2020届北师大版高考一轮复习必修三学案：Unit9SectionⅠWarm_up&Lesson1

2020届北师大版高考一轮复习必修三学案：Unit9SectionⅠWarm_up&Lesson1

Nowadays more and more families own private cars. Private cars, as the product of modern civilization, have been playing a vital role in people's daily activities. First, private cars are a convenient means of transport. You can drive wherever you like. Second, there is no doubt that private cars will have a great impact on the economic growth . The rapid development of car industry will contribute much to keeping the country's economy growing at a higher rate in the near future.‎ But every coin has two sides. The rapid development of private cars will bring about a series of problems. For example, the waste air given off by cars will do great harm to our health, too many private cars will lead to traffic jams and a great deal of energy will be wasted.‎ So I think we should take advantage of private cars and make them serve us better. Meantime I hope that satisfactory solutions to these negative problems will be found soon.‎ Section_ⅠWarmup__&_Lesson_1_—_Prereading Return of the white bikes!‎ People have been enjoying① the benefits② of cycling in Amsterdam③ for years. It is a good city for cycling because it is flat④ and therefore⑤ is convenient⑥ for bikes. There are also plenty of places for bicycle parking⑦ and most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path. Today some people call Amsterdam the “City of Bicycles” because of the convenience⑧ for bicycles there.‎ In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans had an idea. They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren't allowed⑨ in the city centre and only bicycles were.They were hopeful⑩ that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide⑪ free public transport. The group painted⑫ hundreds of⑬ bicycles white and placed⑭ them in lots of neighbourhoods⑮ around Amsterdam for people to use. Anyone was allowed to take them and use them for short journeys. Wherever⑯ someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else⑰ to use. The problem was that it didn't work⑱ — thieves⑲ took all the bicycles within weeks！‎ ‎①have been enjoying是现在完成进行时。表示动作始于过去，持续到现在(刚刚停止)或将来(继续进行下去)。‎ ‎②benefit /'benIfIt/ vi.& n．得益；好处 benefit from从……中获益 ‎③Amsterdam /ˌæmstə'dæm/ 阿姆斯特丹 ‎④flat /flæt/ adj.平的 ‎⑤therefore /'ðeəfɔː/ adv.所以，因此 ‎⑥convenient /kən'viːniənt/ adj.方便的，便利的(convenient不能以人作主语)‎ be convenient for sb.对某人来说是方便的 ‎⑦parking /'pɑːkIŋ/ n．停车场 No parking！禁止泊车！‎ ‎⑧convenience /kən'viːniəns/ n．方便，便利 ‎⑨allow vt.允许，准许 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事 ‎⑩hopeful /'həʊpfəl/ adj.(人)抱有希望的 be hopeful that ...希望……‎ ‎⑪provide v．提供，供应 ‎⑫paint ...(colour)漆上或染上某种颜色 ‎⑬hundreds of成百上千的　⑭place vt.放置 ‎⑮neighbourhood /'neIbəhʊd/ n．街坊；邻近地区 ‎⑯wherever /wer'evə/ conj.无论在何处，无论到哪里，此处引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter where。‎ ‎⑰someone else别人 else与someone, anyone, everyone等连用时，所有格加在else上。‎ ‎⑱work vi.起作用，生效　‎ ‎⑲thief /θiːf/ n．贼，小偷 白自行车回来了！‎ ‎[第1～2段译文]‎ 多年来，人们一直享受着在阿姆斯特丹骑自行车的益处。这是一个适合骑自行车的好城市，道路平坦，因此方便骑自行车。还有许多自行车停放场地，城市中心的大多数街道都设有自行车车道。今天，有些人把阿姆斯特丹称作“自行车城”，因为那里为自行车提供了方便。‎ 在20世纪60年代，一群自行车迷提出了一个想法。他们认为如果不让汽车驶入市中心，只让自行车进入，那会对每个人都更有好处。他们希望这样能够帮助节约能源，减少污染，并且(给大家)提供免费的公共交通工具。他们把数百辆自行车漆成白色，并把它们放在阿姆斯特丹众多街区供人们使用。任何人都可以取用这些自行车做短途旅行。无论在哪儿结束旅程，人们都可以将自行车留在那里供其他人使用。问题是这种做法行不通——几周内，所有的自行车都被小偷偷走了！‎ However, more than thirty years later, the “white bike” is back in town — this time with a computer chip⑳ to record its every move！ To take a bicycle， you have to insert a special card. The new “white bike” is not actually white but is an unusual design with bright colours. The bikes are parked at special parking places and people who want to use them have to take them to another special parking place that has enough room.