2018届一轮复习北师大版必修4Unit11Themedia学案(4)

2018届一轮复习北师大版必修4Unit11Themedia学案(4)

Unit 11　The Media ‎[写得准]‎ ‎[用得活]‎ ‎[积得多]‎ ‎1.affair n．　　　　　事情，事件 ‎2.demand vt. 要求，请求 ‎3.arise vi. 发生；出现 ‎4.blame vt. 责怪，归咎于 ‎5.willing adj. 愿意的，乐意的 ‎6.approach n. 方法，方式 ‎7.scene n. 场面；场景 ‎8.attempt vt.‎& n. 尝试，试图 ‎9.pretend vt. 假装 ‎10.respect vt.‎& n．尊敬，尊重→respected adj.受人敬重的→respectable adj.值得敬重的→respectful adj.恭敬的，表示尊敬的 ‎11.delighted adj.高兴的，愉快的→delight vt.使愉快 n．快乐，高兴→delightful adj.令人高兴的 ‎12.belief n．信仰；信心；信任→believe vt.相信 ‎13.announce vt.宣布，宣告→announcement n．公告 ‎14.application n．申请(书)；应用→applicant n．申请人→apply vi.申请 ‎15.employ vt.雇用→employment n．雇用→unemployment n．失业→employern．雇主→employee n．雇员 ‎16.argument n．争论；理由→argue vi.争吵 ‎17.analysis n．分析→analyse vt.‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1.He reasoned out the conclusion (conclude) according to the theory.‎ ‎2.There is a general belief (believe) that things will get better.‎ ‎3.Scientists analysed (analysis) samples of leaves taken from the area.‎ ‎4.The argument (argue) among the two parties was blown up by the press.‎ ‎5.No matter what they did, they couldn't prevent us defending (defence) the rights of students.‎ ‎6.This is a new discovery that has a number of industrial applications (apply)．‎ ‎7.He was charged with murder but found innocent (innocence) later.‎ ‎8.The advertiser was determined to advertise the newlydesigned car on the advertisement page of Hefei Evening.(advertise)‎ ‎9.He takes great delight in proving others wrong.When he did it, he felt delighted. But I don't think what he does is ‎ ‎1.“发生”词汇集汇 ‎①arise　　发生；出现 ‎②occur 出现；发生 ‎③happen (偶然)发生 ‎④come about 产生，发生 ‎⑤take place 产生，发生 ‎⑥break out 突然发生 ‎2.sis结尾名词大全 ‎①analysis 分析 ‎②basis 基础 ‎③crisis 危机 ‎④thesis 论文 ‎3.er结尾名词全接触 ‎①employer 雇主 ‎②observer 观察员 ‎③minister 部长 ‎④lawyer 律师 ‎⑤programmer 程序设计员 ‎4.“事件”名词集锦 ‎①incident　　　　　　事件 ‎②matter 事件；问题 ‎③business 生意；事情 ‎④event 事件；事变 ‎⑤affair 事情；事件 ‎⑥issue 问题；事情 ‎5.“广告”相关词汇荟萃 ‎①account service　　 　客户服务 ‎②advertising agency 广告公司 ‎③advertising campaign ‎ 分析 ‎18.encouragementn．鼓励→encourage vt.鼓励 ‎19.defend vt.保卫，防御；为……辩解→defence n．保卫；防卫 ‎20.advertiser n．广告人→advertise vt.为……做广告，登广告→advertisement n．广告 ‎21.contribution n．贡献，捐助→contribute vt.贡献 ‎22.innocent adj.天真无邪的，单纯的；无罪的→innocence n．清白，无罪 ‎23.conclude vt.做出结论；结束→conclusion n．结论 ‎24.interrupt vt.‎& vi.打断(讲话或动作)；打扰→interruption n．打断 ‎25.environmental adj.自然环境的→environmentally adv.环境地→environment n．环境 delightful.(delight)‎ ‎10.Teachers are respectable in our country. Students respect their teachers and listen to them in school in respectful ways.(respect)‎ ‎11.The employers were discussing the topic how more employees could be employed facing the high rate of unemployment.(employ)‎ ‎12.Pollution is causing environmental crisis on earth so it is a hard task to build an environmentally friendly society if we don't take action to protect our environment immediately.(environmental)‎ 广告活动 ‎④advertising department 广告部 ‎⑤airport advertising 机场广告 ‎ ‎6.“方法”家族 ‎①way　　　　　　　　方法，方面 ‎②means 方法，方式 ‎③method 方法，办法 ‎④approach 方法，方式 ‎⑤manner 方式，方法 ‎7.inter开头单词大观园 ‎①Internet n. 互联网 ‎②interaction n. 相互影响 ‎③international adj. 国际的 ‎④interchange v. 相互交换 ‎⑤interrupt v. 打断，打扰 ‎[写得准]‎ ‎[用得活]‎ ‎[积得多]‎ ‎1.stand_for　　　　　代表；支持 ‎2.in_favour_of 赞同，支持 ‎3.consist_of 由……组成 ‎4.stand_out 突出，显眼 ‎5.as_long_as 只要 ‎6.be_made_up_of 由……组成 ‎7.be_used_to 习惯于 ‎8.be_linked_with/to 与……相关联 ‎9.comment_on 发表意见 ‎10.owe_..._to_... 把……归功于……‎ ‎11.go_ahead_with 着手干；开始做 ‎12.participate_in 参与，参加 ‎13.help_out 帮忙做事；摆脱 ‎ 困境 ‎14.in_detail 详细地 ‎15.come_down_to 结果是 ‎16.look_forward_to 盼望，希望 选用左栏短语填空 ‎1.It makes sense for us to stand_for a peaceful settlement of the international dispute.‎ ‎2.As_long_as you work hard, you'll succeed in time.‎ ‎3.He made a speech in_favour_of equal pay for equal work.‎ ‎4.You must study the contract in_detail before you sign it.‎ ‎5.We finally talked Mary into participating_in our discussion about Chinese Dream.‎ ‎6.Living downtown for many years, we are_used_to the noise from the traffic now.‎ ‎7.We are looking_forward_to holding a party to celebrate New Year's Eve.‎ ‎8.He is a kindhearted man and is always willing to help_out.‎ ‎1.“只要”短语一览 ‎①as/so long as ‎②on condition that ‎③provided/providing (that)‎ ‎2.“习惯于”短语归纳 ‎①be/get used to ‎②be/get accustomed to ‎③accustom oneself to ‎3. to为介词短语聚会 ‎①get down to　　　着手做 ‎②put one's mind to 全神贯注于 ‎③lead to 导致 ‎④pay attention to 注意 ‎⑤see to 负责；注意 ‎⑥contribute to 对……作贡献；有助于 ‎⑦look forward to 盼望，希望 ‎[背原句]‎ ‎[记句式]‎ ‎[会仿用]‎ ‎1.AIDS is another problem of great concern so sex education and health care administration are extremely important. ‎ 艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题，所以性教育和保健管理非常重要。‎ ‎“of＋抽象名词”相当于其对应的形容词。‎ 对我们来说保护环境是非常重要的。‎ It is_of_great_importance for us to protect the environment.‎ ‎2.It is likely to be just the name of a company, part of which may be a general location.‎ 它很可能仅仅是一家公司的名称，其中可能含有公司的大概位置。‎ be likely to do ...“可能会做……”。‎ 我认为他明天很可能会赢得这场比赛。‎ I think he is_likely_to_win the match tomorrow.‎ ‎3.However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.‎ 然而，并非所有的广告都是为谋求利润而推销产品和提供服务的。‎ not all表示部分否定。‎ 并非这里所有的人都喜欢和他相处。‎ Not_all_the_people here like to get along with him.‎ ‎4.According to a research published by Leeds University yesterday, people don't mind bad language on television as long as it is not used in programmes watched by children.‎ 据利兹大学昨天发表的一项研究称，电视中的不良语言，只要不用在儿童节目中，人们并不介意。‎ as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。‎ 只要你努力学习，你就会通过考试的。As_long_as you study hard, you will pass the exam.‎ ‎1．demand vt.要求，请求；需要n.要求；需求(量)，需要 ‎[教材原句]　Reforms have been demanded by people from all over the world.‎ 全世界的人们都要求变革。‎ ‎(1)demand to do sth.　　　　　 