2018届一轮复习北师大版unit12cultureshock教案

2018届一轮复习北师大版unit12cultureshock教案

重点识记词汇 ‎1.owe vt.欠(情、债等)‎ ‎2.brief adj.短暂的，简短的 ‎3.expectation n.期待的事物，预期 ‎ ‎4.get used to习惯于 ‎5.anyhow adv.总之，反正；不管怎样 ‎ ‎6.exchange vt.兑换，交换 ‎7.majority n.大半，大多数→a majority of... 多数的…… ‎ ‎8.aspect n.方面 ‎9.reasonable adj.合理的，正当的→reason n.理由 ‎ ‎10.manners n.礼貌 ‎11.modest adj.谦虚的；适度的 ‎ ‎12.movement n.动作；活动 ‎13.give...a lift让……搭车 ‎ ‎14.request n.请求 ‎15.familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的→be familiar to对……熟悉 16.arrival n.到达，抵达 ‎17.cautious adj.小心翼翼的，谨慎的 ‎ ‎18.spoken adj.口头的 ‎19.stare vi.盯着看，凝视→stare at盯着……看 ‎ ‎20.see...off给 (某人)送行 ‎21.whisper vi.&n.低语，耳语→in a whisper低声地 ‎ ‎22.conduct vt.指挥；实施 ‎23.belong vi.适应；属于→belong to属于，归属，来自 ‎ ‎24.apology n.道歉，认错 ‎25.attach vt.喜欢，依恋；系，固定→be attached to贴在…… 26.foggy adj.多雾的→fog n.雾 ‎27.contrary adj.相反的；n.相反→contrary to...与此相反 ‎ ‎28.broad adj.各种各样的；广阔的 ‎29.expectation n.期待的事物，预期→expect vt.预料；期待 30.forgive vt.宽恕，饶恕 ‎31.tasty adj.美味的→taste v.品尝；尝起来；n.味觉 ‎32.indicate vt.表明；表示→indication n.表明；标示；显示 ‎33.laughter n.笑；笑声→laugh vi.笑，嘲笑 ‎34.informal adj.非正式的→formal adj.正式的 ‎35.injure vt.伤害→injury n.受伤→injured adj.受伤的 ‎36.arrival n.到达，抵达→arrive vi.到达 ‎37.absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收→be absorbed in集中精力在……‎ ‎38.spoken adj.口头的→speak vt.讲，说→speaker n.演讲者，讲话人 ‎39.educator n.教育者→educate vt.教育→education n.教育；培训 ‎40.curiously adv.奇怪地；好奇地→curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n.好奇；好奇心 必背经典句式 ‎1.I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.‎ 我最后一次访问中国时有一次类似的经历。‎ ‎2.I don’t know what your expectations are of London，but knowing that you’ve never travelled outside of Asia，I thought I’d tell you a bit about what you can expect to find.‎ 我不知道您对伦敦有什么期望，但是我知道您从来没有到过亚洲以外的地方旅行，所以我应该告诉您一些这里您要知道的情况。‎ 必背经典句式 ‎3.I think we should consider staying in the English countryside for a few nights as I know you enjoy hiking.‎ 我知道你喜欢远足，我想我们应该在英国乡村住几天。‎ ‎4.I wonder if they’ll ever forgive the way they’ve been treated.‎ 我想知道是否他们原谅他们已被对待的方式。‎ 构词记忆 　unemployment /ˌʌnIm′plɔImənt/n.[U]失业(状态)；失业人数 unaware /ˌʌnə′weə/adj.不知道；没意识到 unbelievable /ˌʌnbI′liːvəbl/adj.不可相信的；难以置信的 uncomfortable /ˌʌn′kʌmfətəbl/adj.不舒服的；不安的 unconscious /ˌʌn′kɒnʃəs/adj.1.失去知觉的　2.未发觉的　3.无意识的 Ⅰ.词汇与派生 A．语境填词 ‎1．I want toexchange(交换) the book for a Chinese dictionary.‎ ‎2．Our good learning habits will make us study more easily and efficiently and absorb(吸收) knowledge completely.‎ ‎3．It is bad manners(礼貌) to talk with your mouth full.‎ ‎4．It needs the balance of the force that cautions(告诫)，“watch，listen，review，improve.”‎ ‎5．What he said was brief(简短的) but significant.‎ ‎6．Anyhow(不管怎样)，if we treat our friends sincerely，we are sure to be rewarded.‎ ‎7．The majority(多数) of candidates were in favour of the proposal put forward at the meeting.‎ ‎8．Visitors are requested(要求) not to touch the exhibits which are of great value.‎ ‎9．We’ll have an opportunity(机会) to exchange views tomorrow.‎ ‎10．He said they would attach(附加) conditions to the handover of the base.‎ B．用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎11．The beauty of the West Lake in spring was far beyond hisexpectations(expect)．‎ ‎12．It was so foggy(fog) that the driver could hardly make out the way ahead.‎ ‎13．Everybody burst into laughter(laugh) when the clown appeared in the funny hat.‎ ‎14．This argument soundsreasonable(reason)，but actually it’s incorrect.‎ ‎15．For most informal(formal) dinners，you should wear comfortable and casual clothes.‎ ‎16．With thearrival(arrive) of their close friends，the party they held became really enjoyable.‎ ‎17．The Chinese culture has been deeply influenced by Confucius，a great Chinese thinker and educator(education)．‎ ‎18．The primary aim of this course is to improve yourspoken (speak) English.‎ Ⅱ.短语运用 A．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空 get used to，give...a lift，see...off，insist on，take sth.seriously，be sensitive to，be attached to，belong to，be familiar to，bring an end to, be absorbed in，stare at ‎19.It is rude to stareat people or to point with a finger.‎ ‎20．He insistedongoing there.‎ ‎21．But after a while，you getusedto it and you can stay in.‎ ‎22．An effective method to know what can make someone happy is to besensitiveto his/her concerns.‎ ‎23．Last night，I had to walk home.No one would givemealift.‎ ‎24．As a student，you should takeyour study seriously.‎ ‎25．He hurried to the airport to seehis friend off.‎ ‎26．This hospitalisattachedtothe medical college nearby.‎ ‎27．