【英语】2018届人教版必修4一轮复习：Unit1　Womenofachievement单元学案（17页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修4一轮复习：Unit1　Womenofachievement单元学案（17页）

Unit 1　Women of achievement单元学案 一、单词—— 写 得 准 用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1.worthwhile adj. 　　值得的；值得做的 ‎2.respect vt.& n．　 尊敬；尊重；敬意 ‎3.support n．& vt.　　　 支持；拥护 ‎4.kindness n．　 仁慈；好意 ‎5.deliver vt. 递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)‎ ‎6.modest adj.谦虚的；谦让的；适度的 ‎7.achievement n．成就；功绩→achieve_vt.完成；达到 ‎8.connection n．连接；关系→connect vt.连接 ‎9.organization n．组织；机构；团体→organize vt.组织 ‎10.behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现→behaviour n．行为；举止；习性 ‎11.observe vt.观察；观测；遵守→observation n．观察；观测；评论 ‎12.argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论→argument n．争论；争辩；争吵 ‎13.crowd n．人群；观众 vt.挤满；使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的 ‎1.Many experts thought that there is a definite connection (connect) between citizens' heart problems and their ways of life.‎ ‎2.He has been observing the situation of that region for a long time, so his observation is believable.(observe)‎ ‎3.The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behaviour in front of others.(behave)‎ ‎4.The rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune, while the poor man intended to learn some skills of earning money.(intend)‎ ‎5.He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health. At last, he argued us out of smoking.(argue)‎ ‎6.I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a ‎ ‎14.inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的；有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspiration n．鼓舞；灵感 ‎15.refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考→reference n．提及；涉及；参考；查阅 ‎16.sickness n．疾病；恶心→sick adj.生病的 ‎17.intend vt.计划；打算→intention n．打算；目的；意图 ‎18.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider v．考虑；认为→consideration n．考虑；体谅→considering prep.考虑到 key university, which will give you a wonderful sense of achievement.(achieve)‎ ‎7.The crowd went directly to the accident scene, and the spot was crowded with people.(crowd)‎ ‎8.Listening to his inspiring speech, we were inspired to make great efforts. It gave us not only hope but also inspiration.(inspire)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“鼓舞；激励”动词家族 ‎①inspire　鼓舞；激发 ‎②encourage 鼓励；激励 ‎③motivate 激发；激励 ‎2.以hood为后缀的名词面面观 ‎①childhood　　　　　 童年 ‎②adulthood　 成年 ‎③boyhood　 少年时代 ‎④brotherhood　 手足之情 ‎⑤neighborhood　‎ ‎3.以ency结尾的高频名词小结 ‎①emergency　　　紧急情况 ‎②efficiency　 效率；功率 ‎③tendency　 趋向；趋势 ‎④fluency　 流利；流畅 ‎4.以ist为后缀的高频名词全接触 ‎①specialist 专家 ‎②journalist 记者 ‎③psychologist 心理学家 ‎④economist 经济学家 ‎5.后缀ation高频名词集锦 ‎①inspiration 　　灵感；鼓舞 ‎②consideration 考虑 ‎③celebration 庆祝；庆典 ‎④congratulation 祝贺 ‎⑤appreciation 欣赏；感激 ‎⑥civilization 文明 ‎⑦expectation 期望 ‎⑧adaptation 适应；改编本 ‎ 邻里；社区；街坊 二、短语—— 写 得 准 用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.move_off　　　　离开；起程；出发 ‎2.lead/live_a_..._life 过着……的生活 ‎3.crowd_in (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海 ‎4.look_down_upon/on_ 蔑视；瞧不起 ‎5.refer_to_ 查阅；参考；谈到 ‎6.by_chance_　 碰巧；凑巧 ‎7.come_across_ (偶然)遇见；碰见 ‎8.carry_on　 继续；坚持 ‎9.devote_..._to_... 献身于……；专心于……‎ ‎10.work_out_ 解决；锻炼身体；结果是 ‎1.She tried to sleep, but too many thoughts_crowded_in on her.‎ ‎2.Devoted_to his research work, the scientist has little time to spend with his family.‎ ‎3. Please refer_to_the dictionary if you don't know how to pronounce the word.‎ ‎4.Some of the students have already learned enough English to carry_on a conversation with a native speaker.‎ ‎5.By_chance he found the very book he was always looking for.‎ ‎6. You should respect them; after all no one likes being looked_down_upon/on.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“v.＋off”短语速记 ‎①move off　　离开；出发 ‎②pay off　 还清；取得好结果 ‎⑤take off　　　 起飞；脱掉 ‎⑦set off　 出发；爆炸 ‎③put off　 推迟 ‎ ④show off　　　炫耀；卖弄 ‎⑥give off 发出(光、热、气味等)‎ ‎2.