通用版2021高考英语一轮复习考点四名词和主谓一致练习含解析

通用版2021高考英语一轮复习考点四名词和主谓一致练习含解析

考点四　名词和主谓一致 限时25分钟 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．Barber shops have been opened in most big hotels in foreign countries, guests can go to the ________ (barber) to have a haircut directly. ‎ 答案：barber's　句意：国外大部分大的酒店都有理发店，客人可以直接去那里理发。the barber's 指“理发店”，故填barber's。‎ ‎2．The Smiths ________ (have) their breakfast when the morning post came. ‎ 答案：were having　在表示姓氏的专有名词词尾加s，前面加the，表示一家人，当这种形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数。根据语境，此处表示正在吃早餐，故填were having。‎ ‎3．In recent years, Chinese arts have won the ________ (appreciate) of a lot of people outside China.‎ 答案：appreciation　句意：近年来，中国艺术赢得了许多国外人士的欣赏。根据前面的the可知，后面使用名词appreciation，表示欣赏。‎ ‎4．It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ (be) to blame for the death of so many innocent people.‎ 答案：was　句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多无辜人的死亡负责。强调句型中强调的主语是“the natural disaster, rather than human errors”，谓语动词与主语保持一致。带有“rather than”的结构，谓语动词与前面的名词即the natural disaster保持一致，故填was。‎ ‎5．Either you or one of your family members ________ (be) to attend the school sports meeting tomorrow and cheer on your kids.‎ 答案：is　根据主语中的either ... or ... 可知，谓语动词采取“就近原则”，与“one of your family members”保持一致，故填is。‎ ‎6．Jane realized her ________ (ambitious) to become the first woman to run the 10,000 metres within 30 minutes.‎ 答案：ambition　句意：简实现了成为第一个30分钟内跑完一万米的女子的抱负。根据前面的形容词性物主代词可知，后面跟名词。ambition “野心，雄心”。这里是指实现愿望。‎ ‎7．Many young people plan to take ________ (turn) to host parties in the coming holiday. ‎ 答案：turns　句意：很多年轻人打算在即将到来的假期中轮流举行聚会。take turns to do sth.是固定短语，意为“轮流做某事”，故填turns。‎ - 15 -‎ ‎8．The teacher asks all the students to make ________ (prepare) for the English class. ‎ 答案：preparations　句意：老师要求所有的学生们为英语课做准备。make preparations for “为……做准备”，是固定短语，故填preparations。‎ ‎9．My friends and I ordered two teas and five ________ (coffee) when we had lunch. ‎ 答案：coffees　句意：我和朋友们吃午饭的时候，点了两杯茶和五杯咖啡。此处coffee和前面的tea的用法一样，是可数名词，表示几杯茶或者咖啡，故填coffees。‎ ‎10．We have to admit the fact that this experiment is a complete ________ (fail). ‎ 答案：failure　句意：我们不得不承认这次实验彻底失败了。根据空格前面的“a complete”可知，形容词修饰后面的名词，作定语，故填failure。‎ ‎11．The roofs of the rooms were covered with ________ (leaf)．‎ 答案：leaves　句意：房子的屋顶上被树叶覆盖了。以f或fe结尾的名词变复数有直接加s或变f或fe为v再加es的两种形式。常见的要去掉f或fe加ves的词有leaf, wife, life, knife, thief, half, self, shelf和wolf等。‎ ‎12．Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment ________ (be) not known. ‎ 答案：are　前面的主语由两个“疑问词＋不定式”构成，表示两个概念，谓语动词用复数。故填are。‎ ‎13．The knife and fork ________ (be) on the table. ‎ 答案：is　主语中and连接两个名词，表示一个整体概念，谓语动词用单数。故填is。‎ ‎14．So far, more than one answer ________ (give) to the question. ‎ 答案：has been given　本句中“more than one＋单数名词”作主语，意义表示“不止一个”，但是谓语动词用单数形式，且句中有时间状语so far提示，句子应用现在完成时。故填has been given。‎ ‎15．These deer ________ (be) small compared with other species of deer. ‎ 答案：are　deer单复数形式相同，但是此句中有these修饰，故填are。‎ ‎16．The teacher as well as the students who ________ fond of football, ________ playing together. (be)‎ 答案：are; is　句意：那位老师和喜欢足球的同学们正在一起踢足球。“who ________ fond of football”是定语从句，修饰the students，故第一空用复数形式的谓语动词。A as well as B作主语，谓语动词与A保持一致，故第二空用单数形式。‎ ‎17．My family ________ (be) wellknown in the region now.‎ - 15 -‎ 答案：is　句意：我的家现在在这个地区很有名气。本句中family强调整体，且有时间状语now，故填is。‎ ‎18．—Where did you two have your ________ (stomach) examined?‎ ‎—At our local hospital.‎ 答案：stomachs　句意：——你们两个在哪儿检查的胃？——在我们当地的一家医院。因为指的是两个人的胃，故用复数形式；又因为此单词中ch的发音为/k/，所以变为复数时要在后面加s。在英语中，以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词变为复数要在其后加es，但是stomach除外。‎ ‎19．The old couple are pleased with their three ________ (soninlaw)．‎ 答案：sonsinlaw　句意：这对老夫妇对他们的三个女婿很满意。合成名词单数变成复数时，有主体名词时把主体名词变成复数。例如：soninlaw→sonsinlaw, lookeron→lookerson, passerby→passersby。‎ ‎20．