‎ There is already less traffic in central Amsterdam, because both locals and tourists have been using the white bikes. Indeed , thanks to the good ideas of lots of people, like the cycling ‎ fans in the 1960s, many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets without cars for many years.‎ Did you know?‎ The Netherlands has 14 million bicycles among 15 million people！‎ ‎⑳chip /tʃIp/ n．集成电路片，硅片 move此处为名词，表示“迁移，移动”。‎ 动词不定式短语to take a bicycle作目的状语，放在句首表示强调。‎ insert /In'sɜːt/ vt.插入，嵌入 not ...but ...不是……而是……‎ parking place停车场 parking lot(露天)停车场 indeed /In'diːd/ adv.当然，确实 thanks to多亏，幸亏；由于 thanks to ...多作状语 because of ...多作状语 due to ...可作状语或表语 owing to ...多作状语 the Netherlands /'neðələndz/ 荷兰 ‎ [第3～6段译文]‎ 然而，30多年后，“白自行车”又回到城里了——这次车上装有电脑芯片记录它的每一次移动！要使用自行车，你必须先插入一张特别的卡。新的“白自行车”实际上并不是白色，它设计独特，颜色鲜亮。自行车被放在特定的停放处，想使用自行车的人必须把自行车停放在另一个有足够空间的特定停放处。,阿姆斯特丹市中心的交通已经不怎么拥堵了，因为当地人和旅游者都使用白自行车。的确，多亏人们献计献策，就像20世纪60年代的自行车迷们那样，世界各地的许多人多年以来能在享受市中心没有汽车的环境。,你知道吗？,荷兰1 500万人口拥有1 400万辆自行车！‎ Prereading Please match the words with their proper meanings.‎ ‎1．wherever　　　　　　 A．骑自行车的人 ‎ ‎2．benefit B．驾驶汽车的人 ‎ ‎3．pedestrian C．方便，便利 ‎ ‎4．hopeful D．实际地，真实地 ‎ ‎5．neighbourhood E．无论在何处，无论到哪里 ‎ ‎6．therefore F．得益；好处 ‎ ‎7．consequence G．行人 ‎8．insert H．(人)抱有希望的 ‎9．cyclist I．街坊；邻近地区 ‎10．motorist J. 所以，因此 ‎11．actually K．后果，结果 ‎12．convenience L．插入，嵌入 ‎13. argue M．贼，小偷 ‎14．thief N．争辩，争吵 ‎15．arrest O．逮捕，拘留 ‎1～5　________　6～10　________　11～15　________‎ 答案：1～5　EFGHI　6～10　JKLAB　11～15　DCNMO Leadin Look at the following pictures and discuss which means of transportation do you like best with your partner? Why?‎ 参考答案：I_like_bicycles_best_because_it_has_the_following_advantages._First，it_can_reduce_pollution_and_protect_the_environment._Second，it_is_more_convenient_when_you_are_stuck_in_the_traffic_jam._Third,_it_can_build_our_body_and_save_money.‎ Whilereading True (T) or False (F)．‎ ‎1．Using a computer chip is to stop bikes from being stolen.__T__‎ ‎2．Now in Amsterdam all the bicycles are painted white.__F__‎ ‎3．In Amsterdam riding a bicycle is very convenient. You can find a bicycle anywhere.__F__‎ ‎4．Over 40 years people have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam.__F__‎ ‎5．In Amsterdam no car is allowed in the city centre and only bicycles are.__F__‎ Carefulreading Read the text again and fill in the chart with the information in the text.‎ Return of the white bikes！‎ Nowadays People are enjoying the benefits of cycling Reasons：‎ ‎·It's 1. flat and convenient for bikes.‎ ‎·There are plenty of places for bicycle 2. parking.　‎ ‎·Most streets in the city have a bicycle path.‎ In the 1960s ‎ ‎ A group of cycling fans had an idea.‎ ‎ Reasons: It would help to save energy, reduce 3. pollution and provide 4. free public transport.‎ Actions：‎ ‎·The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in lots of 5. neighbourhoods around Amsterdam.‎ ‎·Anyone was allowed to take them and use them for 6. short journeys.‎ ‎·Wherever someone finished a journey they would 7. leave the bike there for someone else to use.‎ Result: It didn't work — 8. thieves took all the bicycles within weeks！‎ More than thirty years later　　　‎ ‎ ‎ The “white bike” is back in town.‎ Ways:‎ ‎·A computer 9. chip to record its every move.‎ ‎·You have to 10. insert a special card to take a bicycle.‎ Results: Many people have been enjoying city centre streets without cars.‎ Studyreading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.‎ ‎1．They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren't allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.‎ ‎[句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。主句为They believed, that引导宾语从句。该宾语从句又是一个主从复合句，含有if引导的条件状语从句。‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　他们认为如果不让汽车驶入市中心，只让自行车进入，那会对每个人都更有好处。