The fresh airbelongs equally tous all; we should protect it from being polluted.‎ ‎28．These pictures arefamiliarto all who take an interest in such things.‎ ‎29．It’s hoped that the talks may bringanendto the violence.‎ ‎30．The little girl wasabsorbedin reading a tale.‎ B．用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 loads of，contrary to，in...condition, at least，in a whisper，a majority of ‎31.Michael said softly，almost inawhisper，“Hannah，it’s Michael”．‎ ‎32．Amajorityof college graduates today indicate on surveys that they plan at somepoint to start their own business.‎ ‎33．Contraryto popular belief，many cats dislike milk.‎ ‎34．She’s completely homeless; atleastI have my parents to fall back on.‎ ‎35．I provide loadsofcars to people.‎ ‎36．They left the flat ina terriblecondition—there was a mess everywhere.‎ Ⅲ.经典句式 ‎37．ThelasttimeIsawhimhe was talking to his students of his retiring at the end of the year.‎ 上次我见到他时他正向他的学生们谈他到年底退休的问题。‎ ‎38．Not knowingheraddressorphonenumber，we couldn’t get in touch with her.‎ 由于不知道她的地址或电话号码，我们无法与她取得联系。‎ ‎39．Asisknowntousall，she is a famous singer.‎ 正如我们所知，她是一个著名的歌手。‎ ‎40．I wonder if/whetherIcangetsomeadvicefrom you.‎ 我想知道是否我能从你这里得到些建议。‎ ‎1 ‎[多词一义]　owing to，because of，on account of，due to owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物；把……归功于……‎ owe it to sb.to do sth.(为了感谢某人)应该做……，有义务做……‎ owing to由于 I owe the garage 20 for the new tyre.‎ 因那个新轮胎我欠汽车修理厂20美元。‎ He owes a great deal to his publishers.‎ 他对他的出版商感激涕零。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)He helped you a lot.You owe it to him to invite him to dinner(该请他吃顿饭).‎ ‎(2)Owing to/Because of/Due to (由于) the rain，the match was cancelled.‎ ‎(3)He owes it to his father(归功于他爸爸)that he got the job.‎ ‎2 absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等)(take in)；吸引全部注意力(attract)；使全神贯注(interest sb.very much)；使并入，吞并 ‎[应试指导]　过去分词作状语的考查 ‎[多词一义]　be absorbed in，be buried in，be occupied in，be busy in absorb one’s attention吸引某人的注意 absorb...from...从……中吸收……‎ absorbed adj.被……吸引住；专心致志；全神贯注 be absorbed in全神贯注于 be absorbed by/into被……吞并(吸引) Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.‎ 植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。‎ She was absorbed in the book.‎ 她专心于这本书。‎ ‎[思考题]‎ 表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus one’s attention on，devote...to，concentrate one’s mind on，apply oneself/one’s mind to，be addicted to等。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)用absorb的适当形式填空 ‎①When deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.‎ ‎②He had an absorbed look on his face.‎ ‎③—Where is Jimmy?‎ ‎—Just now I saw him sitting under the tree，absorbed in his video games.‎ ‎(2)He was so absorbed in TV that he forgot to sleep.‎ Absorbed in TV，he forgot to sleep. (用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)‎ ‎3 exchange n.交换；互换(giving and receiving)；交流(communication)；兑换；v.调换；交换；交流(communicate)；兑换(change) ‎[应试指导]　写作高频词汇：(1)交换生 exchange students　(2)交流思想 exchange thoughts/ideas exchange A for B 拿A换B exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物 in exchange for变换；交换 in exchange作为交换 He exchanged a quick smile with her and then entered the lift.‎ 他和她匆匆相视一笑，然后走进了电梯。‎ Knowledge exchange is never a oneway street.‎ 交流知识绝不是一条单行道。‎ ‎[图解助记]‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)语法填空 ‎①Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds?‎ ‎②I exchanged seats with Bill.‎ ‎③He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.‎ ‎(2)用动词exchange改写上题句③‎ He exchanged an apple with me for a piece of cake.‎ ‎4 curiosity n.好奇心；求知欲 with curiosity＝curiously好奇地 from/out of curiosity出于好奇 be curious about对……感到好奇 be curious to do...极想做……‎ It’s curious that...……是反常的；……不寻常 Ryle accepted more out of curiosity than anything else.‎ 赖尔更多的是出于好奇才同意的。‎ Don’t be too curious about things you’re not supposed to know.‎ 不该知道的事别去打听。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)The woman in the shop had looked at them curiously.‎ The woman in the shop had looked at them with curiosity.(用curiosity改写句子)‎ ‎(2)她没道别就离开了，这很反常。(翻译句子)‎ It’s very curious that she left without saying goodbye.‎ ‎5 ‎[应试指导]　(1)后跟非谓语动词句法功能的考查　(2)虚拟语气的考查 request sb.to do...请求某人做某事 request sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物 request that...(should) do...要求……‎ at one’s request＝at the request of sb.应某人的要求 She had requested that the door to her room be left open.‎ 她要求不要关闭通向她房间的门。‎ Vietnam made an official request that the meeting be postponed.‎ 越南已经正式请求将会议推迟。