2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit3Travljournal单元学案（43页）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit3Travljournal单元学案（43页）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit3Travl journal单元学案 ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．journal n．　　　　　　　　　 日记；杂志；定期刊物 ‎2．fare n. 费用 ‎3．route n. 路线；路途 ‎4．cycle vi. 骑自行车 ‎5．stubborn adj.[纵联1] 顽固的；固执的 ‎6．forecast n．&vt.[纵联2] 预测；预报 ‎7．parcel n. 小包；包裹 ‎8．source n. 来源；水源 ‎9．valley n. (山)谷；流域 ‎10．pace vi. 缓慢而行；踱步 n. 一步；速度；步调 ‎11．insurance n. 保险 ‎12．wool n. 羊毛；毛织品 ‎13．flame n. 火焰；光芒；热情 ‎14．beneath prep. 在……下面 ‎15．temple n. 庙宇；寺庙 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．transport n. 运送；运输 vt. 运输；运送 ‎2．flow vi. 流动；流出 n. 流动；流量 ‎3．persuade vt.[纵联3] 说服；劝说 ‎4．finally adv. [纵联4] 最后；终于 ‎5．schedule n. 时间表；进度表 vt. 为某事安排时间 ‎6．shortcoming n. 缺点 ‎7．journey n. 旅行；旅程 ‎8．bend n. 弯；拐角 vt. 使弯曲 vi. 弯身；弯腰 ‎9．attitude n. 态度；看法 ‎10．detail n. 细节；详情 ‎11．view n. 风景；视野；观点；见解 vt. 观看；注视；考虑 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→preference n．偏爱；爱好 ‎2．disadvantage n．不利条件；不便之处→advantage n．有利条件；优势 ‎3．graduate vi.毕业 n．大学毕业生→graduation n．毕业 ‎4．organize vt.组织；成立→organizer n．组织者→organization n．组织 ‎5．determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心→determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→determination n．决心 ‎6．reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的→rely vi.依靠；依赖[纵联5]‎ ‎ ‎ 纵联1.多重“性格”集一身 ‎①stubborn固执的 ②introverted内向的 ‎③outgoing外向的 ④gentle温和的 ‎⑤sensible理智的 ⑥emotional感性的 ‎⑦outspoken坦率的 ⑧determined坚决的 纵联2.能预测未来的fore前缀 ‎①forecast n．& vt. 预测；预报 ‎②foresee v. 预见；预知 ‎③foretell v. 预言；预测 ‎④forehead n. 前额 ‎⑤foremost adj. 最先的；首要的 纵联3.如何“劝说”某人做某事 ‎①persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 ‎②advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 ‎③urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事 ‎④argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 ‎⑤talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 纵联4.“最终；终于”在一起 ‎①finally adv. 最后；终于 ‎②eventually adv. 最后；终于 ‎③at last 最终；终于 ‎④in the end 最后；终于 ‎⑤at length 最后；终于；详尽地 纵联5.以able结尾的形容词集锦 ‎①reliable可信赖的；可靠的 ②adjustable可调节的 ‎③fashionable时尚的；时髦的 ④reasonable合理的 ‎⑤adaptable能适应的 ⑥calculable能计算的 ‎⑦comfortable舒适的 ‎ ‎ 单元话题——旅游 子话题1　旅游行程准备 ‎①accommodation n. 住宿；膳宿 ‎②arrangement n. 安排；布置 ‎③agency n. 代理机构 ‎④baggage n. 行李 ‎⑤luggage n. (总称)行李 ‎⑥travel brochure 旅行指南 子话题2　旅游住宿 ‎①reception n．接待 ②check in报到；登记 ‎③check out查明；结账 ④book a room预订房间 子话题3　旅游景点 ‎①destination n．目的地 ②fountain n．喷泉 ‎③monument n．纪念碑 ④a summer resort避暑胜地 ‎⑤a mustsee place必游之地 ⑥a dream trip梦想之旅 子话题4　旅游感受 ‎①attractive adj.　　　 迷人的；有吸引力的 ‎②comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的 ‎③cultural adj. 文化的 ‎④fantastic adj. (口语)极好的；美妙的；很棒的 ‎⑤historical adj. 历史的 ‎⑥unforgettable adj. 难以忘怀的；令人难忘的 ‎[学考对接•活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2016•全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness❶， uneasiness, or worry. Silence may __❷__ (view) by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元的同根形容词：stubborn，意为固执的 ‎②用view的适当形式填空：be_viewed；此处的view ...as意为被视为 ‎2．(2017•北京高考完形填空)Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to spread her message of hope and awareness.She started the Ladybug Foundation，an __❶__ (organize) aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to host “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to __❷__ local business leaders to contribute to the cause. ‎ ‎①用organize的正确形式填空：organization ‎②选词填空：__A__‎ A．persuade　　　B．lead　　　C．keep ‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2015•全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) 所以我和我的同学决定为他们组织一些精彩的歌舞表演，这将持续大约1个小时。(determine, organize)‎ So_my_classmates_and_I_have_determined_to_organize_some_wonderful_singing_and_dancing_performances_for_them,_which_will_last_about_one_hour.‎ ‎2．(2015•浙江高考书面表达)我的大多数同学想去公园，而我有一个想去一个更好的地方的想法。最后，我设法说服了我的同学接纳了我的想法。(finally, persuade)‎ Most_of_my_classmates_wanted_to_go_to_a_park_while_I_had_an_ide a_of_going_to_a_nicer_place._Finally,_I_managed_to_persuade_my_classmates_into_accepting_my_idea.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)‎ ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)prefer to do/doing sth. 　 更喜欢做某事 prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢某物而不喜欢某物 prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 (2)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.would do sth. rather than do sth.would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 ‎[练通]　一句多译 毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评。