【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题训练之三：推理判断之推测型（22页word版10篇含有答案解析）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题训练之三：推理判断之推测型（22页word版10篇含有答案解析）

2019 届二轮复习阅读理解专题训练之三：推理判断之推测型 一 My elder brother Steve gave me important lessons in values that helped me grow into an adult after our father died when I was six. For instance，Steve taught me to face the results of my behavior. Once when I returned in tears from a Saturday baseball game，Steve took time to ask me what had happened. When I explained that my baseball had broken Mrs. Holt's basement window，Steve encouraged me to confess to it. After all，I should have been playing in the park and not in the path between buildings. Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs. Holt，I offered to pay for the window if she would return my ball. I also learned from Steve that personal property(财产)is a sacred thing. After I found a shiny silver pen in my fifth­grade classroom，I wanted to keep it，but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else. I returned the pen to my teacher，Mrs. Davids，and she praised me. Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me，his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind. When I was twelve，I killed an old brown sparrow in the yard with a BB gun. Excited with my accuracy，I screamed to Steve to come from the house to take a look. I shall never forget the way he stood for a long moment and stared at the bird on the ground. Then in a dead，quiet voice，he asked，“Did it hurt you first，Mark？”I didn't know what to answer. He continued with his eyes firm，“The only time you should even think of hurting a living thing is whether it hurts you first. And then you think a long，long time.”I really felt terrible then，but that moment stands out as the most important lesson my brother taught me. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了“我”的哥哥陪伴“我”成长的经历： 他鼓励“我”勇于承担打碎窗户的责任；向老师送回捡到的钢笔；他还教育“我” 尊重生命。 1．What does the underlined word“confess”in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Cover.　　　　　　 B．Admit. C．Deny. D．Agree. B 　 [ 考 查 词 义 猜 测 。 根 据 “When I explained that my baseball had broken Mrs.Holt's basement window，Steve encouraged me to...”和下文内容可知，“我” 玩棒球时打碎了 Holt 夫人家的窗户，哥哥鼓励“我”向 Holt 夫人承认错误。 据此可以判断，画线词意为“承认”，故 B 项正确。] 2．How did the author feel when he faced Mrs.Holt? A．He was unwilling. B．He felt frightened. C．He appeared challenging. D．He was light­hearted. B　[考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs.Holt，I offered to pay for the window if she would return my ball.”可知， “我”在向 Holt 夫人解释情况时双腿打颤。据此可知“我”很害怕，故 B 项 正确。] 3．Which was the most important lesson the author learned from his brother? A．Care for the property of others. B．The value of honesty. C．Responsibility for one's actions. D．Respect for living things. D　[考查细节理解。根据最后一段的第一句“Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me，his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind.”可知，在所有的教育 中，最令“我”难忘的是哥哥对生命的尊重，故 D 项正确。] 4．What technique does the author mainly use to organize the text? A．Time order. B．Cause and effect. C．Examples. D．Logical reasoning. C　[考查写作方法。通读第二段可知，文章列举了哥哥鼓励“我”勇于承担 打碎窗户的责任、向老师送回捡到的钢笔这两件事，说明哥哥教育“我”要 对自己的行为负责；通读第三段可知，哥哥教育“我”要尊重生命。据此可 以判断，本文通过举例法组织全文，故 C 项正确。] 二 Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place­based colleges less significant，and five years from now，students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online. I applaud Mr. Gates.But what's taking us so long? As early as 1997，MIT(麻省理工学院)decided to post videos of all university lectures online，for free，for all people. But today，how many students have you met who mastered advanced mathematics or nuclear physics from MIT online videos ？ Unfortunately，the answer is not many. The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students. Those who go to the MIT website and watch courses online are surely very smart people，but it's not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft. Only the most ardent students，those who are highly motivated，will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos. The real question is why we aren't spending more to develop better online education platforms. Where is the“Avatar”of education？Think about this. The market for Hollywood films per year is worth around USD 30 billion. Education in the world is a trillion­dollar­a­year market，hundreds of times bigger than Hollywood movies. Yet the most expensive digital learning system ever built cost well under 100 million dollars. Bill Gates' prediction is going to happen. There is no doubt about it. But it will only happen when we create high­level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more than has ever been possible in the real world. 