【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解记叙文典题10篇训练（九）学案（22页）

【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解记叙文典题10篇训练（九）学案（22页）

‎2018届二轮复习阅读理解记叙文典题10篇训练（九）‎ ‎【一】‎ Mark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shining new computer enviously. Jason was determined not to go against their father’s wishes but Mark was more adventurous than his brother. He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.‎ ‎“Dad will be really mad if he finds out you’ve been playing with his new computer.” Jason said, “He told us not to touch it.”‎ ‎“He won’t find out.” Mark said, “I’ll just have a quick look and shut it down.”‎ Mark had been scolded before for touching his father’s equipment. But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.‎ ‎“It was a strange-looking machine –one his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked. “It’s an experimental model,” his father had explained, “so don’t touch it under any circumstances.” But his warning only served to make Mark more curious. Without any further thought, Mark turned on the power switch. The computer burst into life and seconds later, the screen turned into colors, shifting and changing and then two big white words appeared in the center of the screen: “SPACE TRANSPORTER.”‎ ‎“Yes!” Mark cried excitedly, “It’s a computer game. I knew it! Dad’s only been pretending to work. He’s really been playing games instead.” A new message appeared on the screen:‎ ‎“ENTER NAMES VOYAGER 1: …‎ VOYAGER 2: …”‎ Mark’s fingers flew across the keyboard as he typed in both of their names.‎ ‎“INPUT ACCEPTED. START TRANSPORT PROGRAM. AUTO-RETRIEVE INITIATED（自动回收程序已启动）.”‎ The screen turned even brighter and a noise suddenly rose in volume.‎ ‎“I think we’d better shut it off, Mark,” Jason yelled, reaching for the power ‎ switch. He was really frightened.‎ But his hand never reached the switch. A single beam of dazzling white light burst out of the computer screen, wrapping the boys in its glow (光芒), until they themselves seemed to be glowing. Then it died down just as suddenly as it had burst into life. And the boys were no longer there. On the screen, the letters changed.‎ ‎“TRANSPORT SUCCESSFUL. DESTINATION: MARS. RETRIEVE DATE: 2025.”‎ ‎56．Why did Mark touch the computer against his father’s warning?‎ ‎ A．He wanted to take a voyage. B．He wanted to practice his skill ‎ C．He was so much attracted by it. D．He was eager to do an experiment.‎ ‎57．Where did the boy’s father most likely work?‎ ‎ A．In an electronic factory. B．In a computer company.‎ ‎ C．In a scientific research center. D．In an information processing center.‎ ‎58．Mark thought “SPACE TRANSPORTER” on the screen was the name of .‎ ‎ A．a computer game B．a company website ‎ C．a software producer D．an astronomy program ‎59．Why did Jason want to shut off the computer?‎ ‎ A．He was afraid of being scolded. ‎ B．He didn’t like the loud noise and light.‎ ‎ C．He didn’t want to play games any more. ‎ D．He was afraid something dangerous might happen.‎ ‎60．What happened to the boys at the end of the story?‎ ‎ A．They were blown into the air. B．They were sent to another planet.‎ ‎ C．They were hidden in the strong light. D．They were carried away to another country ‎56题　　答案：C　　考点：细节理解 ‎　　根据第五段第三句"But his father’s warning only served to make Mark more curious .Without any further thought, Mark turned on the power switch""但是他爸爸的警告仅仅使得Mark更加好奇。没有再考虑，Mark打开了开关"，选择C。‎ ‎　　57题　　答案：C　　考点：细节推断 ‎　　解析:由第一段最后一句"He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father"，"他喜欢实验并且他的目标是成为像他爸爸一样的科学家。”以及第五段第一句 “ one his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked.”“一个他爸爸从他工作的实验室买回家的”选择C ‎　　58题　　答案：A　　考点：细节理解 由第六段"It’s a computer game. I knew it！.""它是电脑游戏。我知道！”选择A　　‎ ‎59题　　答案：D　　考点：细节推断 由倒数第三段"The screen turned even brighter and a noise suddenly rose in volume.""频幕甚至变得更亮，一个噪音音量突然增大"，以及倒数第二段"He was really frightened.""他真的非常害怕"判断出D选项。‎ ‎　　60题:　　考点：推断题　　答案：D ‎　由最后一段"TRANSPORT SUCCESSFUL. DESTINATION（目的地）: MARS.RETRIEVE DATE:2025.” "运输成功。目的地：火星。恢复时间：2025."选择D。‎ ‎【二】‎ The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru’s heartbreaking story could have one good consequence — other countries might learn from its mistakes. ‎ For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island. ‎ However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns ‎ and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900. ‎ Nauru’s real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐)on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate. ‎ A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon. ‎ In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate. ‎ Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem — their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen. ‎ ‎56. What might be the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To seek help for Nauru’s problems.