‎ ‎①After all, all kids prefer_to_be_praised_rather_than_be_scolded.(prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)‎ ‎②After all, all kids prefer_being_praised_to_being_scolded.(prefer doing sth. to doing sth.)‎ ‎③After all, all kids would_be_praised_rather_than_be_scolded.(would do sth. rather than do sth.)‎ ‎④After all, all kids would_rather_be_praised_than_be_scolded.(would rather do sth. than do sth.)‎ ‎[用准]　(1)prefer不用于进行时；(2)prefer相当于like better，所以prefer不可与比较级连用。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑤我喜欢小班，而不喜欢有太多学生的大班。‎ I_prefer_a_small_class_to_a large one with too many students.‎ ‎2．persuade vt.说服；劝说；使相信 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[练通]‎ 选词填空(persuade, advise)‎ Though I had ①advised her for many times, I couldn’t ②persuade her to go abroad with me because her life experience had ③persuaded her that she could not live on without her parents.‎ 句型转换 ‎④I am trying to persuade him to give up the attempt.‎ ‎→I am trying to persuade_him_into_giving_up the attempt.‎ ‎⑤Can we persuade her out of carrying out the foolish plan?‎ ‎→Can we_persuade_her_not_to_carry_out the foolish plan?‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑥在被说服改变态度之后，我终于找到了正确的方法来改掉粗心大意，也获得了信心。‎ Having_been_persuaded_to_change_my_attitude,_I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well.‎ ‎3．determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)determine＋从句　　　　　　 决定……‎ determine to do sth. 决定做某事(强调动作)‎ determine on/upon (doing) sth. 就(做)某事做出决定 ‎(2)determined adj. 有决心的；坚决的 be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(强调状态)‎ ‎(3)determination n. 决心 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She determined to_work_ (work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.‎ ‎②I have determined_on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.‎ 句式升级 ‎③(2017•天津高考书面表达)I’m determined to perform well in the final exam, so I’m occupied in preparing for it.‎ ‎→Determined_to_perform_well in the final exam, I’m occupied in preparing for it.(用分词作状语)‎ ‎[用准]　高考中常把determined to do sth.作状语的用法作为考查点，有类似用法的还有lost in, caught in, absorbed in等。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎④(2015•福建高考书面表达)决心努力学习，他在墙上挖了洞从邻居家 ‎“偷”光为的是晚上读书。‎ Determined_to_study_hard,_he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.‎ ‎4．view n．风景；视野；观点；见解vt.观看；注视；考虑 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中view的含义 ‎①I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.风景 ‎②In this lecture, I can only give you a purely personal view of how we can live life to the full.观点；见解 ‎③When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view.视野 ‎④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)come into view　　　　　　 看得见；进入视野 have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览 ‎(2)in one’s view＝from one’s point of view在某人看来 ‎(3)view ... as ... 把……看作……‎ ‎[练通] 　单句语法填空 ‎⑤The Internet is viewed by many people as a revolutionary education tool.‎ ‎⑥I doubted if the picnickers could have a good view of the sunset they had come that far to see.‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑦(2017•北京高考书面表达)在我看来，我更喜欢长江之旅，长江是中国最长的河流，也是孕育中国文明的河流之一。‎ In_my_view/From_my_point_of_view,_I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River, the longest river in China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．One major disadvantage (不利条件) of the area is the lack of public transport.‎ ‎2．We have an excellent retirement plan and medical insurance (保险) as well.‎ ‎3．You are her close friend.And only you can persuade (说服) her not to spend too much money on clothes.‎ ‎4．The supplies were transported (运输) to the local people immediately the earthquake happened.‎ ‎5．Attention, please! The party is scheduled (安排) at 7：00 pm next Monday.‎ ‎6．He is a stubborn (固执的) boy who won’t obey his mother.‎ ‎7．In spite of all her shortcomings (缺点) I still think she is one of the best teachers in the school.‎ ‎8．People’s attitudes (态度) towards the matter are different.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．They talked about it for hours. Finally (final), they decided not to go.‎ ‎2．The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are_persuaded (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.‎ ‎3．John is very reliable (rely) — if he promises to do something he will do it.‎ ‎4．Many boys and girls go to college after their graduation (graduate) from high school.‎ ‎5．It was your bad attitude towards/to your work that made your parents upset.‎ ‎6．