【语篇解读】　尽管比尔·盖茨曾预测，在五年后在线学习将挑战传统的大学教 育，但是从 1997 年麻省理工学院推行免费在线讲座却效果不佳的经验可知，比 尔·盖茨的预测只有在创造出高质量的在线教育资源的情况下才会应验。 5．What has Bill Gates forecast about online learning? A．It will concentrate on physics lectures. B．It will completely replace real universities. C．It will help to make universities more successful. D．It will play an increasingly important role in education. D　[考查细节理解。根据第一段的第一句“Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place­based colleges less significant，and five years from now，students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online.”可知，在 线学习将挑战传统的大学教育，在教育领域发挥越来越重要的作用，故 D 项 正确。] 6．What does the underlined word“ardent”in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Creative. B．Enthusiastic. C．Well­behaved. D．Experienced. B　[考查词义猜测。分析第三段的最后一句“Only the most ardent students， those who are highly motivated，will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos.”可知，“those who are highly motivated”就是指“the most ardent students”，据此可知，ardent 意为“热情的；积极性高的”，故 B 项正确。] 7．According to the author，what is holding back the popularity of online learning? A．The lack of lectures available online. B．The high cost of access to the websites. C．The low standard of educational websites. D．The competition with online computer games. C　[考查细节理解。根据第三段的第一句“The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students.”可知，在线 学习存在的问题是教育网站标准低、质量差，故 C 项正确。] 8．Why does the author mention Hollywood? A．To show that Hollywood produces many successful movies. B．To prove that education is more profitable than entertainment. C．To argue that movie directors should produce educational content. D．To urge that more money be spent developing education websites. D　[考查推理判断。根据第四段的第一句“The real question is why we aren't spending more to develop better online education platforms.”可知，作者提 出质疑：真正的问题是我们为什么不在在线教育平台上投入更多的资金；结 合下文介绍的好莱坞电影市场总额和在线教育市场总额的对比可以判断，作 者提及好莱坞旨在鼓励投入更多的资金发展在线教育，故 D 项正确。] 三 Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit；most people don't even notice that they're doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other，it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of. A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance，making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You won't feel any immediate effects，but repeated，drawn­ out increases in blood pressure can cause long­term health issues. So，plan to sit for a long period of time？Don't keep your legs crossed. Crossing your legs at the knee can also cause pressure on the major nerve in your leg that passes just below your knee and along the outside of your leg ， explains Richard Graves，a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis(麻痹)of some of the muscles in your foot and leg，preventing you from being able to raise your ankle—what we know as that“pins and needles” sensation. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two，repeatedly crossing your legs until you feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage. So next time you sit down，try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability，but it will also save your health in the long run. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯， 但是该习惯会引起血压升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二 郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。 9．What can we learn about crossing one's legs? A．It is a very bad social habit. B．It is usually practiced deliberately. C．It can do harm to people's health. D．It can make others feel uncomfortable. C　[考查细节理解。根据第一段的第二句“While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other，it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.”可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故 C 项正确。] 10．According to the study，sitting with your legs crossed can ． A．affect your blood pressure B．resist gravity effectively C．lead to heart attacks easily D．improve the function of legs A　[考查细节理解。根据第二段的第一句“A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压升高，故 A 项正确。] 11．In the third paragraph “pins and needles”probably means “ ”． A．slightly sharp pains B．being a little nervous C．serious muscle injuries D．being highly flexible A　[考查词义猜测。