In our city, there are one million ________ (grownup)．‎ 答案：grownups　句意：在我们这座城市，有一百万成年人。grownup “成年人”，为可数名词，应用其复数形式。在英语中，合成词变为复数时，如果没有主体名词，通常将最后一个词变为复数，因此答案为grownups。‎ ‎21．Our local government awards 5,000 dollars to four ________ (woman) nurses and two ________ (man) doctors.‎ 答案：women; men　句意：我们当地政府把5,000美元奖给了四名女护士和两名男医生。由man或woman作为第一部分而构成的复合名词变复数时，将两个部分皆变为复数形式。‎ ‎22．Learning hard ________ (be) very important to us students now.‎ 答案：is　句意：现在努力学习对我们学生很重要。当主语为动名词/单个从句/to do不定式时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎23．In fact, the innovation is just one move in a huge project to improve Chinese teachers' housing ________ (condition) in recent years.‎ 答案：conditions　句意：事实上，这项变革只是最近几年提高中国教师住房条件的大项目中的一小步。根据句意可知，应用名词复数形式conditions。condition的复数形式表示“(居住、工作等的)环境，条件”。‎ ‎24．Water is valuable in the world but large amounts of water ________ (be) wasted.‎ 答案：are　句意：在世界上水是很宝贵的，但是许多水被浪费了。“amounts/quantities of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。‎ ‎25．A modern library is being built in our school so that we students will have ________ (accessible) to good books.‎ - 15 -‎ 答案：access　句意：我们学校正在建设一个现代化的图书馆，以便学生能够读到好书。access “接触的机会，使用权”；have access to固定词组，意为“可使用……；可获得……”，符合句意。故空格处填access。‎ ‎26．Each man and each woman in the neighboring villages ________ (have) a bad opinion of him, but he is spoken better of by the village leaders.‎ 答案：has　句意：邻近村庄的每个人都对他印象不好，但是村领导对他的评价较高。“every ... and every ...”，“each ... and each ...”等结构作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；且根据后面的is可知，句子应用一般现在时。故空格处应填has。‎ ‎27．—Is everyone here?‎ ‎—Not yet. Look, there ________ (come) a guest!‎ 答案：comes　空格处所在句子为倒装句，a guest作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式；此处叙述的是现在的事实，所以句子用一般现在时。故空格处应填comes。‎ ‎28．It's said that a singer and TV star ________ (be) coming to give us a wonderful performance next Saturday.‎ 答案：is　句意：据说一位歌唱家兼电视明星下星期六要来给我们做精彩的表演。and连接两个名词，但共用一个冠词指同一人或者同一事物时，句子的谓语动词要用单数。故答案为is。‎ ‎29．The head teacher, together with his students, ________ (be) planning to post the winning poems on the Campus Network.‎ 答案：is　主语后接由with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等构成的短语时，谓语动词的单复数和主语的单复数保持一致。故空格处应填is。‎ ‎30．The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ________ (be) saved for other purposes.‎ 答案：were　句意：这家工厂使用了65%的原材料，其余的节省下来以作他用。后半句中的the rest of which中的which指的是raw materials，所以谓语动词用复数；再结合主句中的时态可判断，正确答案为were。‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．“Thank you” mean you appreciate what someone has done for you, no matter how small it is. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：mean→means　本句中的主语是Thank you短语，表示单数意义，故谓语动词用单数，故将mean改为means。‎ ‎2．I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys was ‎ - 15 -‎ missing. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：shocking→shock　此处为“to one's＋抽象名词”结构，shocking是一个形容词，故将shocking改为shock。 ‎ ‎3．My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：honest→honesty　句意：我叔叔告诉我他成功的关键就是诚实。此处是指诚实是他成功的关键，应用名词形式。‎ ‎4．We were very happy to help each other and have lots of funs. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：funs→fun　fun是一个不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将funs改为fun。‎ ‎5．It is important to pay your electric bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：electric→electricity　句意：按时交电费很重要，因为交的迟会影响你的信用。此处应用名词作定语，表示所修饰词的特征、功能、内容等。electricity bill “电费”。‎ ‎6．In order to keep healthy, you have to refuse a variety of delicious snack and junk food. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：snack→snacks　snack是一个可数名词，根据前面的a variety of “大量的”可知，后用复数名词，故将snack改为snacks。‎ ‎7．I'm one of the students who works hard in English and have won several prizes in some English contests. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：works→work　定语从句的谓语动词与前面的先行词保持一致，即与the students保持一致，故改为复数形式。‎ ‎8．More than one worker have been sent to the training center to improve their working skills in the past three years.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：have→has　句意：在过去的三年中，不止一个工人被送到培训中心去提高他们的工作技能。more than one “不止一个”，从意义上讲它表示复数，但作主语时，谓语习惯用单数。‎ ‎9．A recent survey shows that the number of children who come from the countryside with their parents are nearly ‎320,000 in Beijing.‎ - 15 -‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：are→is　句意：最近的一项研究表明，在北京和父母一起从农村来的孩子的数量将近320,000。“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎10．The computer system crashed and I lost three hour's worth of work.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：hour's→hours'　句意：电脑系统瘫痪了，我三个小时做的工作都白费了。三个小时为复数概念，因此hour应用复数形式。以s结尾的名词复数的所有格形式直接加'即可。‎ ‎11．On the contrary, I think it is Truman, rather than you, that are to blame.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：are→is　当主语是介词with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, rather than, including等连接的两个名词或代词时，谓语动词应与第一个名词或代词的数保持一致。‎ ‎12．However, the grass under our foot is green enough.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：foot→feet　由修饰语our可知，foot应改为其复数形式，foot的复数形式为不规则变化，即feet。‎ ‎13．Mom has a fulltime job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：houseworks→housework　句意：妈妈有一份全职工作，但还是要做大部分的家务。housework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。‎ ‎14．In the last 25 years, the population of Singapore have doubled to more than five million.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：have→has　句意：在过去的25年里，新加坡的人口翻了一番，达到500多万人。此处的population为集合名词，是一个整体，故谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎15．Each student should make good preparation for the College Entrance Examination.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：preparation→preparations　preparation意为“准备工作，筹备工作”时，为可数名词；make preparations for ... “为……做准备”，固定搭配。‎ 名词 一、单数可数名词变为复数形式的规则 - 15 -‎ ‎1．规则变化 一般情况下，在词尾直接加s；以s, x, sh, ch(ch发音为[tʃ]时)结尾的在词尾加es；以辅音字母＋y结尾的，把y变成i，再加es；以f或fe结尾的多数变f或fe为v再加es。‎ ‎2．不规则变化 ‎(1)变内部元音 foot—feet 脚 man—men 男人 woman—women 女人 tooth—teeth 牙 goose—geese 鹅 gentleman—gentlemen 绅士 ‎(2)单复数同形的名词 sheep 绵羊 deer 鹿 Chinese 中国人 Japanese 日本人 Swiss 瑞士人 means 方法 series 系列 species 种类 works 工厂 head 头(量词)‎ ‎(3)常以复数形式出现的名词 clothes 衣服 glasses 眼镜 chopsticks 筷子 trousers 裤子 ‎ goods 商品；货物 contents 目录 sands 沙滩 woods树林 times时代 lines 台词 ‎ surroundings 环境 belongings 财产 earnings 收入 arms 武器 ‎ manners 礼貌 forces 军队 ‎(4)有两种复数形式的名词 people fish ‎(5)集体名词的数 ‎①只表示复数意义的集体名词 people 人，人们　　police 警察　　cattle 牛 ‎②侧重成员时表示复数意义，侧重整体时表示单数意义的集体名词 这类集体名词侧重于成员时，表示复数意义，不再变复数形式；侧重整体时表示单数意义，表示多个这样的集体时有复数变化形式。‎ class 班级 family 家庭 team 队 public 大众 army 军队 government 政府 - 15 -‎ 二、名词所有格 ‎1．'s所有格 表示人或其他有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's或'，表示所有关系。‎ my_sister's telephone number 我姐姐的电话号码 ‎(1)表示两者或多者各自的所有关系时，分别在每个名词的词尾加's或'；表示两者或多者共有时，在最后一个名词词尾加's或'。‎ ‎ Tom's_and_Jim's fathers 汤姆的父亲和吉姆的父亲 ‎ Tom_and_Jim's father 汤姆和吉姆的父亲 ‎(2)表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时，名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。‎ at the_barber's 在理发店 ‎ at my_uncle's 在我叔叔家 ‎2．of所有格 表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系；名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。‎ the window of_the_room 房间的窗户 ‎3．双重所有格 构成 名词＋of＋'s所有格/名词性物主代词 a friend of Jack's 杰克的一位朋友 some friends of mine 我的一些朋友 用法 表示部分概念，被修饰词前通常有限定词a(n), one, some, many等 Some friends of my sister's will join us in the game. 我妹妹的一些朋友将和我们一起做游戏。‎ 带's所有格的名词必须是明确限定的、指人的 a book of Mary's 玛丽的一本书 三、名词作定语 名词作定语往往是说明被修饰词的材料、用途、类别等，作定语的名词通常用单数。‎ gold chain 金链子 coffee cup 咖啡杯 mountain village 山村 winter holiday 寒假 限时25分钟 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019·双鸭山市第一中学高三月考)Neither you nor I nor anybody else ________ (know) anything about it now.