He has overcome his difficulties with courage and determination (determine)．‎ ‎7．When the car was first built, the design was_viewed (view) as highly original.‎ ‎8．The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization (organize)．‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎ ‎1．Those climbers struggled against the strong wind and final reached the top of the mountain.final→finally ‎2．In my views, there is no need to care too much about your clothes.views→view ‎3．I’m so sorry that I failed to finish repairing your car in schedule.in→on ‎4．If you don’t speak good English, you’ll be at big disadvantage when you try to get a job.big前加a ‎5．My daughter will graduate in college next week and she is now busy finding a job.in→from ‎6．The scientist prefers going to work on foot every day to drive his car.drive→driving Ⅳ.一句多译/句式升级 ‎1．我们说服了他不要把钱借给那个不值得信任的人。‎ ‎①We persuaded_him_not_to_lend_his money to that untrustworthy man. (persuade sb. not to do sth.)‎ ‎②We persuaded_him_out_of_lending his money to that untrustworthy man. (persuade sb. out of doing sth.)‎ ‎2．孩子们宁愿骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。‎ ‎①The children preferred cycling_to_the_countryside to staying indoors all the day.‎ ‎②The children preferred to_cycle_to_the_countryside rather than stay indoors all the day.‎ ‎③The children would rather cycle_to_the_countryside than stay indoors all the day.‎ ‎④The children would cycle_to_the_countryside_rather than stay indoors all the day.‎ ‎3．He is determined to get ahead of others in studies, so he works day and ‎ night.‎ ‎→Determined_to_get_ahead_of_others_in_studies,_he works day and night. (分词作状语)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎ ‎ ‎1．ever_since　　　　　　　　　　 自从；自……以后 ‎2．be_fond_of [串记1] 喜爱；喜欢 ‎3．care_about 关心；忧虑；惦念 ‎4．change_one’s_mind 改变主意 ‎5．make_up_one’s_mind_ 下决心；决定 ‎6．give_in_ 投降；屈服；让步 ‎7．as_usual 照常 ‎8．at_midnight 在午夜 ‎9．put_up 张贴；搭建 ‎10．get_sb._interested_in 使某人对……感兴趣 ‎11．dream_about/of 梦想 ‎12．feel_like [串记2] 想要；感觉像 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“be＋adj.＋of”短语归纳 ‎①be fond of 喜欢；喜爱 ‎②be tired of 对……厌倦 ‎③be afraid of 害怕……‎ ‎④be aware of 意识到；知道 ‎⑤be proud of 为……自豪 串记2.like相关短语聚会 ‎①feel like 想要 ‎②more like 差不多，更接近 ‎③something like 大约；有点像 ‎④nothing like 一点也不像 ‎⑤look like 看起来像 ‎ ‎ ‎1．take a great bike trip　　 　　　 作一次伟大的自行车旅行 ‎2．plan a schedule for the trip 制订旅行日程表 ‎3．an interesting experience 一次有趣的经历 ‎4．graduate from 从……毕业 ‎5．be dressed in 穿着 ‎6．change ...for ... 把……换成……‎ ‎7．can hardly wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要做某事 ‎8．stay awake 保持清醒 ‎ ‎ ‎1．It_was_my_sister_who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.‎ 首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。‎ ‎2．Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted_that_she_organize the trip properly.‎ 尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。‎ ‎3．When I told her the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。‎ ‎4．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no_matter_how_hard_it_is.‎ 一个意志力坚定的人总是努力完成工作，不管它有多么艰难。‎ ‎5．Our legs were so_heavy_and_cold_that they felt like blocks of ice.‎ 我们的腿又沉又冷以至于摸起来像冰块一样。‎ ‎[学考对接•活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2015•湖北高考完形填空)The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers as_usual (照常；像往常一样)．‎ ‎2．(2013•山东高考完形填空)I think I am a much better person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not forget these experiences. They have taught me to care_about (关心) other people more than about myself.‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式 ‎(词汇升级/补全句子)‎ ‎1. (2015•陕西高考书面表达)I’m very strong and healthy and I like (＝am_fond_of ) dancing and singing.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)‎ ‎2．(2014•山东高考写作)Thinking of my dream that I would become a teacher in the future, I decided (＝made_up_my_mind) to take the exam again.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)‎ ‎3．(2014•安徽高考书面表达)塑造我们生活的不是我们偶尔遇到的困难，而是我们面对困难的态度。(强调句型)‎ It’s_not_what_difficulties_we_meet_once_in_a_while_that shapes our lives, but what attitudes we take to face them.‎ ‎4．(2016•天津高考书面表达)你们是如此的善良和体贴，无论你们在哪里，我们都希望和你们成为朋友。(so ... that ...; no matter)‎ You are so_kind_and_considerate_that we hope to be friends with you no_matter_where_you_are. ‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．care about关心；忧虑；惦念；在乎 ‎[记牢]‎ care for　　　　　　　　 喜欢；照料 take care 当心 take care of 照料；处理 with care 小心；慎重 ‎[练通]‎ 选词填空(care about, care for)‎ ‎①I don’t care_about the price, so long as the car is in good condition.