根据第三段的“This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis(麻痹)of some of the muscles in your foot and leg，preventing you from being able to raise your ankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚部的一 些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意 为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故 A 项正确。] 12．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To compare common habits. B．To give readers some advice. C．To evaluate effects of an experiment. D．To introduce research methods. B　[考查写作意图。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二 郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿， 故 B 项正确。] 四 It's been a good week for new parents：Since Tuesday，three major corporations have changed their parental leave policies to reduce pressure on employees struggling to balance work and life with a new baby. The new program，which will take effect in November，offers up to 16 weeks of fully paid leave to primary caregivers and 10 weeks of medical leave for childbirth，totaling 26 weeks for a birth mother who is her child's primary caregiver. According to The Wall Street Journal ， non ­ primary caregivers will receive up to 14 weeks of paid leave. “In the US，government mandates(命令)for paid leave are currently slim to nonexistent，”Ms. Morris said，“That means companies must seek the tough balance between supporting employees during major life events and meeting business goals. Too often，employees have not had the support they need.”Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics say only 13 percent of full ­ time workers in the United States had access to paid family leave in 2012.Willis Towers Watson benefits consultant Mary Tavarozzi told Reuters paid leave for American mothers usually lasts around a month. According to The New York Times，the United States is the only high­income country that does not have nationally mandated paid family leave.In contrast，workers in Britain are given up to 50 weeks of family leave，37 weeks of which is paid.Barack Obama has talked about closing this gap between the United States and its peers，The Times reported.In December，he began giving federal employees six weeks of paid family leave following the birth of a child.“It's time we stopped treating childcare as a side issue or a women's issue，and treated it like the national economic priority(优先 事项)that it is，”he said in his State of the Union address in January. Some studies have shown that the benefits of paid parental leave are tangible(实 际的)beyond the relief new parents experience at being able to focus on their children without worrying about money. 【语篇解读】　本文为说明文。介绍了美国三大公司在一周之内相继公布产假修 改制度，对那些刚刚有孩子的父母来说这无疑是一大好消息。 9．Why is it a good week for new parents? A．The cost they paid will be shared. B．Longer periods of parental leave are expected. C．The policy benefiting them takes effect. D．Employees' working time is becoming shorter. B　[考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“three major corporations have changed their parental leave policies”可知三大公司相继修改了产假政策；再结合“totaling 26 weeks for a birth mother”可知产假有望延长，故选 B。] 10．What did Ms.Morris say about the US's present paid leave? A．It's well carried out. B．It's supported by employers. C．Few employees really get the benefits. D．It increases the cost of the companies. C　[考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“‘In the US，government mandates(命 令)for paid leave are currently slim to nonexistent’”可知，在美国，政府对于 带薪休假的命令少得几乎不存在，由此可推知，很少有员工从带薪休假中受 益。故选 C。] 11．What can we infer from Obama's words? A．Women can perform as well as men. B．Childcare should be taken more seriously than the economy. C．Working conditions for women are worsening. D．The importance of paid family leave was once ignored. D　[考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“the United States is the only high­income country that does not have nationally mandated paid family leave”可知，美国是 高收入国家中唯一一个无全国性的法定带薪产假的国家。再结合“‘It's time we stopped treating childcare as a side issue or a women's issue，and treated it like the national economic priority(优先事项)that it is’”可知，奥巴马解释了这一 现象的原因，即忽视了带薪产假的重要性，故选 D。] 12．What may be discussed in the following paragraphs? A．People's reactions to Obama's decision. B．Reasons for a paid family leave program. C．Other advantages of a paid family leave program. D．The gap between the US and other countries. C　[考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“the benefits of paid parental leave are tangible(实际的)beyond the relief”可知，带薪产假的好处不仅仅是新 手父母在照顾孩子时不需要担心钱的问题，故下文很可能会进一步探讨带薪 产假给员工、公司或社会带来的其他好处，故选 C。] 