‎ 答案：knows　根据前面的neither ... nor ... 结构，谓语动词采取就近原则，故与anybody else保持一致，且由now可知，此处描述现在的事实，故填knows。‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased ________ (pollute) in the country's - 15 -‎ ‎ major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.‎ 答案：pollution　“This switch has decreased”后面缺少宾语，应使用名词作宾语，故填pollution。‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.‎ 答案：scientist　此处介绍“我”的身份是一位科学家。因此应填scientist。‎ ‎4．(2018·浙江高考)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.‎ 答案：dishes　名词dish前面没有冠词，故用复数形式表类别，但主语为making Chinese dishes动名词短语，故后面的谓语动词是is。‎ ‎5．(2018·浙江高考)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ________ (weigh) problems.‎ 答案：weight　weight problems “体重问题”，需要把所给的动词变成名词weight，修饰后面的名词。‎ ‎6．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages ________ (be) close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left.‎ 答案：are　根据前面的主语“400 of the total of 6,800 languages”指6,800种语言中的400多种语言，意思是复数，故填are。‎ ‎7．(2018·江苏高考)When most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an awardwinning ________ (perform) in the theatre.‎ 答案：performance　根据前面的“an awardwinning”可知，此处需用名词，故填performance。‎ ‎8．(2018·北京高考)The coming technological advancement ________ (present) a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably.‎ 答案：presents　主语“The coming technological advancement”是单数，故谓语动词也用单数形式，填presents。‎ ‎9．(2018·天津高考)________ (curious) gave us all a natural awareness.‎ 答案：Curiosity　根据空格的位置和后面的谓语动词可知，此处缺少主语，故填Curiosity。‎ ‎10．(2018·天津高考)On top of that, most of the 3D food ________ (print) now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.‎ 答案：printers　根据“most of”可知，后面使用复数名词，故填printers。‎ - 15 -‎ ‎11．(2018·浙江高考)Among the bag makers' ________ (argue): many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.‎ 答案：arguments　“the bag makers'”是名词所有格，后面应接名词形式，且此处指复数概念，故填arguments。‎ ‎12．(2018·江苏高考)What starts as fun usage of apps ________ (turn) into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school.‎ 答案：turns　分析句子的结构可知，主语是一个由what引导的主语从句，故谓语动词使用单数形式。‎ ‎13．(2018·北京高考)The ________ (arrive) of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.‎ 答案：arrival　根据前面的定冠词the可知，后面使用名词形式，故填arrival。‎ ‎14．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Now all that was needed ________ (be) the parents, but they were absent.‎ 答案：were　句意：现在最需要的就是父母，但是父母都不在。因为表语为parents，并且要时态一致，因此答案为were。‎ ‎15．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Moran says one of the problems with Jazz today ________ (be) that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.‎ 答案：is　句意：莫兰说今天爵士乐其中的一个问题是音乐的娱乐性丢失。当“one of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎16．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)My entire family is hearing and so ________ (be) all my friends.‎ 答案：are　句意：我全家都有听觉，我所有的朋友也都有听觉。“so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”指前者的情况也适合于后者；主语为my friends，根据时态一致原则，答案是are。‎ ‎17．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fat and salt ________ (be) very important parts of a diet.‎ 答案：are　句意：脂肪和盐是饮食中的重要部分。主语为fat and salt，表示复数概念，谓语动词应用复数。‎ ‎18．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃点心) between ________ (meal) and will improve the taste of your food.‎ 答案：meals　句意：饭菜中充足的脂肪和盐会降低零食对你的诱惑，并且会改善食物的味道。这里指两餐之间，故用复数形式。‎ - 15 -‎ ‎19．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the ________ (instructor) orders.‎ 答案：instructor's　句意：上车之前，我原本认为我已经掌握了教练的指令。表所有关系，在名词后直接加's。‎ ‎20．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)________ (interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done.‎ 答案：Interruptions　句意：当你努力完成工作的时候，受到打扰是你要应对的最坏的事情之一。作主语，需要用interrupt的名词形式interruption，且由系动词are可知，要用其复数形式interruptions。