2019届一轮复习北师大版必修一Unit1Lifestyles单元学案设计（46页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版必修一Unit1Lifestyles单元学案设计（46页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版必修1Unit1Lifestyles单元学案设计 ‎ [一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．suppose vt.认为，猜想　　　　　 2.switch vt.转换，转变 ‎3．midnight n._午夜，半夜 4.expert n._专家 ‎5．sickness n._疾病 6.advertisement n．广告 ‎7．classic adj._古典的_ 8.solve vt.解决；解答 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．complain vi.抱怨；投诉 2.reduce vt.减少；降低 ‎3．stand vt.忍耐，忍受 4.otherwise adv.否则；另外 ‎5．matter vi.要紧，有重大关系 6.design n．&vt.设计 ‎7．suffer vi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛 8.crowded adj.拥挤的 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎*1.peaceful adj.平静的；和平的→peace n．和平→peacefully adv.和平地；平静地 ‎*2.relaxing adj.轻松的，放松的→relax vt.&vi.放松→relaxed adj.松懈的；放松的 ‎3.urgent adj.急迫的，紧急的→urgently adv.急迫地，紧急地→urgency n．紧急；催促→urge vt.催促；极力主张 ‎4.bored adj.厌烦的，不感兴趣的→boring adj.令人厌烦的；无聊的 ‎*5.stress n．压力→stressful adj.充满压力的，紧张的 ‎6.social adj.社交的；社会的→society n．社会 ‎7.organise vt.组织→organisation n．组织→organiser n．组织者 ‎*8.prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿→preference n．喜好；偏爱 ‎*9.volunteer n．志愿者 vt.&vi.自愿去做→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的 ‎*10.graduate vi.毕业 n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业 ‎*11.challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的 ‎12.formal adj.正式的，合礼仪的→informal adj.非正式的 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．The retired teacher prefers to listen to traditional Chinese music and develops a preference for classical Chinese music.‎ ‎2．I don't want to work under stress and I am eager for a job that isn't stressful. ‎ ‎3．The peaceful people hoped that the dispute was to be solved peacefully and a peace agreement could be signed as soon as possible.‎ ‎4．He was a volunteer of this activity, always volunteering to do some voluntary jobs.‎ ‎5．As a graduate who graduated from a key university, he was offered a satisfactory job after graduation. ‎ ‎6．I find the new job challenging,_but I am fully prepared to meet the challenge.‎ ‎7．In order to relax yourself after work, you can listen to some relaxing songs and you will be relaxed soon.‎ ‎ [话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．biscuit /'bɪskɪt/ n．　　　 饼干 ‎2．chocolate /'tʃɒklət/ n. 巧克力 ‎3．cookie /'kʊki/ n. 小甜饼 ‎4．dessert /dɪ'zɜːt/ n. 甜点 ‎5．sweet /swiːt/ n. 甜食；甜点； 糖果 ‎6．bacon /'beɪkən/ n. 咸猪肉；熏猪肉 ‎7．mutton /'mʌtn/ n. 羊肉 ‎8．steak /steɪk/ n. 牛排，肉排，鱼排 ‎9．sausage /'sɔːsɪdʒ/ n. 香肠，腊肠 ‎10．vegetable /'vedʒitəbl/ n. 蔬菜 ‎11．cabbage /'kæbɪdʒ/ n. 卷心菜，洋白菜 ‎12．carrot /'kærət/ n. 胡萝卜 ‎13．eggplant /'eɡplɑːnt/ n. 茄子 ‎14．garlic /'ɡɑːlɪk/ n. 大蒜 ‎15．mushroom /'mʌʃrʊm/ n. 蘑菇 ‎16．onion /'ʌnjən/ n. 洋葱 ‎17．fruit /fruːt/ n. 水果 ‎18．grape /ɡreɪp/ n. 葡萄 ‎19．lemon /'lemən/ n. 柠檬 ‎20．swallow /'swɒləʊ/ vt. 吞下；咽下 ‎21．chew /tʃuː/ vt. 咀嚼 ‎22．digest /'daɪ'dʒest/ vt. 消化，吸收 ‎23．nutrition /njuː'trɪʃn/ n. 营养 ‎24．delicious /dɪ'lɪʃəs/ adj. 美味的，可口的 ‎25．tasty /'teɪsti/ adj. 味道好的 ‎26．tasteless /'teɪstləs/ adj. 无滋味的 ‎27．bitter /'bɪtər/ adj. 苦的，有苦味的 ‎28．salty /'sɔːlti/ adj. 咸的，含盐的 ‎29．pressure /'preʃər/ n. 压迫，压力 ‎30．harmful /'hɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的 ‎31．poisonous /'pɔɪzənəs/ adj. 有毒的，致命的 ‎32．unhealthy /ʌn'helθi/ adj. 不健康的 ‎33．severe /sɪ'vɪə(r)/ adj. 严厉的；严重的 ‎34．strawberry /'strɔːbəri/ n. 草莓 ‎35．pineapple /'paɪnˌæpl/ n. 菠萝 ‎36．melon /'melən/ n. (甜)瓜 ‎37．watermelon /'wɔːtəmelən/ n. 西瓜 ‎38．cherry /'tʃeri/ n. 樱桃 ‎[二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎[课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.go_off (铃、爆竹等)响 　　　　　 *2.take_up 占据；开始从事； 拿起 ‎*3.be_filled_with 充满着 *4.suffer_from 忍受，遭受 ‎　5.at_the_moment 此刻，目前 　 6.over_the_years 数年间 ‎*7.as_a_result 结果 　 8.get_changed 换衣服，更衣 ‎　9.take_turns_to_do_sth. 轮流做某事 　10.play_a_role/part_in 在……中起作用 ‎*11.look_forward_to 盼望，期望 　 12.as_well_as 除……之外还；和 ‎*13.make_a_difference 有影响；起作用 ‎　14.switch_on/off 把……打开，接通/把……关掉，关上 ‎*15.come_up_with 追上，赶上；想出，找到 ‎(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．We are really looking_forward_to seeing you again.‎ ‎2．When the bell goes_off,_you should stop writing on the papers.‎ ‎3．Millions of people suffer_from a serious lack of sleep caused by long work hours.‎ ‎4．It is often the little details that make_a_difference.‎ ‎5．She couldn't come_up_with a solution to the problem, so she turned to me for help.‎ ‎6．Being an explorer, Tom found that his life was_filled_with challenges and risks.‎ ‎7．It was foggy this morning. As_a_result,_our flight was delayed.‎ ‎8．We need to encourage more people to take_up the project because it lacks labor force.,[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．keep a balanced diet　 保持均衡饮食 ‎2．form a good health lifestyle 养成好的生活习惯 ‎3．be/go on a diet 节食 ‎4．be rich/abundant in 富含……‎ ‎5．be high/low in 含……高/低 ‎6．unhealthy eating habit 不健康的饮食习惯 ‎7．to one's taste 合某人的口味 ‎8．recover from 从……中恢复 ‎9．be infected with 传染上 ‎10．put on weight 增加体重 ‎11．become/get overweight 变得肥胖 ‎12．break down (身体)垮掉 ‎13．do exercise 锻炼 ‎14．be under medical treatment 在治疗中 ‎15．relieve the pain 减轻痛苦 ‎16．build up 增强 ‎17．take one's temperature 量体温 ‎18．be of great benefit to ... 对……有好处 ‎ [三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．while引导并列句，表转折对比 ‎[例句]　I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.‎ ‎[仿写]　北京的冬天很冷，然而昆明的冬天却很暖和。‎ The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm.‎ ‎2．so ...that ...引导结果状语从句 ‎[例句]　Usually, it's so crowded that I can't find anywhere to sit.‎ ‎[仿写]　他如此粗心以致忘了在试卷上写名字。‎ He was so_careless_that he forgot to write his name on the paper.‎ ‎3．the same ... that ...“和……一样”‎ ‎[例句]　We don't have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.‎ ‎[仿写]　我们英语老师穿着昨天的那件衣服。