五 After four silent years，the 27­year­old British singer Adele Adkins has finally introduced herself to the world again with Hello，the opening song from her third album 25，which will come out on Nov.20. Although Adele is a very successful singer now，music wasn't always what she saw herself doing．At age 10，when she saw her grandmother's pain over the death of Adele's grandfather，she pictured herself as a heart surgeon. “ I wanted to fix people's hearts. ” she told the UK music website i ­ D ， remembering the childhood interest she'd had in biology classes until she found out that her real talent was for singing. Adele didn't go to medical school ， but many would agree that she still has healing( 治 愈 )powers. “Her songs find the kind of memory every listener holds somewhere in their heart. This kind of feeling is what people have always liked in Adele，”said The Telegraph.“She writes a pop diary，sharing the simple secrets of her heart.” Most successful pop stars make albums at a fast pace，but not Adele. After her second album 21 won the 2012 Grammy Award for Album of the Year，she made it clear with her label that she would spend“four or five years” making her next album. She told Vogue magazine，“I won't come out with new music until it's better than 21.” Instead of seeking fame，Adele remained silent and moved to the countryside. In her free time，she loved to watch TV series Teen Mom，American Horror Story，and The Walking Dead. Living life as normally as possible is important to the singer's art.“Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who's not living in the real world，”Adele told i­D. “So I live a low­key life for my fans.” 【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了英国著名歌手阿黛尔在音乐上成功的秘密。 1．What does the text mainly tell us? A．The popularity of Adele's album 25. B．The healing powers of Adele's music. C．The secrets of Adele's success in music. D．The reason for Adele's becoming a singer. C　[考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是最后三段可推知，本文主要讲述了阿 黛尔在音乐上成功的秘密，故选 C。] 2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Adele wasn't interested in music. B．Adele wasn't good at music at first. C．Music wasn't very important in Adele's life. D．Music wasn't all Adele wanted to be devoted to. D 　 [ 考 查 句 意 猜 测 。 根 据 第 二 段 第 二 句 “At age 10 ， when she saw her grandmother's pain over the death of Adele's grandfather，she pictured herself as a heart surgeon.”可推知，10 岁时，当阿黛尔看到祖父的去世给祖母带来的伤 痛时，她想成为一名外科医生，减轻别人的痛苦。故 D 项正确。] 3．Why doesn't Adele want to make albums at a fast pace? A．To live a low­key life. B．To win the Grammy Award. C．To guarantee the quality of her music. D．To share the secrets of her heart as a musician. C　[考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“She told Vogue magazine，‘I won't come out with new music until it's better than 21.’”，并结合最后两段的整体内容可推 知，阿黛尔放慢做音乐的速度是为了追求高质量的音乐，故选 C。] 4．What can we know about Adele? A．Her album Hello will come out on Nov.20. B．She has kept a diary since childhood. C．She moved to the countryside before 2012. D．Her works are based on real life. D　[考查细节理解。根据最后一段最后两句“‘Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who's not living in the real world，’Adele told i­D.‘So I live a low­key life for my fans.’”可知，阿黛尔的音乐作品基于真实的生活。] 六 Happiness is a journey We always convince ourselves that life will be better after we get married，have a baby and another. Then we are frustrated that the kids aren't old enough and we'll be more content when they are. After that we're frustrated that we have teenagers to deal with. We will certainly be happy when they are out of that stage. We always tell ourselves that our life will be complete when our spouse( 配 偶)gets his or her act together，when we get a nice car，and are able to go on a nice vacation when we retire. The truth is there's no better time than right now. If not now， when ？ Our life will always be filled with challenges. It's best to admit this to ourselves and decide to be happy anyway. One of my favorite quotes comes from Alfred D'Souza. He said，“For a long time it had seemed to me that life was about to begin a real life. But there were always some obstacles in the way，something to be gotten through first，some unfinished business，time still to be served，a debt to be paid. Then life would begin. At last it dawned on me that these obstacles were my life.” This perspective has helped me to see that there is no way to happiness. Happiness is the way. So treasure every moment that you have. And remember that time waits for no one. So stop waiting until you finish school； until you go back to school；until you get married；until you get divorced；until you have kids；until you retire；until you get a new car or home；until spring；until you are born again to decide that there is no better time than right now to be happy... Happiness is a journey ， not a destination. So ， work like you don't need money，love like you've never been hurt，and dance like no one's watching. 