‎ B. To give a warning to other countries C. To show the importance of money D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.‎ ‎57. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came? A. Rich and powerful B. Modern and open C. Peaceful and attractive D. Greedy and aggressive ‎58. The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from _______. ‎ A. soil pollution B. phosphate overmining C. farming activity D. whale hunting ‎ ‎59. Which of the following was a cause of Nauru’s financial problem? A. Its leaders misused the money B. It spent too much repairing the island ‎ C. Its phosphate mining cost much money D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.‎ ‎60. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph? A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair. B. The leaders will take the experts’ words seriously. C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans D. The phosphate mines were destroyed ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。太平洋岛国瑙鲁曾经是一个美丽富饶的海岛，但是，由于内战和岛上磷酸盐矿的过度开采，很快使之成为一个生态灾难的贫瘠的海岛。作者写这一骇人听闻的故事，旨在提醒其他国家要引以为戒。‎ ‎56.【答案】B ‎【解析】根据第一段Nauru’s heartbreak story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.可知，作者认为瑙鲁的故事可以让其他国家从他们的错误中学到一些东西，作者的目的是警示其他国家。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查作者写作意图。‎ ‎57.【答案】C ‎【解析】根据第二段中的…lived on the remote island of Nauru和第五段最后一句中的Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon可知，瑙鲁以前是一个平静美丽的小岛。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查细节理解。‎ ‎58.【答案】B ‎【解析】瑙鲁岛上的生态灾难是因为对磷酸盐的过度开采。由第五段中的Strip-mining totally destroy the island和Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon可知B正确。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查细节理解。‎ ‎59.【答案】A ‎【解析】由第七段中的Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollar可知，领导人投资的不明智，加上还要把更多的钱用在个人消费上，所以导致了财政问题。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查细节理解。‎ ‎60.【答案】A ‎【解析】根据文中最后一段的“Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen. ”可知，瑙鲁的生态灾难几乎很难恢复。所以A正确。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查判断推理。‎ ‎【三】‎ ‎ In Asia, there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them. Although all kites have a similar structure （结构）, they are widely different in size and shape. Kite-fighting competitions are also held, in which competitions us their kites to attack and bring down their opponents’（对手）kites or cut their strings（线）.‎ ‎ For more than 15 years, the Big Wind Kite Factory has been giving kite-making and kite flying classes for the children on an island in Hawaii. In its kite-making lessons, students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes! Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite. Jonathan Socher and his w ife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980. their kites are made of nylon（尼龙）.Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne. The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite. ‎ ‎ The kite that is used to give lessons is regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern. The difference between this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a two-string controllable kite. Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in. Then the controls are given to the students.‎ ‎ Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites. Even the simplest structure can work, and can give hours of fun. Go on, give it a try!‎ ‎68. Which of the following is true according to the text?‎ ‎ A. A hot knife is used to iron the nylon.‎ B. Children never fly kites on their own in flying lessons.‎ C. Kite strings must not be cut in kite-fighting competitions.‎ D. Daphne designs kites for the Big Wind Kite Factory.‎ Daphne是这个工厂Big Wind Kite Factory的老板。‎ ‎69. What is different about the kite used for flying lessons?‎ A. It has two strings. B. It is simple in design C. It has a rainbow pattern. D. It is shaped like a diamond.‎ ‎70.According to Jonathan ,what do you need to have fun with kites?‎ ‎ A. A large kite. B Any type of kite.‎ ‎ C. A complex structure. D. A kite that impresses others.‎ ‎71.What is mainly described in the text?‎ ‎ A . A kite factory B. Kite-flying lessons.‎ ‎ C .Special competitions. D .The kite-making Process.‎ ‎【答案】DABA ‎【四】‎ Tail Spin Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin Grace, shown off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that she’s even swimming at all. She doesn’t have a tail.‎ Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.‎ When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it --- but her tail didn’t. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.‎ Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way---like a fish! She pushed herself forward through the water by moving her peduncles from side to side.