“查字典”的多种表达 ‎①look up a word in a dictionary ‎②refer to a dictionary ‎③consult a dictionary 三、句式—— 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.‎ 她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。‎ only在句首修饰作状语的副词或介词短语时，句子要倒装。‎ 俗话说，熟能生巧。只有这样我们才能提高我们的英语口语。‎ Practice makes perfect, as the saying goes. Only_in_this_way_can_we_improve our spoken English.‎ ‎2.Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.‎ 我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。‎ ‎ once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。‎ 一旦学会了利用失败，那么失败就能为你的生活做出积极的贡献。‎ Failure can make a positive contribution to your life once_you_learn_to_make_use_of_it.‎ ‎3.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.‎ 我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么难。‎ ‎ “It hits/hit sb.＋从句”表示“某人突然想起……”。‎ 我突然想到我把护照落在厨房的桌子上了。‎ It_suddenly_hit_me_that I had left my passport on the table in the kitchen.‎ ‎4.Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.‎ 进一步的阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。‎ It is/was ... that/who ...强调句。‎ 巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪初他的音乐才能才被完全认可。(2015·重庆高考单选)‎ Bach died in 1750, but it_was_not_until_the_early_19th_century_that_his musical gift was fully recognized.‎ 语境认识词汇 Hans is a man of great achievements， who argues that every one of us should try our best to help those in need. Once Hans was asked to deliver a speech at the graduation in Harvard University. He said， “Caring for children is an ordinary job， but don't look down upon ordinary jobs. Once you begin to do something， you must carry on with it， otherwise you will never achieve anything. Only when you are old looking back and saying that you have tried your best will you be content with your life.‎ ‎1．argue vi.& vt.讨论；辩论；争辩；说服 ‎(1)argue for ...　　为……而争论；为……而辩护 argue against　　　　 争辩(反对……)‎ argue with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人争辩某事　‎ argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 argue that ...　　 提出理由说明；主张……‎ ‎(2)argument n．　　 争论；争辩；论点 beyond argument　 无可辩解 ‎①It's no use arguing_with_him about the question for he won't change his opinion.‎ 关于这个问题和他争论是没有用的，他不会改变自己的观点的。‎ ‎②We tried many ways to_argue_him_into following our advice, but in vain.‎ 我们想尽各种办法说服他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。‎ ‎③Some argued that attention (should)_be_paid (pay) to our heavy road traffic. (2015·江苏高考书面表达)‎ 一些人主张应该多注意我们拥堵的道路交通。‎ ‎[名师指津]　argue that ... 意为“主张……”时，that从句的谓语动词常使用虚拟语气“(should) do”形式。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“说服……做……”的其他表达：‎ ‎①persuade sb. to do sth.　②persuade sb. into doing sth.‎ ‎③convince sb. to do sth.　　　 ④talk sb. into doing sth.‎ ‎2．deliver vt.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)‎ ‎(1)be delivered of＝give birth to　生……‎ deliver sth.to sb. 把……传递给某人 deliver a speech 发表演说 ‎(2)delivery n. 投递；送货；分娩 ‎①Each time he delivered_a_letter_to Mrs. Brown, he had to finish his work quite late, because she lived far away. ‎ 每次他给布朗太太送信，他都不得不工作到很晚，因为她住得太远了。‎ ‎②The headmaster delivered_an_important_speech at the meeting yesterday，which left a deep impression on his students.‎ 在昨天的会议上校长发表了重要演说，这给他的学生们留下了深刻印象。‎ ‎[名师指津]　deliver后不接双宾语，即不能说deliver sb.sth.，只能说deliver sth.to sb.。‎ ‎3. carry on继续；坚持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)‎ carry on　继续做某事(相当于go on with)‎ carry off 赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等)‎ carry out 实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等)‎ carry through 帮……渡过(难关等)；维持；完成 ‎①I hate it when she calls me at work — I'm always too busy to carry_on a conversation with her.(2016·天津高考单选)‎ 我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。‎ ‎②At last week's Oscars, a small number of films carried_off nearly all the prizes.