‎ ‎2．The bikes are parked at special parking places and people who want to use them have to take them to another special parking place that has enough room.‎ ‎[句式分析]　‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　自行车被放在特定的停放处，想使用自行车的人必须把自行车停放在另一个有足够空间的特定停放处。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Zipped (用拉链拉上或扣上) into a bag, it looks like a large umbrella.Unfolded, it goes along the street like any other bicycle.‎ ‎ It's the “Abike”， the brainchild (脑力劳动的产物) of British inventor Sir Clive Sinclair, who made history in the 1970s by developing the world's first pocket calculator.He described his new invention as “the world's smallest, lightest foldable bicycle”．‎ ‎ “My original thought was that if you could have a bicycle that was dramatically lighter and more firm than the ones that exist today, it would change the way in which bicycles are used，” said Sinclair.‎ ‎ The minibike, showed in Singapore last week and set to go on sale worldwide at a price of nearly $300, is built for riders as heavy as 112 kilograms and is heightadjustable (可调整高度的). It takes about 20 seconds to fold or unfold.‎ ‎ Its wheels are a quarter the size of those on a regular bicycle, but Sinclair promises a smooth ride for most cyclists.“You require no extra energy to ride the ‘Abike’ and it can go up to 15 miles per hour (24 kilometres per hour)，” he said. Constructed mainly of plastic, the 5.5kilogram bicycle folds into a package of less than 0.03 cubic metres.‎ ‎ Sinclair also invented the first pocket TV in 1984 and the futuristic C5 electric tricycle in 1985. He said he hoped the bicycle would attract common citizens, officials, campers or anyone needing transport for a short trip and he said the next step for the “Abike” was to add an electric motor in a few years.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 普通的自行车人人都见过，可是你见过折叠以后像伞一样的自行车吗？现在有人发明了这种自行车。‎ ‎1．The most important character of this kind of bicycle is its________.‎ ‎ A．big size 　　　　　　 B．light weight ‎ C．beautiful appearance D．foldable structure 解析：选D　细节理解题。由文章第二段中“He described his new invention as ‘the world's smallest, lightest foldable bicycle’．”可知答案。‎ ‎2．The wheels of a regular bicycle are ________ the size of this kind of bicycle.‎ ‎ A．four times B．three times ‎ C．onefourth D．onethird 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第五段开头可知，传统自行车车轮大小是这种新型自行车车轮的四倍。‎ ‎3．Which would be the best title of the passage?‎ A．World's Smallest Foldable Bicycle Arriving B．A New Bicycle, a Large Umbrella C．A Foldable Bicycle, a Large Bag D．A Great Inventor of a New Bicycle 解析：选A　标题归纳题。本文自始至终都在介绍一种即将上市的新型折叠式自行车的与众不同之处。因此以A项为题目既高度概括又醒目。‎ ‎4．What's the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 5?‎ ‎ A．Attracted. B．Contained.‎ ‎ C．Invented. D．Made.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据本句中的mainly of plastic可知，此处是对自行车的制造材料进行介绍。attract“吸引”；contain“包含”；invent“发明”；make“制造”。‎ B Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed, it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant (抑制药), damaging eyesight, judgement and coordination (协调), slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents. Even below the drink driving limit, driving will be affected.‎ Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.‎ The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is: ‎ ‎●50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood; or ‎●22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath; or ‎●67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of urine (尿液)．‎ Drivers who cause traffic accidents, or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.‎ Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25, 000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points; or temporarily banned from driving.