‎ The movement put harmful pressure on Grace’s backbone. So a company offered to create a man-made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn’t hurt her.‎ The first time Grace wore the artificial tail. She soon shook it off and let it sink in the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The tail isn’t necessary for her to feel comfortable,” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉).”‎ Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much courage.‎ ‎60. When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her ______.‎ A. physical build B. potential ability C. chance of survival D. adaptation to the surroundings.‎ ‎61. A man-made tail is created for Grace to ______.‎ A. let her recover faster B. make her comfortable C. adjust her way of swimming D. help her perform better tricks ‎62. The story of Grace inspires people to ______.‎ A. stick to their dreams B. treat animals friendly C. treasure what they have D. face difficulties bravely ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是海豚的励志故事。作者通过描述海豚没有尾巴，依然可以游泳的励志故事。‎ 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分（Para. 1）‎ She doesn’t have a tail.‎ 故事背景：小海豚没有尾巴。‎ 第二部分（Para. 2-5）‎ Grace, fish trap, learned, swim, without, tail. Harmful, pressure, backbone，wore, artificial tail 故事情景：小海豚没有尾巴的原因和结局。‎ 第三部分（Para.6）‎ gives, people, courage 主旨：看到格瑞丝带着人造尾游泳给人很大的勇气。‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎60. C。细节理解题。难度：较易。第二段当中的“She was fighting for her life. Is she going to make it (她在为她的生命战斗。她能成功吗？她能活下来吗?)，与选项C。chance of survival（幸存的机会）相对应，故答案选C。 ‎ ‎61. C。细节理解题。难度：中等。第四段The movement put harmful pressure on Grace’s backbone. So a company offered to create a man-made tail for her.（运动把有害的压力压在格蕾丝的脊椎上。所以一个公司表示愿意为她创造一个人造的尾巴。）而第五段The new tail isn’t necessary for her to feel comfortable(新尾巴不是一定要让她感到舒适)，it helps to keep that range of motion and build muscles（它帮助保持运动范围和肌肉的构建）。说明作用是adjust her way of swimming ‎（调整游泳方姿势）而不是 help her perform better（帮助更好表演）。‎ ‎62. D。主旨大意题。难度：较易。最后一句中的courage是本题的题眼。作者在最后告诉读者本文写作目的，即鼓励人们在逆境中要勇敢、要有勇气，故答案为D。‎ ‎【难句学习】‎ ‎1. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that she’s even swimming at all.‎ 翻译：然而，最令人惊讶的事情是她甚至在游泳。‎ 分析：The most amazing thing about her 是主语，that引导表语从句。‎ ‎2. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn’t hurt her.‎ 翻译：这尾巴必须强大到足以保持在格瑞丝身上当她游的时候，而且又得足够柔软以至于不会弄疼她。‎ 分析：as引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎3. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery.‎ 翻译：本月,格瑞丝将明星在海豚的故事,电影,关注她的救援和恢复。‎ 分析：a film 是Dolphin Tale 的同位语；that引导定语从句，修饰a film。‎ ‎【五】‎ When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet (图章) ring. They were the "in" thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials (姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.‎ What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn't being "replaced". We'd been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything—so most of the “new" stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what we'd lost. But not my ring. My ring was new.‎ Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.‎ Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents' when Mum told ‎ me that she had something for me. It wasn't my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift-giving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “You’ll recognize this one," she said, smiling.‎ Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside. The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring. They'd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother. And it still fits me.‎ ‎56. The underlined word "in" in the first paragraph probably means "_____".‎ A. fashionable B. available C. practical D. renewable ‎57. When she got the ring back, the writer was about _____.‎ A. 13 years old B. 15 years old C. 26 years old D. 28 years old ‎58. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. The writer's family moved several times.‎ B. The writer never stopped looking for her ring.‎ C. The writer's ring was cleaned up by the new house owner.‎ D. The writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.‎ ‎59. What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. My New Ring B. Lost and Found C. Lost and Replaced D. An Expensive Ring ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。表述情节：我13岁生日时得到一枚署名戒指，然后不久不慎失落，尽管努力寻找却未得，在搬家之后多年，被买家意外发现，最终我失而复得这枚戒指。‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎56. A. 词义猜测题。难度：难。旧词新意。根据题干，定位第一段句首：When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet(图章) ring. They were the "in" thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. 可知：我梦寐以求一枚署名戒指是因为似乎每个小姑娘都有一枚这样的戒指。in, adj. 在里面的；时髦的。与A. fashionable同义。‎ ‎57.‎ ‎ D。细节理解题。难度：偏易。由第一段得知，13岁生日得到戒指。第三段最后一句话：And two years later, we sold the house and moved away。第五段第三、四句：The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring。可知15岁时搬家，13年后戒指失而复得，这年应该28岁。‎ ‎58. A。细节判断题。难度：中。由第三段可知：15岁那年，作者一家搬家了。