‎ Our English teacher wore the_same_clothes_that he did yesterday.‎ ‎[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．Don't eat too much junk food, which does great harm to your health.‎ 不要吃太多的垃圾食品，这对你的健康很有害。‎ ‎2．The key to keeping fit/healthy is to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.‎ 保持健康的关键是健康饮食和经常运动。‎ ‎3．Generally speaking, the foods that are high in sugar are not ‎ healthy.‎ 一般说来，含糖量太高的食物不健康。‎ ‎4．This activity makes us realize how important it is to form the healthy eating habit!‎ 这次活动让我们认识到养成健康的饮食习惯是多么重要！‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ How to keep healthy is very important for us. Here are some tips for you. ‎ First, we should keep a balanced diet to build up our body. We need plenty of nutritious foods, such as fish, beans, fresh fruit and vegetables every day. Second, doing more exercise is needed instead of studying all the time. Third, as we all know, having enough sleep is of great benefit to us. Staying up late does great harm to our health. ‎ In a word, we should form a healthy lifestyle and keep a good mood.‎ 如何保持身体健康对我们来说很重要。这里给你提出几点建议：‎ 首先，我们应当均衡饮食来增强体质。我们每天都需要大量的有营养的食物，例如鱼、豆类、新鲜水果和蔬菜。第二，需要多参加锻炼而不是整天学习。第三，众所周知，充足睡眠对我们很有益，熬夜对我们的健康有害。‎ 总之，我们要养成健康的生活方式并保持好心情。‎ ‎[第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．matter vi.要紧，重要；有重大关系n.物质；问题；毛病 ‎　[教材原句]　As long as I get good marks in my tests, it doesn't matter if I can speak English or not.‎ 只要我能在考试中得高分，我是否会讲英语并不重要。‎ ‎(1)It doesn't matter.　　　　　 没关系。‎ It matters/doesn't matter (to sb.)＋主语从句 ‎　 (对某人来说)……有关系，重要/没关系，不重要 ‎(2)a matter of ... (是)一个……的问题 to make matters worse ＝ what's worse ‎ 更糟糕的是 ‎①It_doesn't_matter_to_me if I miss my train, because there's another one later.‎ 如果我这次误了火车也没有关系，因为稍后还有一班。‎ ‎②I got up late today. To_make_matters_worse/What's_worse,_I met a traffic jam.‎ 今天起床晚了。更糟糕的是，我遇到了交通堵塞。‎ ‎③He told the telephone operator that his call was a_matter_of life and death. ‎ 他告诉接线员，他的电话是有关生死攸关的重要事情。‎ ‎2．suppose v．理解；认为，猜想；假想；设想 ‎　[经典例句]　Getting a visa isn't as simple as you might suppose.(牛津P2030)‎ 办签证不像你想的那么容易。‎ ‎(1)suppose sb./sth.(to be) ...　　 认为某人/某事……‎ be supposed to do 应该做 be supposed to have done 本该做(而未做)‎ I suppose so 我想是这样的 I suppose not＝I don't suppose so 我想不会的 ‎(2)suppose/supposing (that) ... 假使……；假定……‎ ‎①You're supposed to_buy (buy) a ticket, but not many people do.‎ 按说你应当买票，但买的人不多。‎ ‎②Supposing/Suppose (suppose) that there was an earthquake, what would be the right way to escape? ‎ 如果发生地震，正确的逃生方法是什么呢？‎ ‎③The bus is supposed to arrive half an hour ago.‎ ‎＝The bus is_supposed_to_have_arrived half an hour ago.‎ 公交车本来应该在半小时之前到达的。‎ ‎[名师点津]　suppose/supposing (that)以及assuming (that), providing/provided (that), given (that)可以作连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“如果，假如”，表示一种假设条件。‎ ‎④Supposing/Suppose/Assuming/Providing/Provided/Given ‎(that) your car should break down on the road, what would you do then?‎ 假如你的车子在路上抛锚，那你怎么办？‎ ‎3．prefer vt.更喜欢，宁愿 ‎　[教材原句]　I prefer meeting people in small groups. ‎ 我比较喜欢和小部分人会面。‎ ‎(1)prefer doing/to do sth.　 更喜欢做某事 prefer sth.to sth. 喜欢某物胜过某物 prefer sb.to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事 ‎(2)prefer doing ...to doing ...‎ ‎＝prefer to do ... rather than do ...‎ ‎＝would do ... rather than do ...‎ ‎＝would rather do ... than do ...‎ ‎ 宁愿做……而不愿做……‎ ‎(3)preference n. 喜爱，偏爱 have a preference for ... 偏爱……‎ ‎①Nowadays many children prefer surfing (surf) the Internet at home to taking (take) exercise outdoors.‎ 如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。‎ ‎②After all, all kids prefer to_be_praised (praise) rather than be_scolded (scold)．‎ 毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评。‎ ‎③A polar bear has a preference (prefer) for cold weather.‎ 北极熊偏爱寒冷的天气。‎ ‎[名师点津]　(1)prefer不用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。‎ ‎(2)prefer意为like better，不能说prefer more/better。‎ ‎4．stand vt.忍耐，忍受 ‎　[教材原句]　I can't stand talking in front of the class.‎ 我无法忍受在全班同学面前讲话。‎ ‎(1)can't stand (doing) sth. 无法忍受(做)某事 can't stand (sb.) doing sth.‎ ‎ 无法忍受(某人)做某事 ‎(2)stand out 突出，引人注意；出色 stand by 支持，帮助；做准备；袖手旁观 stand for 代表；象征；主张 ‎①I can't stand people smoking (smoke) while they're eating.‎ 我无法忍受人们吃饭时吸烟。‎ ‎②What was it that made the young man stand_out among these candidates?‎ 是什么使得这个年轻人在这些候选人中脱颖而出的呢？‎ ‎③In China, these Chinese knots _stand_for_ friendship, love and good luck.‎ 在中国，中国结代表友谊、爱和好运。‎ ‎[名师点津]　stand作“容忍，忍受”讲时，后接动词ing形式作宾语，常用于否定句和疑问句中，无进行时态，也不用于被动语态。‎ ‎5．design n．&vt.设计；安排；图案；意图；计划 ‎　[经典例句]　The shoes were of good design and good quality.‎ 这些鞋样式新颖，质量上乘。‎ ‎(1)by design　　　　　　　 故意地 ‎(2)design ... as ... 打算把……作……用 design sb. to do/be ... 打算让某人做某事/成为 be designed to do sth. 目的是/打算做某事 be designed for 为……所设计 ‎(3)designer n. 设计师，设计者 ‎①The programme is designed to_help (help) people who have been out of work for a long time.‎ 这项计划的目的是为长期失业者提供帮助。‎ ‎②She arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was by accident or by_design I'm not sure.‎ 她刚好在我们正要离开时到达，但我不能肯定这是出于偶然还是故意。‎ ‎③The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.‎ 这种方法是专为小组活动设计的。‎ ‎[自主练通词汇]‎ ‎1．complain vi.抱怨；投诉 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎①He who makes constant complaint (complain) gets little compassion.‎ ‎②A number of customers make complaints about the lack of parking facilities.‎ ‎③他向我抱怨伙食不佳。‎ He complained_to_me_about the food.‎ ‎④现在，我写此信意在投诉贵宾馆的服务。‎ I am now writing to make_a_complaint_against/about the service of your hotel.‎ ‎2．stress n．压力 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎①Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.‎ ‎②Believe it or not, it is a stressful (stress) time for all of us.‎ ‎③‎ 我完全赞同苏珊的观点：对于一个好的礼物，我们应当重视送礼者的心意而不是它的价格。‎ I support Susan's opinion completely that as for a good gift, we ought to lay_stress_on the giver's heart rather than its price.