunter in the world.When kids go missing, it's up to her to figure out why.‎ Targeted readers：‎ Anyone who is looking for monsters will take great pleasure in this book.‎ I Even Funnier: A Middle School Story by James Patterson and Chris Grabenstein Type：Fiction Storyline：‎ After a car accident Jamie loses his family, and then he moves in with his aunt, uncle and his cousin Stevie, whose basic aim is to trick Jamie.But Jamie keeps having a positive attitude and running after his goals.He was recently honored the Funniest Kid Comic of New York State.‎ Targeted readers：‎ This book would be great for anyone who is fond of humorous books.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本书籍，提供了每本书的名称、作者、种类、故事情节和目标读者。‎ ‎1．Which writer tells a story about a girl saving a boy?‎ A．Karen Foxlee.‎ B．Sarah Lean.‎ C．Catherine Jinks.‎ D．James Patterson and Chris Grabenstein.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章对第一本书的简介，尤其是第二句“She must help the boy before the Snow Queen freezes the world”可知，在冰雪女王冰冻世界之前Ophelia必须帮助那个男孩逃离，Ophelia and the Marvelous Boy的作者是Karen Foxlee，故选A。‎ ‎2．Nature lovers may take interest in ________.‎ A．Ophelia and the Marvelous Boy B．A Hundred Horses C．How to Catch a Bogle D．I Even Funnier: A Middle School Story 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二本书对目标读者的描述“Kids who like animals and nature will be sure to find this book exciting”可知，喜欢动物和自然的孩子一定会发现这本书是令人兴奋的，故第二本书A Hundred Horses符合要求，即B项正确。‎ ‎3．Who went through life challenges without losing heart?‎ A．Ophelia.　　　　　　　 B．Nell.‎ C．Birdie. D．Jamie.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章对第四本书的简介的“But Jamie keeps having a positive attitude and running after his goals”可知，Jamie在失去父母寄居在亲戚家时依旧保持积极的态度，追求自己的梦想，故选D项。‎ ‎4．In which section of a newspaper can we find such a passage?‎ A．Fashion. B．Literature.‎ C．Business. D．Local news.‎ 解析：选B　文章出处题。根据文章对四本书的介绍可知，这篇文章可能来自报纸的文学版块，即B项正确。‎ B In many parts of the world, people still celebrate festivals at harvest time. In West Africa, people celebrate the New Yam Festival, called Iriji. Yams, a kind of sweet potato, are an important food in countries such as Nigeria. In Nigeria the Ibo people have a yam harvest festival each August. The night before the festival, they dispose of the last year's yams. A village elder or chief eats the first new yam. Then he offers the harvest to the gods and to the ancestors of the people. Finally, he divides the yams among the people. On the festival day, people take part in traditional dances all day and all night.‎ The people of South India celebrate a festival called Pongal, which lasts four days. In this region, heavy rainstorms called monsoons come in October and November. These rains water the crops. Farmers harvest the crops in January. On the first day of Pongal, people give thanks for the rains to Indra, ruler of the clouds. On the second day, they say prayers to Surya, the sun god. On the third day, the festival of cattle, or cows, takes place. People thank the cows for the work they do to pull plows and give milk. The final day of Pongal is devoted to outdoor activities and excursions. The people also set out rice balls for birds to eat. They believe that this brings good luck and happiness.‎ Other places also have elaborate harvest rituals. For example, in Brazil people celebrate Saint John's Day. It is a midwinter festival, but it takes place on June 24 and 25. During Saint John's Day, people light bonfires to wake up Saint John in heaven so that he can hear their prayers. The festival also involves special foods. People cook desserts made from corn. One such dish, pamonha, is sweet corn that is mashed and wrapped in cooked corn husks, or leaves. Another dish, canjica, is a corn pudding.‎ As long as they farm the land, people in these and other places will probably continue to celebrate the harvest.‎ ‎5．Why do people honor cattle during Pongal?‎ A．They will be killed for meat.‎ B．They are considered as gods.‎ C．They help people with farm work.‎ D．They are good sacrifices to the ancestors.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the festival of cattle, or cows, takes place. People thank the cows for the work they do to pull plows and give milk”可知，在庆祝丰收的节日里，要感谢牛付出的劳动。‎ ‎6．What do the three festivals have in common?‎ A．They are intended to value animals.‎ B．They involve expressions of thanks to gods.‎ C．They are often celebrated after the monsoons.‎ D．They include outdoor activities and excursions.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Then he offers the harvest to the gods”，第二段中的“give thanks for the rains to Indra, ruler of the clouds. On the second day, they say prayers to Surya, the sun god”以及第三段中的“people light bonfires to wake up Saint John in heaven so that he can hear their prayers”可知，它们都有一个仪式来对神表达感谢。