在第四段段首：Years passed, and a couple of moves later，可知，在这些年中他们又搬过几次家。A正确。‎ ‎59. B。主旨大意题。难度:中。全文描述了一枚失落15年的戒指重新回到主人手中。‎ 干扰项排除: 文章第二段首句：What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn't being "replaced".可见：这枚戒指不可替代。故排除C. Lost and Replaced。最后一句：“My ring was new.”但时隔多年，第五段最后第二句：They'd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother.对方请专业的珠宝商对这枚戒指进行了处理，说明它已经不新了。故排除A. My New Ring。文章未曾谈及戒指的价格，故排除D. An Expensive Ring。‎ ‎【六】‎ Pride and Prejudice for the Modern Woman Let us imagine how Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen's most famous work, ‎ might be updated, 200 years on.‎ Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. Here's my own suggestion. . .‎ It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism.‎ ‎“My dear husband," said his hopeful wife one day, “have you heard that the local store, standing empty for so long, is taken over by a bright young businesswoman?"‎ Her dull and indifferent (漠不关心的) husband replied that he had not. "But it is, it is," she replied excitedly. Mr Dull-Husband made no reply.[来源:学&科&网]‎ ‎"Don't you want to know her plans?" she cried with some impatience.‎ ‎"Well, clearly you think it matters to your silly little head... so I'd better listen.”‎ ‎"Well, my dear, the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern England, though how a woman can know anything about that is beyond me. She will move in herself next month. "What is her name?" "Bingley.”‎ ‎"Is she married or single?"‎ ‎"What a question! And none of your business. But her coming will be a fine thing for our five boys. “How so? How can it possibly affect them? "‎ ‎"My dear love; those lazy boys need something to wake them up. There are bound to be jobs going. "‎ ‎“Is that her point in settling here? Surely as a woman she has simply taken a fancy to the place. "‎ ‎“Nonsense, my love, how little you've noticed the world has changed. She's got a first-rate degree and some sort of business qualification, I'm told. She surely needs one of our boys! Perhaps you might give her a call. "‎ ‎“Me? No. Perhaps you can take an interest. You still have your looks, after all. She may even offer you a job. “‎ ‎“Oh, that's not likely. These new chances belong to the younger generation. But now you mention it, I think I'll go along all the same. "‎ And Mrs Bennet went along. That was 10 years ago. She is now managing director of a FTSE-listed company. ‎ ‎... It would remain the case, of course, that Mrs Bennet would be one of very few women on the company board, that her salary would be lower than her male colleagues, her bonus of a more "female" dimension and her lifespan (年限) among the city's business leaders shorter than theirs. Still, she'd no doubt have enjoyed Davos—and might even have hobnobbed (攀谈) with influential figures.‎ ‎67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Austen was born 200 years ago.‎ B. Austen rewrote Pride and Prejudice.‎ C. Austen's success lies in her wisdom.‎ D. Austen's updated work gains popularity.‎ ‎68. The underlined part in the passage suggests that Mrs Bennet ____.‎ A. had mixed feelings of admiration and surprise about Bingley B. felt kind of worried and doubtful about Bingley C. was extremely anxious to meet Bingley D. had a great curiosity about Bingley ‎69. In the eyes of Mrs Bennet, Bingley surely needed one of their boys to ____.‎ A. get married to B. work for her C. help her move in D. take over her store ‎70. What does the writer intend to tell us?‎ A. Women with brains can also be as successful as men.‎ B. Women have to pay a high price for success.‎ C. A judgment must be made free from prejudice.‎ D. Sex discrimination still exists nowadays.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者虚拟了一个类似于200年前简.奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》的故事。主人翁班内特太太听说一个聪明年轻的女商人要来他们家附近接管一家商店，她对她充满了惊讶羡慕等的复杂情感，但同时却不忘借此为她的孩子谋一份工作，自己也趁机进了公司，成为其中的一名懂事，但薪水，奖金都比男性低，说明女性依然在遭受歧视。‎ 段落 关键词 大意推测 第一部分（Para. 1-2）‎ popularity; intelligence; a very different life; single woman with brains; deserve equal opportunities 奥斯丁受欢迎是因为聪明；现在会有不同的生活；有头脑的单身女人会该拥有跟男人平等的机会。‎ 第二部分（Para. 3—18）‎ local store; taken over; jobs going; surely needs one of our boys; go along all the same 接管当地一家商店；工作机会；需要我们的一个孩子；我也一起去找份工作。‎ 第三部分（Para.19—20）‎ managing director; salary lower ; bonus more 执行经理；薪水，奖金都比男性低；年限比男性短。‎ ‎ female; life-span shorter ‎67. C。细节理解题。难度：较易。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】根据第一段中的Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence可知答案。句中的popularity与题干中的success属于“同义转述”。‎ ‎68. A。句意推断题。难度：中等。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】划线句子的意思是“一个女人怎么能懂开公司的事情，我不理解”，从句子本身能够看出班内特太太对宾利小姐的一种很复杂的感觉：惊讶和羡慕等等。‎ ‎69. B。细节理解题。难度：较易。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】根据题干的关键词定位在第16段的She surely needs one of our boys，答案一目了然。‎ ‎ 【干扰项排除】选项A，C，D的意思分别是：“想让她的一个儿子娶她”，“想帮她搬家”，“想接管她的商店”，均属无中生有，排除。