2019届一轮复习外研版必修四Module4GreatScientists单元学案设计（教师版）（32页word版）

2019届一轮复习外研版必修四Module4GreatScientists单元学案设计（教师版）（32页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习外研版必修四Module 4 Great Scientists单元学案设计 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．biochemistry n．　　　　　 生物化学 ‎2．biology n. 生物学 ‎3．botany n. 植物学 ‎4．genetics n. 遗传学 ‎5．zoology n. 动物学　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎6．staple adj.　　　　　　　 主要的；重要的 ‎7．nickname n. 绰号 ‎8．breeding n. 培育 ‎9．species n. (动物或植物的)种 ‎10．yield n. 产量　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎11．sterile adj.　　　 　　　 (指生物)不孕育的；不结果实的 ‎12．cash crop n. 经济作物 ‎13．hybrid n. 杂交种 ‎14．bestseller n. 畅销书(或唱片等)‎ ‎15．cosmology n. 宇宙生成学；宇宙论 ‎16．motor neurone disease n. 运动神经元病　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎17．brilliant adj.　　　　　　 聪颖的；才华横溢的 ‎18．relativity n. 相对论 ‎19．rocket n. 火箭 ‎20．millennium n. 千年 ‎21．gunpowder n. 火药 ‎22．arrow n. (弓)箭　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎1．producer n．　　　　　　　 生产者 ‎2．leading adj. 主要的 ‎3．figure n. 人物 ‎4．educate vt. 教育 ‎5．agriculture n. 农业　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎6．original adj.　　　　 　　 原来的；最初的 ‎7．publish vt. 出版 ‎8．breakthrough n. 突破 ‎9．support vt. 支持 ‎10．production n. 产量　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎11．convert vt.　　　　 　 　 改变；转换 ‎12．export_vt. 出口 ‎13．agricultural adj. 农业的 ‎14．replace vt. 取代；以……代替 ‎15．quantity n. 数量　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎16．quality n．　　　　　　 　 质量 ‎17．diagnose_vt. 诊断 ‎18．victim n. 受害者 ‎19．career n. 生涯；经历 ‎20．brief adj. 简短的；简洁的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎21．partly adv.　　　　 　 　 部分地；在一定程度上 ‎22．physical adj. 身体的 ‎23．graduate vi. 毕业 ‎24．personal adj. 个人的 ‎25．explosion n. 爆炸；爆炸声　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎26．explode vi.　　　　 　 　 爆炸 ‎27．escape vi. 逃跑；逃避 ‎28．straight adj. 直的 ‎29．clear vi. (烟雾)消散 ‎30．bring_up 培养；养育　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十一屏听写]‎ ‎31．as_a_result_of　　　　　　 由于……的结果 ‎32．be_known_for 因……而出名/闻名 ‎33．earn_one's_living 谋生 ‎34．come_to_power 掌权　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅 读 单 词 ‎1.biochemistry n．　生物化学 ‎2．biology n. 生物学 ‎3．botany n. 植物学 ‎4．genetics n. 遗传学 ‎5．zoology n. 动物学 ‎6．staple adj. 主要的；重要的 ‎7.nickname n．　　绰号 ‎8．breeding n. 培育 ‎9．species n. (动物或植物的)种 ‎10．yield n. 产量 ‎11．hybrid n. 杂交种 ‎12．bestseller n. 畅销书(或唱片等)‎ ‎13.brilliant adj.　　聪颖的；才华横溢的 ‎14．relativity n. 相对论 ‎15．rocket n. 火箭 ‎16．millennium n. 千年 ‎17．gunpowder n. 火药 ‎18．arrow n. (弓)箭 表 达 单 词 ‎1.leading adj.　　　　　　主要的 ‎2．figure n. 人物 ‎3．publish vt. 出版 ‎4．breakthrough n. 突破 ‎5．support vt. 支持 ‎6．convert vt. 改变；转换 ‎7．replace vt. 取代；以……代替 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．The majority of people in the town strongly support (支持) the plan to build a playground for children.‎ ‎2．Surgeons have made a great breakthrough (突破) in the kidney transplantation.‎ ‎3．He published (出版) his first novel when he was eighteen years old.‎ ‎4．Some teenagers tend to quit when they get into a mess from which they can't escape (逃脱)．‎ ‎8．victim n. 受害者 ‎9．partly adv. 部分地；在一定程度上 ‎10．escape vi. 逃跑；逃避；逃脱 ‎11．clear vi. (烟雾)消散 ‎5．Most of the flood victims (受害者) had to leave all their things behind.‎ ‎6．We have to deal with the emotional and physical (身体的) problems that go along with obesity.‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.producer n．生产者→produce vt.生产→production n．生产；产量→product n．产品 ‎2．educate vt.教育→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者 ‎3．agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的 ‎4．original adj.原来的；最初的→origin n．起源→originate vi.起源 ‎5．export vt.出口→import vt.进口 ‎6．brief adj.简短的；简洁的→briefly adv ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．The government is attaching more importance to educating the younger generation.In a sense, it is the duty of every educator to do what they can for the cause of education of China.(educate)‎ ‎2．Though she explained the topic briefly,_we still learned a lot from her brief words.(brief)‎ ‎3．Two bombs exploded in the centre of our city and the explosion caused seven deaths.(explode)‎ ‎4．This word originated from a Latin word and the original meaning was quite different from what it is today.