‎ ‎②He was very grateful to the nurses who had cared_for him.‎ 单句改错 ‎③My grandpa was taken good care in the nursing home. Therefore, I sent a big bunch of flowers to the nurse as an expression of thanks.care后加of ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎ ‎④这段经历告诉我，除了在生活中目标高远，我们也应该关心每一件小事，因为它们使我们的成功成为可能。‎ This experience has taught me that, as well as aiming high in life, we_should_also_care_about_every_small_thing,_because they are what make our success possible.‎ ‎2．make up one’s mind下决心；决定 ‎[记牢]‎ change one’s mind　　　　　　 改变主意 bear/keep ... in mind 记住/牢记……‎ have ...in mind 考虑；打算 fix one’s mind on/upon 把注意力集中于……‎ read one’s mind 看出某人的心思 ‎[练通]‎ 单句改错 ‎①After graduation from college, they made up their mind to go and settle in the countryside.mind→minds ‎②Peter changed the mind after a phone call at the last minute. the→his 词汇升级 ‎③Always remember that your main task is to get your English improved.bear/keep_in_mind_ ‎ ‎[用准]　make up one’s mind中的名词mind有单复数的变化，根据one’s的单复数来确定mind的单复数。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎④(2015•湖南高考写作)同时，我下定决心更加努力学习而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在那些无用的事情上。‎ At the same time, I made_up_my_mind_to_study_harder_rather_than_waste_precious_time on those useless things.‎ ‎3．give in屈服；投降；让步；上交 ‎[记牢]‎ give in to　　　　　　　 向……让步 give away 分发；赠送；泄露 give off 发出(光、热、声音、气味等)‎ give out 分发；用完；耗尽 give up 放弃；停止 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The children were required to give in their examination papers immediately.‎ ‎②If plastic and rubber are burnt, they’ll give off poisonous gases.‎ 单句改错 ‎③The authorities have shown no signs of giving in the kidnappers’ demand.in后加to ‎[用准]　give in作“上交”讲时，为及物动词，其后可直接加宾语；作“让步；投降”讲时，为不及物动词，其后加介词to，再接宾语。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎④(2016•北京高考书面表达)那个周末，我们去了附近的一个社区并把它们捐赠给那里的人们。‎ That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave_them_away_to_the_people_there.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．insist that ... (should) do sth.“坚持主张……做某事”‎ ‎[教材原句]　Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she_insisted_that_she_organize the trip properly.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)He also insisted that they (should)_leave (leave) enough space for children.‎ ‎(2)On the contrary, the volunteers insist that they have_got (get) tired of ‎ the life on the earth.‎ ‎(3)The man insisted on finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 (1)insist that ...表示“坚持认为……；坚决要求……”‎ ‎(2)insist on (doing) sth.表示“坚持(做)某事”‎ 注意事项 insist that ... ‎ ‎(1)表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，后跟宾语从句用陈述语气；‎ ‎(2)表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”，后跟宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2017•天津高考书面表达)The teacher insisted that every minute (should) be made full use of to do the work well.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)In conclusion, so long as you insist on doing so, you will reap a harvest.(总结句)‎ ‎2．“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构 ‎[教材原句]　When I told her_the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)Today’s homework was_easy_to_do,_so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.‎ 今天的作业容易做，因此迈克很快完成作业然后出去玩耍了。‎ ‎(2)Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is_hard_to_get_along_with.‎ 尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 (1)句型：主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式 ‎(2)特点：不定式用主动形式表示被动意义 ‎(3)使用条件：使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；②常用形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。‎ 注意事项 在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2016•四川高考书面表达)Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite. The morning air is so good to breathe.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)Even though the problem was difficult to solve, I didn’t give up. Because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 care about， ever since， give in， make up one’s mind， feel like，‎ ‎ as usual， be fond of， put up ‎1．It is often the husband who gives_in first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.‎ ‎2．—I’m afraid that she won’t come to help me as she promised.‎ ‎—Don’t worry.Nothing will change her mind if she has made_up_her_mind.‎ ‎3．My grandfather is a warmhearted person, and he_is_fond_of giving advice to all my friends.‎ ‎4．I usually slept in on Sundays, but on this particular morning, I felt_like getting up early.‎ ‎5．While he was rescuing survivors in the ruins, little did he care_about his safety.‎ ‎6．