【语篇解读】　我们的生活充满挑战，挑战就是我们的生活，因此，珍惜每一刻， 停止等待。享受幸福不需要等到将来，而是要把握现在。幸福是旅程，不是终点。 5．Why does the author use Alfred D'Souza's quote in the third paragraph? A．To support his viewpoint. B．To introduce one more topic. C．To enrich the content of the article. D．To compare their different views on happiness. A　[考查推理判断。根据第四段可知，Alfred D'Souza 的观点帮助作者明白了 没有通往幸福的路，幸福本身就是这条路，因此珍惜你拥有的每一刻。这也 是作者通过本文想要表达的观点。由此推断作者引用 Alfred D'Souza 的话是为 了支持自己的观点。故选 A。] 6．What does the underlined word“this” in the second paragraph probably refer to? A．Life will be better after we get married，have a baby and another. B．Our life will be whole when our spouse gets his or her act together. C．When we retire，we can have a nice holiday. D．We are in a world full of challenges. D　[考查代词指代。根据前一句可知，我们的生活总是充满挑战。画线词所 在句的意思是：最好是让自己接受这一事实，无论如何都要快乐。因此画线 词 this 指上文中提到的“我们的生活充满挑战”。故选 D。] 7．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Only when we get whatever we want can we feel our life is complete. B．Whatever happens in our life，we should live in the present. C．We shouldn't enjoy happiness at present but in the future. D．We cannot enjoy happiness now because we are facing many challenges. B　[考查段落大意。第二段讲述我们总是等待幸福，而事实的真相是，没有 任何时刻比现在更宝贵。生活充满挑战，最好是让自己接受这一事实，无论 如何都要快乐。因此推断本段主要讲述无论发生了什么，我们都应该活在当 下。故选 B。] 8．Which of the following is the best title of the text? A．Owning the present is owning the future B．Pursuing happiness is nature of us humans C．Happiness is a journey，not a destination D．How to possess real happiness C　[考查标题归纳。通读全文可知，文章最后一段的第一句“Happiness is a journey，not a destination.”对全文做了总结，生活充满挑战，因此要珍惜每 一刻，享受幸福，幸福是旅程，不是终点。故选 C。] 七 Spider(蜘蛛) webs have something in common with guitar strings. The long，thin strings on a guitar can vibrate (振动)．They move back and forth，or from side to side. So do webs made by spiders. The lines of silk they produce can carry vibrations. This movement gives the small creature information about what landed on the web. Spiders have eight legs and usually eight eyes. The animals build webs with their own soft，naturally­made silk. And much like playing the strings of a guitar，a spider can send out vibrations across its web over many different frequencies(频率)．Spiders catch their food，usually insects in their webs. They make small movements，which spread across their webs. The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web—maybe a possible mate，or something tasty to eat. Vibrations are not just used to spot what is for dinner. They are also important in courtship(求爱)，so lots of males will actually create a very specific kind of musical pattern which the females can use to determine not only that they're a male，but they're the right species，and whether they might want to mate with them as well. Spiders make their own vibrations to find out the condition of the webs. By controlling the tightness of the material，they can effectively control how information is getting to them when they hang out in the middle of the web. Spiders have a special ability to shape the physical nature of their self­made materials and creations. Scientists think that spider silk may have changed over time for this purpose. 【语篇解读】　本文介绍了蜘蛛吐出的蛛丝可以传播不同频率的振动，这些振动 让它们知道什么东西落在了蜘蛛网上并且这些振动在求爱中也非常重要。 9．How does a spider feel that an insect is caught in the web? A．Through its sense of sight. B．Through vibrations of its web. C．Through different frequencies. D．Through a musical pattern. B　[考查细节理解。根据第二段的“The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web”可知，蜘蛛可以通过蛛网的振动知道有东西落 到蛛网上了。故选 B 项。] 10．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A．Insects.　　　　 B．Strings. C．Spiders. D．Vibrations. A　[考查代词指代。根据第二段的“Spiders catch their food，usually insects in their webs.They make small movements，which spread across their webs.”可知， 蜘蛛在它们的蛛网上捕食，一般捕到的都是昆虫。它们制造出传遍整张蛛网 的小振动。所以 They 指代的是昆虫。] 11．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Silk produces vibrations as the strings of a guitar do. B．Female spiders make special sounds to attract a partner. C．Hunting will be hard for spiders if the silk is loose. D．