(origin)‎ ‎5．After graduation,_he is one of the graduates who have graduated this year and are looking for a ‎.简短地 ‎7．graduate vi.毕业 n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业 ‎8．personal adj.个人的→personally adv.就个人而言→personality n．个性；人格 ‎9．explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸；爆炸声 ‎ job.(graduate)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.bring_up　　　　　　　　　培养；养育 ‎2．the_key_to_(doing)_sth. (做)某事的关键 ‎3．experiment_with 对……进行实验 ‎4．bring_in 引进 ‎5．carry_out 实施；履行 ‎6．as_a_result_of 由于……的结果 ‎7．be_known_for 因……而出名/闻名 ‎8．be_diagnosed_with 被诊断患有……疾病 ‎1.As_a_result_of the big fire, thousands of people lost their homes.‎ ‎2．Some uneducated and unskilled people earn_their_living by doing manual labor.‎ ‎3．New technology has been brought_in since China was open to the outside world.‎ ‎4．Scientific farming is ‎ ‎9．earn_one's_living 谋生 ‎10．come_to_power 掌权 the_key_to the further development of agriculture.‎ ‎5．The artists had little faith in the political leader who came_to_power after the war.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.In Stephen Hawking's case it was discovered that he was a brilliant scientist. ‎ 就史蒂芬·霍金的情况来说，人们发现他是一个卓越的科学家。‎ It is/was＋过去分词＋that从句。‎ 据报道，在这次事故中没有乘客受伤。‎ It_is_reported_that no passengers were injured in the accident. ‎ ‎2.The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction. ‎ 这些管子被绑在一根长木棍上，这根木棍能使火箭直线前进。‎ keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语。‎ 很抱歉让你等了三个小时。‎ I am sorry for having kept_you_waiting for three hours.‎ ‎3.Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the world'‎ 现在分词短语作结果状语。‎ 今年夏天南方雨下得很大，导致几个省份严重洪灾。‎ It rained heavily in the south this ‎ s first astronaut? ‎ 或者他被带到了太空中数英里的地方，成为了世界上第一个宇航员？‎ summer, causing_serious_flooding_in_several_provinces.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.make_a_decision　　　 做决定 ‎2.make_a_mess 弄得一团糟 ‎3.make_a_mistake_in_... 在某方面犯错误 ‎4.look through 浏览 ‎5.look up to 钦佩；仰慕 ‎1.serious enough　　　 足够认真 ‎2.at the picnic 在野餐 ‎3.run through the field 跑过田野 ‎4.shout back angrily 生气地回应 ‎5.talk back 顶嘴；反驳 ‎1.light pollution　　　　　　光污染 ‎2.ecosystem n. 生态系统 ‎3.noise pollution 噪音污染 ‎4.environmental protection 环境保护 ‎5.at the top of the food chain在食物链的顶端 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．support vt.& n．支持；拥护；支撑；供养 ‎ ‎[教材原句]　The research was supported by the government.‎ 这项研究得到了政府的支持。‎ ‎(1)support sb.in sth.　　　 在某方面支持某人 support a (one's) family/oneself 养家糊口/自力更生 ‎(2)come to one's support 来支持某人 with one's support 在某人的支持下 in support of 支持；拥护 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①These measures are strongly supported (support) by environmental groups.‎ ‎②We support the police wholeheartedly in their work against crime.‎ 句型转换 ‎③Some experts have spoken to support the ban of drunk driving.‎ ‎→Some experts have spoken in_support_of the ban of drunk driving.‎ 补全句子 ‎④He's looking for a new job, one where he can get more money to support_his_family.‎ 他正在寻找一份新工作，一份能赚到更多钱以养家糊口的工作。‎ ‎2．quantity n．数量；大量 ‎ ‎[经典例句]　The data is limited in terms of both quality and quantity.‎ 这份资料在质量和数量上都很有限。‎ a large (good)/small quantity of　　 大/少量的 large quantities of 大量的；许多的 in quantity 大量地 in quantity and quality 在数量和质量上 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity.‎ ‎②With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are_being_washed (wash) away.‎ ‎③A large quantity of air conditioners has_been_sold (sell) since the summer came.‎ 补全句子 ‎④Your work has improved in_quantity_and_quality this term.‎ 本学期你的工作在数量和质量上都有所提高。‎ ‎[名师指津]　a quantity of/large quantities of既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词的复数形式，但当它作主语或其修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般根据quantity的单复数形式而定。‎ ‎3．escape v．&n.逃跑；逃脱；避开；(气体、液体等)漏出；被遗忘 ‎ ‎[教材原句]　The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.‎ 中国人发现从管子中冒出的气体能使它升到天空中去。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中escape的含义 ‎①Without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cat's paw.逃脱 ‎ ‎②Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe, he sounded the alarm.漏出 ‎ ‎③That particular day, my brother and I sat through both movies twice, trying to escape the heat.