‎ ‎[特别提醒]‎ 动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为(should＋)动词原形。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 同义句改写 ‎(1)We requested Mr.Wang not to smoke in the office.‎ We requested that Mr.Wang (should) not smoke in the office.‎ ‎(2)It is requested that all the club members attend the annual meeting.‎ All the club members are requested to attend the annual meeting.‎ ‎6 ‎[应试指导]　作为高级词汇替换well known sb.be familiar with...某人对……熟悉 sth.be familiar to sb.某人熟悉……‎ be on familiar terms with熟悉……；关系亲近的，亲密的 The voice on the phone sounded familiar to me.‎ 电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。‎ He is a familiar figure in the neighborhood.‎ 他在这个地区是大家熟悉的人物。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 语法填空 ‎(1)Broadband networking technology is familiar to him.‎ ‎(2)You certainly seem to be on familiar terms with him.‎ ‎7 ‎[应试指导]　作为高级词汇替换care ‎[多词一义]　be cautious，take care，be careful，look out，watch out be cautious of/about对……很谨慎 be cautious to do小心做……‎ caution n.& v.小心；谨慎；警告 with caution小心地 caution sb.to do.../against doing...警告某人做/不做……‎ caution sb.for/about sth.因某事而警告某人 He is a man of caution.他为人处世谨慎。‎ He cautioned that opposition attacks on the ruling party would not further political cooperation.‎ 他告诫说，反对派对执政党的攻击并不能增进政治合作。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)语法填空 ‎①The governments are very cautious about setting a new policy and make no decision until they are quite sure it is the right one.‎ ‎②The teacher cautioned him against being late.‎ ‎③He has been cautioned(caution) not to be late several times already.‎ ‎(2)Those numbers need to be treated cautiously.‎ Those numbers need to be treated with caution.(将cautiously改为介词短语)‎ ‎8 ‎[多词一义]　belong to，own，possess belong to属于；是……的成员；应归入 belonging n.所属感 belongings n.所有物；财产 Put it back where it belongs.‎ 把它放回应放的地方。‎ All the workers belonging to the factory must obey the rule.‎ 这个工厂的所有工人必须遵守这个规定。‎ ‎[特别提醒]‎ belong to无被动语态，无进行时，后接名词的普通格或代词宾格。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 用belong的适当形式填空 ‎(1)The book belonging to him is on the desk.‎ ‎(2)Poetry written from the perspective of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.‎ ‎(3)He was identified only by his uniform and personal belongings.‎ ‎9 attach vt.把……固定，把……附在……上(fasten；join)；认为有重要性，重视(value)；vi.与……有联系(connect) ‎[应试指导]　非谓语动词句法功能的考查 attach sth.to...把某物连接到/附在……‎ attach oneself to依附……‎ attach importance/significance to...重视；认为……重要(有意义) attached adj.依恋的；附属于 be attached to被连接到……；爱慕；附属于 Across the stream，a man is trying to reach out on the edge of the bank for the fruit with a net attached to a pole.‎ 河对岸一个男子正把一个绑着网子的杆子伸过河岸去够水果。(北京·开放作文)‎ The old man is very attached to old customs and habits.‎ 这个老人非常依恋旧的风俗习惯。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①The hospital is attached to(附属于) that university.‎ ‎②You attached great importance to(太重视) what that man said.‎ ‎(2)He is so attached to the network games that he often plays truant.‎ ‎①So attached to the network games，he often plays truant.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)‎ ‎②Attaching himself to the network games so much，he often plays truant. (用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)‎ ‎10 ‎[应试指导]　on/to the contrary写作过渡词汇 on the contrary与此相反；恰恰相反 be contrary to与……相反；违反；对抗 quite/just the contrary恰恰相反 to the contrary与此相反地 Contrary to the doctor’s advice，he went swimming.‎ 他不听医生的忠告，跑去游泳。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 语法填空 ‎(1)You didn’t bother me.Just the contrary，I like your company.‎ ‎(2)I admit that your opinion is contrary to mine.‎ ‎(3)Brown said he was by no means annoyed；on the contrary he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.‎ ‎11 ‎[应试指导]　后跟复合宾语 on the spot当场；在现场 be spotted with满是……的斑点 spot sb.doing...发现某人做……‎ She has a white dress with blue spots.‎ 她有一件白底蓝点的连衣裙。‎ I finally spotted my friend in the crowd.‎ 我终于在人群中发现了我的朋友。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)The night sky is spotted with stars(满天星星).‎ ‎(2)I was on the spot(在现场) when the accident happened.‎ ‎(3)Meg spotted someone coming out of(看到有人出来) the building.‎ ‎1 used to do sth.过去曾经/常常做某事 be used to do sth.被用来做某事 Did he use to come by bus?‎ 他过去常常坐公共汽车来吗？‎ I used to play soccer with my brother every day.‎ 以前我每天都和哥哥踢足球。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)I used to get up late in the morning，but now I am used to getting up early.‎ 我过去早晨起床很晚，但是现在我已习惯于早起了。‎ ‎(2)I am still not used to using the knife that is used to cut bread.