‎ ‎④我们原谅了他脾气不好，因为我们知道他儿子的病使他承受了很大的压力。‎ We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son's illness had_put_him_under_great_stress.‎ ‎3．suffer vi.感到疼痛，遭受(痛苦)‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①It is hard to imagine the pain and suffering (suffer) they went through during the winter months.‎ ‎②He has suffered from the lung cancer for many years.‎ ‎③The sufferer (suffer) has decided to give up smoking.‎ ‎(2)用现在分词短语作状语连接练习②、③‎ ‎④Having_suffered_from_the_lung_cancer_for_many_years,_the_sufferer_has_decided_to_give_up_smoking.‎ ‎[点拨]　(1)suffer vt.“遭受；蒙受”，后常接pain, loss, defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, damage等名词作宾语。‎ ‎(2)suffer vi.后常接from，表示“受……折磨；受……之苦；患某种疾病”。‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．I can't stand people complaining (complain) around me when I'm working. ‎ ‎2．A lot of people often forget that oral exams are designed to_test (test) our communicative ability.‎ ‎3．The old man is said to have gone through varieties of sufferings (suffer) during the war.‎ ‎4．All his workmates suppose him to_be (be) an expert in this field.‎ ‎5．Nothing is more stressful (stress) than going on a business trip with our boss.‎ ‎6．My dad prefers me not to_swim (swim) in that river because it's too dangerous.‎ ‎7．It doesn't matter to me what you do and how you do it.‎ ‎8．If you have a complaint (complain) about your holiday, please inform us in writing.‎ ‎9．He played the violin, and he stood out from all the other musicians.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Is the global warming the matter of life and death to mankind？第二个the→a ‎2．Supposed you've made some progress, you should not be proud.‎ Supposed→Suppose/Supposing ‎3．Mrs. Jones complains the doctor that her back always hurts.complains后加to ‎4．It is true that we may suffer from failure from time to time.去掉第一个from ‎5．Many children prefer to playing games on the computer rather than play outside.‎ playing→play ‎6．I don't know whether they did it by accident or on design.on→by/design→purpose Ⅲ.单句写作(句型转换/一句多译)‎ ‎1．I will support you for ever whenever it is.‎ ‎①I will stand by you for ever whenever it is.‎ ‎②I will be in support of you for ever whenever it is.‎ ‎2．The school being built at present is said to be intended for the disabled children.‎ ‎→The school being built at present is said to be designed for the disabled children.‎ ‎3．If it rains tomorrow, we'll put off the sports meet till next week.‎ ‎→Suppose/Supposing it rains tomorrow, we'll put off the sports meet till next week.‎ ‎4．比起乘公共汽车，他更愿意步行回家。‎ ‎①He_prefers_to_walk_home_rather_than_take_a_bus.(prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)‎ ‎②He_prefers_walking_home_to_taking_a_bus.(prefer doing sth. to doing sth.)‎ ‎③He_would_walk_home_rather_than_take_a_bus.(would do sth. rather than do sth.)‎ ‎④He_would_rather_walk_home_than_take_a_bus.(would rather do sth. than do sth.)‎ ‎5．他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。‎ ‎①He stressed_the_importance_of a good education.(stress v．)‎ ‎②He laid/placed/put_stress_on_the_importance_of a good education.(stress n．)‎ ‎6．重要的是它是否来自你的内心。‎ ‎①It_matters_whether it comes from your inner heart. (it) ‎ ‎②What_matters_is_whether it comes from your inner heart.(what)‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．go off(铃、爆竹等)响；爆炸；离开；(食物等)变质；变差；不再喜欢 ‎　[教材原句]　I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.‎ 我一般在闹钟响前大约5分钟醒来。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中go off的含义 ‎①I've gone off tea. Please give me some coffee.不再喜欢 ‎②The bomb was set to go off in three hours.爆炸 ‎③Meat goes off quickly in the hot weather.(食物等)变质 ‎④The guard loosened the dogs when the burglar alarm went off.(铃)响 go against　　　　 反对，违背；不利于 go ahead 开始；进行 go over 复习；检查 go through 浏览；经历；仔细检查；穿过 ‎⑤They were always ready to go_through fire and water for their motherland.‎ 他们随时准备为祖国赴汤蹈火。‎ ‎⑥We should go_over the language points once again before the test.‎ 我们应该在考试前把知识点再复习一遍。‎ ‎2．take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间)‎ ‎[教材原句]　Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.‎ 会议、电话不断，占据了白天的大部分时间。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出句中take up的含义 ‎①You should take up my suggestion and start saving money.接受 ‎②She took up the receiver and began to dial the number.拿起 ‎③Important people don't often have much free time as their work takes up all their time.占用(时间)‎ ‎④Let me sum up last lesson; after that we'll take up a new lesson.继续 ‎⑤After he retired from office, my father took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.开始从事 take in　　　　　　　　 吸收；收留；欺骗；领会 take on 雇用；承担(工作、责任)；呈现 take over 接管 take ... for granted 认为……理所当然 ‎⑥Technology is here to help us, but we should not allow it to take_over our lives.‎ 技术是用来帮助我们的，但我们不应让它来接管我们的生活。‎ ‎⑦The chameleon can take_on the colours of its background.‎ 变色龙可以变成周围环境的颜色。‎ ‎3．at the moment此刻，目前；那时 ‎[教材原句]　At the moment I'm studying medicine at a university.‎ 现在我正在一所大学学习医学。‎ at any moment　　　　 随时，马上 for the moment 目前，暂时 for a moment 一会儿 in a moment 马上，过一会儿(常用于将来时)‎ the moment (that) 一……就……‎ ‎①This house is big enough for_the_moment,_but we'll have to move if we have children.‎ 这房子现在还够大，但是如果有了孩子，我们还得搬家。‎ ‎②They would just drop in on us for a chat at_any_moment.‎ 他们随时都会来我们这儿聊天。‎ ‎③I found myself in an entirely new world the_moment I arrived in Beijing.‎ 我一到北京就感到耳目一新。‎ ‎4．Usually, it's so crowded that I can't find anywhere to sit.‎ 通常地铁很拥挤，以至于我找不到坐的地方。‎ ‎　(1)句中包含了so ...that ...固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，so后跟形容词或副词，在句中引导结果状语从句。其结构如下：‎ ‎①We did so_well_that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.(2016·北京高考书面表达)‎ 我们做得如此好，以至于我们被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。