避开 ‎ ‎④I remembered seeing him somewhere before, but his name ‎ escaped me for the moment.被遗忘 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎(1)escape (doing) sth.　　 逃脱(做)某事 escape from/out of ... 从……逃跑/逃走 escape sb./one's attention/notice ‎ 被某人遗忘/逃过某人的注意 ‎(2)have a narrow escape 九死一生；幸免于难 单句语法填空 ‎⑤Only with the greatest of luck did she manage to escape from the rising flood waters.‎ ‎⑥He escaped being_killed (kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.‎ ‎4．clear vi.(烟雾)消散；变清澈；(天)变晴vt.使清澈；使清楚，消除，扫清 adj.清澈的；晴朗的；清晰的；畅通的 ‎ ‎[教材原句]　When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.‎ 当烟雾散去后，万虎和他的座椅都消失了。‎ ‎(1)clear away　　　　 清除；驱散；拿走；收拾 clear up (天)放晴；整理；清理；消除(误会)‎ clear one's throat (说话前)清嗓子 ‎(2)make ...clear 阐明；清楚表明 It is clear that ... 显然……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It's raining now, but I think it will clear up soon.‎ ‎②Cities like Beijing suffer from terrible smog, and rain can help clear away air pollution.‎ ‎③Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.‎ 补全句子 ‎④It_is_clear_that mobile phones have become popular among teenagers and changed their way of life.‎ 显然，手机在青年中很普遍并且改变了他们的生活方式。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Most people hold the belief that education (educate) can change one's fate.‎ ‎2．They have converted the spare room into a study, where children can read or do their homework.‎ ‎3．The force of the explosion (explode) broke all the windows in the building.‎ ‎4．The old man entered the room supported (support) by his grandson.‎ ‎5．After graduation (graduate), he went to work, first as a teacher, then government officer.　‎ ‎6．The murderer tried to escape being_caught (catch) by the police but in vain.‎ ‎7．It's said that increased oil production (produce) can account for the drop in oil prices.‎ ‎8．This is a copy of the famous picture, and the original (origin) work is now in the British Museum.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．His first book published last year and it turned out to be a bestseller.published前加was ‎ ‎2．Personal, I think he is a very good man, but you may not agree. Personal→Personally ‎ ‎3．Large quantities of money has been spent in bringing up his children so far.has→have ‎ ‎4．On brief, practice is far more important than book knowledge. On→In ‎ ‎5．His confident words have cleared out our doubts about how the plan will be carried out.cleared后的out→up Ⅲ.根据提示词补全句子/一句多译 ‎1．科学家在治疗这种疾病方面已有所突破。(breakthrough)‎ Scientists have_made_a_breakthrough in their treatment of the disease.‎ ‎2．我将举双手支持校园内禁止吸烟。(support n．)‎ I'll raise both hands in_support_of_banning_smoking inside the schoolyard.‎ ‎3．我以前听过这支歌曲，但我想不起它的歌名了。(escape)‎ I've heard this song before but its name escapes_me/my_memory.‎ ‎4．我的老板明确表示下个月我们中三分之一的人将不得不离开。(clear)‎ My boss made_it_clear_that one third of us will have to leave next month.‎ ‎5．大量的水被污染了，因此湖泊闻起来很难闻。‎ ‎①Large_quantities_of_water_have_been_polluted,_so the lake ‎ smells terrible. (quantities)‎ ‎②A_large_quantity_of_water_has_been_polluted,_so the lake smells terrible. (quantity)‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．earn one's living谋生 ‎[教材原句]　He got a job in an office to earn his living.‎ 他在一家事务所工作以谋生。‎ make one's living＝earn one's living 谋生 earn one's own living 自食其力 earn extra money/a fortune 挣取额外收入/大钱 earn sb. praise/a good reputation 为某人赢得赞扬/好名声 选用上述短语填空 ‎①The company has earned_a_good_reputation for reliability.‎ ‎②Since his parents died early, he had to earn_his_own_living when he was a teenager. ‎ ‎③Most people on the island earn/make_their_living mainly by fishing.‎ ‎④Mary often does some translation work to earn_extra_money,_which accounts for half of her income.‎ ‎2．come to power掌权；上台；执政 ‎ ‎[教材原句]　He left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US.‎ 希特勒上台时，他离开了德国，去美国工作了。‎ in power　　　　　　　　 当权 beyond one's power 不能胜任 within/in one's power 有能力；力所能及 选用上述短语填空 ‎①I will do everything in/within_my_power to help you.‎ ‎②It is quite beyond_my_power. I'm determined to give it up.‎ ‎③The government in_power is devoted to the improvement of education.‎ ‎④When the new ruler came_to_power,_he made peace with all his former enemies. ‎ ‎3．keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语 The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep_the_rocket_moving in a straight direction.‎ 这些管子被绑在一根长木棍上，这根木棍能使火箭直线前进。‎ keep sb./sth.doing sth.“让某人/某物一直做某事”。keep用于复合结构，其宾语补足语可以是介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词等。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It is necessary that we keep the young generation informed (inform) of the current affairs.‎ ‎②The question kept me wondering (wonder) for the rest of the night. ‎ 补全句子 ‎③It can prevent us from getting shortsighted and it can keep_us_physically_healthy.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)‎ 它能够使我们免于近视，而且能使我们身体健康。‎ ‎④For another, spending too much time on entertainment will only keep_us_away_from ‎_our_studies.‎ 另一方面，在娱乐上花费太多时间只会让我们远离学业。‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．He once earned_his_living by selling vegetables in Qingdao.‎ ‎2．After he came_to_power,_he took a series of measures to improve people's life.‎ ‎3．Suzhou, which is the place I want to visit this summer, is_known_for its beautiful gardens.‎ ‎4．The attack is believed to have been carried_out during the early morning hours.‎ ‎5．After his wife was_diagnosed_with breast cancer, he spent all of his time looking after her.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子 ‎1．保护环境的关键是让人们意识到环境的重要性。(the key to)‎ The_key_to_protecting_the_environment is to let people realize the importance of environment.‎ ‎2．孩子们被要求保持教室干净整洁。(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语)‎ Children are requested to keep_the_classroom_clean_and_tidy.‎ ‎3．当谈到养育孩子时，大家都认为它不是一项轻松的任务。(bring up)‎ When_it_comes_to_bringing_up_children,_everybody agrees that it's not an easy task.‎ ‎4．这个五岁的孩子由于在车中被锁的时间太长而死亡。(as a result of)‎ The fiveyearold boy died as_a_result_of_being_locked in the car for too long.‎ ‎5．建议你与不同性格或背景的人交朋友。(It is＋过去分词＋that从句)‎ It_is_suggested_that you should make friends with people having different characters or backgrounds.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示进行句式升级 ‎1．The manager promised to inform us of how our business was going on.(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语)‎ ‎→The manager promised to keep_us_informed_of how our business was going on.‎ ‎2．More highways have been built in China, which makes it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.(现在分词短语作结果状语)‎ ‎→More highways have been built in China, making_it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.‎ ‎3．The book is said to have been translated into several languages.(It is/was＋过去分词＋that从句)‎ ‎→It_is_said_that the book has been translated into several languages.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法 ‎　　——复习被动语态和by doing Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Another subway will_be_built (build) to ease the traffic jam in our city next year.‎ ‎2．If the agreement is_reached (reach), the war will come to an end soon.‎ ‎3．The number of the tourists who would like to come to China has_risen (rise) in the past years.‎ ‎4．More than a house is_being_built (build) at present in the north of the city for the victims of the earthquake.‎ ‎5．The hotel succeeded in attracting more guests by improving (improve) the service.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Because of the heavy fog, the flight to America has put off until 7：30 the next day.put前加been ‎ ‎2．I told that there would be someone to meet me at the station, but there wasn't any.told前加was ‎ ‎3．The water was felt cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 去掉was ‎ ‎4．He lost his ability to speak, so he had to communicate with others by used sign language. used→using ‎ ‎5．We encouraged to think for ourselves, which is quite different from what I have experienced before. encouraged前加are ‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作 ‎　　 练缩写——让语言更凝练 ‎[题目要求]‎ 屠呦呦，中国第一位赢得诺贝尔医学奖的女科学家。请把下面作文缩写成60词左右的短文，简要介绍屠呦呦。注意保留加红部分。‎ Tu Youyou, the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel prize in ‎ science, has made us all proud. Tu, born in 1930, Artemisinin (青蒿素), a drug that has reduced the death rates for patients suffering from malaria (疟疾). Artemisinin is a gift for the world people from the traditional Chinese medicine. It is of great importance for curing malaria and other infectious diseases and for protecting the health of the world people.