‎ The same punishment applies to failing to provide specimens (样本) for breath, blood or urine tests without good excuse.‎ Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver, think before you drink.For the safety of yourself and other road users, never drive after consuming alcohol.‎ 语篇解读：酒后驾车是一种危险的行为，会对他人、对自己造成巨大的威胁，所以酒后驾车会受到处罚。因此司机应该对自己、对他人负责，切勿酒后驾车。‎ ‎5．The first paragraph is mainly about______.‎ A．the introduction of driving skills B．the damage of drinking to your body C．the effect of drinking on driving D．the process of alcohol being absorbed 解析：选C　段落大意题。本文第一段主要介绍的是饮酒后，酒精会进入我们的血液，影响我们的视力、判断力和协调能力，减缓我们的反应速度，增加我们出事故的风险，所以选C“饮酒对驾车的影响”。‎ ‎6．The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”．‎ A．alcohol B．absorption C．blood D．process 解析：选D　代词指代题。画线词所在句表示将酒精从血液中清除是一个缓慢的过程，接着说的是采取如洗澡、喝茶或者咖啡的途径来加速这一过程是不可能的，所以“it”在这里指代的是将酒精排出体外的“过程”，故选D。‎ ‎7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ‎ A．Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.‎ B．Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.‎ C．Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.‎ D．50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。依据文章第二段第二句话可知，空腹喝酒及掺着果汁喝酒会提高吸收率，所以B项正确。‎ ‎8．A driver suspected (怀疑) of drink driving ______.‎ A．should provide specimens for testing B．will be forbidden to drive for 3 years C．will be punished for 10 drivingoffence points D．should pay a maximum fine of HK $25,000‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。依据文章第四段和第六段可知，被怀疑酒驾的司机需要接受检测，提供被检测的样本，所以选A。‎ C ‎ Like most big projects, learning to manage your mother well is what you should do. Here are what I believe the best steps towards a better relationship with her. They are not necessarily surprising or revolutionary, but they have worked for many people. Try them. ‎ ‎ Remember your mother's age. As children, we often do not think that our mother has an age. Even when we become conscious of her being an individual, age does not change our view; she is still our mother. Knowing our mother's age, not just in numbers of years but in terms of her psychological and physical state, often helps us to understand her better.‎ ‎ Listen to your mother. I have found that sometimes the things my mother told me long ago are remarkably useful. If your mother knows that you respect her point of view, even if you do not share it, it will help her feel close to you.‎ ‎ Remember that your mother has a past. A key step in managing our relationship with our mother is to find out about her early life. Nicole's mother suffered much during the Second World War. “My parents are both JewishTurkish. They met in France and married young for love. They were in their twenties when the war broke out and because they were Jews, they had to go into hiding. She did speak to me about the war, and I think it is important to know what she went through. It is a part of her life that must have affected her deeply.” Sometimes, in learning about our mother's past, we know that it can encourage us to think about her whole life.‎ ‎ Ask your mother about your childhood history. My grandparents died when I was young. If you are fortunate enough to have living family, think of your life as a_jigsaw_puzzle and ask as many questions as you can to put the picture together. Understanding your roots and your childhood can help you know more clearly who you are, as part of a family which you share with your mother.‎ ‎ Keep a sense of humor about your mother. When we hear about someone else's misfortunes with their mothers and are amused by them, our laughter is a recognition. I have often listened to stories of difficult mothers and I have also listened to the following piece of advice they have found most helpful: “Have a sense of humor about your mother.”