‎ 我仍不习惯使用那把用来切面包的刀子。‎ ‎2 see through看穿；识破 see to负责；照料；处理 see to it that...确保 see...as把……看作 I am to see off Mr.Brown this afternoon.‎ 今天下午我要为布朗先生送行。‎ We must see to it that the men are sent before midnight.‎ 我们要确保在午夜前将这批人员派出去。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ 用see短语的适当形式填空 ‎(1)I’ll see to it that he will not be late tomorrow.‎ ‎(2)He could see through her lies.‎ ‎(3)This was seen as an attempt to fool the voters.‎ ‎(4)Anne saw Terry off at the station.‎ ‎1 ‎ I don’t know what your expectations are of London，but knowing that you’ve never travelled outside of Asia，I thought I’d tell you a bit about what you can expect to find.我不知道您对伦敦有什么期望，但是我知道您从来没有到过亚洲以外的地方旅行，所以我应该告诉您一些这里您要知道的情况。‎ 现在分词短语作原因状语，该动词与句子的主语之间为主动关系；若是被动关系，则需用过去分词作状语。现在分词的完成式作状语时，用having done，其否定形式为not having done。现在分词短语作原因状语时，相当于as，since，because引导的原因状语从句。‎ Living far from the school，I have to get up early every morning.‎ 由于住的离学校较远，每天早晨我都要早早地起床。‎ Not knowing where I lived，he had to ask the way.‎ 因为不知道我住在哪里，他只好问路。‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ ‎(1)语法填空 ‎①Having been asked (ask) to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film.‎ ‎②Pressed (press) from his parents，and realizing (realize) that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.‎ ‎(2)Because he had finished all his homework，Mike went to play football with his friends.‎ Having finished all his homework，Mike went to play football with his friends.(用现在分词短语作原因状语改写句子)‎ ‎2 Would you mind giving me and my schoolmate a lift to school？你能让我和我的同学搭你的车去上学吗？‎ mind表示“介意，反对”，常用于下列句型：‎ Would/Do you mind doing...？请你做……好吗？‎ Would/Do you mind one’s doing...？某人做……你反对吗？‎ Would you mind if...did...？某人做……你介意吗？‎ Do you mind if...do...？某人做……你介意吗？‎ 应注意该句型的答语：表示不介意多使用：Of course not./Certainly not./No，not at all./No.Go ahead./No，please do./No，I don’t.；如果表示介意、反对，常用下列说法回答：I’m sorry，but you’d better not./I’m sorry，but it’s not allowed./Sorry，but I do.。‎ never mind可用于下列三种情况：回答别人的道歉；安慰别人；谢绝别人帮忙。它不用来回答含有mind的问句。‎ Do you mind if I use your phone?‎ 介意我用一下你的电话吗？‎ Would you mind if I went ahead of you?‎ 你介意我走在你前头吗？‎ ‎[夯实基础]‎ Do you mind me using your pen?‎ Do you mind if I use your pen？(改为复合句)‎ ‎3 单元语法 ‎——语法填空 ‎(1)I avoid meeting (meet) him，because I don’t like him.‎ ‎(2)I can’t afford to buy (buy) the car.‎ ‎(3)I didn’t mean to hurt (hurt) you.‎ ‎(4)In some places，missing a bus means waiting (wait) for another hour.‎ ‎(5)The man standing(stand) by the door is my English teacher.‎ ‎(6)The result of the game was disappointing (disappoint).‎ ‎(7)Don’t keep the children working (work) on their lessons all day.‎ ‎(8)The fire lasted a whole night，causing (cause) great damage.‎ 高考题组 Ⅰ.短文改错(2014·四川)‎ Hello，boys and girls！Today，I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.If you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.Stay close to your teacher and classmate.Don’t panic or get out of line，and trying to remain quiet and ‎ calmly.Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire，your teacher will lead us back to the classroom.If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt，tell your teacher immediately.‎ 答案 Hello，boys and girls！Today，I am going to talk what you should do when a fire alarm off.If you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.Stay close to your teacher and .Don’t panic or get out of line，and to remain quiet and .Soon the firefighters will come and put out fire.If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire，your teacher will lead back to the classroom.If you notice that when someone is missing hurt，tell your teacher immediately.‎ Ⅱ.写作常用句翻译 ‎1.相反，志愿者们坚持说他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活。(contrary)(2013·广东·基础写作)‎ On the contrary，volunteers insist that they have got tired of the life on the earth.‎ ‎2.不念旧恶也是一种美德，尤其在这样一个竞争激烈、压力巨大的社会中。(forgive)(2012·江苏·书面表达)‎ It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.‎ ‎3.他从小就没有离开过父母，因此他不习惯独自处理学校里的一切事情。(be/get used to)(2011·广东·读写任务)‎ He has never left his parents since he was a child，so he didn’t get used to dealing with everything in school independently.‎ 模拟题组 Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎1.Tony lent me the money，hoping (hope) that I’d do as much for him.‎ ‎2.The lecture，starting (start) at 7：00 pm last night，was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.‎ ‎3.Onethird of the country is covered (cover) with trees and the majority of the citizens are (be) black people.