‎ Tu's winning the prize shows that China has made rapid progress in scientific and technological field and marks a great contribution of traditional Chinese medicine to the cause of human health.‎ In 2011, Tu became the first scientist in China to win America's Lasker Award (拉斯克奖) for her achievements. Graduating from the Beijing Medical College in 1955, she is chief researcher and professor at a research institute in Beijing.‎ ‎[答案示例]‎ Tu Youyou was born in 1930 and graduated from the Beijing Medical College in 1955. She discovered a drug belonging to the traditional Chinese medicine. As a result, she is the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel prize in science, which shows that China has made rapid progress in scientific and technological field and marks a great contribution of traditional Chinese medicine to the cause of human health.‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·南昌市十校模拟) Tour operators have seasonal deals on holidays to Canada, Australia and other countries in a new year.‎ Austravel Holidaymakers can save up to 30% on a trip to Australia with the Austravel sale, which runs for about a month. It also includes a fortnightlong trip to Perth and a west coast selfdrive trip from ￡795pp including flights in May or July.‎ ‎•austravel.com Canadian Affair The leading UK tour operator to Canada will be offering savings of up to ￡140pp during its winter sale. This includes a threenight city break to Toronto, including return flights, for just ￡399, if you book before 24 December. Other deals continue until 31 December.‎ ‎•canadianaffair.com Thomson and First Choice Some deals are being launched this week by Thomson and First Choice, with early booking offers including free places for kids, lower deposits and up to ￡300 off per couple on a lot of destinations.‎ ‎•thomson.co.uk, firstchoice.co.uk Eurocamp The camping company is offering thousands of Easter and May halfterm holidays for under ￡350, such as an Easter break at La Baume on the French Riviera for just ￡25 a night, based on a stay in a twobedroom holiday home. Early bookers can save up to 25% and secure a holiday with a deposit of just ￡99.‎ ‎•eurocamp.co.uk Kuoni Running from Christmas Eve, the Kuoni sale includes a wide range of offers. These offers include ten nights full board in the Maldives from ￡1,599 and seven nights in Phuket, Thailand from ￡999 per person —‎ ‎ both including flights and transfers (换乘)．‎ ‎•kuoni.co.uk ‎1．How long may you stay in Perth with Austravel?‎ A．One month.　　　　　　　 B．Two weeks.‎ C．One week. D．Four nights.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Austravel部分中的“It also includes a fortnightlong trip to Perth”可知，Austravel提供给游客为期14天的珀斯之游。fortnight意为“两周，十四天”。‎ ‎2．What does the author say about Thomson and First Choice?‎ A．It requires no deposit.‎ B．It offers cheap return flights.‎ C．It is suitable for family travel.‎ D．It can save up to ￡300 per person.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据Thomson and First Choice部分中的“including free places for kids, lower deposits and up to ￡300 off per couple”可知，Thomson and First Choice提供对孩子免费的地方，以及针对夫妇的折扣。所以它对家庭出游来说很合适。‎ ‎3．What do Eurocamp and Kuoni have in common?‎ A．Both have various offers.‎ B．Both include flights.‎ C．Both offer a discount for early booking.‎ D．Both need a deposit to secure a holiday.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据Eurocamp部分中的“The camping company is offering thousands of Easter and May halfterm holidays”可知，Eurocamp提供数千种假日出游选择；根据Kuoni 部分中的“the Kuoni sale includes a wide range of offers”可知，Kuoni也为游客提供各种各样的出游选择。所以选A。‎ B ‎(2018·武汉市调研测试)Elon Musk was born in South Africa, in 1971. A crazy fan of computers, by the age of twelve, Musk had written the code (代码) for his own video game, which he sold for a profit.‎ He attended Queen's University in Canada, and transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, where he earned two bachelor's degrees, economics and physics. He was admitted to Stanford University in California, intending to earn a PhD in energy physics.