‎ 在上周的奥斯卡金像奖上，一小批电影几乎赢得了所有奖项。‎ ‎③The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if carried out regularly, can improve our health.‎ 实验表明，如果经常性地进行适当的锻炼，能够改善我们的健康。‎ ‎[名师指津]　carry on既可用作及物动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。‎ ‎4．once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”‎ Once_I_stop,_it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.‎ 我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。‎ ‎①We must understand that a habit is difficult and sometimes almost impossible to get rid of once_it_is_formed.(2014·江西高考书面表达)‎ 我们必须明白：习惯一旦形成，就很难，甚至有时几乎不可能改掉。‎ ‎②You will be successful in the interview once_you_have_confidence.‎ 在面试时你一旦有了自信心，就一定会成功。‎ ‎③Once broadcast (broadcast), the TV play will be very popular with young people.‎ 一旦开播，这部电视剧就会很受年轻人的欢迎。‎ ‎[名师指津]　如果once引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，或从句为“it be ...”形式时，从句中的“主语＋be”或“it be”可以省略。‎ 语境认识词汇　This morning, I was walking in the park when it hit me that I had been asked to go to the bookshop to buy a book which is intended for parents. So I went there and bought one. In the book, the author shares his feelings and ideas with us about teaching children how to behave themselves and learn to respect others. As parents, we are supposed to be strict with our children and observe their behavior closely. In addition, the book refers to some parents whose children have made great achievements in support of this book. All in all, I think that it is worthwhile to read the book.‎ ‎5．intend vt.计划；打算 ‎(1)intend doing/to do sth.　打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth.　　　 打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth. 本来打算做某事 ‎(2)be intended to do sth./for sth. 专门为……；专门给……‎ ‎(3)with an/the intention of　 抱有……的目的；打算……‎ ‎①I'm writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I intend to_join/joining (join) a Dragon Boat Training Camp.(2015·北京高考书面表达)‎ 我写信告诉你我暑假令人兴奋的计划，我打算参加龙舟训练营。‎ ‎②They had_intended_(intend) to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.‎ 他们本来打算那天到乡下去，但听说交通拥堵就推迟了。‎ ‎③He left England with the intention (intend) of travelling in Africa.‎ 他离开英格兰，打算去非洲旅行。‎ ‎6．behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现 ‎(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb.　对待某人好/差 behave oneself　　　　　 守规矩；表现得体 ‎(2)wellbehaved adj　　　 表现好的 badlybehaved adj　　 表现差的 ‎(3)behaviour n．　　 举止；行为 ‎①I don't think it a reasonable practice for them to_behave (behave) that way in our society.(2014·重庆高考写作)‎ 我认为在这个社会里他们用那种方式做事是不合情理的。‎ ‎②Behave_yourself;_do not make a fool of yourself.‎ 守规矩点，别闹出笑话来。‎ ‎③I think all of us should mind our behaviour (behave) in public places.(2012·福建高考书面表达)‎ 我认为我们大家都应该注意在公共场所的行为举止。‎ ‎7．respect vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意 ‎(1)respect sb. for sth.　　　因某事而尊重某人 ‎(2)have/show respect for sb.　 尊重某人 out of respect for ...　　　　 出于对……的尊敬；顾及 ‎ (3) respected adj. 受人尊敬的；受敬重的 respectable adj. 可敬的；正派的；体面的 ‎①Respect_yourself,_or no one else will respect you.‎ ‎[谚]君须自敬，人乃敬之。‎ ‎②I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service.‎ 我希望航空公司能多尊重乘客并提高服务水平。‎ ‎③Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice, out_of_respect_for farmers' labor.‎ 中国的孩子在很小的时候就受到不能浪费每一粒粮食的教育，这是出于对农民劳动的尊重。‎ ‎8．observe vt.观察；观测；注意到；遵守；庆祝 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中observe的含义 ‎①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守 ‎②Thanksgiving Day is observed as a general holiday by the American people.庆祝 ‎③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behaviour of the chimps.观察 ‎④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.注意到 ‎(1)observe Christmas/New Year's Day/festivals ‎　　　　　　　　庆祝圣诞/元旦/节日 observe ‎(2)observation n．　　　　观察；注意；监视 ‎⑤The guard observed a young man stealing (steal) from the office, and he tried to approach him quietly.