‎ ‎4.—Volunteering is becoming increasingly (increasing) popular in China.‎ ‎—Yeah，people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.‎ ‎5.She was so absorbed (absorb) in her job that she didn’t hear someone knocking at the door.‎ ‎6.Both students and parents appreciate the great importance schools have attached to eyesight ‎ protection.‎ ‎7.Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future belongs (belong) to the welleducated.‎ ‎8.In my opinion，life in the twentyfirst century is much easier than it used to be.‎ ‎9.The country life he was used to has changed (change) greatly since 1992.‎ ‎10.—How did he break his head while swimming?‎ ‎—Ignoring (ignore) my warning，he dived straight into the shallow water.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.She owes to herself to finish the work by the end of the day.owes后加上it ‎2.He forgot all about his homework completely，having absorbed in the computer games.去掉having ‎3.He didn’t turn up at last，just as expecting.expecting→expected ‎4.At arrival，they got down to the work immediately.At→On ‎5.He lay on the ground，stared into the distance.stared→staring ‎6.Where is the bag belongs to me？belongs前加上that/which或把belongs→belonging ‎7.We paid a visit to a hospital attached Beijing University.attached后加上to ‎8.—I hear you have changed your job.‎ ‎—On contrary，I’m still with the same company.On后加上the ‎9.Do you wake up every morning feel energetic and ready to start a new day？feel→feeling ‎10.The man is speaking to our head teacher is Tom’s father.去掉speaking前的is或man后加上who Ⅲ.写作句式升级训练 ‎1.As the number of English learners is on the rise，it’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.(素材来源于2014·江苏·书面表达)‎ With the number of English learners on the rise，it’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.(用with复合结构改写句子)‎ ‎2.As English words are getting more and more popular in both media and daily life，a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of them，which leaves the public divided into two opposing groups：“For” and “Against”.(素材来源于2014·江苏·书面表达)‎ With English words getting more and more popular in both media and daily life，a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of them，leaving the public divided into two opposing groups：“For” and “Against”.(用with复合结构及现在分词短语作状语改为简单句)‎ ‎(一)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 The major difference between a rabbit and a hare is that the young of a hare are born openeyed and furred.The rabbits’ young are born naked and with closed eyes.Hare are able to leave the nest soon after they are born but rabbits don’t even open their eyes for 7～10 days.Some people say that the length of the ears is part of the difference but the Arctic hare have short ears while hare outside of Arctic areas have long ears.‎ The Arctic hare look a lot different from the rabbits and the hare that you see anywhere outside of the Arctic.In the summertime the Arctic hare are brown with black flecks.This helps to camouflage it during the growing season.When the weather starts to change，the Arctic hare start to change too.So that during the winter its coat is completely white.This change helps to protect it during the winter.‎ The ears of an Arctic hare are so small to help keep the hare warm during the cold winters on the tundra(冻原)．The small ears do not have a lot of area to have the blood vessels exposed to the cold so more heat is kept down in the body to help the hare stay warm.‎ The Arctic hare have the world’s smallest “Big Foot”．The feet of an Arctic hare are huge compared to other rabbits.Having big feet is like having snowshoes.They help them to stay on top of the snow.If they could not do this，they wouldn’t be able to get away from their predators(掠食动物)．‎ The Arctic hare sit out on the tundra in large groups.Whenever threatened by a wolf or fox or other predators，they scatter in all directions.This makes it harder for them to be caught.It looks sort of like big snowballs jumping around the tundra.‎ ‎1．Which of the following is the characteristic of a hare?‎ A．Baby hare are born with their eyes closed.‎ B．Baby hare are born naked with their eyes open.‎ C．Hare’s feet are bigger compared with those of other rabbits.‎ D．Hare run in the same direction when faced with danger.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第四段中的“The feet of an Arctic hare are huge compared to other rabbits.”可知C项正确。从第一段可排除A、B两项，从最后一段可排除D项。