‎ First Company — Zip2 Corporation In 1995, at the age of 24, Musk dropped out of Stanford University after just two days of classes to start his first company Zip2 Corporation. It was an online city guide that provided content for the new online versions of The New York Times and the Chicago Tribune newspapers. In 1999, Musk got $22 million from the sale of Zip2.‎ Online Banking In 1999, Elon Musk started X．com with $10 million dollars from the sale of Zip2.X.com was an online bank, and he was credited with inventing a method of securely transferring money using a receiver's email address.‎ PayPal In 2000, X．com bought a company called Confinity, which had started an Internet moneytransfer process called PayPal.Elon Musk dropped the online banking focus to concentrate on becoming a global payment transfer provider. In 2002, eBay bought PayPal for $1.5 billion.‎ Space Exploration Technologies In 2002, Elon Musk started SpaceX. He is a longstanding member of the Mars Society, a nonprofit organization that supports the exploration of Mars, and Musk is interested in building a greenhouse on Mars. SpaceX has been developing rocket technologies to enable Musk's project.‎ Tesla Motors In 2004, Elon Musk cofounded Tesla Motors, of which he is the only product architect. Tesla Motors builds electric vehicles. The company has built an electric sports car, the Tesla Roadster.‎ SolarCity In 2006, Elon Musk cofounded SolarCity, a photovoltaic (光电的) products and services company with his cousin Lyndon Rive.‎ ‎4．What was Elon Musk gifted in when he was young?‎ A．Economics. B．Physics.‎ C．Energy. D．Coding.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“A crazy fan of computers, by the ... which he sold for a profit.”可知，埃隆·马斯克是一位疯狂的电脑迷，十二岁时他就为自己的视频游戏写代码并获利了；据此可知，他小时候就有写代码的天赋，故D项正确。‎ ‎5．Which of the following provides international payment transfer service?‎ A．X.com. B．Confinity.‎ C．PayPal. D．eBay.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据PayPal部分的第二句“Elon Musk dropped the online banking focus to concentrate on becoming a global payment transfer provider.”‎ 可知，PayPal提供国际转账支付服务，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．What has SpaceX been doing to help achieve Musk's project? ‎ A．Sponsoring the Mars Society.‎ B．Developing rocket technologies.‎ C．Building a greenhouse on Mars.‎ D．Supporting the exploration of Mars.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Space Exploration Technologies部分的“SpaceX has been developing rocket technologies to enable Musk's project.”可知，美国太空探索技术公司(SpaceX)一直在研究开发火箭技术，帮助埃隆·马斯克实现他的项目(目标)，故B项正确。‎ ‎7．What is Tesla Motors noted for?‎ A．Its electric vehicles.‎ B．Its photovoltaic products.‎ C．Its service as a city tourist guide.‎ D．Its business with other companies.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Tesla Motors部分，尤其是该部分的第二句“Tesla Motors builds electric vehicles.”可知，Tesla Motors是生产电动汽车的公司，故A项正确。‎ C ‎(2018·安徽师大附中测试)Whenever something looks interesting or beautiful, there is a natural desire of us to capture (捕捉) and preserve it — which means, in this day and age, that we are likely to reach for our phones to take a picture.‎ Though this would seem to be an ideal solution, there are two big problems associated with taking pictures. Firstly, we are likely to be so busy taking pictures that we forget to look at the world whose beauty and ‎ interest encourage us to take a photograph in the first place. And secondly, because we feel the pictures are safely stored on our phones, we never get around to looking at them, so sure are we that we'll get around to them one day.‎ The first person to notice the problems was the English art critic (评论家), John Ruskin. He was a keen traveler who realized that most tourists make a poor job of noticing or remembering the beautiful things they see. He argued that humans have a natural tendency to respond to beauty and desire to have it, but there are better and worse expressions of this desire. At worst, we get into buying souvenirs or taking photographs. But, in Ruskin's eyes, there's just one thing we should do — attempting to draw the interesting things we see, regardless of whether we happen to have any talent for doing so.