要求做某事 demand sth.of/from sb. 向某人要某物 demand that ... (should＋) do sth.‎ ‎ 要求……做某事 ‎(2)meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的要求 in demand 非常需要的；受欢迎的 ‎①My father came downstairs and demanded to_know (know) what was going on.‎ 我父亲从楼上下来想知道正在发生什么事情。‎ ‎②The boss demanded that Mary (should)_finish (finish) the task within a week.‎ 老板要求玛丽在一周内完成这项工作。‎ ‎③First, science graduates are in_greater_demand than arts ones in China.‎ 首先，在中国对理科毕业生的需求比对文科生的大。‎ ‎[名师指津]　demand后不接不定式作宾语补足语，即不能说demand sb.to do sth.。‎ ‎2．blame vt.责怪，归咎于n.过失，责备 ‎[教材原句]　The media is often blamed for encouraging the paparazzi.‎ 由于鼓励狗仔队的行为，媒体经常被谴责。‎ ‎(1)blame sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做了)某事而责备某人 blame sth.on ... 把某事归咎于……‎ be to blame (for ...) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备 ‎(2)take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任 put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.‎ ‎ 把某事的责任推到某人身上 ‎①Some people lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.‎ 一些人把责任推到美国人身上，抱怨由于吃了太多的美式快餐而增加了好几磅的体重。‎ ‎②Poor student behavior seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think modern lifestyles are_to_blame.‎ 学生不良行为似乎成了一个越来越广泛的问题，我认为现代的生活方式要对此负责。‎ ‎③They blamed him for the accident happening the other day.　‎ 他们把前几天发生的事故而责备他。‎ ‎[名师指津]　在be to blame (for)短语中，不定式用主动语态表示被动含义。‎ ‎3．employ vt.雇用；聘请；使忙于；使从事于 ‎[高考佳句]　It's standard practice for a company like this one to employ a security officer.(2014·山东高考单选)‎ 对于像这样的一家公司而言，雇用一名保安是常规做法。‎ ‎(1)employ 从事于/忙于(做)某事 ‎　 be employed to do sth. 受雇做某事 ‎①For the past ten years I have_been_employed_as an English teacher in this middle school.‎ 十年来我一直在这所中学受雇当一名英语教师。‎ ‎②She has employed herself (she) in making preparations for the press conference all morning.‎ 整个上午她一直忙于记者招待会的准备工作。‎ ‎[写作联想]　例句②其他表达方式 ‎①She has been employed in making preparations for the press conference all morning.‎ ‎②She has been occupied in making preparations for the press conference all morning.‎ ‎③She has been engaged in making preparations for the press conference all morning.‎ ‎4．attempt vt.&n.尝试，试图 ‎[教材原句]　But sometimes, the paparazzi go too far in their attempt to get the best photographs.‎ 但是有的时候，狗仔队为了获得最有卖点的照片做得很过分。‎ ‎(1)attempt to do sth.　　　　　　　　 试图做某事 ‎(2)in an attempt to do sth. 为了做某事 make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 企图做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 ‎①For years researchers have_attempted_to_show that television is dangerous to children. ‎ 多年来，研究人员试图证明，电视对孩子是很危险的。‎ ‎②We made an attempt to_leave (leave) for camping, but were stopped by our teacher. ‎ 我们想去野营但被我们的老师拦住了。‎ ‎③He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test at_the_first_attempt.‎ 他在第一次尝试中通过驾驶测试时得意洋洋。‎ ‎5．pretend vt.假装；装作 ‎[教材原句]　Pretending to be a repair man to get into the house of a film star and take pictures of her daily life.‎ 装扮成一个维修工人进入一个电影明星的家并偷拍她的日常生活照。‎ pretend that ...　　　　　　　 假装……‎ pretend ‎①Sarah pretended to_be (be) cheerful, saying nothing about the argument.‎ 萨拉假装很开心，对那次争论只字未提。‎ ‎②The boy pretended to_be_sleeping (sleep) when his mother entered the room.‎ 当他妈妈走进房间时，那个男孩假装正在睡觉。‎ ‎③Although he didn't know the answer, he pretended to_have_known (know) it.‎ 尽管他不知道答案，但是他假装早就知道了。‎ ‎6．respect vt.尊敬；尊重；敬意n.细节；方面；敬意；问候 ‎ ‎[经典例句]　She said she wanted to leave, and her father respected her wishes.(朗文P2145)‎ 她说她想离开，她父亲尊重她的意愿。‎ ‎(1)respect sb. for sth.　　　　 因某事而尊重某人 ‎(2)have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人 give/send one's respects to sb. 向某人表示问候 out of respect for ... 出于对……的尊敬；顾及 ‎(3)in all/many respects 在各个方面/在许多方面 in respect of＝with respect to 关于；就……而言 ‎①I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service.‎ 我希望航空公司能多尊重乘客并提高服务水平。‎ ‎②Out_of_respect_for the wishes of her family, the affair was not reported in the newspapers.‎ 考虑到她家人的意愿，此事没有在报上披露。‎ ‎③With_respect_to/In_respect_of your other suggestions, I am not yet able to tell you our decision.‎ 谈到你的其他建议，我现在还无法把我们的决定告诉你。‎ ‎[熟词生义]　读句子猜含义 ‎④In this respect, I don't agree with you. 方面 ‎7．approach n．接近，逼近，走近；方法，方式；途径，通路vt.&vi.接近；靠近；接洽；要求；着手处理 ‎[教材原句]　For many of today's advertisers, repeating old ideas is not a successful approach.‎ 对于当今的许多广告设计者来说，重复旧的理念已不是一种成功的办法。‎ ‎(1)the approach of ...　 ……的来临；……的临近 the approach to (doing) sth.‎ ‎ (做)某事的方法；去某处的通道 make an approach to sth./sb.‎ ‎ 对……进行探讨/和某人打交道 ‎(2)approach sb.about/for sth. 向某人要求某事 approach sb.about doing sth. 要求某人做某事 ‎①Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working (work) things out.(2014·浙江高考单选)‎ 面对你的问题而不逃避是解决问题的最好方法。‎ ‎②We have_made_approaches_to them in the hope of establishing a business relationship.‎ 我们已设法接近他们，希望建立业务关系。‎ ‎③She approached the bank for/about a loan in order to buy a new house.‎ 为了买一所新房子她向银行申请贷款。‎ ‎8．conclude vt.&vi.做出结论；结束；完成；断定，推断 ‎[教材原句]　Leeds University concluded that people made a distinction between bad language used in programmes for adults, and those meant for children.‎ 利兹大学得出结论说，人们辨别得出成人影片中的脏话和儿童影片中脏话的区别。‎ ‎(1)conclude ... from ... 　 从……中得出/推断出……‎ conclude ...with .... 以……结束……‎ conclude that ... 断定……‎ to conclude 总而言之，最后 ‎(2)conclusion n. 结论 draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion ‎ 得出结论 in conclusion 最后；总之 ‎①When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it with important points.(2013·浙江高考单选)‎ 当小组讨论即将结束的时候，要注意确保用要点来总结讨论内容。‎ ‎②We can conclude from the results that the experiment was a failure.‎ 从结果我们可以得出结论：这项实验失败了。‎ ‎③In_conclusion,_it's worthwhile to rebuild the old bridge.‎ 总之，重建那座旧桥是值得的。‎ Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)‎ ‎1．The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great demand in this city.‎ ‎2．I wonder if this date would be suitable for you.‎ ‎3．Molly always told us exactly what she thought, and we respected her for that.