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “camouflage” in the second paragraph mean?‎ A．To protect sth./sb.from cold.‎ B．To hide sth./sb.by looking like things around.‎ C．To strengthen sb./sth.to fit in with the environment.‎ D．To decorate sb./sth.to look more beautiful.‎ 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。由第二段的内容可知，北极兔的颜色会变化，其主要是为了适应环境，保护自己免受伤害。‎ ‎3．Why are the ears of an Arctic hare so small?‎ A．To help them stay warm.‎ B．To get away from their enemies.‎ C．To keep them healthier.‎ D．To protect their blood vessels.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话“The small ears do not have a lot of area to have the blood vessels exposed to the cold so more heat is kept down in the body to help the hare stay warm.”可知A项正确。‎ ‎4．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?‎ A．The Arctic hare have the world’s smallest feet.‎ B．The Arctic hare’s feet are big for their size.‎ C．The Arctic hare run away together in large groups.‎ D．The Arctic hare are easy to catch on the tundra.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“The Arctic hare have the world’s smallest ‘Big Foot’．”可知，它们的脚相对于它们的个头有点大，其余选项与事实不符。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 Just when I thought that life was dealing me hard blows，more blows came along.I 5 the meaning of life.No matter how hard I asked，there was no 6 from the walls of my bedroom.In the stillness of the night，huddled(蜷缩的) on my bed，I let my tears 7 and soon I was sobbing terribly.However，I was careful about my sobs 8 someone in the house should hear it.It was not entirely successful as a few sobs would 9 .‎ My poor little dog lay quietly at my feet and had a(n) 10 look in his eyes.Well，it wasn’t the first time that he had seen me 11 this way.When I was a teenager years ago，I thought that holding my tears 12 was a sign of strength.Now I know that tears 13 for me.‎ What I found amazing and amusing was that 14 comforted me.I learned that crying was form of stress release for me.It helped me get 15 in an unexplainable way.Usually I 16 to cry at bedtime when others were in bed.A box of tissues would be 17 drying my tears.Sometimes I cried so much that I had to walk 18 into the bathroom to wash my face.‎ The 19 morning，though looking a little tired because of the sobbing session，somehow I felt renewed and got a 20 of lightness.Magically，things didn’t seem that bad anymore.They ‎ were still frustrating but I had to 21 they weren’t lifethreatening.Of course my obstacles still remained but they didn’t appear as 22 as the last night.I am still alive and I take it as a sign that I have more time to enjoy life and more to give.‎ I then 23 the movie My Best Friend’s Wedding， 24 there is a bellman who delivered my favorite line，“My grandmother always said，‘This，too，shall pass.’”‎ ‎5．A.understood B．predicted C．questioned D．evaluated 答案　C 解析　作者在生活中碰到一个接一个的打击，所以“质疑”生活的意义。‎ ‎6．A.sign B．reply C．clue D．order 答案　B 解析　联系从句的意思，尤其是其中的asked可知，此处指“回应”。‎ ‎7．A.rise B．appear C．exist D．drop 答案　D 解析　根据空后的sobbing可知，此处是指作者让泪水滑落。‎ ‎8．A.in case B．now that C．even if D．as though 答案　A 解析　根据空前内容可知，作者小心哭泣，“以防”屋内有人听到。‎ ‎9．A.follow B．increase C．escape D．happen 答案　C 解析　根据句子的意思可知，有些哭泣的声音还是传了出去。‎ ‎10．A.interested B．embarrassed C．satisfied D．puzzled 答案　D 解析　根据语境可知，小狗安静地躺在作者的身边，用疑惑不解的眼神看着她。‎ ‎11．A.laughing B．crying C．whispering D．playing 答案　B 解析　根据上文可知，作者在哭泣，因此此处指小狗不止一次地看见作者这样“哭泣”。‎ ‎12．A.back B．up C．down D．on 答案　A 解析　作者年少时认为控制住泪水是力量的象征。hold back意为“抑制”。‎ ‎13．A.stop B．change C．flow D．work 答案　D 解析　根据下文的内容可知，现在作者知道泪水对自己起作用了，即哭泣能使自己放松。‎ ‎14．A.failures B．victories C．tears D．tasks 答案　C 解析　根据下一句内容可推知，作者发现泪水能够安慰自己。‎ ‎15．A.worried B．relaxed C．disappointed D．tired 答案　B 解析　根据空前内容可知，哭泣能够帮助作者变得轻松。‎ ‎16．A.chose B．refused C．planned D．agreed 答案　A 解析　此处指作者通常选择在其他人睡觉的时候哭泣。‎ ‎17．A.accepted B．delivered C．produced D．wasted 答案　D 解析　哭泣时要用很多纸巾擦眼泪，因此此处指会“浪费”很多纸巾。‎ ‎18．A.suddenly B．bravely C．quietly D．happily 答案　C 解析　因为是在晚上，其他人都睡了，所以作者要“悄悄地”来到洗手间。‎ ‎19．A.first B．next C．last D．other 答案　B 解析　根据语境可知，此处是指“第二天早晨”。‎ ‎20．A.sense B．promise C．dream D．piece 答案　A 解析　a sense of lightness意为“轻松感”。此处指作者前一天晚上哭过后，第二天就会感觉很轻松。‎ ‎21．A.explain B．think C．realize D．admit 答案　D 解析　根据上句以及but的转折意义可推知，作者不得不“承认”一些事情没有想象中那么严重。‎ ‎22．A.unimportant B．unbelievable C．impossible D．impolite 答案　C 解析　作者的一些困难仍然存在，但是它们不再像前一天晚上那样看似“不可能”解决。‎ ‎23．A.heard B．recalled C．returned D．called 答案　B 解析　作者“回忆”起《我最好朋友的婚礼》这部电影。‎ ‎24．A.where B．when C．how D．why 答案　A 解析　句中含有一个定语从句，先行词是前面提到的电影，说明从句的语境出现的地点，故用where引导。