The tightness of silk can't be adjusted once it's made. C　[考查细节理解。根据第四段的“By controlling the tightness of the material， they can effectively control how information is getting to them”可知，蛛网的松 紧度对蜘蛛捕猎至关重要，故选 C 项。] 12．The text mainly tells readers ． A．guitars and spider webs are similar B．spider webs have various functions C．spiders are skillful in hunting insects D．vibrations are vital in a spider's life D　[考查主旨大意。根据整篇文章的叙述，尤其是“The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web—maybe a possible mate ， or something tasty to eat.”可知，D 项正确。] 八 Dear Alcohol， You've been around forever. I can remember all the pain you've caused me. Do you remember the night when you almost took my father's life? I do. He loves you. Sometimes I think he loves you more than he loves me. He's addicted to you，to the way you promise to rid him of his problems only to cause more of them. You just sat back and laughed as his car went turning through the street，crashing into two other cars. He wasn't the only one badly hurt by you that night. Do you remember the night of my first high school party ？ My friends were intrigued by you. They treated you as if they were never going to see you again， drinking all of you that they could. I spent two hours that night helping my friends who had fallen head over heels for you. “I'm so embarrassed，”they said as I held their hair back so that they could throw up.“I'm sorry，”they said when I called taxis for them ，walking them out and paying the driver in advance. “This won't happen again，” they said as they were sent to the hospital to have their stomachs pumped. Two 15­year­old girls slept in hospital beds that night due to you. Do you remember the night when you took advantage of my 17 ­ year ­ old neighbor who had to drive to pick up his sister from her dance lesson？Do you know how we all felt when he hit another car head­on and killed two people in the other car？He died the next morning，too. His sister walked home from her dance lesson， and passed police cars and a crowd of people gathering on the sidewalk just two blocks away from the dance studio. She didn't realize her brother was among them at all. She never saw him again. And it was all your fault. I wish you'd walk out of my life forever. I don't want anything to do with you. Look at all the pain you've caused. Sure，you've made people happy too from time to time. But the damage you've caused in the lives of millions is not excusable. Stop attracting the people I love！Stop hurting me, please! Sincerely， Me 【语篇解读】　本文是一封写给酒的信，控诉了酒的坏处。 1．What did Alcohol do to the author's father that night? A．It made him drunk and took his life away. B．It made him kill two other people when he was driving. C．It got him into a car accident and badly injured. D．It got him into trouble and got his stomach pumped. C　[考查细节理解。根据第二段最后两句“You just sat back and laughed as his car went turning through the street，crashing into two other cars.He wasn't the only one badly hurt by you that night.”可知，作者的父亲因为酒驾而出了车祸，受 伤严重，故选 C。] 2．What does the underlined phrase“were intrigued by” probably mean in the letter? A．were interested in B．were satisfied with C．were familiar with D．were disappointed by A　[考查词义猜测。根据第三段第三句“They treated you as if they were never going to see you again，drinking all of you that they could.”可推知，作者的同 学们迷恋酒而不能自拔，由此可推知画线词汇的意思是“感兴趣，迷恋”，故 选 A。] 3．What is the author's purpose of writing this letter? A．To warn people not to drive after drinking. B．To persuade people to get away from alcohol. C．To tell people three sad stories about alcohol. D．To warn people against the pain caused by alcohol. B　[考查目的意图。根据文章第一段和最后一段的内容，尤其是最后一段的 “Stop attracting the people I love！Stop hurting me，please！”可推知，作者通 过讲述三个关于酒的悲剧故事就是要劝说人们远离酒，珍爱生命，故选 B。] 4．How was the author feeling while writing this letter? A．Shocked.　　　　　　 B．Responsible. C．Disappointed. D．Sorrowful. D　[考查推理判断。根据第一段“You've been around forever.I can remember all the pain you've caused me.”和最后一段的最后一句“Stop hurting me，please！” 