‎ ‎4．We concluded the meeting at eight o'clock with a prayer.‎ ‎5．Approaching (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.‎ ‎6．She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.‎ ‎7．They made an attempt to_escape (escape) but were caught by the police.‎ ‎8．I am willing to_do (do) whatever my country requires of me.‎ Ⅱ.重难点多练 ‎1．blame点点练 ‎(1)一句多译 ‎①他们把失败归咎于他，这是错误的。‎ ‎①－1 It's wrong of them to_blame_the_failure_on_him.(blame v．)‎ ‎①－2 It's wrong of them to_blame_him_for_the_failure.(blame v．)‎ ‎①－3 It's wrong of them to think that he_should_take_the_Blame_for_the ‎_failure.(blame n．)‎ ‎(2)根据汉语提示完成片段 The car driver ②was_blamed_for (因……被责备) the traffic accident, but he ③blamed_it_on (把它归咎于) others. As a matter of fact, it is he, not others, that ④is_to_blame_for (该为……承担责任) it.‎ ‎2．pretend万花筒 ‎(1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①When we told him the news, he pretended to_have_known (know) it.‎ ‎②The children pretended to_be_reading (read) aloud when the teacher came in.‎ ‎(2)句型转换 ‎③He didn't want to go to the party, so he pretended to be ill.‎ ‎③－1 He didn't want to go to the party, so he pretended to have been ill.‎ ‎③－2 He didn't want to go to the party, so he pretended that he was ill.‎ Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练 ‎1．根据语境选出approach的词性和词义 ‎(A)n.接近，走近　　(B)n.方法，方式　　(C)n.通路 ‎(D)v.接近，靠近 (E)v.着手处理 ‎①Our approach drove away the wild animals. __A__‎ ‎②Workers, above all, will know how to approach the problem correctly . __E__‎ ‎③Police are patrolling (巡逻) the major approach roads to the railway station. __C__‎ ‎④Such people as are friendly are easy to approach. __D__‎ ‎⑤I'd advise taking a different approach to deal with the conflict. __B__‎ ‎2．根据语境选出process的词性和词义 ‎①I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow process. __B__‎ ‎②They went over every process again, but without result. __A__‎ ‎③Brazil began importing soybeans (大豆) to process at home.　 __C__‎ ‎④The computer helps us to process reservation rapidly. __D__‎ ‎1．in favour of支持，赞同 ‎[教材原句]　Since then, the law and the public opinion have been less in favour of the paparazzi and their jobs.‎ 从那时起，法律和公众舆论就不怎么支持狗仔队以及他们的工作了。‎ in one's favour　　　　　　　　　　 有利于某人 do sb.a favour＝do a favour for sb. 帮某人忙 ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮个忙 owe sb.a favour 欠某人一份情 ‎①It was a turning point, a sign that things are starting to go in_our_favour.‎ 那是一个转折点，事情正在朝对我们有利的方向发展。‎ ‎②Could you do_me_a_favour/do_a_favour_for_me and pick up Sam from school today?‎ 今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗？‎ ‎2．consist of由……组成；由……构成 ‎[教材原句]　Some advertisements consist of pictures or the words of experts to show people how good the products are.‎ 一些广告中含有一些图片或专家说的话，以便向人们展示该产品如何好。‎ ‎(1)be composed of＝be made up of　　 由……组成 ‎(2)consist in＝lie in 在于 ‎(3)consistent adj. 一致的；持续的 be consistent with 与……一致 ‎①Success consists_in the ability to continue efforts through failures.(2014·福建高考书面表达)‎ 成功在于经历多次失败而继续努力的能力。‎ ‎②What you say now is_not_consistent_with what you said last week.‎ 你现在说的话与你上星期说过的话不一致。‎ ‎[名师指津]　consist of与consist in不用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。‎ ‎3．stand out突出，显眼 ‎[教材原句]　Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combining the highest standards of design with ideas linked to the products to make them more attractive.‎ 通过最高水平设计加上更具吸引力的产品理念，现代的广告必须在充满竞争的世界里脱颖而出。‎ stand for　　　　　 是……意思，代表；支持；象征 stand by/aside 袖手旁观；无动于衷 stand by sb./sth. 支持某人/遵守某事 stand up for 为……辩护；支持 stand up to 经受得住；经得起 ‎①Good heavens! How could you stand by and allow such a thing to happen!‎ 天哪！你怎么能够袖手旁观允许这种事情发生！‎ ‎②In China, these knots stand for friendship, love and good luck.(2013·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)‎ 在中国，这些中国结代表友谊、爱和好运。‎ ‎4．AIDS is another problem of_great_concern so sex education and health care administration are extremely important.‎ 艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题，所以性教育和保健管理非常重要。‎ 句中of great concern是“of＋n.”结构，表示“深受关注的”。“of＋n.”结构在句中常作表语、定语或宾语补足语，说明事物的性质或状态，通常用在正式场合或书面语中，其用法如下：‎ ‎(1)of (＋great, no, little, some, much)＋抽象名词(value, importance, use, help, interest, significance, benefit, necessity等)‎ ‎(2)of (＋different, the same, similar)＋分类名词(kind, type, sort, shape, size, colour, length, depth, width, weight, height, age, date等)‎ ‎(3)of (＋good, bad, nice, fine, serious, high等)＋性质名词(quality, character, characteristics, feature等)‎ ‎①Mr Johnson, a great stamp collector, has owned stamps of many different kinds and sizes.‎ 约翰逊先生，一位了不起的邮票收藏家，手里有许多不同种类和尺寸的邮票。‎ ‎②The economics of national growth are of_the_greatest_importance to all modern governments.‎ 国民经济增长的情况对所有现代政府至关重要。‎ ‎③New Zealand grape wine is of_high_quality and is sold all over the world.‎ 新西兰葡萄酒质量好，畅销全世界。‎ ‎5．However, not_all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit. ‎ 然而，并非所有的广告都是为谋求利润而推销产品和提供服务的。‎ ‎(1)该句中not all ...为部分否定，意为“并非都……”。英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。‎ ‎①He says that once again not_all new locks have been proved reliable.‎ 他再次说，并非所有新锁都被证明是可靠的。‎ ‎(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。‎ ‎②Nothing in the world is difficult if one sets his mind to it.‎ ‎(谚)世上无难事，只怕有心人。‎ Ⅰ.基础点全练 ‎1．单句语法填空 ‎①People who are in favour of the plan are to attend tomorrow's meeting.‎ ‎②The council at last gave us permission to go ahead with our building plans.‎ ‎③At the top of the building stood a woman whose face was pale, which frightened everyone on the scene.‎ ‎④Could you do me a favor and turn off the hot water?‎ ‎⑤Doing morning exercises is of benefit to your health.‎ ‎⑥They are likely to_come (come) late because of the bad weather.‎ ‎2．