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 Today I received a sweet letter from Brianna，one of my “cookies”．It was wonderful to hear 25.from her.You see 26.when I taught kindergarten，I called all 27.my/the sweet children “cookies”．Brianna said that every day she would walk into kindergarten and see a smile 28.on my face.I named them “cookies” because I always feel that children can bring great happiness and 29.excitement (excite) to my life.I still feel that all children are the 30.greatest (great) joy I could ever have. So far I 31.have adopted(adopt) and taught children for over 35 years.All my children were 32.and are now a great joy of my life.33.Hopefully(hope)，I feel much fortunate to be able to use my life’s talent to teach children and have fun 34.doing(do) it every day.I am able to spread my wings and help my “cookies” to spread their wings.‎ ‎(二)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 Dinosaurs didn’t just wander around the Earth’s surface tens of millions of years ago.New evidence suggests that some of them also spent time underground.‎ Scientists searching through 95millionyearold layers of rock in southwestern Montana came across an unusual patch of sandstone.The material was sticking out of the surrounding rocks.‎ Inside the sandstone，they found a mass of small bones packed tightly together.Further study revealed that the bones came from one adult dinosaur and two young dinosaurs.All three belonged to a previously undiscovered species.‎ The researchers suspect that the sandstone mass shows where a tunnel used to be.At some point long ago，a flood of sand suddenly filled the cave，trapping and killing the dinosaurs living inside.That material later hardened into sandstone.‎ The piece of sandstone filling the tunnel was shaped like the letter S and was about 2.1 meters long.For most of the tunnel’s length，the stone measured about 30 cm wide and 45 cm tall.At the end of the tunnel，where the bones were found，the sandstone mass was about 45 cm wide.‎ The scientists don’t think the dinosaurs were dragged into the cave by a flesheating animal.One reason is that the skeletons were missing very few bones.Also，there were no bite marks on the bones.Among other bonebased evidence，the shape of the dinosaurs’ forearms shows where strong digging muscles would have been.And their wide hips suggest that the creature could have supported itself while digging.‎ The new fossils(化石) are the best evidence yet that some dinosaurs dug caves and lived in them，the researchers say.The young skeletons were nearly twothird the size of an adult.That supports a theory that some dinosaurs took care of their young.The finding also suggests that digging dinosaurs could have been more common than scientists previously thought.‎ The researchers have named the new species Oryctodromeus cubicularis，which means “digging runner of the den”．‎ ‎1．From the passage，we learn the sandstone .‎ A．was found through the hard work of scientists B．was found in northwestern Montana C．was 95 million years old D．contained clues about a new species of dinosaur 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段的内容可知，在沙石内部发现了恐龙新物种的骨骼，故选D。‎ ‎2．The underlined word “revealed” in Paragraph 3 means “ ”．‎ A．suggested B．realized C．predicted D．noticed 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“the bones came from one adult dinosaur and two young ‎ dinosaurs”和接下来的内容可知，进一步的研究表明这些骨骼来自一种新的恐龙物种。reveal这里表示“表明，揭示”，故选A。‎ ‎3．Why were the dinosaurs found dead in the cave?‎ A．They fought against each other and were hurt and died there.‎ B．A flood of sand suddenly appeared，killing the dinosaurs living inside.‎ C．They were killed by a flesheating animal and dragged into the cave.‎ D．They were killed by a flesheating animal and their skeletons were buried there.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由第四段中的“a flood of sand suddenly filled the cave，trapping and killing the dinosaurs living inside”可知选B。‎ ‎4．What do the new fossils prove?‎ A．All the dinosaurs took care of their young.‎ B．Dinosaurs just wandered around the Earth’s surface.‎ C．Dinosaurs could have supported themselves while digging.‎ D．Some dinosaurs dug caves and lived in them.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段的第一句可知D项正确。A、B、C三项均与文章内容不符。‎ Ⅱ.阅读填空 Are you feeling anxious about your test next week？Here are some tips that will help you in dealing with stress and anxiety.