可推知，作者写这封信的语气是沉痛的，控告酒的罪恶，故选 D。] Crying is the sign of the rawest of human emotions. We cry when we can't hold inside what we feel any more. We cry when we're at our best，and when we're at our worst. By we，I mean all of us. Men included. But we never see other men cry. In no western culture has it ever been acceptable for men to shed(流泪)more than a single tear，and even then it's reserved for grand victories，defeats and deaths. Dutch research suggests that women cry between three and five times more than men. Generally men and women cry over the same things—deaths，break­ups and homesickness，primarily，but researchers believe that men cry more often than women when it comes to positive events. I want to admit I'm a bit of a cryer. However，having never really experienced deaths in my life，a few weeks ago I experienced what it means to really，truly，pour my heart out in tears. See，my dog—and 24/7 companion—was killed by a car right outside my house. Being a witness to this painful event left me in shock for a good hour，but then the floodgates opened. Over the next 48 hours，I might have cried 20 times. Once or twice I crouched(蹲) on the floor with my head in my hands and tears were the only outlet. It is suggested in the book Adult Crying ： A Biopsychosocial Approach that there's certain pleasure in crying. It helps ease stress when there is no other way to express ourselves. In those days after my dog's death，I remember thinking，“I've got to stop this crying”．It felt unmanly. It felt like a sign of weakness. I've since realised that tears are for everybody；they're not gender­specific. They show we have sympathy，allow us to get rid of stress and just feel easy. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的狗遭遇车祸，作者痛哭不已，伤 心欲绝。后来作者意识到哭泣是释放压力的方式。 【长难句解读】　However，having never really experienced deaths in my life，a few weeks ago I experienced what it means to really，truly，pour my heart out in tears. 5．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? A．Crying is a raw human emotion. B．Crying is an emotion beyond control. C．Crying is an emotion showing sadness. D．Crying is an emotion showing happiness. A　[考查段落大意。通读该段可知，该段第一句“Crying is the sign of the rawest of human emotions”为该段的主题句。结合该段其他内容可知，该段主要论述 “哭泣是人类最自然的情感流露”，故 A 项正确。] 6 ． What's the difference between men and women in crying according to Dutch research? A．They cry over different matters. B．They cry at different times of life. C．Women cry more often over deaths. D．Men are more likely to have tears of joy. D　[考查细节理解。由题干关键词“Dutch research”定位至第二段，根据第二 段的“but researchers believe that men cry more often than women when it comes to positive events”可知，男女哭泣的区别是男子对于积极事物的哭泣频率要比妇 女高，故 D 项正确。] 7．What did the author think of his crying over his dog's death? A．A sign of strength. B．A sign of weakness. C．Behavior of being womanish. D．A way of reducing emotional stress. D　[考查细节理解。根据第六段，尤其是最后一句“They show we have sympathy，allow us to get rid of stress and just feel easy”可知，作者意识到哭 泣是减轻情感压力的方式，故 D 项正确。] 8．What's the best title for the text? A．Men，never cry like women B．Men，it's OK to cry sometimes C．Crying solves psychological problems D．Crying explains differences between men and women B　[考查标题判断。通读全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Crying is the sign of the rawest of human emotions”和本文最后一句“They show we have sympathy， allow us to get rid of stress and just feel”可知，本文论述的中心是“哭泣是人 类最自然的情感流露，是减轻情感压力的方式”，据此可以判断，B 项最适合 作文章标题。] 九 Working well in a team requires full cooperation. It's an important skill for almost every employee to have. Your ability to do your job is dependent upon others getting your work done, and others depend on you to get their work done. Communicate well. Lack of communication is one of the biggest reasons of a team's failure. Seek input from team members so they feel like a valuable part of the team. Communication establishes trust among team members. In addition ， communicating well can help prevent and resolve conflict. Meet regularly to keep members involved and aware of your work progress. Post decisions where everyone on the team can see them. Be flexible. In teamwork，priorities and responsibility can change instantly. Stay ready to shift focus. Training team members to be able to do parts of other team members' jobs can be a valuable part of teamwork ； being flexible helps to build appreciation for all the parts of the team. Meet deadlines. Work hard to ensure you meet established deadlines when you work in a team environment. Others are depending on your work. Negotiate timelines with your teammates at the start of a project. Doing so allows you to have a say in how work gets accomplished. Establish accountability．All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project. Although not every team needs a leader，teams require a formal way to ensure everyone does his part. Try using meetings to report on progress. Celebrate accomplishments and encourage the team. Senior executives may not always recognize the importance of some team members' work. Share congratulations at team meetings and talk about whose work is invaluable in helping you get your work done. 