‎ ‎21．(2019·中央民大附中月考)Email, as well as telephones, ________ (play) an important part in daily communication.‎ 答案：is playing/plays　句意：电子邮件，还有电话在日常生活中起着很重要的作用。主语后接由as well as构成的短语时，句子的谓语动词要和as well as前的主语的单复数和人称保持一致，答案为is playing。‎ ‎22．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)After years of heated debate, gray ________ (wolf) were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park.‎ 答案：wolves　句意：多年的激烈争论之后，灰狼重新被引进到了黄石国家公园。be动词用了were，因此应用wolf的复数形式。以f/fe结尾的名词应改f/fe为v，再加es。‎ ‎23．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)In fact, the key to easy morning wakeup ________ (lie) in resetting your body clock.‎ 答案：lies　句意：事实上，早晨轻松醒来的关键在于重新调整你的生物钟。句子的主语是the key，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。‎ ‎24．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.‎ 答案：invitations　句意：为了专注于学习，她拒绝了在许多节目中充当主演的邀请。several修饰可数名词的复数形式，因此填invitations。‎ ‎25．(2019·江苏高考)The musician along with his band members ________ (give) ten performances in the last three months.‎ 答案：has given　句意：这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去三个月里共演出了10场。根据时间状语in the last three months可知，句子用现在完成时；当主语后接along with构成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，故此处用has given。‎ ‎26．(2019·江苏高考)Nowadays the ________ (prior) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.‎ 答案：‎ - 15 -‎ priority　句意：如今，旅游的重点从购物转向了食物和风景。根据句意可知，此处应用名词，priority“优先；优先权；重点”。‎ ‎27．(2019·浙江高考)When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ________ (have) to worry about fashion (时尚)．‎ 答案：has/will have　空格前面的从句为一般现在时，主句谓语动词应该用一般现在时或者一般将来时。而句子主语nobody是第三人称单数，所以当句子为一般现在时态时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。‎ ‎28．(2019·浙江高考)Other American studies showed no ________ (connect) between uniforms and school performance.‎ 答案：connection/connections　no用来修饰名词，此处用单复数形式均可。‎ ‎29．(2020·广西南宁市第三中学高三月考)Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance ________ (be) available since 9 am on Tuesday.‎ 答案：has been　由时间状语“since 9”可知时态用现在完成时。且主语“Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance(提前在网上订班车票)”为第三人称单数形式，故填has been。‎ ‎30．(2020·内蒙古杭锦后旗奋斗中学高三上学期第一次月考)Her only ________ (respond) was always a nod of the head or something else like that.‎ 答案：response　分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，需用respond的名词形式，故填response。‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．(2019·天津高考)Amy, as well as her brothers, were given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：were→was　A as well as B作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由A，也就是本题中的Amy决定；故将were改为was。‎ ‎2．(2019·北京高考)Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question suggest that, for most students, it doesn't.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：suggest→suggests/suggested/has suggested　此处用一般现在时、一般过去时或现在完成时都可以。主语research是不可数名词，suggest用第三人称单数，这里suggest是“表明”之意。‎ ‎3．(2020·河南省南阳市第一中学高三上学期月考)The mother's health was judged on her heighttoweight ratio (比例), her diet, amount of physical activities, smoking status and how much alcohol she drank.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ - 15 -‎ 答案：activities→activity　句意：母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义，不可数，故将activities改为activity。‎ ‎4．(2020·安徽省六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测试)The main character Jane Eyre is one of my favorite heroine. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：heroine→heroines　主角简·爱是我最喜欢的女主角之一。one of＋名词复数，故将heroine改为heroines。‎ ‎5．(2018·北京高考)I was one of the final run to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：run→runners　根据句意，指“我”是最后一个完成赛跑的跑步者，同时结合“one of”可知，此处使用复数名词，故将run改为runners。‎ ‎6．(2018·江苏高考)It found many youngsters (少年) now measure their status by how much public approve they get online, often through “likes”. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：approve→approval　根据前面的“public” (公众的)和“how much”可知，后面跟名词，作get的宾语，故将approve改为approval。‎ ‎7．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)A buildityourself solar still (蒸馏器) is one of the best way to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：way→ways　根据句意可知，这里指“其中一个最好的取水方式”，one of后应接名词的复数形式。‎ ‎8．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare's play in their own language.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：play→plays　根据后半句语境可知，此处应用play的复数形式，泛指莎士比亚的作品。‎ ‎9．(2020·河南省南阳市第一中学高三上学期月考)Some of them even steal money from their parent to buy cigarettes, that is terrible.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：parent→parents　此处parent应用复数形式。‎ ‎10．(2020·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)Anyone found guilty of smuggling (偷运) silkworm eggs, cocoons, or mulberry seeds was put to dying.‎ - 15 -‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：dying→death　句意：任何被发现犯有偷运桑蚕卵，蚕茧、桑树种子的会被处死。Dying为die的现在分词形式，这里应用其名词形式death。‎ 主谓一致 一、主谓一致的概念及原则 主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。‎ 二、主谓一致常考考点 ‎1．表示一类人的the poor/rich/dead/injured/wounded等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。‎ The_rich are to help the poor.‎ ‎2．“主语＋with/along with/together with/as well as/rather than/but/except等＋名词/代词”，谓语动词的单复数形式与主语的单复数保持一致。‎ A gift together_with many flowers was sent to me on Teachers' Day by my students.‎ ‎3．由either ... or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but (also) ..., or, nor等连接的并列成分作主语，以及there be句式中，谓语动词的单复数形式与最靠近的主语一致。‎ Neither_he_nor_I am going to see the film tonight.‎ ‎4．被every, each, many a, more than one等修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。‎ Every_boy_and_(every)_girl has adapted to the new system.‎ More_than_one_student wants to join the army.‎ ‎5．复合不定代词anyone, somebody, everything, nothing等作主语，谓语动词用单数。‎ If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me.‎ ‎6．两个单数名词由and连接表示同一人或物时，谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎ The_scientist_and_professor has made great contributions to the research.‎ ‎7．class, family, crew, team, group, crowd, government等集体名词作主语时，若侧重整体，谓语动词常用单数；若侧重成员，谓语动词用复数。‎ The_football_team_is made up of 23 members.‎ The_football_team_are taking their training course on the playground.‎ ‎8．表示由两部分构成的物体的名词，如：trousers, pants, jeans, glasses, shorts等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。但如果这类名词前用了a pair of或two/three/ ... pairs of来修饰，谓语动词在数上要与pair的数保持一致。‎ These trousers need cleaning.‎ This pair of glasses is mine.‎ - 15 -‎ ‎9．表示时间、距离、重量、体积、价格等的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。‎ I think $5,000 is a large sum of money for him.‎ ‎10．分数或百分数修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词根据分数或百分数所修饰的名词而定。‎ Two thirds of his income has_been_spent on books.‎ Seventy percent of the population in that country are still in poverty.‎ ‎11．“a number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。‎ A number of new products have_been successfully produced.‎ The number of people doing fitness training is on the increase.‎ ‎12．“a quantity of＋名词”与“quantities of＋名词”作主语，前者谓语动词由其后的名词决定，后者谓语动词用复数形式。‎ A large quantity of drinking water in that city was reported not to reach the standard.‎ With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are_being_washed away each year.‎ ‎13．从句、不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。‎ When the meeting will be held has_not_been_decided yet.‎ Reading in the sun does_harm to our eyes.‎ ‎14．定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致。‎ Mr Smith, who is now downstairs, is asking to see you.‎ The Smiths, who are now downstairs, are asking to see you.‎ - 15 -‎