‎ ‎②There is so_much_work_to_do_that I won't be able to take off this ‎ year.‎ 有如此多的工作要做，以至于我今年没有时间休假。‎ ‎(2)such ... that ...“如此……以至于……”。‎ ‎③He has made such_great_progress_that the teachers are pleased with him.‎ 他进步很快，老师们对他感到很满意。‎ ‎[名师点津]　(1)little既有“少”的意思，又有“小”的意思。当“少”讲时后接不可数名词，用so修饰；当“小”讲时后接可数名词，用such修饰。‎ ‎(2)在上述结构中，当so或such位于句首时，主句用倒装结构。‎ ‎④So fast_does_he_run that nobody in our class can catch up with him.‎ 他跑得非常快，以至于我们班没人能追上他。‎ ‎5．We don't have the_same work hours that office workers in the city have.‎ 我们和城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。‎ ‎　本句使用了the same ... that句型，先行词之前有the same作定语时，引导定语从句的关系词只能用that或as。‎ ‎(1)the same ( ...) that意为“和……一样”，定语从句中that所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。‎ ‎(2)the same ( ...) as ...意为“和……一样，和……相似”，定语从句中as所指代的人或物与先行词是同一类。‎ ‎①This is the same iPhone 8 that I bought the other day.‎ 这是我前几天买的那部苹果8手机。(同一个)‎ ‎②She has the same fair hair and blue eyes as her mother has.‎ 她和母亲一样有着金黄色的头发和蓝色的眼睛。(同一类)‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.用go短语填空(go over/go against/go off/go through)‎ ‎1．If you go_against nature, it will punish you.‎ ‎2．Go_over your homework before you hand it in.‎ ‎3．The lawyers went_through the evidence given by the witness.‎ ‎4．We haven't a fridge and the milk goes_off within a day in the hot weather.‎ Ⅱ.用take的相关短语完成下面语段(take on/take over/take in/take up/take off)‎ 昨天，我偶然遇到了一位老朋友。他原来在一所中学担任兼职教学工作。他告诉我，两年前，他决定从商，他的妻子接替了他的工作。现在，他的事业开始腾飞。过了几分钟我才理解他所说的。‎ Yesterday I came across an old friend of mine. He had 1.taken_on a parttime teaching job in a middle school. He told me that two years ago, his wife 2.took_over his work after he decided to 3.take_up business, and now, his career started 4.taking_off. It was several minutes before I could 5.take_in what he was saying.‎ Ⅲ.句型转换/补全句子 ‎1．He spoke so loudly that even people in the next room could hear him.‎ ‎→So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.‎ ‎2．She is such a lovely girl that we all like her.‎ ‎→She is so lovely a girl that we all like her.‎ ‎3．我们不能以为父母给孩子钱是理所当然的。‎ We shouldn't_take_it_for_granted_that parents should give their children money.‎ ‎4．快点！他随时都会回来。‎ Hurry up! He'll be back at_any_moment.‎ ‎5．我得说此刻我感到非常愉快。‎ I must say I am really enjoying myself at_the_moment.‎ ‎6．我摔了那么多跤以至于浑身青一块紫一块的。‎ I have_had_so_many_falls_that I'm black and blue all over.‎ ‎7．这是我前几天丢的那辆自行车。‎ This is the_same_bike_that I lost the other day.‎ ‎8．这辆自行车和我前几天丢的那辆属于同一款自行车。‎ This is the_same_bike_as I lost the other day.‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 at the moment， take up， be filled with， be designed for， remote， suffer from， prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.， go off， switch on ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①汤姆目前工作努力，工作占据了他大部分时间。‎ Tom is working hard at__the_moment,_and work takes_up most of his time.‎ ‎②生活中充满了挑战，机遇是为那些勤奋的人而设计的。 ‎ Life is_filled_with challenges and chances are_designed_for those hardworking people.‎ ‎③每年他都要去很远的地方工作。‎ He goes to_a_remote_place for work every year.‎ ‎④他宁愿忍受远离家乡的痛苦，也不愿做一个终日懒散在家的人。‎ He prefers_to_suffer_from being far away from his home rather_than_become a couch potato.‎ ‎⑤每天闹钟一响他就起床，开始忙碌的一天。‎ Every day, when his alarm clock goes_off,_he gets up and starts a busy day.‎ ‎⑥他很繁忙，下班后也没有时间打开电视看电视连续剧。‎ He is very busy, so he has no time to switch_on_the_TV to watch the TV series after work.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用独立主格结构改写句①‎ Tom_is_working_hard_at_the_moment,_work_taking_up_most_of_his_time.‎ ‎(2)用so ...that ...改写句⑥‎ He_is_so_busy_that_he_has_no_time_to_switch_on_the_TV_to_watch_the_TV_series_after_work._‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in one's opinion, so, the moment)‎ Tom is working hard at the moment, work taking up most of his time. In his opinion, life is filled with challenges and chances are designed for those hardworking people, so he goes to a remote place for work every year. He prefers to suffer from being far away from his home rather than become a couch potato.‎ Every day the moment his alarm clock goes off, he gets up and starts a busy day. He is so busy that he has no time to switch on the TV to watch the TV series after work. ‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　‎ ‎[本单元突破点——when引导的定语从句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 I get to bed around midnight when my wife and children are already asleep.‎ 这是一个主从复合句，I get to bed around midnight是主句，when my wife and children are already asleep是定语从句。‎ 最近，这个基金会又开展了一项运动叫国家红围巾日——这是人们捐献20美元和戴红围巾支持加拿大那些饥饿和无家可归的人的日子。‎ 真题长难句 More recently，the foundation began anothercampaign called National Red Scarf Day? — a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada'shungry and homeless.(2017·北京高考)‎ 这是一个主从复合句，the foundation began anothercampaign called National Red Scarf Day是主句，when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada'shungry and homeless是定语从句，修饰先行词a day。注意此处a day是National Red Scarf Day的同位语。‎ ‎ “社会生活”‎ 是高中新课程标准24个话题之一。该话题包括社会经济、生活方式、风俗文化、文化交流与社会礼仪等子话题。在高考试题中，社会生活类话题占了非常大的比重。它常以中西文化差异作为选材的重点，以风俗、交际、礼仪、语言、价值观、生活习惯等为主题。从近几年的高考试题看，该话题在听力、阅读、完形和七选五中都有涉及，是高考考查的重点之一。‎ 一、话题与听力 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A．School friends.‎ B．Teacher and student.‎ C．Librarian and library user.‎ ‎12．Why does Jim suggest Mary buy the book?‎ A．It's sold at a discount price.‎ B．It's important for her study.‎ C．It's written by Professor Lee.‎ ‎13．What will Jim do for Mary?‎ A．Share his book with her.‎ B．Lend her some money.‎ C．Ask Henry for help.‎ ‎[听力原文]‎ Text 8‎ M：What's that book you just picked up, Mary?‎ W：The one Prof. Lee uses in his course.‎ M：Oh, I see. You'd better have it if you want to pass that course.‎ W：But it costs $30. I simply can't afford it.