‎ 门卫注意到一位年轻人正从办公室里偷东西，他试图悄悄地靠近他。‎ ‎9．refer to谈到；参考；查阅；提及；涉及 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中refer to的含义 ‎①If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.查阅 ‎②Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.参考 ‎③We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及 ‎④The new law does not refer to land used for farming.涉及 ‎(1)refer to ... as ...　把……称作……‎ refer ... to ...　　　　 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助)‎ ‎(2)reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅 in/with reference to 关于 ‎⑤People who work in offices are usually referred_to_as “white collar workers”．‎ 在办公室工作的人通常被称作白领。‎ ‎⑥The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.(2015·天津高考书面表达)‎ 课本和字典可以用作参考书而杂志可作为阅读材料。‎ ‎[名师指津]　look up表示“参考；查阅”时，其宾语多为word, information等；而refer to表示“参考；查阅”时，其宾语多为book, dictionary等。‎ ‎10．It hit(s) sb.＋从句 Suddenly it_hit_me_how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.‎ 我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么难。‎ 类似的结构还有：‎ It occurs/occurred to sb.that ...　(某人)突然想到……‎ It strikes/struck sb.that ...　　　 (某人)突然想到……‎ It happens/happened that ...　　　 碰巧……‎ ‎①It hit me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.‎ ‎→It_struck_me_that the phone number I had told them was wrong.‎ ‎→It_occurred_to_me_that the phone number I had told them was wrong.‎ 我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。‎ ‎②It_happened_that they spent their childhood in the same village.‎ 碰巧他们的童年是在同一个村子度过的。‎ ‎[课堂练牢基础]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The little boy's bad behaviour (behave) at the party made his parents upset.‎ ‎2．He has made up his mind to intend his son to_manage (manage) the company.‎ ‎3．He was unhappy because many people argued_against his plan.‎ ‎4．With our teacher supporting (support) us, we feel quite encouraged.‎ ‎5．You should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.‎ ‎6．Last night Bruce was observed to_leave (leave) the building with two young men and take a taxi away.‎ ‎7．I deeply appreciate your kindness (kind) in coming so far to meet me.‎ ‎8．He is such a great man that all of us show our respect for him.‎ ‎9．We all know that Yuan Longping is famous for his scientific achievements (achieve)．‎ ‎10．Computers have replaced televisions as our most popular form of entertainment (entertain)．‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to carry out their discussion.out→on ‎2．I often look at the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet.at→up ‎3．It didn't occur him that she would refuse his invitation. occur后加to ‎4．It is very easy to find a book intending for children. intending→intended ‎5．You promised to deliver the goods for our company immediately, but we haven't seen any of them yet.for→to ‎6．A crowd of children was passing my house, singing and laughing. was→were Ⅲ.根据提示词或结构补全句子 ‎1．(2015·江苏高考书面表达)监督他们维持社会秩序并靠右行驶是每一个人的责任。(observe)‎ It is everybody's duty to_observe_them_keep_our_society_in_order and going on the right track.‎ ‎2．(2015·浙江高考书面表达)当我有不同意见时，我可能选择放弃我的意见并尊重大多数人的意见。(respect)‎ When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect_the_opinion_of_the_majority.‎ ‎3．(2013·天津高考书面表达)为了提高我们的英语水平，让更多的学生对英语感兴趣，我打算在学校组织一些活动。(intend)‎ To improve our English and get more students interested in English, I intend_to_organize_some_activities_at_school.‎ ‎4．只有通过努力学习你才能在学习上取得进步。(“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句)‎ Only by studying hard will_you_make_progress in your study. ‎ ‎5．现在大家都知道它了。但没人知道是什么曾经阻止了谣言传播。(强调句型)‎ Everybody knows about it now! But no one knows what_it_was_that once prevented the rumor from spreading. ‎ Ⅳ.根据括号内的要求完成下面各题 ‎1．说服农民相信科学种田是我们的任务。(一句多译)‎ ‎①It is our task to_argue_the_peasants_into_believing scientific farming.