运用所学短语完成片段 G8 ①stands_for (代表) the group of eight countries, which ②consists_of/is_made_up_of (由……组成) political leaders from eight developed countries. They are ③in_favour_of (赞成) reforms demanded by people all over the world and they are also ④making_an_attempt_‎ to/attempting_to (试图) adopt new approaches to remove the poverty of the world. They announced that they ⑤were_willing_to (愿意) cancel the debt owed by the poorest countries in Africa. It's certain that these African nations ⑥were_very_delighted_at (对……感到非常高兴) the news.‎ Ⅱ.重难点多练 ‎1．consist相关短语站清 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①New Zealand is a country lying off the eastern coast of Australia, consisting (consist) of two big islands and many smaller ones.‎ ‎②True education does not consist in simply being taught facts.‎ ‎③It's amazing that the results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.‎ ‎(2)一句多译 ‎④委员会由教授和工程师组成。‎ ‎④－1 The committee is_composed_of professors and engineers.(compose of)‎ ‎④－2 The committee is_made_up_of professors and engineers.(make up of)‎ ‎④－3 The committee consists_of professors and engineers.(consist of)‎ ‎2．stand相关短语多棱镜 介、副词填空 ‎①I won't stand by and see them suffer like that.‎ ‎②What do the five Olympic rings stand for?‎ ‎③The white sail stands out against the dark sea.‎ ‎④We stand up for the cause of liberty and justice.‎ ‎⑤This cloth is designed to stand up to a lot of wear and tear (磨损)．‎ ‎3．部分否定面面观 句型转换 ‎①All the people present didn't agree with you.(改为部分否定)‎ ‎→Not all the people present agreed with you.‎ ‎②Both of you haven't passed the exam.(改为全部否定)‎ ‎→Neither of you has passed the exam.‎ ‎③None of us was allowed to go there.(改为部分否定)‎ ‎→All of us were not allowed to go there.‎ 课时练(一)　 单元考点落实练和完形填空提能练 一、单元考点落实练(练基础)(限时：40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Some learning difficulties arise (出现) from the way children are taught at school.‎ ‎2．He failed in his first attempt (尝试) to ride a horse, but he would try a second time.‎ ‎3．To be happy, we should have a good attitude (态度) toward life.‎ ‎4．There is evidence (证据) that Beijing Man used fire to cook food.‎ ‎5．Father is always my close friend, I'm willing (愿意的) to tell him what I think about.‎ ‎6．I'm sorry to interrupt (打断) you, but I really have something important to tell you.‎ ‎7．He has made an important contribution (贡献) to the company's success at the beginning of its foundation.‎ ‎8．The defendant (被告) protested that he had never been near the scene (现场) of the crime.‎ ‎9．In terms of size, that apartment was still suitable (适合) for living.‎ ‎10．She demanded (要求) that we let her in.‎ ‎11．Students should understand the approach (方法) to communicating with others so that they can make more friends.‎ ‎12．They blamed (归咎于) the rise in oil prices on the big increase in inflation.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．John Wood, an Internet blogger, discovered that Samsung had_been_criticized (criticize) for not protecting its workers from a dangerous chemical used on its phones.‎ ‎2．—I told you to bring a dictionary with you before school was over.‎ ‎—I am sorry, but this morning I was in such a hurry that I forgot being_reminded (remind) of that.‎ ‎3．All attempts to_control (control) the spread of the disease have failed.‎ ‎4．All the locals have strongly demanded there (should)_be (be) no further leaks from the oil tankers.‎ ‎5．—Can you think of another good idea?‎ ‎—This is the best approach I can imagine to_accomplishing (accomplish) the work ahead of schedule.‎ ‎6．Employed (employ) in gardening and voluntary work, Mrs Black leads a busy and rich life at her old age.‎ ‎7．We didn't know he had attended the important lecture because no one told him about there being (be) a lecture the following day.‎ ‎8．—Jeremy rather than his friends is to_blame (blame) for the accident.‎ ‎—Absolutely. He shouldn't have driven after being drunk.‎ ‎9．It is said that the wool produced in Australia is of high quality.‎ ‎10．I concluded from his letter that he was suffering from a bad cold.‎ ‎11．—The exam was easy, wasn't it?‎ ‎—Yes, but I don't think everybody could pass it.‎ ‎12．I had been lying to myself, pretending (pretend) that everything was fine.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．Most people are familiar with the idea that all matters consist in atoms.in→of ‎2．He has two daughters, all of whom aren't nurses.all→both ‎3．Those old books of no useful will be sold and we'll buy some new ones of much value.useful→use ‎4．These changes arose differences in climate and nature. ‎ ‎ arose后加from_‎ ‎5．At the meeting they discussed three different approaches for the study of mathematics.for→to ‎6．He demanded that we left at once.left→leave ‎7．He explained us why he was late for the meeting.explained后加to ‎8．Frankly speaking, I am not in favor to your plan.to→of ‎9．He managed to climb over the wall, but failed.managed→tried ‎10．The accused employed a lawyer in defence for him.for→of Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空 July 5, 2005‎ Scotland The political leaders from eight of the world's ①wealthiest (wealthy) nations will meet in Scotland this summer. They will discuss the topic of Africa ②in detail. There are many problems for African people ③to_solve (solve), such as poverty, sex education and health care administration. People from all over the world have demanded that leaders ④(should)_cancel (cancel) the debt of Africa's poorest countries to help them escape the ⑤painful (pain) pasts.‎ July 6, 2005‎ London ‎ At 12：45 UK time today, London ⑥was being announced (announce) by the IOC in Singapore to be the host city for ⑦the 2012 Olympic Games. London now has the ⑧distinction (distinct) of being the first city ⑨to_host ‎ (host) the event three times. The good news makes the people in London ⑩so delighted that they celebrate it everywhere.