‎ M：Did you check the used book section here? Maybe they have it.‎ W：No, they don't. I asked.‎ M：Why don't you get it from the library?‎ W：I've been trying for months, and it's always out. There are over 50 students in the course, and every single one wants the book.‎ M：Listen, you know my roommate Henry, don't you? He took the same course last year, and I remember he owns a copy. I can borrow it from him for you.‎ W：Oh, that'll be great! Thank you, Jim!‎ ‎[听力答案]　11.A　12.B　13.C ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎[听力系列技法1]　预　测 根据选项中的词汇信息，听取材料中的对应词汇(或相关词汇)即可找到答案。例如第11题中的School friends对应听力材料中的roommate；第12题中的her study对应听力材料中的pass that course；第13题中的 help对应听力材料中的borrow it from him。‎ ‎[关键词句]　‎ ‎1．invite　　　　　　　　 邀请 ‎2．suggest 建议 ‎3．appreciate 欣赏；感激 ‎4．ask sb.for help 向某人求助 ‎5．pass the course 通过这门课程 ‎6．afford 买得起 ‎7．copy 副本 ‎8．borrow ... from ... 从……借……‎ ‎9．You'd better have it if you want to pass that course.‎ ‎ ‎ 如果你想通过那门课程你最好买一本。‎ ‎10．I remember he owns a copy. 我记得他有一个副本。‎ ‎11．I can borrow it from him for you. 我可以从他那里给你借来。‎ ‎12．Have you booked the flight? 你预订航班了吗？‎ ‎13．We should take an active part in school activities.‎ ‎ 我们应该积极参加学校活动。‎ ‎14．What can I do for you? 我能帮你什么忙吗？‎ ‎15．It doesn't matter. 没关系。‎ ‎16．I hear you're going to join the army. 听说你要去参军了。‎ 二、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　(2016·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B)‎ ‎[1]On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.‎ ‎[2]“Hey, aren't you from Mississippi？” the elegant, whitehaired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “I'm from Mississippi too.”‎ ‎[3]Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.‎ ‎[4]“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，” Welty said. “I didn't know what my New York friends were thinking. ”‎ ‎[5]Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty's new ‎ friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion (团聚)．‎ ‎[6]“My friend said：‘Now we believe your stories，’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’”‎ ‎[7]Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.‎ ‎[8]“I don't make them up，” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “I don't have to.”‎ ‎[9]Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty's people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment (片断) of a particularly interesting story.‎ ‎25．What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?‎ A．Two strangers joined her.‎ B．Her childhood friends came in.‎ C．A heavy rain ruined the dinner.‎ D．Some people held a party there.‎ ‎26．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty's ________.‎ A．readers　　　　　　 B．parties C．friends D．stories ‎27．What can we learn about the characters in Welty's fiction?‎ A．They live in big cities.‎ B．They are mostly women.‎ C．They come from real life.‎ D．They are pleasure seekers.‎ ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 第1步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 行文结构 第1～4段 第3段 有位陌生的女士和她的同伴加入了Welty的聚会。‎ 故事背景、经过(人物、时间、地点)。‎ 第5段 第5段划波浪线部分 Welty的聚会在雨夜中结束。‎ 故事的结局。‎ 第6～9段 第6段划波浪线部分和第8段 Welty的作品中的人物均来源于现实生活。‎ 从故事得出结论：Welty的作品中的人物不是虚构的。‎ 第2步：微观突破理解障碍 ‎[尝试翻译]　‎ 在返回市区宾馆的途中，Welty的大都市的朋友们惊讶于他们活动的转变，他们的聚会已由纽约式的宴会变成了密西西比人的地方性团聚。‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　坐在房间的沙发上，韦尔蒂身着灰色睡袍，突显苗条身材，她看上去对这个解释很满意。‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎25．细节理解题。选A　根据第三段“... the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.”可知，除了那位陌生的女士，要跟她一起吃饭的人也加入到了Welty的饭局中。故A项正确；B、D两项为无中生有；C项为曲解文意。‎ ‎26．代词指代题。选D　联系本段“My friend said: ‘Now we believe your stories，’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’”可知，朋友们相信Eudora Welty的故事是真实的，正是在现实生活中从这些陌生的人口中得到的信息才让她写出这些故事。故D项正确；A、B、C三项均为无中生有。‎ ‎27．推理判断题。选C　根据最后一段第一句话可知她故事中的角色都是取材于生活中各个阶层的人，都来源于真实的生活，故C项为合理地推断；A、B、D三项为无中生有。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法1]　借助关键句、段进行推理判断 此类试题的解答需要对较多信息进行阅读和推理，因此，解题时应认真阅读试题题干，回到原文找到与题目有逻辑关系的关键句或关键段，并借助其进行推理判断，看与哪一个备选项的内容在意义与逻辑上吻合。例如上文中第27题，根据“‘I don't make them up，’ she ‎ said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.‘I don't have to.’”； “Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty's people come from ...”和“Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment (片段) of a particularly interesting story.”这些信息，可推断出C项正确。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．approach v．　　　　　 靠近；接近 n. 途径；方法；接近 ‎2．elegant adj. 优雅的；雅致的 ‎3．whitehaired adj. 满头白发的 ‎4．slim adj. 苗条的 ‎5．figure n. 图形；数字；外形 v. 认为；演算 ‎6．character n. 个性；品质；字符；人物 ‎7．annoy v. 困扰 ‎8．particularly adv. 尤其；特别 ‎9．a couple of 一对；几个 ‎10．settle in 坐定；安顿下来 ‎11．show up 露面，出现 ‎12．be amazed at 对……感到惊奇 ‎13．make up 整理；化妆；弥补；和解；编造 ‎[单元检测·高考提能] ‎ 单元检测A——语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练 ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．It is not what you say but what you do that matters (要紧)．‎ ‎2．It was well after midnight (午夜) by the time Anne returned to her apartment.‎ ‎3．His hope of working in the west has won support (支持) from his families and friends.‎ ‎4．We'll send an experienced expert (专家) over there to look into the matter.‎ ‎5．July the seventh of 1937 was a day when our country began to suffer (遭受) from great disasters.‎ ‎6．My father is trying to reduce (减少) expenses because we don't have much money.‎ ‎7．I invited every citizen to study the document (文件) carefully.‎ ‎8．He switched (转换) from a back seat to a front one so that he could see clearly.‎ ‎9．I heard a faint sound in the distance (远处), which surprised me.‎ ‎10．As everybody knows, China is a peaceful (peace) country.‎ ‎11．The small classroom becomes very crowded (crowd) because over seventy students sit there.‎ ‎12．The police received several complaints (complain) about the noise from our party.