【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了提高团队工作效率的方法和策略。 9．What can you conclude from the first paragraph? A．Working in a team means your work is separate. B．Working in a team means your work is effective. C．Being a member of a team means your work is independent. D．Being a member of a team means your work is interdependent. D　[ 考查段落大意。根据文章第一段的最后一句“Your ability to do your job is dependent upon others getting your work done，and others depend on you to get their work done.”可知，成为团队一员意味着分工合作、相互依赖，故选 D。] 10．Which of the following deeds does not contribute to effective teamwork? A．Keeping silent in a team discussion. B．Being able to do parts of others' job. C．Acknowledging others' work publicly. D．Holding meetings to report on progress. A　[考查细节理解。通读全文可知，文章中并没有提到在团队讨论中保持沉 默有利于团队工作，故选 A。] 11．What does the underlined word “accountability” refer to in the fifth paragraph? A．Success. B．Responsibility. C．Insurance. D．Community. B　[考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句的后一句“All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project.”可知，团队工作中所有成员 都要对项目的成功和失败负责，故可推知，此处应选 B。] 12．What is the best title of the passage? A．How to Succeed in Communicating with Others B．How to Work Effectively in a Team Environment C．Ways to Work Well in Completing Projects D．Ways to Improve the Efficiency of Employees B　[考查标题判断。根据本文的关键词“teamwork”并结合全文的整体内容可 推知，本文主要讲的是提高团队工作效率的方法和策略，故选 B 项。] 十 If our kids don't fall，they don't learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. I'm the oldest of four children， and no doubt she'd had a long day with the other kids and it had slipped her mind. After waiting at school for an hour，I walked the three miles home，and when I got to my house，I shut our front door with anger，stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom's face that she'd forgotten me. Later that night，my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would still take me，but when the morning came，she refused. It was midterm，and as a straight­A student ready to start college applications，being late wasn't an option. In my mind，missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom ， I told her she was ruining my future and everything I'd worked for. But she held_her_ground，and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests. My mom didn't rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now，as a mom myself，I've realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves. It's how we self­educate to learn what's right and respectable，and what's not. It's how we become responsible and enthusiastic. Falling down makes us better，because we learn how to get up. 【语篇解读】　本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我 们在失败中学会成长。 1．Why did the author shout at her mother? A．Because she was tired after walking home. B．Because she missed some important tests. C．Because her mother had ruined her future. D．Because her mother didn't pick her up home. D　[考查细节理解。根据第一段的“After waiting at school for an hour，I walked the three miles home，and when I got to my house，I shut our front door with anger， stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom's face that she'd forgotten me.”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对妈妈没 有去学校接她非常生气。故选 D。] 2．How does the author feel about her experience now? A．Disappointed.　　　　 B．Merciful. C．Beneficial. D．Embarrassed. C　[考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Now，as a mom myself，I've realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves.”说明作者现在认为她之前的经历对她是有益的 (Beneficial)。] 3．What does the underlined phrase“held her ground” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Stuck to her decision. B．Gave in to me. C．Said yes to me. D．Stayed in the place. A　[考查词义猜测。根据第二段的“But she held_her_ground，and that day，I walked to school.”中 But 的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈 妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者去上学。] 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Offer Your Kids Help if Necessary B．Stop Rescuing Your Kids from Failure C．Be Responsible for Your Kid's Failure D．Try to Meet Your Kids' Demands B　[考查标题判断。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“My mom didn't rescue me from failure.”及“...I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves.”可知，B 项最适合 作文章标题。]