Despite her problems, she carried on working as_usual.‎ ‎7．The exam results will_be_put_up on Friday afternoon.‎ ‎8．Ever_since then, the couple have tried their best to help the disabled.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．中国历来主张国家不分大小，应该一律平等。(insist that)‎ China has always insisted_that_all_countries,_big_or_small,_(should)_be_equal.‎ ‎2．这台机器很容易操作。任何人都可以在几分钟内学会使用它。(主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式)‎ This_machine_is_very_easy_to_operate. Anybody can learn to use it in a ‎ few minutes. ‎ ‎3．通过建立家庭博客，无论在哪里我们都能便利地分享我们的经历。 (no matter)‎ By setting up a family blog, we can conveniently share our experiences no_matter_where_we_are.‎ ‎4．大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客前来观光旅游。(so ...that)‎ Dalian is so_attractive_a_place_that lots of tourists visit the city every year. ‎ ‎5．是我姐姐在我处境困难的时候帮助了我。(强调句型)‎ ‎_It_was_my_sister_who/that gave me a hand when I was in trouble. ‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是李华，想邀请你校留学生Jack和全班同学周六一起去Green Village感受美丽乡村。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1．乡村介绍；‎ ‎2．活动安排；‎ ‎3．往返时间、方式。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 ‎1．审题：①文体：邀请信　②人称：主要是第一人称 ‎③时态：主要是一般现在时和一般将来时 ‎2．拟点：通过审题，根据题目和内容要求可以从以下三个方面来写作。‎ ‎①开头：自我介绍并点明写邮件的目的。(邀请对方参观)‎ ‎②主体：具体介绍乡村和参观活动的安排。(乡村的景色；村民友好；参观博物馆)‎ ‎③结尾：往返时间、方式。‎ 要点1：我是李华。我写信是想邀请你去Green Village游览。‎ I’m_Li_Hua._I’m_writing_to_invite_you_to_visit_Green_Village.‎ 要点2－①：Green Village被绿色的田野和茂密的森林所包围。‎ Green_Village_is_surrounded_by_green_fields_and_thick_forests.‎ 要点2－②：村民们很友好。‎ The_villagers_are_friendly.‎ 要点2－③：我们将花两个小时参观当地的博物馆。(explore)‎ We’re_going_to_spend_two_hours_exploring_the_local_museum.‎ 要点3：我们计划在本周六上午九点乘公共汽车去那儿，下午返回。‎ We_will_go_there_by_bus_at_9_a．m._this_Saturday_and_we_will_come_back_in_the_afternoon.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使行文连贯、满足词数要求，我们需要补充一些要点和添加细节。例如：‎ ‎1．要点1可添加同位语“这是本地区一个迷人的村庄”；‎ ‎2．要点2－①可添加对Green Village 的具体介绍(距离市中心的距离)；‎ ‎3．要点2－②可添加村民们友好的表现(热情好客)；‎ ‎4．要点2－③可添加参观当地博物馆的目的(了解村庄历史)；‎ ‎5．要点3可添加细节，说明具体的集合地点。‎ ‎6．结尾可增加“如果你愿意参加，请给我发邮件”作结束语。‎ 拓展要点1：我是李华。我写信是想邀请你去Green Village游览，这是本地区一个迷人的村庄。 (同位语， charming)‎ I’m_Li_Hua.I’m_writing_to_invite_you_to_visit_Green_Village,_a_charming_village_in_this_area.‎ 拓展要点2－①：距离市中心大约5英里，Green Village被绿色的田野和茂密的森林所包围。‎ About_five_miles_from_downtown,_Green_Village_is_surrounded_by_green_fields_and_thick_forests.‎ 拓展要点2－②：村民们很友好，他们总是热情地欢迎游客。(并列句， enthusiastic)‎ The_villagers_are_friendly_and_they_always_give_visitors_an_enthusiastic_welcome.‎ 拓展要点2－③：我们将花两个小时参观当地的博物馆，这将是一个了解这个村庄悠久历史的机会。 (定语从句)‎ We’re_going_to_spend_two_hours_exploring_the_local_museum,_which_will_be_an_opportunity_to_learn_about_the_long_history_of_the_village.‎ 拓展要点3‎ ‎：我们计划在本周六上午九点在校门口集合，然后乘公共汽车去那儿。我们将会在下午返回。(并列谓语动词)‎ We_plan_to_meet_at_the_school_gate_at_9_a．m.this_Saturday_and_then_go_there_by_bus.We_will_come_back_in_the_afternoon.‎ 增加结束语：如果你愿意参加，请给我发邮件。‎ If_you’d_like_to_join,_please_email_me_soon.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 本写作可采用总分式结构组织全文。可用过渡句“Here’s a look at it”引出下文对乡村和本次活动安排的介绍；用“After that, we shall travel through the village by ourselves”充实活动安排，避免内容空洞。然后根据要点间的逻辑关系连句成文。‎ Dear_Jack，‎ I’m_Li_Hua.I’m_writing_to_invite_you_to_visit_Green_Village,_a_charming_village_in_this_area.Here’s_a_look_at_it.‎ About_five_miles_from_downtown,_Green_Village_is_surrounded_by_green_fields_and_thick_forests.The_villagers_are_friendly_and_they_always_give_visitors_an_enthusiastic_welcome.We’re_going_to_spend_two_hours_exploring_the_local_museum,_which_will_be_an_opportunity_to_learn_about_the_long_history_of_the_village.After_that,_we_shall_travel_through_the_village_by_ourselves.‎ We_plan_to_meet_at_the_school_gate_at_9_a．m.this_Saturday_and_then_go_there_by_bus.We_will_come_back_in_the_afternoon.If_you’d_like_to_join,_please_email_me_soon.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua ‎ ‎ 理清文体结构之(三)　应用文之人物介绍——抓主题析人物特征，比对定答案 不同的几个人物，依靠某一个特定的主题放置在一起，考查考生读文的各种技巧，这是高考语篇中人物介绍类应用文的命题特点。此类文章的破解关键在于：首先要抓住把几位人物链接在一起的纽带，即文章主题；其次要抓住每个人物自身的特点；然后迅速浏览题干，依据题干中的关键词到文中寻找与之相关的“信息区间”，比对即可得出答案。‎ ‎[高考典例]　2016•全国卷Ⅰ•A篇 ‎[抓文章主题，析不同人物特征] [读文解题技法]‎ 首段点明主题 ‎　人物1　◄‎ 职业 ‎　‎ ‎　 　‎ ‎ 　 ‎ ‎　　成就 人物2　◄‎ 成就　　‎ ‎　‎ ‎　 　‎ 人物3　◄‎ ‎　‎ 事件 成就 人物4　◄‎ 事件 成就 ‎　 　 You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years？‎ Jane Addams (18601935)‎ Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.‎ Rachel Carson (19071964)‎ If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.‎ Sandra Day O’Connor (1930present)‎ When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U．