‎ ‎70. D。主旨大意题。难度：中等。‎ ‎【解题思路】文章在最后一段，用her salary would be lower than her male colleagues, her bonus of a more "female" dimension and her lifespan (年限) among the city's business leaders shorter than theirs.这样的句子点名了主题：在当今社会中，性别歧视依旧存在。‎ ‎【难句学习】‎ ‎1. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters ‎【翻译】 但是现在她肯定会有不同的生活，她的性格也会不同。‎ ‎【分析】主从复合句。as引导的是一个比较状语从句。‎ ‎2. It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism.‎ ‎【翻译】最终被广泛认可的事实是：由于性别歧视，一个有头脑的单身女人会感觉自己处于很不利的地位，无论这种感觉多么严重，她都应该跟男人有平等的机会，‎ ‎【分析】主从复合句。that引导的是一个同位语从句，这个从句中有一个however引导的让步状语从句。‎ ‎3. Well, my dear, the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern England, though how a woman can know anything about that is beyond me ‎【翻译】亲爱的，人们传言，她已经在北英格兰成功创办了一系列的公司，尽管我不明白一个女人怎么会动的那些事情。‎ ‎【分析】主从复合句。that引导了一个表语从句;though引导的是一个让步状语从句，在这个让步状语从句中，主语是how引导的主语从句。string of 一系列的; beyond me这里的意思是“超出了我的理解”。‎ ‎【七】‎ One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. "This boy has lost his family," he wrote. "He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I'm very worried about him. Can you help?”‎ ‎ I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically ‎ The first two times we met, David didn't say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon--in complete silence and without looking at me. It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.‎ Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?‎ ‎ "Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with," I thought. "Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.‎ ‎ "It’s your turn," he said.‎ ‎ After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle ‎ club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.‎ ‎ Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one一without any words一can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.‎ ‎36. When he first met the author, David .‎ A. felt a little excited B. walked energetically C. looked a little nervous D. showed up with his teacher ‎37. As a psychologist, the author .‎ A. was ready to listen to David B. was skeptical about psychology C. was able to describe David's problem D. was sure of handling David's problem ‎38．David enjoyed being with the author because he________.‎ A. wanted to ask the author for advice B. need to share sorrow with the author ‎ C. liked the children’s drawings in the office D. bear the author many times in the chess game ‎39．What can be inferred about David?‎ A. He recovered after months of treatment.‎ B. He liked biking before he lost his family.‎ C. He went into university soon after starting to talk.‎ D. He got friends in school before he met the author. ‎ ‎40. What made David change?‎ A. His teacher’s help.‎ B. The author’s friendship.‎ C. His exchange of letters with the author.‎ D. The author’s silent communication with him.‎ ‎【图式导读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者以第一人称的口吻讲述了自己作为精神病医生，为一位青年患者进行治疗的经过。文章于最后一段点出主题：有时候一个人可以不需要用语言也可以深入到另一个人的内心：一个拥抱、哭泣时依靠的一个肩膀、一个友好的触摸或者仅仅是做一个倾听者。‎ 段落 关键词 大意推测 第一部分 ‎（Para. 1）‎ when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy ，David， has lost his family，very sad and refuses to talk to others，worried about him 交代故事发生的时间和地点：我在英国做精神病医生时；交代故事的主人公：一位成年的青年患者。‎ 第二部分 ‎（Para.2）‎ How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically 我对他的治疗以及对精神病例的思索与看法。‎ 第三部分 ‎（Para. 3-4）‎ The first two times， didn't say a word, I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon-- in complete silence and without looking at me, I made sure David won once or twice, arrived earlier, as if he enjoyed my company, never look at me 他在前两次治疗期间的反应：不说话、喜欢跟我下棋、我们经常下棋，我会让人赢，他来得很早，似乎很喜欢我的作陪，但从来不看我。‎ 第四部分 ‎（Para. 5—7）‎ ‎…I thought…Some months later, he looked up at me suddenly, started talking, got friends in school and joined a bicycle club, wrote to me， Now he had really started to live his own life.‎ 我对他的思索以及他的变化：大概几个月后他突然看我了，然后他开始说话了，在学校里也有了朋友，并且参加了自行车俱乐部，还几次写信给我，他真正开始了自己的生活。‎ 第四部分（Para.8）‎ I also learned that one…can reach out to another person, …a hug, a ‎ shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens 点出本文主题：有时候一个人可以不需要用言语也可以深入到另一个人的内心：一个拥抱、哭泣时可以依靠的一个肩膀、一个友好的触摸或者仅仅是做一个倾听者。‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎36. C. 细节理解题。根据关键词David定位信息于第一段。根据信息He kept… walking up and down restlessly（不安地），可以判断选项C为正确答案。nervous与原文中的restlessly为同义词不同词性的复现。‎ ‎37. D．推理判断题。从第二段末两句，作者对于精神病的看法可以得知，作者对于精神病例的治疗很有治疗经验，判断作者对于治疗David的病“很有把握”，D项为正确答案。‎ 干扰项排除：A项“愿意倾听David的诉说”为最大干扰项。貌似与原文第二段末句Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically（有时候能为患者做的最好的事情是以坦诚和同情心去倾听）从逻辑上一致，但本句仅为作者对于精神病患者从笼统意义上的看法，该项错在了推理过度。B项“对于精神病学持怀疑态度”，根据文章首段首句“作者是一个精神病医生“可排除该项。C项“能够描述David的病情，与第二段第二句There are problems…no words can describe相悖。‎ ‎38. D. 推理判断题。根据关键词enjoyed being with the author定位信息于原文第三段第二句。详读整段文字，寻找原因（他的表现）。根据首句Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed（他通常都比约定时间早到），结合末句It seemed as if he enjoyed my company，可以推断，作者通过David通常都早来的表现，得出David很喜欢和自己呆在一起。