‎ ‎7．What can we conclude from the text?‎ A．People in South India believe in one god.‎ B．Harvest festivals also celebrate the unity of families.‎ C．Saint John's Day is celebrated only when the harvest is good.‎ D．The Ibo people believe that their ancestors help the crops grow.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In Nigeria the Ibo people have a yam harvest festival each August ... Then he offers the harvest to the gods and to the ancestors of the people”可知，伊博人在丰收节日里敬奉祖先，是因为他们相信祖先保佑他们的庄稼丰收。‎ C ‎(2018·合肥模拟)Recently, I've found an increasing number of coffee shops don't offer WiFi. I know what they're trying to do. They want people to talk to each other without being consumed by technology. They would rather hear many voices having deep discussions than see a keyboard or eyes staring at a cell phone. However, their good intentions are often mistaken by consumers, me included.‎ One snowy day, a friend and I found ourselves working from home and decided it would be a great idea to go to a local coffee shop and work there. We found a place that had unique coffee flavors and great reviews. It was a long walk from where our subway dropped us off, but we decided it was worth it.‎ We walked through the snow and my feet slowly worked their way toward being frostbitten (被冻伤的) because the boots I had worn were wet. Well, about 10 minutes later, we found the place under a brick building and our blue lips were eagerly looking forward to that warm drink. As we walked up to the door, we saw the sign, “No WiFi.” In anger, we looked at each other and ‎ said “Starbucks？”‎ Of course, this was a loss for them. They lost our business. People who come to coffee shops to work do come to be on their computers. But they also go there so that they can still have communication. They want to work around other people, not in a room by themselves. What's more, even if the shops don't have WiFi, people will still use their phones, unless all the phone service is blocked out. ‎ So, my friend and I spent the day working together in the biggest chain coffee shop. We completed our task perfectly and that wasn't the case in the coffee shop without WiFi.‎ Therefore, there is no need to shut WiFi to customers. With it, the shop will get more people and there might even be more laughter and better relationships than before.‎ 语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的切身体会，在文章中表达了自己对咖啡店关闭WiFi的看法，他认为这样的举措是完全错误的。‎ ‎8．Why do many coffee shops shut WiFi?‎ A．To keep people drinking coffee quietly.‎ B．To cut down the unnecessary expense.‎ C．To get people to communicate closely.‎ D．To make people concentrate on their work.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的第三、四句可知，咖啡店关闭WiFi的目的是让顾客面对面地用心交流。‎ ‎9．What did the author and his friend want to do on that snowy day?‎ A．Walk back home from work.‎ B．Finish their work at a coffee shop.‎ C．Get some help from a coffee shopkeeper.‎ D．Express their anger to the coffee shopkeepers.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，作者和朋友想去一家咖啡店完成剩下的工作。‎ ‎10．Why does the author think the coffee shops' measure is wrong?‎ A．They are not at customers' convenience.‎ B．They can't block out all the phone service.‎ C．They don't provide computers for customers.‎ D．They don't allow customers to communicate freely.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，咖啡店不仅是顾客消遣和放松的地方，也应该是顾客工作的地方，关闭WiFi会给人们带来不便，而且关闭WiFi后，人们照样可以玩手机。‎ D Many fruits and vegetables would disappear from grocery store shelves if it weren't for honeybees.Almonds (扁桃仁), for example, are a $2.5 billion industry in California, and almond growers depend on honeybees to pollinate (授粉) the crop.No honeybees would mean no almonds.Many berries (like blackberries and strawberries) need bees, as do vegetables like cucumbers and squash.‎ And don't forget tree crops like apples, oranges and peaches.Watermelon and cantaloupes depend on bees, too.In fact, approximately 15 percent of the food Americans eat comes directly from honeybee pollination.Another 15 percent comes from animals that eat foods that bees pollinate.In other words, close to a third of the food that Americans eat currently requires honeybee pollination.Honeybee pollination is so important that bee farmers actually truck their bees from orchard (果园) to orchard and from farm to farm to help pollinate crops.‎ A honeybee starts the honey making process by visiting a flower.With luck, the flower contains nectar (花蜜), and the bee sucks some of the nectar up with a little straw built into its mouth.Most flower nectars are like sugar water; there is a little sugar mixed with water.Nectars can contain other beneficial substances as well.To make honey, two things happen.