‎ Ⅴ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练 ‎(一)依据提示补全短文 Our teacher is strict with us and he is_used_to_working_hard (习惯于努力工作). He asked that we read English articles to improve our English last week. I was in_favor_of (赞成) his idea. So (But/However/So) I tried to read 21st Century at once. I found it is suitable for us students after reading it. ①It is very beneficial for us to learn English well. We all subscribed to the paper yesterday. Now all of us look_forward_to_reading_it (盼望着读报纸)．‎ The paper is published in Beijing and it comes out once a week. The content of the paper consists_of/is_made_up_of (由……组成) state affairs, sports, entertainment, stories, etc. ②I strongly believe that if we do more reading we are bound to make greater progress in English.‎ ‎(二)按要求将词汇句式升级 ‎1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词 ‎(1)asked→demanded ‎(2)tried→attempted ‎2．按要求进行句式改写 ‎(1)用“be of＋名词”结构改写句①‎ It_is_of_great_benefit_for_us_to_learn_English_well.‎ ‎(2)用as long as改写句②‎ I_strongly_believe_that_as_long_as_we_do_more_reading_we_are_bound_to_make_greater_progress_in_English.‎ 二、完形填空提能练(练专项)(限时：20分钟)‎ ‎(2016·东北三省三校联合模拟考试)“Paul must have been trying to carry his waste paper to garbage can and dropped a few pieces.” I __1__， picking them up. __2__ later I found more pieces. No quiet sighing this time. I __3__， “Who is throwing garbage？” No answer. Instead, I saw more bits of paper silently floating __4__ from upstairs. Looking up, I saw my sevenyearold son, Paul.‎ ‎“Stop making a mess.” “It's not a mess. They're __5__.” “Sorry, what did you say？” I hadn't heard him clearly.‎ He didn't answer me. Paul has autism (自闭症) and __6__ answers a question, especially when he's __7__ attentively on something else. He ran down the stairs. “Where are my other butterflies？” he asked, __8__ around. Every time Paul __9__ five or more words together, my heart says a __10__ of thanks. But lately he seems to __11__ that the benefits of forming complete sentences when communicating are __12__ of the effort.‎ Butterflies. Of course. I rushed to __13__ them from the garbage, __14__ them off and handed them to my young artist. “Want to see them __15__ again？” he asked with a shy smile. “Oh yes! They're beautiful，” I whispered. He ran back upstairs to float his __16__ down again. They really did look like beautiful butterflies.‎ That day Paul __17__ me to look up at __18__ instead of down at garbage. How many other masterpieces do I miss because I'm too caught up in my __19__ to take time to appreciate what's right in front of me? Life is not ‎ what happens to us. It's __20__ we look at it. Now, I look up.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”七岁的儿子Paul患有自闭症，但是他却把飘着的纸片看作是飞舞的蝴蝶，而“我”看到的只是地上的一堆垃圾。生活亦如此，不是我们身上发生了什么，而是我们应该如何看待它。‎ ‎1．A.laughed　　　　　　 B．sighed C．amazed D．shouted 解析：选B　根据第一段第四句“No quiet sighing this time.”可知，“我”叹了口气，把掉在地上的几张废纸捡了起来。sigh“叹气”，符合语境。‎ ‎2．A.Days B．Years C．Moments D．Weeks 解析：选C　根据语境可知，一开始只是几张废纸，于是“我”边走边拾，过了一会儿发现了更多的废纸。由此可推知，时间应该很短。moment“片刻”，符合语境。‎ ‎3．A.called out B．turned up C．got in D．added to 解析：选A　根据语境可知，这一次“我”不再静静地叹息，而是大声喊：“是谁在扔垃圾？”call out“大声叫喊”，符合语境。‎ ‎4．A.up B．down C．away D．off 解析：选B　根据本句中的“from upstairs”可知，纸是从楼上飘下来的；又由倒数第二段倒数第二句中的“down again”可知，空格处意为“向下”。‎ ‎5．A.planes B．papers C．leaves D．butterflies 解析：选D　根据第三段第四句中的“Where are my other butterflies？”可知，“我”的儿子认为这是蝴蝶。butterfly“蝴蝶”，符合语境。‎ ‎6．A.rarely B．frequently C．willingly D．eagerly 解析：选A　根据“Paul has autism (自闭症)”可知，儿子有自闭症，他很少回答问题。rarely“很少”，符合语境。‎ ‎7．A.devoted B．depended C．focused D．addicted 解析：选C　根据语境可知，儿子专注于飘落的纸片，不回答“我”的问题。focus on为固定搭配，意为“专注于……”，符合语境。‎ ‎8．A.showing B．looking C．playing D．drawing 解析：选B　句意：他一边问一边四处看。look around“四处看，环顾四周”，符合句意。‎ ‎9．A.spells B．puts C．pushes D．accumulates 解析：选B　根据上文可知，Paul患有自闭症，很少说话，所以每次当Paul把5个以上的词放在一起时，“我”就很激动。put sth. together“把某物放在一起”，符合语境。‎ ‎10．A.sound B．remark C．report D．prayer 解析：选D　根据语境可知，每当Paul多说话时，“我”就会因感谢而祈祷。prayer“祈祷”，符合语境。‎ ‎11．A.refuse B．hear C．mind D．realize 解析：选D　根据本段第四句Paul的提问“Where are my other butterflies？”可推知，最近他似乎认识到了交流时说完整句子的好处。realize“认识到”，符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.worthy B．aware C．fond D．typical 解析：选A　根据语境可知，Paul最近认识到了交流时说完整句子的好处，这种好处是值得努力的。worthy“值得的”，符合语境。‎ ‎13．A.hide B．destroy C．rescue D．remove 解析：选C　根据段首的“Butterflies.”及本句中的“garbage”表达的语境可知，“我”跑过去把这些蝴蝶从垃圾堆里救出来。rescue“拯救”，符合语境。‎ ‎14．A.tore B．dusted C．cut D．seized 解析：选B　根据常识可知，垃圾堆里是很脏的，据此可以判断，要除去上面的灰尘。dust ... off“除去……的灰尘”，符合语境。‎ ‎15．A.throw B．flow C．land D．fly 解析：选D　根据本段中的“He ran back upstairs to float his __16__ down again.”可知，儿子拿到了“我”递给他的碎纸片，害羞地问我：“还想看它们飞吗？”fly“飞”，符合语境。‎ ‎16．A.masterpieces B．schoolwork C．inventions D．imagination 解析：选A　根据“young artist”以及最后一段第二句中的“How many other masterpieces do I miss”可知，患有自闭症的儿子让这些碎纸片像蝴蝶那样在空中飘舞，这是“艺术家”儿子的杰作。masterpiece“杰作”，符合语境。‎ ‎17．A.reminded B．forced C．intended D．permitted 解析：选A　句意：那一天，Paul提醒了“我”要抬头看美的东西而不是低头看垃圾。remind“提醒”，符合语境。‎ ‎18．A.mistakes B．weaknesses C．beauty D．scenery 解析：选C　根据本句中的“instead of down at garbage”可知，空格处与该处形成对比，由此可推知，“我”‎ 抬起头看到了美。beauty“美丽”，符合语境。‎ ‎19．A.amusement B．housework C．communication D．homework 解析：选B　根据上文“我”拾起地上的废纸可推知，“我”总是做家务活，没有时间去欣赏眼前的东西。housework“家务”，符合语境。‎ ‎20．A.when B．whether C．where D．how 解析：选D　根据语境可知，生活不是指在我们身上发生的事，而是我们要如何看待它。how“如何”，符合语境。‎ 课时练(二)　阅读理解提速练(练速度)‎ ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2016·石家庄高三质检一) Common Sense Media is a nonprofit group in the United States that studies children's use of media and technology. The group has done a survey asking teachers about the effects of their students' use of entertainment media.