看选项，D项“因为他在下棋时容忍了作者好多次”符合逻辑。‎ ‎39. A. 推理判断题。根据第四段末句和第五段：Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly. "It’s your turn," he said.知道，几个月后的一天David开始看我并开始对我说话了。再根据第六段全段可知：从那天起，他开始说话，并且交了朋友、参加了社团等”，而且从此“开始了新生活（末句）”。而且根据He wrote to me a few times，得知，这些都是他结束治疗写信告诉我的，判断：A项“几个月的治疗之后，他痊愈了。”为正确答案。‎ ‎40. D. 推理判断题。立足全文：作者对David在治疗过程中的描述中，David在治疗的前几个月，“didn't say a word”，“in complete silence and without looking at me”以及作者的思索“Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering”可知作者对于 David的治疗主要采取的是无声的陪伴。故D为正确答案：是“作者与他的无声交流”使David改变了。同时D选项也符合末段第二句交代的文章主旨：But I also learned that one--without any words--can reach out to another person. （有时候一个人可以不需要用言语也可以深入到另一个人的内心）。‎ ‎【难句学习】‎ ‎1．He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me. ‎ ‎【翻译】他坐在那里，只是抬头看着我身后的墙上的几幅儿童画。‎ ‎【分析】本句的主句为He sat there，only looking…为现在分词作伴随状语。‎ ‎2．It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.‎ ‎【翻译】下棋不太容易作弊，但是我承认，我会确保让David赢上一两次。‎ ‎【分析】本句为并列句结构，but引导表转折意义的并列分句。第一个分句中，it为形式主语，to cheat in chess为不定式作真实主语。在第二个分句中，I admit之后为省略了that的宾语从句。‎ ‎3．Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down.‎ ‎【翻译】通常他都比约定的时间来得早，然后架子上拿出棋盘和棋子，在我有空坐下来之前开始摆棋子。‎ ‎【分析】本句中，before引导了一个时间状语从句。主句中，he为主语，arrived, took, began为并列谓语动词。‎ ‎4． But I also learned that one一without any words一can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.‎ ‎【翻译】但是我同时也明白了：有时候一个人不需要用言语也可以走进到另一个人的内心深处。‎ ‎【分析】本句的主体结构为But I also learned…，that之后为宾语从句，without any words为插入语。‎ ‎【八】‎ Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by ‎ way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?‎ ‎　　When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen….‎ ‎　　At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.‎ ‎　　Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.‎ ‎　　I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.‎ ‎51. Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.‎ ‎　　A. observing her school routine　　B. expressing her satisfaction ‎　　C. impressing her classmates ‎　　D. preserving her history ‎52. What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary?‎ ‎　　A. A dull night on the journey.‎ ‎　　B. The beauty of the great valley.‎ ‎　　C. A striking quotation from a book.‎ ‎　　D. Her concerns for future generations.‎ ‎53. What does the author put in her diary now?‎ ‎　　A. Notes and beautiful pictures.‎ ‎　　B. Special thoughts and feelings.‎ ‎　　C. Detailed accounts of daily activities.‎ ‎　　D. Descriptions of unforgettable events.‎ ‎54. The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ______.‎ ‎　　A. to experience it ‎　　B. to live the present in the future ‎　　C. to make memories ‎　　D. to give accurate representations of it ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是写日记，围绕作者对写日记的态度变化展开。以13岁那年，经历了一个难以忘怀的夜晚，被美景所打动，从此改变了对日记，对生活的态度，认为有意义的生活不是去回忆而是要去经历。‎ 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分（Para. 1）‎ used to be a usual activity; spend… recording…; gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper; accumulating memories a way of preserving the past 背景：写日记过去是一件习惯的事儿，通过文字记录过去生活的点滴，每每看到日记的内容就有一种满足感。‎ 第二部分（Para. 2-3）‎ thirteen years old; a long journey; was busy recording; wandered out of; diary in hand; automatically took out; nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds; experience the dramatic beauty of the ‎ valley; the dull characterizations I had set down 转折点：以13岁那年的一个旅行，经历了一个难以忘怀的夜晚，被美景所打动，不由自主地拿出笔来……以前日记的那些无聊琐事怎能和亲身体验的美相提并论呢？ ‎ 第三部分（Para. 4-5）‎ write down a special thought or feeling; no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember; at least the experiences; remain inside me; don’t live to make memories 感悟：现在只是在有特别感受的时候写日记，不再盲目地满足于：要在老的时候回忆过去。最后点题：我不再为记忆而活。‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎51. D。细节理解题。难度：较易。根据题干关键词before the age of thirteen和regarded … as …定位在第一段最后一句：After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past? 故D. preserving her history为正确答案。‎ 解题思路：首段的疑问句一定要重点关注，它是题眼，往往正确答案就在此处。‎ 干扰项排除：本题易误选A. observing her school routine 和B. expressing her satisfaction，因为在第一段中均能看到，但是只是细节中一部分，而非主题句。若选，容易犯以偏概全的错误。C. impressing her classmates 文中没有直接提出，首先排除。‎ ‎52. B。细节理解题。难度：适中。根据题干关键词 a change 和 understanding of keeping a diary定位在第三段：At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.所以B. The beauty of the great valley正确。‎ 解题思路：要掌握阅读理解中非解项内容的来源：①文中不容内容的嫁接，如：A dull night on the journey来自I went on a long journey, on my last night there, the dull characterizations，本选项干扰性极强。②断章取义，如：D. Her concerns for future generations.正确答案应该在At that point, I understood…③因果关系、逻辑关系的倒置，如C. striking quotation from a book.就是出现在思想变化之后。‎ 干扰项排除：本题极易误选A. A dull night on the journey，因为在第二段中出现了On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand，但是出题人设下了一个陷阱：dull，对文中的内容进行了篡改，故排除。D. Her concerns for future generations.定位在第二段：I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels.只是在美景之前的想法，并不是导致作者思想变化的原因，故排除。选项C出现在倒数第二段，与本题的题干没有多大关系，故排除。‎ ‎53. B。细节理解题。难度：较易。根据题干关键词now和 put in her ‎ diary定位在第四节首句：Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.故选项B. Special thoughts and feelings.正确。‎ 干扰项排除：考生一定要先抓住关键词所在的句子：Now, I only write in…，有的考生选D和A项，因为他们看到了：I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures…,其实but后面才是作者的真正想法，but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful.而不是难以忘怀的事件。所以排除A项和D项。C. Detailed accounts of daily activities.根据第一段首句可知writing in my diary used to be a usual activity.已经过去，现在不这样做了，即使第二段中出现 I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across.也是以前，而不是现在，故排除C项。‎ ‎54.A。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据题干关键词realize和to live a meaningful life定位最后一段的but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.点出主题：活在当下experience很重要。‎ 解题思路：末段往往照应首段，注意这里的but标志词，含有转折关系的词也是题眼所在。‎ 干扰项排除：B. to live the present in the future 可以定位在第四段：I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.很显然作者是对这种做法的否定，故排除。C. to make memories 可以定位在最后一段的最后一句：I don’t live to make memories故排除。D. to give accurate representations of it可以定位在最后一段的第二句：Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places也许不再有那么多……故排除。 ‎ ‎【九】‎ In my living room, there is a plaque(匾) that advises me to “Bloom(开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s，when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.‎ Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eightmile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of ‎ hopelessness.‎ From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom(忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy's classroom, I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don't know, poke greens are a weedtype plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.‎ Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the oneandonly steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph.D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.‎ ‎61．“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph I refers to ________．‎ A．a program directed by Dorothy B．a course given by the author C．an activity held by the students D．an organization sponsored by Union College ‎62．In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing ________．‎ A．the long track B．the poor houses C．the same train D．the winding road ‎63．Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by ________．‎ A．a warm welcome B．the sight of poke greens C．Dorothy's latest projects D．a big dinner made for her ‎64．What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?‎ A．She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.‎ B．She got a pen as a gift from the author.‎ C．She passed the required assessment.‎ D．She received her Ph.D. degree.‎ ‎65．What does the author mainly intend to tell us?‎ A．Whatever you do, you must do it carefully.‎ B．Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment C．However poor you are, you have the right to education.‎ D．Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，通过作者对一块匾引起了回忆。想起了当年在一个穷困的山村里的一个课程，印象最为深刻的是Dorothy。在叙述过程中写出了作者由之前看到低矮破旧的房子产生的沮丧心情，到后来受到了学生的热烈欢迎及学生的表现而心理产生了变化。‎ 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分（Para. 1）‎ It reminds me of…occasional visits to the classroom…in my memory…‎ 睹物思人，看到匾，想到了Dorothy,进行回忆。‎ 第二部分（Para.2）‎ ‎...the same track five times...rather than feeling excited...,I found it depressing.‎ 去山村学校路上带来的一些麻烦，以及低矮破旧的房子产生了沮丧之情。‎ 第三部分（Para.3）‎ I was greeted with...and treated like a queen. ...serving poke greens salad and cornbread...‎ 到校后收到了学生的热烈欢迎。‎ 第四部分（Para.4）‎ ‎…enthusiasm never cooled down ‎ ‎…to celebrate her victory…a treasure symbol of …‎ Dorothy的出色表现，以及我对他的评价.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎61.B。事实细节题。难度：中等。文章第一段中提到：I was teaching “Early Childhood Development” through a program,可知Early Childhood Development是作者教的一门课程。‎ 干扰项排除: A 选项出现了program，容易误导学生选择，但后面给的是Dorothy,而这是作者的记忆深刻的人；C选项明显错误；D选项提到了Union ‎ College，但说的是由Union College赞助的一个组织，而这是错误信息。‎ ‎62.B。推理判断题。难度：较易。文章第二段“the small shabby house house gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.”,题干是作者看到了什么而感到非常失望，所以答案选择B。‎ 干扰项排除:A选项是the long track, C选项的the same train 及D选项的the winding road ,这三个选项都是作者在去这个学校途中的几件事，作者用了“3而不是让作者失望的事。‎ ‎63.A。推理判断题。难度：较易。文章第三段 I was greeted with.smiling faces and treated like a queen可知作者受到了热烈欢迎。‎ 干扰项排除：B选项poke greens salad,是Dorothy 告诉作者他们正在做，作者没有看到。C选项没有提及。D选项这顿饭并不是为她做的，是学生们were preparing … for dinner.‎ ‎64. C。推理判断题。难度：中等。’ ´she come to the assessment and passed in all areas.可知答案选择C。‎ 干扰项排除：A 选项Dorothy邀请作者去“steak house”来庆祝她的成功,而选项给的是restaurant,故错误。Ｂ选项文中提到的是Dorothy 给作者一支钢笔，而不是Dorothy 得到了一支钢笔。D选项说Dorothy 获得博士学位，而文中的信息是用了虚拟语气，“as if she had received her Ph. D. degree.”‎ ‎65.D。推理判断题。难度：中等。文章开篇明义，开头部分： in my living room, there is a plaque that advises me to “bloom where you are planted”,指出，无论在哪都能实现自己的成就。因此，答案选择D。‎ ‎【难句学习】‎ It reminds me of Dorothy.