‎ Ruskin said, “Drawing can teach us to see: to notice properly rather than gaze absentmindedly. In the process of recreating with our own hands what lies before our eyes, we naturally move from a position of observing beauty in a loose way to one where we acquire a deep understanding of its parts.”‎ Ruskin deplored the blindness and hurry of modern tourists, especially those who prided themselves on traveling around the whole Europe in a week by train, “No changing of places at a hundred miles an hour will make us stronger, happier, or wiser.There was always more in the world than men could see, if they ever walked slowly; they will see it no better for going fast. The really precious things are thoughts and sights, not pace.”‎ ‎8．According to Paragraph 2, when taking pictures, people tend to ________.‎ A．forget to appreciate something attractive on the spot B．find it hard to learn skills of taking good pictures C．find a good way to keep things in their minds D．have a chance to meet the challenge of new technology 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Firstly, we are likely to be so busy ... in the first place.”可知，人们忙着拍照而忘了欣赏风景。‎ ‎9．According to Ruskin, what should travelers do to best express their appreciation of and desire for something beautiful?‎ A．To speak it out openly.‎ B．To photograph it instantly.‎ C．To purchase it immediately.‎ D．To paint it directly.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“But, in Ruskin's eyes, there's just ... whether we happen to have any talent for doing so.”可知，Ruskin认为，旅游者把自己看到的美景直接画下来就是对美景欣赏的最好表达。‎ ‎10．From the fourth paragraph, we can infer that Ruskin encourages us to be ________.‎ A．considerate and determined B．active and adventurous C．creative and thoughtful D．sensitive and ambitious 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段的“In the process of recreating with our own hands ... we acquire a deep understanding of its parts.”可推知，Ruskin鼓励我们要有创造性，对景观要有深刻的理解。‎ ‎11．The underlined word “deplored” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “________”．‎ A．appreciated B．criticized C．favored D．ignored 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据最后一段的“the blindness and hurry of modern tourists”并结合Ruskin的主张可推知，deplore意为“批判，不赞成”，故选B。‎ D Scientists recently discovered three tyrannosaur (霸王龙) trackways in Canada. The trackways suggest the meat eaters traveled and hunted in groups. The 70millionyearold footprints are the first tyrannosaur trackways ever found. ‎ Tyrannosaurs were a type of meateating dinosaur that included the strong Tyrannosaurus rex and Albertosaurus. “Groups of tyrannosaurs may have stuck together as a group to increase their chances of bringing down animals and individually surviving，” study coauthor Richard McCrea says. He works for Canada's Peace Region Palaeontology Research Centre. It's believed that tyrannosaurs were_solitary_creatures. The newly discovered trackways could change the way scientists look at these frightening beasts.‎ Trackways can uncover a lot about the social behavior of a species. Unfortunately, very few tyrannosaur footprints have ever been found, and until recently, the only ones known were single prints discovered in Mongolia, the western U．S., and western Canada. But in October 2011, a hunting guide named Aaron Fredlund found two tyrannosaur track marks near Tumbler Ridge, an area in the foothills of the Canadian Rockies.‎ ‎ Over the next year, McCrea and his team searched the site and found the remaining trackways.‎ The footprints are at about the same depth, which suggests the tyrannosaurs moved through the area at the same time. Impressions of the dinosaurs' rough skin are even visible in the prints. The prints are also in nearperfect condition. That's because the ground had a high clay (黏土) content when the dinosaurs walked through the area. The land was later covered by a thick layer of volcanic ash, which kept the marks intact (完整的). “This is the most ideal situation you could ask for，” McCrea says.