S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.‎ Rosa Parks (19132005)‎ On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civilrights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in，” said Parks. 1.读首段，明主题 通读第一段，可知本文主题应是介绍几位优秀女性。‎ ‎2.关注不同人物特征 从下面4位人物介绍中知晓发生在她们身上的事及她们取得的成就。‎ ‎3.题文比对得出答案 抓住题干中的关键词，然后到文中寻找相应人物的特征，比对即可得出答案。‎ ‎[由不同人物特征，定位比对归纳出答案]‎ ‎21．What is noted for in history?‎ A．Her social work.‎ B．Her teaching skills.‎ C．Her efforts to win a prize.‎ D．Her community background.‎ ‎22．What was the reason for being rejected by the law firm?‎ A．Her lack of proper training in law.‎ B．Her little work experience in court.‎ C．The discrimination against women.‎ D．The poor financial conditions.‎ ‎23．Who made a great contribution to in the U．S.?‎ A．Jane Addams.　　　　　 　B．Rachel Carson.‎ C．Sandra Day O’Connor. D．Rosa Parks.‎ ‎24．What can we infer about in the text?‎ A．They are highly educated. B．They are truly creative.‎ C．They are pioneers. D．They are peacelovers.‎ ‎[答案]　21.A　22.C　23.D　24.C ‎21．题中人物――→定位比对　文中人物1的“职业”及“成就”，得出答案 ‎22．题中人物――→定位比对文中人物3的“事件”，得出答案 ‎23．题中事件――→定位比对文中人物4的“成就”，得出答案 ‎24．总结特征――→抓文章主题得出4位人物的共性 ‎[课下语篇提能练]　　 ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Planning out your summer？Use this guide to find activities around Seattle, May through August.For more summer fun, check out our website www.projects.seattletimes.com.‎ ‎①Space Race Exhibit Opening day of new exhibit of things from flights to the moon in the ‎ 1960s on display, including moon rocks, space clothes, the first Apollo spacecraft and the historic Apollo 12 engines that were lost at the bottom of the sea for 43 years until they were recovered by Seattlebased Bezos Expeditions in 2013, 10 a．m.－5 p．m.‎ Call for info: 2067645720‎ Location: The Museum of Flight, Seattle Date: May 20‎ ‎②West Seattle Bee Festival Sustainable (可持续的) gardening practices and other ways to help bees; vendors (摊贩) and organizations who focus on sustainability and/or help support bees, kids’ activities, music, food vendors, 10 a．m.－3 p．m.‎ Call for info: 2065337848‎ Location: High Point Commons Park, Seattle Date: June 25‎ ‎③TouchaTruck Children of all ages explore construction trucks, emergency cars, vintage (老式的) trucks; professionals explain the equipment and the work each performs, 10 a．m.－1 p．m.; hornsfree (无喇叭音的) hour for children with sensitive ears, 9 a．m.－10 a．m.; hosted by Junior League of Seattle Call for info: 2067082236‎ Location: Magnuson Park, Seattle Date: July 21‎ ‎④Kirkland Uncorked Wine festival with wine tasting, food, live music in the Tasting Garden, $20－$25; street fair for all ages with Uncorked Market, 5 p．m.－10 p．m. August 14; noon－10 p．m. August 15; noon－6 p．m. August 16 ‎ Call for info: 2065482500‎ Location: Marina Park, Kirkland Date: August 14－16‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了夏季去西雅图及周边旅行可以参加的四个活动。‎ ‎1．Where can space exploration lovers go?‎ A．Marina Park.‎ B．Magnuson Park.‎ C．The Museum of Flight.‎ D．High Point Commons Park.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据①Space Race Exhibit部分中的第一段及“Location: The Museum of Flight, Seattle”可知，太空探索爱好者可去The Museum of Flight。‎ ‎2．What is special about TouchaTruck?‎ A．It attracts people of all ages.‎ B．It encourages environmental protection.‎ C．It gives participants handson experience.‎ D．It cares about children with special needs.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据③TouchaTruck部分中的“hornsfree (无喇叭音的) hour for children with sensitive ears”可知，TouchaTruck为有特殊需求的孩子设置了相关活动，体现了对他们的关爱。‎ ‎3．What do events ② and ④ have in common?‎ A．People can enjoy food and music.‎ B．They are based in the same place.‎ C．People pay nothing for them.‎ D．They teach gardening skills.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据②West Seattle Bee Festival部分中的“kids’ activities, music, food vendors”及④Kirkland Uncorked部分中的“Wine festival with wine tasting, food, live music”可知，这两项活动都有音乐和美食。‎ B I have learned something about myself since I moved from Long Island to Florida three years ago.Even though I own a home in Port St.Lucie just minutes from the ocean, every winter an uncontrollable urge (冲动) wells up to fly back to Long Island even as others make their way south.I guess I am a snowbird stuck in reverse (反向)．‎ Dulled by Florida’s mild winters, I willingly suffer the cold weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 65 years.I’m like a bird that has lost its sense of timing and direction, my wings moving against reason.‎ So what makes me fly against the habits of snowbirds？