‎ Entertainment media was defined as the TV shows, music, video games that students use for fun. Many teachers said they believe media use has hurt academic performance, which in some cases is already not very strong. Vicky Rideout wrote the report for Common Sense Media. “We have merely four in ten students feel poor at reading, at oral communication and more than that thing the students wrongly fear report writing. So we need to make sure that everything kids are doing is helping to accelerate progress and not preventing it.”‎ The survey involved 685 teachers around the country. 71% of the teachers said they believe entertainment media has reduced students' ability to pay attention in class. And almost 60% said it has hurt their writing skills. Many teachers thought it has negatively affected students' ideas about boys and girls' relationship. Many also thought it encourages aggression and antisocial behavior. Teachers who describe themselves as uncomfortable with new technologies were more likely than other teachers to see destructive effects of media use on social development.‎ But not all effects of media use were seen as bad. Almost two thirds of teachers said it also helps the students' ability to find information quickly and efficiently. And one third said using entertainment media has helped their students to multitask (同时执行多项任务) effectively. Only 25% said it just has hurt them. Teachers who consider themselves as techsavvy (科技通) were more likely than others to see an advantage to students' creativity from the use of entertainment media. Vicky Rideout said teachers accept that the way students spend their time and how they like to learn has changed.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。美国的Common Sense Media通过询问老师来调查学生在使用娱乐传媒方面的影响，老师们对娱乐传媒的作用褒贬不一。‎ ‎1．Vicky Rideout holds the view that entertainment media ________.‎ A．declines students' grades badly B．influences students' performance C．accelerates learning progress D．makes all students poor at writing 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中Vicky Rideout所说的话可知，她认为娱乐传媒影响了学生的在校表现，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．Teachers who describe themselves as technology knowers were more likely than others to ________.‎ A．see negative effects of media use B．make students aggressive C．teach students the use of media D．see the benefit of media use 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句话可知，这些老师看到的是娱乐传媒的使用给学生带来的好处，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．It can be inferred from the passage that entertainment media ________.‎ A．only affects students negatively B．may be beneficial to parents C．is a doubleedged sword D．will guide public opinions 解析：选C　推理判断题。文章第二、三段讲述娱乐传媒给学生造成的不利影响，最后一段谈到了娱乐传媒的益处，可见娱乐传媒是把双刃剑，故C项正确。‎ B ‎(2016·甘肃省高三第一次诊断)Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.‎ In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra(冻原) starts has been shifting northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this,_plants tend to grow horizontal (水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don't have enough energy to make seeds.‎ But as Earth's climate has been warming, trees no longer have to just grow horizontally. Many can instead grow up toward the sky. This takes less energy. And with all that leftover energy, these trees have started producing more seeds. This happens especially in places where white spruce (白云杉) grows.‎ White spruce, which is a North American tree, is quite able to produce a lot of seeds, which can move long distances in the wind. When windblown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line, they eventually can sprout(发芽) new trees. This explains how a forest can move. Of course, the process would work only if the tundra were warm enough. But in recent years, the whole planet has been warming.‎ New trees will provide shelters for some snow. Keeping the sun's rays from making the white surface disappear. Instead, the trees absorb the sun's heat. This warms the surrounding air. The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds. That further boosts a forest's ability to expand. In addition, more trees will trap more snow, preventing much of it from being blown away. Snow can trap heat in the soil below, which encourages trees to grow. The recent rise of temperatures has helped more trees grow past the tree line. People worry about impacts on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter.‎ ‎4．What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward?‎ A．The shrinking of northern tundra.‎ B．The rising temperature.‎ C．The fierce and cold wind.‎ D．The abundant resources in the north.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Across the Arctic, temperatures ...”以及本段的整体内容可知，不断上升的气温是北极圈树木北移的主要原因，即B项正确。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．To produce more seeds.‎ B．To move northward.‎ C．To respond to the climate change.‎ D．To protect themselves from the cold wind.‎ 解析：选D　代词指代题。根据画线词前的“Trees growing along the tree line ... cold wind.”可知，画线词this 指代的是本句中的“protect themselves from the cold wind”，故D项正确。‎ ‎6．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．New trees can trap the snow, which may make the soil colder.‎ B．The trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds.‎ C．New trees can make the surrounding air warmer.‎ D．New trees can bring more food and shelter to local animals.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“New trees will provide shelters for some snow ...This warms the surrounding air.”可推知，新树会让周围的空气更加温暖，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．The passage is most probably taken from ________.‎ A．a science report　　　　 B．a health report C．a fashion magazine D．