‎ Study regularly One of the most important ways of avoiding test anxiety is to prepare well in advance.Study regularly for a few hours every day. 5 ‎ Reduce study pressure If students are not able to deal with anxiety or nervousness，they could talk to their teachers，student counselors(辅导员)，parents or friends.Parents should also avoid pressurizing their kids to do well. 6 Then your children can study without any tension(紧张)．Another important point that arises here is neither the students nor the parents should compare the children with their other classmates and friends.‎ Physical fitness ‎ 7 Many times due to anxiety students avoid sleep and starve themselves.They should sleep for at least 6－7 hours a day and eat nutritious and healthy food.Exercising regularly is equally important as talking to friends and socializing(社交)．‎ ‎ 8 ‎ Plan your studies well.Chart out a timetable and take proper breaks between studying.Along with the study time，allot(分配)time to relax and do what you love to do.Practicing simple breathing techniques will also help reduce stress.‎ ‎ 9 While it is important to gain good scores in tests，it is not the most important thing in life.Learning to deal with nervousness and stress will not only help them to do well in school tests，but also in their future life.‎ A．Prepare schedule B．Listen carefully in class C．Do not forget to eat and sleep properly.‎ D．It helps in increasing the confidence of students.‎ E．Create a peaceful and relaxing atmosphere at home.‎ F．Students should remember that tests are just a part of life.‎ G．Test and exam time causes a lot of nervousness in students.‎ 答案　5.D　6.E　7.C　8.A　9.F Ⅲ.短文改错 Dear Editor，‎ I am a senior high school student.Recently I’ve found that more and more students had mobile phones on their own.‎ They think them a fashion to have one ever since it’s very easy to keep in touch with their friends.However，some often takes their mobiles to the classroom.Sometimes we are disturbed by a suddenly ring.What’s bad，some even send messages in class wasted much of their time.‎ Our classroom is what we give all our attention to what we need to learn.The less we are disturbed in class，the better our achievements will be.Therefore，when a lesson is on，no mobile phones should be allowed to brought into the classroom.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案 Dear Editor，‎ I am a senior high school student.Recently I’ve found that more and more students mobile phones their own.‎ They think a fashion to have one ever since it’s very easy to keep in touch with their friends.However，some often their mobiles to the classroom.Sometimes we are disturbed by a ‎ ring.What’s ，some even send messages in class much of their time.‎ Our classroom is we give all our attention to ‎ what we need to learn.The less we are disturbed in class，the better our achievements will be.Therefore，when a lesson is on，no mobile phones should be allowed to brought into the classroom.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅳ.书面表达 ‎4月4日，香港演员成龙(Jackie Chan)连发数条微博，欲将自己收藏的四栋古建筑捐献给新加坡一所大学作教学之用。消息一经发布，立即引起一片争议。对此，你班有人赞成，认为此举有利于保护文物；也有人反对，认为搬迁容易造成文物损坏，而且这些文物属于中国，这种行为会伤害中国人的情感。‎ 假如你是高三学生张明，请给某英语报社写一封信，介绍你班的讨论结果，并阐明自己的观点。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；‎ ‎3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Editor，‎ Recently，our class had a heated discussion about whether Jackie Chan should donate four ancient buildings to a university in Singapore.We have different opinions about it.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours truly，‎ Zhang Ming 参考范文 Dear Editor，‎ Recently，our class had a heated discussion about whether Jackie Chan should donate four ancient buildings to a university in Singapore.We have different opinions about it.‎ Some of my classmates are in favor of it for the reason that these buildings can be well kept with Singapore’s advanced technology.Once they’re settled there，we still can go to study and visit them.‎ The others are against the donation.They believe that the ancient buildings belong to China，each of which shows the essence of Chinese architecture.The donation may unavoidably hurt all the ‎ Chinese because these treasures cannot be appreciated at home.What’s more，these buildings may easily be damaged while being moved.‎ As far as I’m concerned，these cultural relics should remain in China，because they are national treasures and we have the ability to protect them well.Meanwhile，we should make people aware of how proud we are to have these ancient buildings!‎ Yours truly，‎ Zhang Ming