The answer has a ‎ lot to do with my unwillingness to give up the things that define (给……下定义) who I am.Once I hear that the temperature on Long Island has fallen into the range of 40 to 50 degrees F, I begin to long for the sight and sound of a wood fire.I also long for the display of colors — first in the fall trees, and then in the lights around homes and at Rockefeller Center.Floridians decorate, too, but can’t create the special feel of a New England winter.Moreover, when I return I can celebrate the holidays with people I haven’t seen in months.What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Thanksgiving turkey dinner, or watching neighbors’ children excitedly open gifts on Christmas？Even the first snowfall seems special.‎ While these simple pleasures are not unique to Long Island, they are some of the reasons I come back.Who says you can’t go home？I know I will be ordering a ticket this very night and cured of homesick (思乡病) tomorrow.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中阐述了自己虽在外有舒适便利的生活，但每到冬季却思乡愈切，最终选择归乡生活。‎ ‎4．What does the author think of his life in Florida?‎ A．Exciting.　　　　　　　 　B．Relaxing.‎ C．Painful. D．Boring.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Even though I own a home ... others make their way south.”及第二段中的“Dulled by Florida’s ‎ mild winters”可知，作者觉得自己在佛罗里达州的生活很无趣。‎ ‎5．Why does the author compare himself to a snowbird stuck in reverse?‎ A．He has lost his sense of direction.‎ B．He’d rather go north in winter.‎ C．He hates traveling by plane.‎ D．He likes snow very much.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“every winter an uncontrollable ... others make their way south”及第二段中的“I willingly suffer the cold weather ... my wings moving against reason”可知，他人在寒冷的冬季都会去温暖的南方过冬，作者却像一只失去了时间感和方向感的雪鸟，反向行之，宁愿去北方过冬。‎ ‎6．The author uses Paragraph 3 to ________.‎ A．describe his hometown’s fall scenes B．show how he loves family gatherings C．explain why he wants to return to his hometown D．compare the difference between Florida and Long Island 解析：选C　细节理解题。第三段的首句“So what makes me fly against the habits of snowbirds？”为该段的主题句，作者在本段中阐释了他宁愿归乡生活的原因。‎ ‎7．What is the author going to do tonight?‎ A．Book a flight. B．Go to the doctor’s.‎ C．Eat with his family. D．Check into a hotel.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I know I will be ordering a ticket this very night and cured of homesick (思乡病) tomorrow”可知，作者今晚会订购回家乡的机票。‎ C Three experimental fields of seawater rice were harvested in China on Wednesday, a further step toward its future practical use. Also known as salinealkali tolerant rice (耐盐碱水稻), the seawater rice is designed to grow in seaside flats or other areas with high salt content and has been developed by experts through crossbreeding (杂交) and other technologies.‎ One type of seawater rice growing in Qingdao’s Chengyang district, Shandong Province, produced 3.9 metric tons (公吨) per hectare (公顷), experts announced. Once widely planted in large areas, the output could be much higher.‎ The Qingdao SalineAlkali Tolerant Rice Research and Development Center, led by renowned Chinese agricultural scientist Yuan Longping, was established several years ago. It set itself a threeyear target of developing a kind of saltresistant rice capable of producing 4.5 tons a hectare, which would guarantee growers the minimum acceptable level of profit. The average rice output in China is 6.75 tons a hectare.‎ Planting in the experimental field in Chengyang district and five other plots of salinealkali land started at the end of May. The five other plots ‎ were in Dongying, Shandong Province; Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province; Yan’an, Shaanxi Province; Kashgar, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; and Daqing, Heilongjiang Province. The sites represent actually every type of salinealkali land in China and researchers aim to grow different kinds of rice able to cope with different climate, salinity and soil structure conditions. ‎ The test crops in Kashgar and Daqing were also harvested on Wednesday. In Kashgar, the output reached more than 7.5 tons per hectare, according to experts’ tests, much higher than expected. The harvest in Kashgar was satisfactory. The result means it is possible to plant such saltresistant rice in southern Xinjiang in the future. Xinjiang has about 2 million hectares of salinealkali land that have the potential to be planted with saltresistant rice, and if it is widely planted it will generally improve rice production in the region.