a children's magazine 解析：选A　文章出处题。根据文章的整体内容可推知，本文主要研究的是气候变暖对北极圈植物的影响，故该文应选自科研报告，故A项正确。‎ C ‎(2016·贵阳市适应性监测考试)Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款机), I said hello to an old couple who were also paying for gas.‎ I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke began pouring from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do. A car pulled up behind me. It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station. They said they would take me to my friend's. We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.‎ I wrote him and his wife a thankyou note for helping me. Soon afterwards, I received a Christmas present from them. Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.‎ Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning. In the late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I'd left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership — a shop selling cars — was right next door. I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.‎ ‎“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble. They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. They would accept no payment. When I got home, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever taken the time to write him and say “thank you”， and it meant a lot, he said.‎ ‎“Thank you” — two powerful words. They're easy to say and mean so much.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述两个自己在遇到困难时得到他人无私帮助的故事，说明了在接受帮助时表达感谢的重要性。‎ ‎8．Why did the writer get into the old couple's car?‎ A．Because his parents were in the car.‎ B．Because his car had broken down.‎ C．Because his friend told him to do so.‎ D．Because his car's oil had run out.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，作者的车出故障了，所以他才坐老夫妇的车。‎ ‎9．From the text, we know that the old couple were ________.‎ A．talkative　　　　　　　 B．brave C．kind D．lonely 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知，这对老夫妇让作者搭他们的车去见朋友，作者下车后，这个丈夫还给了他一张名片，在作者寄去感谢信后，这对老夫妇给作者寄了一个圣诞礼物，由此可知，这对夫妇很善良。故答案选C。‎ ‎10．What did the old couple think of helping the writer?‎ A．They could get a reward.‎ B．It made their holidays worthy.‎ C．They did it by chance.‎ D．It was due to a thankyou letter.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，这对老夫妇认为，帮助作者让他们的假期很有意义，这一切都是值得的。故答案选B。‎ ‎11．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．An Experience to Missouri B．An Old Couple C．A Meaningful Holiday D．A Meaningful Thankyou 解析：选D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文作者主要讲述了两个自己受到帮助的故事。每一次受到帮助后，作者都会通过写便条来表达自己对他们的感谢。“感谢”二字虽然说起来容易，但是意义重大。由此可知，D项“一个有意义的感谢”概括出了文章的主旨，最适合做文章标题。故答案选D。‎ D ‎(2016·九江市高三二模)‎ Melbourne, Australia Melbourne is a hotspot travel destination, and it's easy to see its beautiful beaches and busy city life.‎ Why it's a great choice: Australia as a whole is considered a safe destination for international travel, and because of that, many solo travelers go there. As an Englishspeaking country, you won't be faced with any language barriers. Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!‎ Thailand Thailand is great for solo travelers — perhaps because it is one of the Buddhist mindsets, which promote equality among the sexes.‎ Why it's a great choice：Thailand is known for its friendly atmosphere, and as a travel hotspot, there are plenty of chances to meet other likeminded travelers. Well known for being very cheap, especially in the north. A good choice if you want to get away on a budget. Thailand has a lot to offer, from the partycentral Bangkok to beautiful beaches and tropical (热带的) jungle.‎ Hong Kong, China Hong Kong is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of “Zen Moments”， such as beautiful gardens and Tai Chi classes.‎ Why it's a great choice：Hong Kong is regarded as one of the safest cities in the world. If you're not welltraveled, or perhaps a bit tired of things like language barriers, Hong Kong is a great place to start, as it mixes both Eastern and Western at the same time.‎ Bali, Indonesia Bali is a spiritual place with yoga, spas, healthy food and beaches. The combination of friendly people and splendid visual culture has made Bali number one tourist attraction.‎ Why it's so great: you won't be the only solo traveler in Bali. Everyone is known for being extremely friendly and you're sure to meet some amazing characters along the way. As a Hindu island, Bali is the perfect place for a relaxing and spiritual retreat (静修). The Sacred Monkey Forest in Ubud is fantastic — if you like monkeys, anyway.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的墨尔本、泰国、中国的香港和印度尼西亚的巴厘岛这四个适合独自旅行的旅游胜地，以及它们值得一去的原因。‎ ‎12．What do the four places have in common according to the text?‎ A．They're cheap to travel around.‎ B．They're great for solo travelers.‎ C．They offer good spas and yoga.‎ D．There're no language barriers.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。通读全文可知，每个景点的介绍中都提及了 solo traveler(s), 因此选B。‎ ‎13．Where can you enjoy both convenient transport and beautiful beaches?‎ A．Melbourne, Australia.‎ B．Thailand.‎ C．Hong Kong, China.‎ D．Bali, Indonesia.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据 Melbourne, Australia 部分第一段的“its beautiful beaches and busy city life”以及第二段中的“Melbourne is easy ... walk or bike practically anywhere！”可知，在澳大利亚的墨尔本你可以享受到便利的交通和美丽的沙滩。‎ ‎14．What has made Bali No. 1 tourist attraction?‎ A．Yoga, spas, healthy food and beaches.‎ B．Friendly people and splendid visual culture.‎ C．Meeting some amazing characters along the way.‎ D．Fantastic monkeys in the Sacred Monkey Forest.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据 Bali, Indonesia 部分第一段的第二句可知，友好的人们与精彩的视觉文化融合使巴厘岛成为第一观光胜地。‎ ‎15．What type of writing is this text?‎ A．A travel journal.‎ B．