‎ ‎13．I think shopping is not only interesting but also relaxing (relax)．‎ ‎14．Some local authorities and voluntary (volunteer) organizations run workshops for disabled people.‎ ‎15．After my graduation (graduate), Dad's business was getting back on track.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎ ‎1．Where can you hide, supposed you are able to escape from the police？‎ supposed→supposing/suppose ‎2．A recent study has come up an unexpected conclusion that the African elephant should be divided into two different species.up后加with ‎3．Your positive attitude toward life will make the difference to your future.the→a ‎4．I look forward to hear from you as soon as possible.hear→hearing ‎ ‎5．It was so bad weather that we stayed at home all the day.so→such ‎6．We took turn to tell jokes at Jim's birthday party.turn→turns ‎7．I prefer to work rather than sitting there doing nothing.sitting→sit ‎ ‎8．If you still keep silent, I will take for granted that you imply agreement.take后加it ‎9．It doesn't matter for me what to do as long as I work with you.for→to ‎10．The company suffered from a great loss in the financial crisis.去掉from Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎ ‎1．天气那么好，我们都想出去散步。‎ It is such_lovely_weather_that we all want to go out for a walk.‎ ‎2．这台电脑和我前几天买的那台电脑属于同一款。‎ This is the_same_computer_as I bought the other day.‎ ‎3．有时你会发现生活单调、枯燥并且你渴望有点改变。‎ Sometimes you may find_life_boring_and_dull and you are eager to change a bit.‎ ‎4．他应该帮助我们的，但是他没有。‎ He was_supposed_to_have_helped_us,_but he didn't.‎ ‎5．汤姆在他父亲去世后接管了那家工厂。‎ Tom took_over_the_factory when his father died.‎ ‎6．他的哥哥放弃了学业，而他却选择了上大学。‎ His brother gave up his studies while_he_chose_to_go_to_college.‎ ‎[阅读理解提速练]‎ A The Castle of Monteriggioni Located in central Tuscany, the Castle of Monteriggioni was built by the Republic of Siena at the beginning of the 13th century in order to defend its southern border against Florence. With their impressive towers, they feature in Dante's Divine Comedy.‎ Main sights Inside the town are the Church of Santa Maria Assunta, the battlements on the town walls and the small “Monteriggioni in Arme” museum, where there are models and lifesize armors (铠甲)．‎ Every July within the wall of the town a special event is celebrated: the Medieval Festival of Monteriggioni, one of the most beautiful festivals in the region. The city goes back in time to the Middle Ages, the streets are filled up with people in period costume creating a real atmosphere. Dances, live performances, music, theater, kids ‎ entertainment, storytellers and more entertain the public.‎ The surrounding area The townlands of Monteriggioni, with the walled town as their capital, cover an area of about 100km2 directly to the north of Siena, full of woods, hills, vineyards and olive groves (小树林). The townlands also take in a large area of unspoiled nature that has been declared a Site of Community Importance (SCI). The area is crossed by a network of trails, including the Via Francigena, which can be traveled on foot, by bike or on horseback.‎ How to get to Monteriggioni BY CAR Take the “Monteriggioni” exit on the Florence－Siena motorway link.‎ BY BUS Line 130 from Siena for Colle di Val d'Elsa－Poggibonsi－San Gimignano.‎ BY TRAIN The closest station is “Castellina in Chianti－Monteriggioni”．‎ Tourist Office Piazza Roma, 23‎ ‎53035 Monteriggioni (SI)－Italy Tel/Fax＋39 0577 304834‎ info@Monteriggioniturismo. it.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了蒙特里焦尼城堡，包括它的地理位置、主要景点、周边地区、抵达方式以及旅游咨询处的联系方式等。‎ ‎1．Which of the following you cannot see in the Castle of ‎ Monteriggioni?‎ A．A museum.　　　　　　　 B．Vineyards.‎ C．A church. D．Performances.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Main sights部分可知，在城堡内可以看到教堂、有枪眼的防御墙、博物馆、现场表演等，由此可知，A、C、D三项都能够在城堡内看到；根据The surrounding area部分的“full of woods, hills, vineyards”可知，葡萄园在城堡外。故选B项。‎ ‎2．One of the best ways to travel around the surrounding area is ________.‎ A．by car B．by bus C．by train D．on foot 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据The surrounding area部分最后一句“...be traveled on foot, by bike or on horseback.”可知，可以步行、骑自行车或骑马来参观周边地区。故选D项。‎ ‎3．Where can this article be probably found?‎ A．In a travel guidebook. B．In a textbook.‎ C．In a fashion magazine. D．In a newspaper.‎ 解析：选A　文章出处题。由全文可以看出此文是关于蒙特里焦尼城堡这一旅游景点的介绍，很可能会出现在旅行指南中，故选A项。‎ B ‎(2018·银川二中高考模拟)Alibaba started taking the lead in China by connecting big Chinese manufacturers (制造商) with big buyers across the world.Its businesstobusiness site, Alibaba.com allowed businesses to buy almost everything.Alibaba's advantage wasn't hard to judge:‎ ‎ size.Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards.Its market attracts about 231 million active buyers, 8 million sellers, 11．3 billion orders a year — and Alibaba is just the middleman.It encourages people to use its markets — not charging small sellers a percentage of the sale.‎ If you want a quick look into the influence of Alibaba on Chinese daily life, take my experience.I moved to Beijing a year ago and quickly got tired of visiting small stores across the crowded, polluted city of 20 million people in search of new electronics, bathroom furnishings, and anything else my wife wanted.“You're looking for what exactly？Why not try it？” my Chinese teacher asked me one day.With that, my wonderful new relationship with Alibaba began.‎ Alibaba's original businesstobusiness model now is second to consumer buying.Chinese retail (零售) buying makes up 80% of Alibaba's profit, and leading that group is Taobao, with 800 million items for sale and the most unbelievable selection of things you'll never find. Tmall.com is Alibaba's another big site, where you can find brandname goods from Nike to Unilever almost at the lowest prices.