‎ The seawater rice grown in Daqing only produced 3.1 tons per hectare. A live video on Shandong TV showed growers appearing a little disappointed by the result, as they hoped the experts’ efforts would increase production greatly. The water and soil conditions of the site were not ideal, and the pH level was extremely high.‎ 语篇解读：2018年7月，青岛海水稻研发中心传来喜讯，袁隆平试种的包括“海水稻”在内的80多个水稻品种分批成熟。“海水稻”研究 在国内外都有很长的一段历史，袁隆平领导的海水稻项目使中国技术处于海水稻研究的前列。‎ ‎8．Which is the main feature of seawater rice according to the text?‎ A．It has a shorter growing period.‎ B．It is a kind of highly productive crop.‎ C．It can grow in the soil with high salt content.‎ D．it is the combination of many technologies.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the seawater rice is designed to grow in seaside flats or other areas with high salt content”可知，海水稻最大的优势是可以种植在含盐量高的土壤里 。‎ ‎9．How much rice does a farmer harvest at least to meet the cost?‎ A．3.9 tons a hectare. B．4.5 tons a hectare.‎ C．6.75 tons a hectare. D．7.5 tons a hectare.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“which would guarantee growers the minimum acceptable level of profit”可知，每公顷4.5吨的产量对种植者来说是最低的收益保障。‎ ‎10．The researchers chose the experimental fields according to ________.‎ A．the distance between them B．the type of the soil and climate C．the local governments’ support D．the local agricultural conditions 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，研究人员选择 试验田的依据是气候、土壤的盐度和土壤结构。‎ ‎11．What can we infer about the seawater rice from the last paragraph?‎ A．The seawater rice is not fit for all kinds of salinealkali soils.‎ B．It is impossible for the seawater rice to have a good harvest.‎ C．Growers from Shandong Province were a little disappointed by the result.‎ D．The output of the seawater rice grown in Daqing is the lowest.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，海水稻并非适合所有的土壤。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Sometimes it can be difficult to relate to the generations that have come before us.__1__ But older people have plenty of wisdom and knowledge to share with younger generations, and treating them with respect should be second nature for all of us.‎ Call people sir or ma’am. Even if you’ve grown up in a more casual environment where you usually call your friends’ parents by their first names, you shouldn’t assume that all older people are comfortable with that kind of informal title.__2__ They prefer you call them Mr./Mrs. That’s why it’s always best to ask what name they prefer and use sir or ma’am when you don’t feel comfortable asking.‎ ‎__3__ While it’s true that many elderly people have health problems that may require special assistance, aging doesn’t affect all people in the same ‎ way.Assuming that an older person has poor eyesight or hearing can be extremely embarrassing and make him or her feel selfconscious.That’s especially true if you make a big deal out of it, such as raising your voice every time you speak to him or her.If you’re unsure whether an older person has such problems, just ask.__4__‎ Show interest in their lives. It’s easy to think that older people don’t have much going on because they don’t do many of the things that they used to when they were younger.__5__ When you visit or call your elderly loved ones, make sure to ask about their favorite activities.If they have a hobby that they particularly enjoy, you might even offer to do it with them.That’s a great way to show them just how interested you are in what’s important to them.‎ A．Do offer them necessary help.‎ B．Don’t assume they have disabilities.‎ C．However, many elderly people are still active.‎ D．Some elderly people may be more traditional.‎ E．We ourselves will be old some day in the future.‎ F．It’s better to be straightforward than to risk annoying someone.‎ G．Growing up differently makes us feel we have nothing in common with them.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了尊重长辈方面需要注意的一些事项。‎ ‎1．选G　G项所述“成长环境不同让我们觉得自己与他们没有任何相似之处”与“Sometimes it can be difficult to relate to the generations that have come before us.” 有意义上的递进关系。‎ ‎2．选D　设空前一句中的informal与D项中的traditional构成反义；设空后一句中的They指代D项中的Some elderly people。‎ ‎3．选B　设空处为段落小标题。根据本段的内容介绍，尤其是poor eyesight or hearing等关键词可知，B项“不要假设他们身患残疾”符合语境。‎ ‎4．选F　设空处与前一句“If you’re unsure whether an older person has such problems, just ask.”之间暗含了因果关系。F项所述“直截了当总好过冒险惹人生气”符合语境。‎ ‎5．选C　设空前一句“It’s easy to think that older people don’t have much going on because they don’t do many of the things that they used to when they were younger.”的大意是：我们常不假思索就认为老年人的生活很单调，因为他们不再像过去年轻时做那么多事情。再结合空后的内容可知，空处与上文为转折关系，故C项“然而，许多老年人依旧很活跃”符合语境。‎