‎ 翻译：这让我想起Dorothy。‎ 分析：remind sb of sth.让某人想起某物。还可以用: remind sb to do; remind sb that……‎ ‎2. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.‎ 翻译：在我的记忆里，Dorothy作为一位在她自己偏远地区“开着花的”人而印象尤为脱出。‎ 分析：stand out ,动词短语，突出，杰出。Who 引导了定语从句，修饰先行词one。bloom在此处用了比喻的说法，bloom in her remote area,‎ 是指哪怕在偏远地方也照样开着花，也就是在哪都会获得成就。‎ ‎3．Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing.‎ 翻译：我没有感到驱车过大山时的兴奋，相反，我感到很沮丧。‎ 分析： rather than… “没有、而不是” 。I found it depressing，本句用了动宾补结构, it 这里指前文的drive through the mountains, depressing，这里是令人沮丧的。‎ ‎4. She invited me to the one –and- only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph.D. degree.‎ 翻译：她邀请我去本地区唯一一家牛排店来庆祝她的胜利，好像是她拿到了博士学位似的。‎ 分析：as if 此处引导了虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，用了过去完成时。‎ ‎【十】‎ The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis’s Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack’s dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp.‎ ‎ “So,” Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. “How did this place get its name?”‎ ‎ “Are you sure you want to hear it? It’s a scary story,” warned Jack.‎ ‎ “Of course!” cried out Tom. “If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn’t have chosen this place!”‎ ‎ “Ok, but don’t say I didn’t warn you,” said Jack, and he began this tale.‎ ‎ “Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different ---- it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.‎ ‎ “‘You are clearing too much land,’ warned one old man. ‘ The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it. ’‎ ‎ “‘Silly fool,’ said Dennis to himself. ‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier. He’s just jealous!’”‎ ‎ “Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”‎ ‎ “What happened?” Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.‎ ‎ “The land hit back -- just as the old man warned,” Jack shrugged. “Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found.”‎ ‎ “What a stupid story,” laughed Tom. “Plants can’t …” Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted (晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom’s face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.‎ ‎56. The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to ________.‎ ‎ A. courage B. assistance C. instruction D. challenge ‎57. Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?‎ ‎ A. To frighten them.‎ ‎ B. To satisfy their curiosity.‎ ‎ C. To warn them of the danger of the place.‎ ‎ D. To persuade them to camp in the swamp.‎ ‎58. Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?‎ ‎ A. The old man envied him. B. The old man was foolish ‎ C. He was too busy to listen to others. D. He was greedy for more crops.‎ ‎59. Why did Tom scream and faint?‎ ‎ A. He saw Dennis’s shadow B. He was scared by a plant ‎ ‎ C. His friends played a joke on him. D. The weather became ‎ extremely cold.‎ ‎60. What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?‎ ‎ A. Grasp all, lose all. B. No sweat, no sweet.‎ ‎ C. It is no use crying over spilt milk. D. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是人物故事类。本文通过三个朋友在沼泽地野营时Tom讲述的故事，告知我们贪多必失的道理。‎ 段落 关键词、句 大意推测 第一部分（Para. 1-5）‎ the campfire；the darkness；damp cold；a strange place; How did this place get its name;‎ 故事背景：在沼泽地野营时的环境描述，三个朋友对沼泽地得名的好奇、从而引出故事的讲述。‎ 第二部分（Para.6-11）‎ Dennis tried to start a farm; grow more crops; chop down trees, so eager to expand his farm; did not notice salt seeping; dragged；never found 故事讲述：Dennis为了种植庄稼,不顾一切地开垦了大片荒地，Dennis为自己的成功感到自豪时，被沼泽地的植物拽入水中，从而销声匿迹，落了个一无所得，死无全尸。‎ 第三部分（Para.12）‎ What a stupid story; screamed and fainted; appreciate the joke;‎ 结尾： 在谈论故事时，Tom被沼泽常春藤吓到了。‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎56. D。猜测词义题。难度：中等。根据第一段中的The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis’s Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place.可知来自于篝火的光照亮了黑暗却不能阻止深入骨髓的Dennis沼泽地的湿气可见这是一个奇怪的地方。三人来此野营是Jack的一个挑战。A. courage 勇气、胆量；B. assistance帮助、协助；C. instruction指示、说明；D. challenge挑战 解题思路：从本段中的环境描述和三人对野营的喜爱可以得知接受jack的应该是一个挑战。‎ 干扰项排除：考生易选A项，考生易于从此的本意入手，不能结合语境判断词汇的含义。‎ ‎57. B。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据段落中的几个朋友的不断发问和词汇“cried out Tom”的使用，可知孩子们对于Dennis沼泽地的得名充满好奇。‎ 干扰项排除：考生要结合上下文找准题目的切入点。本题从题干分析可知，要求找出故事讲述的背景。D项明显与题目相悖，选项是说服他们去沼泽地野营应该是在野营前的事而故事的讲述是在野营时的讲述，明显有时间差；A、C两项，偏离了故事讲述得背景。故事的讲述是对Dennis沼泽地得名的阐明。有的同学在选题中不能很好的理解题意和题干、不结合语境。‎ ‎58.D。细节题。难度：较易。根据题干定位到到7、8段。从“‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier.”如果我能清理更多的地，我就能种更多的庄稼我能变得更富有。可知Dennis对种植更多庄稼的贪婪和渴望。这也就是他忽略老人的警告的原因。‎ ‎59. C。推理判断题。难度：中等。根据题干关键词scream and faint 定位倒数第一段。文中 “Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom’s face.”有一些绿色的常春藤盖在Tom脸的上。可知Tom答案。[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎60. A。推理判断题。难度：较难。从文中的故事讲述可知，Dennis不顾一切地垦荒和对种植更多庄稼的贪婪之心，局却是被水中植物拽入水中，一无所得，死不见尸。‎ 解题思路：故事的结尾一般是作者的感想或得出的启示教训，。‎ 干扰项排除：A贪多必失；B不劳无获；C覆水难收；D向不犯错误就一事无成。‎