‎ What I have a hard time explaining to friends and family back in the U．S. is how China has gone beyond traditional shopping — bigbox retailers especially — in favor of online purchases on Taobao and a few other sites.In smaller towns than Beijing, Taobao will be the first choice when shopping online.‎ I have a list of some of my recent purchases on Taobao for a sense of how wide the marketplace is.Almost everything arrived a day or two after ordering with free shipping.I'm not even a big buyer, because I need friends to help me search the Chineselanguage site.When I was searching my purchase history on my Chinese teacher's iPad, which helps me buy goods, I looked through with great difficulty about 10 of her ‎ purchases for every one of mine.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了阿里巴巴对人们的购物产生的巨大影响，它已经深入到人们日常生活的方方面面。‎ ‎4．Alibaba's advantage mainly lies in ________.‎ A．its low price B．its not charging small sellers C．its big size D．its businesstobusiness service 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第一段第三、四句“Alibaba's advantage wasn't hard to judge: size.Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards.”可知，阿里巴巴的优势就在于规模大。故选C项。‎ ‎5．We know from the passage that Alibaba ________.‎ A．acts as a bridge between the buyers and sellers B．charges small sellers on its site a percentage of the sale C．sells everything you want online D．has taken the place of traditional stores 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第一段第一句“... by connecting big Chinese manufacturers (制造商) with big buyers across the world.”可知，阿里巴巴的运营模式是将制造商与买家联系起来，由此推断出阿里巴巴起到了桥梁的作用，故选A项。由第一段最后一句“... not charging small sellers a percentage of the sale.”可排除B项；由第一段第二句中的“almost everything”可排除C项；D项在文中未提及。‎ ‎6．What can be inferred from the last 3 paragraphs?‎ A．Taobao sells millions of items with the lowest price.‎ B．Alibaba's profit mainly consists of Chinese retail buying.‎ C．Tmall.com is more popular than Taobao.‎ D．The author can purchase items on Taobao without any difficulty now.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。由第三段第二句“Chinese retail (零售) buying makes up 80% of Alibaba's profit ...”可知，中国人的零售购买占了阿里巴巴利润的80%，故选B项。‎ ‎7．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．Taobao, the best choice for shopping online in China.‎ B．Alibaba influences people's daily purchase in China.‎ C．Shopping online goes beyond traditional shopping in China.‎ D．How the author learns to purchase online in China.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了阿里巴巴对人们日常购物产生的巨大影响，故选B项。‎ 单元检测B——阅读理解提速练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The Masai are a people who are constantly trying to preserve their own ways in an increasingly modern world. They live along the border of Kenya and Tanzania, moving their homes from time to time to follow their cattle, the source of their living.‎ The Masai have become known as a people of fighters, protecting their cattle against lions and other enemies. Only men are fighters. They wear long hair, which is colored red with clay. They can have more than one wife. Women build and take care of the home, fixing food and making clothing. Women and children keep their heads shaved. Women can also become elders,_once they have given birth to four healthy children.‎ The Masai depend on their cattle for many parts of their life. They ‎ drink cows' milk and blood as sacred drinks. They use the cows' waste to cover and seal their homes. They don't kill their cattle for food, but if a cow is killed, then the horns (角) are used for containers; the hides are used to make shoes, clothing, ropes and bed coverings; and the bones are made into decorations.‎ The more cattle a man owns, the richer he is considered to be. A man who owns 50 or fewer cattle is considered poor. A “rich” man has a thousand or more. The cattle, though owned by the man, are considered to belong to the man's entire family. The family names the cattle and can recognize each animal's unique voice.‎ Masai houses are made from sticks and grass, but they are meant to be temporary, since the move of their cattle means that the Masai move as well.‎ ‎1．What is Masai women's daily work at home?‎ A．They protect the cattle from being hunted.‎ B．They give birth to babies and bring them up.‎ C．They look after as well as naming their cattle.‎ D．They mainly deal with various housework.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段的第五句“Women build and take care of the home, fixing food and making clothing”可知，马赛族的妇女在家看护房子，准备饭菜并且做衣服；据此可知，马赛族的妇女日常主要负责家务活，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．When do the Masai move from one place to another?‎ A．They move when they have over a thousand cattle.‎ B．They move once there are 4 children in the family.‎ C．They move when their cattle need new food sources.‎ D．They move after their houses are not strong enough.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“moving their homes from time to time to follow their cattle, the source of their living”并结合最后一段可知，马赛人跟着他们的牛而迁移，由此可以判断，当牛需要新的食物来源时，马赛人就会迁移。故C项正确。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “elders” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Aged citizens.　　　　　 B．Respected people.‎ C．Brave fighters. D．Wealthy hostesses.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的“once they have given birth to four healthy children”可以判断，如果女子能生育四个健康的孩子，则她将成为人们尊敬的人。画线词意为“令人尊敬的人”，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．It can be inferred from the text that ________.‎ A．the Masai raise the cattle mainly for their meat B．lions are the primary enemies of the Masai C．the Masai are living a life in a modern way D．