A business report.‎ C．A travel guide.‎ D．A press advertisement.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四个热点旅游胜地以及它们的特色、优势，因此应选C “旅游指南”。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2016·南宁第二次适应性考试)Trees around us are extremely important and have always been necessary for improving the human conditions. Our existing forests and trees we plant work to make a better world. __1__. Here is a short list of main reasons trees are necessary for improving our living conditions.‎ ‎●Trees produce oxygen ‎__2__. A leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as 10 people inhale in a year. What many people don't realize is that the forest also acts as a giant filter (过滤器) that cleans the air we breathe. Trees help clean the air by preventing airborne particles, reducing heat, and absorbing such pollutants.‎ ‎●Trees clean the soil The term phytoremediation is a fancy word for the absorption of dangerous chemicals and other pollutants that have entered the soil. __3__. Trees filter sewage and farm chemicals, reduce the effects of animal wastes, clean roadside spills and so on.‎ ‎●Trees are carbon sinks To produce its food, a tree absorbs and locks away carbon dioxide in the wood, roots and leaves. Carbon dioxide is a global warming suspect. __4__. This lockingup process “stores” carbon as wood and not as a “greenhouse” gas.‎ ‎●__5__‎ Trees block urban noise almost as effectively as stone walls. Trees, planted at strategic points in a neighborhood or around your house, can reduce major noises from freeways and airports.‎ A．We could not exist as we do if there were no trees B．Trees help clean the sky C．A forest is a carbon storage area that can lock up as much carbon as it produces D．Trees control noise pollution E．Man has been planting trees to make the planet a more beautiful world F．The modern human community has other more practical reasons to admire and honor trees G．Trees can either store harmful pollutants or change the pollutants into less harmful forms 答案：1～5　FAGCD 课时练(三)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分练(练规范)‎ ‎(限时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2016·石家庄市复习教学质量检测)Once upon a time there was a great man. He had a bright and __1__ (cheer) little girl and the man loved her very much. When __2__ little girl was growing up, the man would hug her and tell her, “I love you, little girl.” The little girl would shout and say, “I'm not a little girl anymore.” Then the man would laugh and say, “__3__ to me, you'll always be my little girl.” The little girl, __4__ was not little anymore, left home and went into the world. __5__ she went, the man would call her and say, “I love you, little girl.”‎ One day the girl received a phone call, __6__ (say) the man was ill. He couldn't talk anymore and they weren't sure whether he could understand the words __7__ (speak) to him. The little girl sat next __8__ the great man. Tears ran from both of their eyes. Her head on his chest, she remembered the wonderful times together and the __9__ (protect) from him. And then she heard from within the man, the beat of his heart. His heart __10__ (beat) out the words that his mouth could no longer say — I love you, little girl.‎ ‎1．cheerful　根据“and”可知，它前后两词词性要一致；由“bright”可知，此处用形容词cheerful。‎ ‎2．the　此处用定冠词the特指上文提到的小女孩。‎ ‎3．But　由语境可知，小女孩不愿意父亲说自己还小，但在父亲的眼里，她永远都是小孩。上下文构成转折关系，因此用But。注意首字母大写。‎ ‎4．who　根据先行词“The little girl”可知，此处用关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。‎ ‎5．Wherever　根据“went”可知，无论她走到哪里，爸爸总是给她打电话说爱她。此处用Wherever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论在哪”。‎ ‎6．saying　根据语境可知，有人打电话告知女孩，父亲病了。此处用saying作伴随状语。‎ ‎7．spoken　根据语境可知，他们不确定他能不能明白大家对他说的话。words与speak之间构成被动关系，因此用spoken作后置定语。‎ ‎8．to　句意：小女孩紧挨着父亲坐着。next to“紧挨着”，符合语境。‎ ‎9．protection　根据“the”可知，此处用名词protection。‎ ‎10．beat　全文用一般过去时，因此此处用beat。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2016·南昌二模)Harmony is very important to our society. All of us are looking forward to live in a harmonious society. As students, I thought we should first keep our dormitories with harmony. For one thing, it can create a good environment for my studies and life. For other, it can help us grow healthily. Unfortunately, there are some way to make our dormitories harmonious. Firstly, we should learn to understand each other and solve everything in the peace. Secondly, we should try to get rid our own bad habits. Lastly, we should share or get on with each other.‎ 答案：第二句：live→living 第三句：thought→think; with→in 第四句：my→our 第五句：other→another 第六句：Unfortunately→Fortunately; way→ways 第七句：去掉the 第八句：rid后加of 第九句：or→and Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2016·太原市第二学段测评)假定你是张伟，听说你的美国朋友John最近染上了吸烟的坏习惯。请你给他写一封电子邮件，说明吸烟的危害并劝说他戒烟。要点如下：‎ ‎1．吸烟有害健康，可引发心脏病、肺癌等疾病；‎ ‎2．吸烟对非吸烟者造成危害；‎ ‎3．吸烟可能引发火灾。 ‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear John，‎ I'm so sorry to learn that you have begun to smoke. ______________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ Zhang Wei 参考范文：‎ Dear John，‎ ‎ I'm so sorry to learn that you have begun to smoke. You know smoking is very harmful.‎ Firstly, smoking increases your risk of developing health problems, such as heart disease and lung cancer. Some of these problems will cause serious damage to your health and even death.‎ Secondly, smoking also does harm to nonsmokers. People who breathe in secondhand smoke face the risk of getting the same health problems as smokers.‎ Thirdly, smoking may also cause fires. The burning end of a cigarette, though small, can sometimes cause a big fire, which puts many people in great danger. Some may even die from the fire.‎ ‎ I hope you will give up smoking after learning about these risks and stay healthy.‎ Yours，‎ Zhang Wei ‎ ‎