‎ The first thing uses enzymes (酶)．One enzyme that bees produce turns the sucrose (蔗糖) in the nectar into glucose (葡萄糖) and fructose (果糖)．Another enzyme turns some of the glucose into an acid and hydrogen peroxide (过氧化氢)．By making honey acidic, it kills any bacteria that get into the honey.‎ The second thing uses evaporation (蒸发) to get rid of the extra water.Most of the moisture has to be evaporated, so that honey is only about 18 percent water.Bees evaporate the extra water by putting little drops of nectar in the hive and fanning it with their wings.‎ Honey is a very stable food.It naturally resists molds (霉菌), fungi (真菌) and other bacteria, allowing it to last for years without refrigeration.‎ 语篇解读：蜜蜂在我们的生活中发挥着很重要的作用，如果没有蜜蜂，也就没有我们食用的很多蔬菜和水果。本文介绍了蜜蜂的重要性及蜜蜂如果授粉、如何制造蜂蜜等。‎ ‎11．Bees are always trucked between different places in order to ________.‎ A．lay eggs in all the orchards and farms B．mate with bees living different zones C．help bee farmers deal with harmful insects D．pollinate flowers or plants grown in different places 解析： 选D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Honeybee pollination is so important that ...farm to farm to help pollinate crops.”可知，蜜蜂授粉的重要性使得蜂农们带着它们在不同的地方给农作物授粉。‎ ‎12．How does a honeybee suck the nectar from flowers?‎ A．Through a little straw built into its mouth.‎ B．With the help of the bee farmer.‎ C．By drinking the water that contains nectar.‎ D．By fanning it with the wings.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the bee sucks some of the nectar up with a little straw built into its mouth”可知选A项。‎ ‎13．Which one is the way mentioned in the passage to make honey?‎ A．To evaporate most of the moisture in the nectar.‎ B．To kill all the bacteria in the nectar.‎ C．To expose it to sunlight for some time.‎ D．To mix the nectar with some sugar.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The second thing uses evaporation (蒸发) to get rid of the extra water.Most of the moisture has to be evaporated, so that honey is only about 18 percent water.”可知，利用蒸发的方法将花蜜中的水分去除是其中一个方法。‎ ‎14．Why honey can be kept for a long time without being cooled?‎ A．Because there is no bacteria in it.‎ B．Because it can stand bad weather conditions.‎ C．Because it protects itself against bacteria naturally.‎ D．Because it is wellpreserved in containers.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，蜂蜜天然可以抵抗霉菌、真菌和其他的细菌，所以不用冰箱也可以存放多年。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Growing Minds Need Greener Spaces It is not a secret that spending time outdoors is good for us. The more we learn about the benefits of being in nature, the more sense it makes to get outside.‎ ‎__15__New research suggests that kids may learn better when they are surrounded by greener spaces. Green spaces are spaces filled with vegetation — like trees, flowers and other plants.‎ But these days, outdoor time is competing for a child's attention with indoor activities. Children may find it difficult to resist computers, television and electronic games.__16__All these indoor activities can hurt a child's physical and mental health.‎ Doctor Payam Dadvand and his team at the Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology in Barcelona study the environment effects on health and learning.‎ The researchers used information from satellites to learn how many green spaces surrounded each school.Over one year, the children took computerized tests four times.__17__They found that the children with higher contact with green spaces had better ability to memorize.They were also more attentive.__18__More trees mean less air pollution.‎ ‎__19__Lisa Freund is an expert in child psychology for the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. She says more studies are needed to learn the reasons that vegetation in and around schools improves mental ability.‎ A．They measured memory and attention span.‎ B．This could be especially important for school children.‎ C．Approximately one half of the world's population live in cities.‎ D．The question of why green spaces affect learning is a new one.‎ E．The research suggests good air quality is the main reason for the results.‎ F．So, in many parts of the world children are spending less and less time outdoors.‎ G．The researchers created mathematical models to compare the amount of vegetation.‎ 语篇解读：新的研究表明，当孩子被绿色空间包围时学习效果会更好。这就要求我们更加关注环境问题，为孩子营造更健康的生活和学习环境。‎ ‎15．解析：选B　根据上一段可知，多进行室外活动对我们有益。空格后面一句提到了周围环境对孩子的影响，故此处应用B项(这可能对学校的孩子们尤其重要)承上启下。‎ ‎16．解析：选F　前面两句提到越来越多的孩子难以抵挡电脑、电视和电子游戏等室内活动的诱惑，用于室外活动的时间越来越少。F项(因此，世界上很多地方的孩子在室外的时间越来越少)可承接上文。‎ ‎17．解析：选A　本段介绍的是研究的过程。后面两句介绍了研究结果。A项说明研究人员测试了周围环境对孩子的记忆力和注意力的影响，用在此处符合逻辑。‎ ‎18．解析：选E　空格前面两句说明了研究结果，E项(研究表明良好的空气质量是出现这种结果的主要原因)与上文承接自然，且与下一句联系紧密。‎ ‎19．解析：选D　下文提到专家认为我们需要进行更多研究来找出绿色植被影响智力的原因，故可用D项(为什么绿色空间影响学习是一个新问题)总领该段。‎