the total of the Masai's cattle decides their status 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句“The more cattle a man owns, the richer he is considered to be”可知，一个人拥有的牛越多，他就被认为越富有，据此可以判断，马赛人拥有的牛的数量决定了他们的社会地位，故D项正确。‎ B Two weeks ago, a 7yearold girl, Chloe Bridgewater wrote a letter to Google, expressing her interest in working for the tech company when she gets older. “Dear Google boss, my name is Chloe and when I am bigger I would like a job with Google，” she wrote. “I also want to ‎ work in a chocolate factory and do swimming in the Olympics.” The student said she liked computers and had a tablet she played games on. She even showed off a robot game that her dad gave her.‎ It wasn't long before Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google, replied with his own letter on Google website. In a letter dated Feb. 3, Pichai wrote, “Dear Chloe, I'm glad that you like computers and robots, and hope that you will continue to learn about technology. I think if you keep working hard and follow your dreams, you can accomplish everything you set your mind to. I look forward to receiving your job application when you are finished with school！”‎ Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was completely shocked that his daughter received a reply. But he wasn't surprised that she decided to write the letter in the first place. “She's got determination. She doesn't see the barriers that we face every day，” he explained. “If she wants to do it, she will set out to do it and nothing will stop her.”‎ The father remarked that his daughter began jumping up and down after receiving the letter. Still, he's not in a rush to send his eldest daughter off to work. “Now, my daughter is confident, although she hasn't yet fully understood that it will take more efforts than finishing her study to make it with Google，” he said.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。七岁女孩Chloe Bridgewater给谷歌CEO Sundar Pichai写信，没想到却收到了Sundar的回信。‎ ‎5．Chloe's letter to Pichai shows us that she ________.‎ A．expects to be one of the Google members B．has a talent for making robots C．makes up her mind to study hard D．buries herself in computer games 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“when I am bigger I would like a job with Google”可知，她写信给谷歌CEO是希望长大后能在谷歌工作，故A项正确。‎ ‎6．We can know from the text that ________.‎ A．the girl wrote the letter to Pichai on February 3‎ B．there are two children in Bridgewater's family C．Andy didn't expect a reply from Pichai at all D．Google is sure to hire Chloe after her graduation 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句“Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was completely shocked that his daughter received a reply”可知，Andy对于他的女儿能收到回信很惊讶，据此可推知，Andy根本没有指望会收到谷歌CEO的回信，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．What is the main idea of the text?‎ A．A 7yearold girl gets a job with Google.‎ B．CEO of Google responds to a girl's letter.‎ C．A father forbids his girl to work for Google.‎ D．Google decides to employ its youngest clerk.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述七岁女孩Chloe Bridgewater给谷歌CEO写信，希望长大后在谷歌公司工作，没想到谷歌CEO给她回了信，鼓励她努力学习，实现梦想。故选B项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Here, sleep experts clear up some of the biggest misunderstandings about sleep they see with their patients, which could weaken your ability to have a night of good sleep.‎ Myth：__1__‎ The latest research shows that the right amount of sleep may vary from person to person and should leave you feeling energized the next day. I'm a sleep doctor. Take myself for example. __2__‎ Myth: Don't fall asleep with the TV on.‎ I've cured more people suffering from sleep problems than you can imagine by telling people it's OK to fall asleep with the TV on. __3__ Control the watching time so it doesn't affect your sleep later in the night.‎ Myth: You can catch up on lost sleep on the weekend.‎ ‎__4__ A Harvard study found that even if you sleep for an extra 10 hours on the weekend to make up for only sleeping six hours a night for two weeks, those extra hours won't improve your reaction times or ability to focus. Plus, sleeping late throws off your biological clock, which can lead to obesity, diabetes and heart disease.‎ Myth: Alcohol can help you rest easy.‎ ‎__5__ Alcohol may relax you so you nod off quicker, but studies show you'll wake up more and get less of deep sleep you need to feel rested.‎ A．You need 8 hours' sleep a night.‎ B．A lack of sleep can cause anxiety.‎ C．We take unscheduled naps during the weekend.‎ D．I've been a 6.5hour sleeper in my entire adult life.‎ E．Many people can't turn off their brains, but watching TV helps.‎ F．People commonly use alcohol to fall asleep, but it doesn't work.‎ G．You can't make up for too little sleep by sleeping more at weekends.‎ 语篇解读：本文为说明文。作者澄清了人们关于睡眠的几个错误观点，比如你一晚上需要8小时的睡眠、不能开着电视睡觉等。‎ ‎1．解析：选A　由语境及上文的“clear up some of the biggest misunderstandings about sleep”可推测出Myth在此意为“错误观念”。根据下文的“the right amount of sleep may vary from person to person”可知，对每个人来说，适当的睡眠时间都是不同的，故可知此处澄清的错误观念是A项“你一晚上需要八个小时的睡眠”。‎ ‎2．解析：选D　根据语境尤其是上文的“the right amount of sleep may vary from person to person ...Take myself for example”可知，空处应是作者举例说明自己每晚需要的睡眠时间，故选D项，表示作者成年以后一直每晚睡6.5小时。‎ ‎3解析：选E　空处解释说明了上文的“I've cured more people suffering from sleep problems than you can imagine by telling people it's OK to fall asleep with the TV on”的原因，表示许多人不能让他们的大脑放松下来，但看电视能够对他们有所帮助。文中的“more people suffering from sleep problems”与E项中的“Many people can't turn off their brains”对应。‎ ‎4．解析：选G　本空所在段落的错误观点是通过在周末睡更长时间来弥补平时缺失的睡眠。G项与之相呼应。‎ ‎5．解析：选F　F项中的“People commonly use alcohol to fall asleep”与上文的“Alcohol can help you rest easy”以及下文的“Alcohol may relax you so you nod off quicker”相对应，“but it doesn't work”与下文的“you'll wake up more and get less of deep sleep you need to feel rested”相对应。‎