(argue)‎ ‎②To_persuade_the_peasants_into_believing/to_believe scientific farming is our task.(persuade)‎ ‎③Our task is to_talk_the_peasants_into_believing scientific farming.(talk)‎ ‎2．It hit him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.(同义句转换)‎ ‎→It_occurred_to_him_that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.‎ ‎→It_struck_him_that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.‎ ‎3．I met my good friends in the museum yesterday by chance. (同义句转换)‎ ‎→It_happened_that I met my good friends in the museum yesterday.‎ ‎4．Once he was buried in something, he would close his ears to anything.(状语从句的省略)‎ ‎→Once_buried in something, he would close his ears to anything.‎ ‎[课下练熟高考]‎ 练(一)　英语知识运用·组块专练——练准度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎(2017·江西九校联考)Conservationists are breeding (饲养) lions in the Southern African nation of Zimbabwe. The wildlife experts hope to increase the lion population to keep the great cats from __1__.‎ In some areas, lions and human beings are __2__ control of land. Researchers believe something must be done quickly to __3__ the animals.‎ The African Lion and Environmental Research Trust (ALERT) has more than 100 __4__ in its breeding program. Antelope Park Farm is one of two sites ALERT operates in Zimbabwe.‎ Gary Jones heads the Antelope Park Farm. He says ALERT has become involved __5__ a sharp drop in the number of lions. His group believes this has been __6__ mainly by humans. There are more people moving to this area every year. The lions have __7__ land on which to live.‎ Gary Jones says the decrease in the lion population affects the whole __8__. He adds that other African nations are also seeing the __9__ effects of this.‎ There are countries, __10__ in central and north Africa, where the lion population has reached a(n) __11__ level. Burundi, a country of eastcentral Africa, for instance, does not have lions in its national parks. It __12__ wants to have lions reintroduced back into its national parks. The reason is that when you take the lion out of the equation (平衡), suddenly you get all __13__ things start happening with the balance of __14__. For example, you get too many prey (猎物) species, like giraffes and zebras.‎ The United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization says __15__ animals are threatened when farmers try to __16__ their plants or animals.‎ Rene Czudek works for the UN agency. He says his organization has __17__ a humanwildlife tool kit (成套工具) that some countries are using to reduce __18__ between humans and wildlife. “In fact, the tool kit is a kind of instrument that extension workers can use with the __19__ — explain to them how wildlife behaves, and then show them what the risky behaviors are, and how they should __20__ their fields accordingly，” Mr. Czudek said.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。生态保护者设法保护非洲的狮子。‎ ‎1．A.disappearing　　　　　　　 B．attacking C．changing D．arriving 解析：选A　由上文的“increase the lion population”可推断，野生动物保护专家希望增加狮子的数量以防止狮子“消失(disappearing)”。‎ ‎2．A.waiting for B．cheering for C．competing for D．looking for 解析：选C　在一些地方，狮子和人类正在“争夺(competing for)”对土地的控制。‎ ‎3．A.train B．observe C．catch D．save 解析：选D　由第四段中的“a sharp drop in the number of lions”可推断，研究人员认为必须尽快采取措施“拯救(save)”狮子。‎ ‎4．A.giraffes B．lions C．zebras D．antelopes 解析：选B　由文章开头的“breeding (饲养) lions”可知答案。‎ ‎5．A.instead of B．because of C．in place of D．in spite of 解析：选B　由于狮子数量骤减，所以ALERT要保护它们。故选because of。‎ ‎6．A.known B．studied C．caused D．prevented 解析：选C　由下文的“There are more people moving to this area every year.”可推断，狮子数量减少主要是人类“造成(caused)”的。‎ ‎7．A.less B．worse C．more D．better 解析：选A　由上文的“There are more people moving to this area every year.”可推断，狮子赖以生存的土地减少了。故选less。‎ ‎8．A.environment B．background C．industry D．position 解析：选A　由下段末的“you get too many prey (猎物) species, like giraffes and zebras”可推断，狮子数量减少影响整个自然“环境(environment)”。