‎ ‎ Remember that managing your mother is really about managing yourself. Taking any measure to manage our mother is the issue of how we manage ourselves. No matter how difficult we find her, it is important to remember that it is not her behavior itself that is causing us ‎ discomfort, but the way we feel about her behavior. We should follow the way of her life. At the heart of managing your mother is being able to accept your flawed (有缺点的 )self. Only then are you able to accept your mother — with all her failings.‎ ‎9．The followings are the steps you can take to get on with your mother EXCEPT that ________.‎ A．remember your mother's age and past B．share your roots and your childhood with your mother C．don't have a sense of humor about your mother D．manage your shortcomings while managing your mother 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第六段中的“Keep a sense of humor about your mother.”可知选C。‎ ‎10．What does the underlined phrase “a jigsaw puzzle” mean?‎ ‎ A．拼图玩具 B．浏览迷宫 ‎ C．填充字谜 D．游戏人生 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据“put the picture together”可知选A。‎ ‎11．Which of the following is implied but not stated in the passage?‎ ‎ A．It will help you have a better relationship with your mother if you respect her opinion.‎ B．You should follow a very useful piece of advice — a sense of humor.‎ C．The key measure of managing our mother is how we manage ourselves.‎ D．It is unreasonable to expect our mother to change totally from the way she was brought up.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。D项文中并未陈述，但可根据最后一段中的“We should follow the way of her life.”推知。‎ ‎12．The main purpose of writing the text is ________.‎ A．to give information about how you think of your mother　‎ B．to improve the relationship with your mother C．to keep a sense of humor about your mother all day long　‎ D．to accept your mother — with all her failings 解析：选B　写作意图题。本文主要就如何改善自己与母亲的关系提出了一些建议，故选B。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 As you grow rapidly through your teenage years, you will experience a lot of changes. The changes may seem difficult. __1__ Don't panic! You will deal successfully with them! You are a young adult now!‎ ‎ With more responsibility, you will find more freedom to make your own choices. In this way you can make wise decisions. __2__ You may already know your career path or you may have no idea at all what you want to do. Both situations are fine! Work hard and right opportunities will present themselves to you. ‎ Young adulthood means greater freedom and more choices. __3__ But try not to shut your family out of your life. You should learn to think of others even though you are old enough to look after yourself.‎ It is also perfectly natural at this time for you to spend more time with your friends than your family. __4___ A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens.‎ This period is a part of the life cycle. These are some people who will be with you throughout life's journey. There will be some people with whom you go separate ways. Leaving school can be hard. The reality is that you may not even see all of your classmates again.‎ You are a young adult. It is your life. No one can live it for you. __5__ So making the right choices will be important to you. Life is for living. Enjoy your life wisely!‎ A．Choose your friends wisely.‎ B．They will help shape the future.‎ C．They may seem to happen quickly.‎ D．You will probably want to be independent.‎ E．You may appreciate what you have in your own life.‎ F．The choices that you make from now on will be your choices.‎ G．Your family has been with you since you came into this world.‎ 答案：1～5　CBDAF