‎ Researchers aren't sure of the exact species of tyrannosaur that left the prints. But the historic findings show a great deal about how the beasts moved and behaved. “We have extremely convincing evidence that tyrannosaurs traveled in groups，” says McCrea. “This is probably the most important evidence to come out to date on that topic.”‎ ‎12．What do the underlined words “were solitary creatures” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Caused others to be scared.‎ B．Usually had animal meat as food.‎ C．Usually spent much time alone.‎ D．Were able to live for a long time.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“The newly discovered trackways could change the way scientists look at these frightening beasts.”可知，科学家发现霸王龙是集体捕食的，这就推翻了以前对它们捕食行为的看法，可知以前霸王龙被认为是单独行动的动物。‎ ‎13．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?‎ A．The means of footprints.‎ B．The discovery of tyrannosaur footprints.‎ C．The protection of tyrannosaur footprints.‎ D．The study results of tyrannosaur footprints.‎ 解析：选B　段落大意题。第三段主要说明了在历史上霸王龙脚印分别在哪些地方被发现。‎ ‎14．Why were the tyrannosaur footprints well protected?‎ ‎ A．The dinosaurs left deep footprints.‎ ‎ B．The natural condition was perfect.‎ ‎ C．The area was untouched by humans.‎ D．The geological activities were active.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“That's because the ground had a high clay (黏土) ... which kept the marks intact (完整的)．”可知，霸王龙的脚印保存完好是因为有利的自然环境。 ‎ ‎15．Which of the following will McCrea most probably agree to？　‎ A．More tyrannosaur footprints would be found.‎ B．The social behaviors of dinosaurs are similar.‎ C．The mystery of tyrannosaur remains to be solved.‎ D．The findings are the basis of the research of dinosaurs.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Researchers aren't sure of the exact species of tyrannosaur that left the prints.”可知，关于霸王龙的一些迷仍未解开。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2018·兰州市高三诊断考试)What makes people successful? Take a look around and talk to your friends and seniors who are very successful, you will see all of them have adopted certain values which have proved ‎ important for their success.‎ It is evident that successful people take initiative (主动性). When they find something needs to be done, they never hesitate to do it.__1__ They weigh immediately what has to be done and then do it with pleasure, thus strengthening their reputation.‎ Successful people do things with great enthusiasm, especially when they believe in what they are doing. They are motivated by their own satisfaction and the joy they get from doing their work. __2__‎ They do not fear failure. Failures and disappointments in life are unavoidable. __3__ Successful people pick themselves up after a fall and try again with more determination and commitment and learn from each failure. They associate with those they can learn from and enjoy the company of those appreciating their achievement.‎ Having a good IQ often gets a person what he wants but it's really the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high reputation.__4__ By giving respect to others, they command respect for themselves.‎ ‎__5__ It's better to praise others and win favor with them. So instead of complaining about a situation, successful people always try to solve it.‎ A．Successful people never complain.‎ B．Successful persons don't make excuses.‎ C．They work hard even when no one is watching.‎ D．They believe that responsibility is taken, not given.‎ E．It's failure that teaches us much more than success.‎ F．It's hard to be successful if you don't trust the people around you.‎ G．Successful people are polite to everyone and treat others with ‎ respect.‎ ‎1选D　根据第二段第一句“It is evident that successful people take initiative (主动性)．”可知，成功的人往往积极主动，而不是被动接受任务，所以选D项。‎ ‎2．选C　根据上文中的“They are motivated by their own satisfaction and the joy they get from doing their work.”可知，因为成功人士能够从工作中得到满足和乐趣，所以他们会自己努力，不需要别人监督，故选C项。‎ ‎3．选E　根据下文中的“Successful people pick themselves up after a fall and try again with more determination and commitment and learn from each failure.”可知，E项“正是失败教会我们更多，而不是成功”符合语境，故选E项。‎ ‎4．选G　根据下文中的“By giving respect to others, they command respect for themselves.”可知，G项“成功人士礼貌待人，尊敬他人”符合语境，故选G项。‎ ‎5．选A　最后一段主要讲的是成功人士不抱怨，总是努力解决问题，故选A项作本段的主题句。‎