‎ ‎9．A.immediate B．possible C．magical D．disastrous 解析：选D　由下段可知，其他非洲国家也看到了狮子数量减少所带来的“灾难性的(disastrous)”影响。‎ ‎10．A.usually B．finally C．gradually D．particularly 解析：选D　在一些国家，“尤其(particularly)”是位于非洲中部和北部的国家，狮子数量已经达到了“令人担忧的(worrying)”地步。‎ ‎11．A.acceptable B．worrying C．reasonable D．necessary 解析：选B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎12．A.frequently B．simply C．naturally D．desperately 解析：选D　布隆迪“极度(desperately)”想将狮子再次引入到国家公园。‎ ‎13．A.small B．similar C．strange D．ideal 解析：选C　由下文的“you get too many prey (猎物) species, like giraffes and zebras”可知，没有狮子会导致一系列“奇怪的(strange)”事情发生。‎ ‎14．A.nature B．body C．power D．trade 解析：选A　由下文所举的猎物增多的例子可推断，此处是说“自然生态平衡”。故选nature。‎ ‎15．A.live B．wild C．large D．trapped 解析：选B　由下文的“when farmers try to ... their plants or animals”可推断，此处是说“野生的(wild)”动物受到威胁。‎ ‎16．A.protect B．move C．use D．improve 解析：选A　农民设法“保护(protect)”他们的植物或动物。‎ ‎17．A.put up with B．caught up with C．come up with D．kept up with 解析：选C　Rene Czudek所在的组织已经“创造出(come up with)”一套缓解人类和野生生物冲突的工具。‎ ‎18．A.pressure B．distance C．speed D．conflict 解析：选D　由下文的“explain to them how wildlife behaves, and then show them what the risky behaviors are, and how ...”可知，这套工具可以用来缓解人类和野生生物之间的“冲突(conflict)”。‎ ‎19．A.farmers B．workers C．gardeners D．experts 解析：选A　由下文可知，这套工具是供推广人员向“农民(farmers)”宣传有关环保知识时使用的。‎ ‎20．A.clear B．water C．find D．plan 解析：‎ 选D　上文多次提到狮子(或野生生物)和人类争夺土地，因此，要缓解二者之间的冲突就需要教育农民如何“规划(plan)”他们的土地。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2017·福建高三单科质量检查)I was born in a town called Blackburn, in the northwest of England, and lived there till I left home __1__ the age of eighteen. My parents had moved to England from India during __2__ 1970s.‎ As a child, I went to my local school and, of course __3__ (speak) English with a local accent. But home was very different: we lived in a kind of “little India”， with a huge extended family of uncles and aunts. I remember __4__ (feel) part of this big thing called “family”， and an even __5__ (big) thing called “India”. I suppose my family __6__ (real) influenced me while I was growing up. They used to talk about India as “home” — even __7__ at that time I had never been there!‎ To me, it doesn't seem at all strange to grow up as part of two cultures. I am always thinking that growing up with two cultures is a gift, not a __8__ (advantage). Now as a mother, I want my child __9__ (get) in contact (接触) with her Indian roots too, so we are planning to visit there later this year. All her Indian __10__ (cousin) are expecting to meet her!‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”出生在英国西北部的一个小镇，在十八岁时离开那里去求学；“我”的父母早在20世纪70年代从印度迁到英国。“我”认为伴随着两个不同文化成长是礼物而不是缺点。‎ ‎1．at　at the age of为固定搭配，意为“在……岁时”。‎ ‎2．the　the 1970s为固定用法，意为“20世纪70年代”；表示“某世纪某年代”时应在数字前加the。‎ ‎3．spoke　根据该句中的“As a child, I went”可以判断，该句讲述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故应用speak的过去式spoke。‎ ‎4．feeling　remember doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“记得(曾经)做过某事”；根据语境可知，这里指记得曾经发生的事情，故用feeling。‎ ‎5．bigger　根据上文中的big和该句中的even可以判断，空处应用big的比较级bigger。‎ ‎6．really　‎ 根据空后的influenced可以判断，空处修饰动词，故用该词的副词形式really。‎ ‎7．though/if　他们过去常常将印度当作家乡来谈论，即使那时“我”从没有到过那里。even though/if为固定搭配，意为“尽管，即使”。‎ ‎8．disadvantage　根据该句中的“a gift, not ...”可以判断，此处表示伴随着两种文化成长是一件礼物，而不是缺点。故用advantage的反义词disadvantage。‎ ‎9．to get　want sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要某人做某事”。‎ ‎10．cousins　根据该句中的All和are可知，应用名词的复数形式。‎ 练(二)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分·组块专练——练规范 ‎(限时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2017·兰州、白银市部分学校高三模拟)‎ Do you ever stop and think about this big, beautiful world we live in? It's home __1__ so many people and animals. We all live in this amazing place, so we all have the __2__ (responsible) to take care of it, too.‎ A long time ago, I started thinking about what I could do to help take care of the planet. I wondered __3__ I could use my talents for good. I love creating websites and making art and designing clothes. That's what __4__ (inspire) me, at age 8, to start an online company. I donate part of my profits to organizations __5__ (try) their best to save our environment. After I launched my business, I started getting __6__ (invite) to give presentations to young people about my company and the environment. I also talk about something else that __7__ (be) meaningful.‎ One thing I've learned is that a lot of people feel like __8__ small contribution to any cause is just a drop in the bucket and won't make a difference. But that's not true! __9__ (actual) when it comes to saving our environment, every small action counts. The __10__ (tiny) thing is better than the greatest intention.‎ 语篇解读：保护环境，从我做起；拯救地球，从小做起。作者8岁时创立网络公司，把一部分利润捐给热衷环保的组织。最小的行动胜过最大的打算。你行动起来了吗？‎ ‎1．to　be home to意为“……的栖息地；是……的家园”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎2．responsibility　我们都住在这个令人惊叹的地方，因此人人也都有责任照顾它。根据空前的“have the”可知此处应填一个名词，responsibility意为“责任，职责”。‎ ‎3．how　分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句作wondered的宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示方式，故用how引导该从句，表示“我想知道我如何能把我的才能发挥好”。‎ ‎4．inspired　空处的前一句和后一句都用的是一般现在时，但是根据空后的时间状语“at age 8”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。‎ ‎5．trying　我把收益的一部分捐给尽最大努力挽救我们的环境的组织。分析句子结构可知，organizations与try之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语。‎ ‎6．invited　创业后，我开始受邀给年轻人作关于我的公司和环境的讲座。此处是get done结构，故填过去分词。‎ ‎7．is　that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，that指代的是something else，表示单数含义，故从句谓语动词用单数形式。此外，这里表示客观的情况，故应用一般现在时。综上可知本空填is。‎ ‎8．a　很多人觉得对任何事业的小小贡献都是杯水车薪，不会有什么影响。这里表示泛指，且contribution是可数名词，故用a。注意：feel like后面是一个省略了引导词的从句。‎ ‎9．Actually　但那是错误的！事实上，谈到拯救环境，每一个小小的行为都很重要。空处作状语修饰整个句子，故要用副词。actually“事实上”。‎ ‎10．tiniest　根据空前的“The”和句意“最微小的事情也比最伟大的打算好”，空处要填最高级跟后面的“the greatest”形成对比。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2016·河南省六市高三第一次联考)Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare for our trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched for the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel informations. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and manage to buy two tickets for my grandparents but there was a long queue. After dinner, I packed into the suitcase which my grandparents would need, such as clothes, glasses, a umbrella, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station see them off. Waved goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safety journey.‎ 答案：第一句：our→their 第二句：去掉第一个for; informations→information 第三句：manage→managed; but→though/although 第四句：which→what; 第一个a→an 第五句：station后加to 第六句：Waved→Waving; safety→safe Ⅲ.书面表达 假设你是李华，计划今年暑假去美国旅游两周，请根据以下提示给你的美国朋友David写一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：‎ ‎1．提出你对旅游地点的要求并请David推荐地点；‎ ‎2．你对住宿和交通的要求；‎ ‎3．请他代为预订宾馆并对他表示感谢。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear David，‎ ‎ 　‎ ‎ 　‎ ‎ 　‎ ‎ 　‎ ‎ 　‎ Best regards! ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear David，‎ The summer holiday is drawing near. I feel very excited at the thought that I am going to visit America in the holiday. It will be the first time that I have travelled abroad on my own. So I need your help. I'd like to visit some areas of scenic beauty, such as mountains, valleys, rivers or forests, where I can enjoy the beauty of nature. Please recommend several places to me. Besides, I prefer to live in the hotel and I hope the traffic around isn't too heavy because I'm going to rent a car to start my travel. Please help me book a hotel. Thanks a lot.‎ I'm expecting to hear from you, and I'm looking forward to meeting you.‎ Best regards!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua