【英语】2020届牛津版高三英语一轮复习：课时作业二十四模块4Unit3Tomorrow

【英语】2020届牛津版高三英语一轮复习：课时作业二十四模块4Unit3Tomorrow

课时作业 二十四 　模块4　Unit 3 Tomorrow's world2‎ 建议时间 / 40分钟 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 词数:312 　主题:大数据 　文体:说明文 Companies that have invested(投资) heavily in big data want to know how to make smart investments that will distinguish them from the competition and enable the best possible return before making the decision to go all in. In the past, not all enterprise big data plans went as planned. These failures are not usually published, but the big data failure rate is unusually high.‎ According to Gartner, only 15% of businesses make it past the experimental stage of these projects. Our fear, as leaders of technology companies, is that with so much attention surrounding AI, the pressure is on for us to apply the technology without first setting clear business goals and understanding the differences between AI and ML and how they should be applied, thus risking falling behind the many decision makers who are adopting technologies.‎ It's easy to get caught up in the great expectation of artificial intelligence as it's promoted, including breakthroughs like deep learning, but those looking to make an outsized influence should instead focus on good old-fashioned machine learning—or cheap learning.‎ The distinction is simple: cheap learning is about using basic machine learning techniques on straightforward data sets in different parts of a company to produce a large number of small, gradual improvements. Deep learning, on the other hand, is a specific part of machine learning. Deep learning is a collection of advanced machine learning approaches that make business decisions based on highly complex data sets possible.‎ For tasks of analysing raw data, such as images and voice recordings, deep learning is best. But when it comes to working on simplified, structured types of data, we've found cheap machine learning will do the trick. When you consider that the majority of data flowing through enterprises falls into this second category, it's clear which tool makes the most sense. ‎ ‎1. What do we know about investment in big data from the first paragraph?‎ A.It's secret. B.It's safe. ‎ C.It's risky. D.It's fruitful.‎ ‎2.Which of the following adds to the pressure on the leading technology companies?‎ A.Understanding AI and ML.‎ B.Wasting too much time on AI.‎ C.Falling behind other companies.‎ D.Acting with unclear business goals.‎ ‎3. What should companies with ambition concentrate on?‎ A.A strong influence. B.Big breakthroughs. ‎ C.Cheap learning. D.Deep learning.‎ ‎4. What does the underlined phrase “do the trick” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A.Invest. B.Cheat.‎ C.Function. D.Simplify.‎ B 词数:307　主题:网络安全　文体:新闻报道 Google, one of the world's outstanding tech companies, was attacked. It wasn't its search engine that was attacked or its advertising platform or even its social network, Google+. Instead, it was a building.‎ Two web security experts hacked(侵入) into its Wharf 7 office in Sydney, Australia through Google's building management system (BMS). One of them, Billy Rios, says, “My colleague and I have a lot of experience in web security, but it is not something that people couldn't learn. Once you understand how the system works, it is very simple.”‎ They found the system on Shodan, a search engine that lists devices connected to the Internet, and then ran it through their own software to identify who owned the building. In the case of the Google hacking, the researchers had no immoral purpose and just informed Google about what they found.‎ According to Mr Rios, who runs security company WhiteScope, there are 50,000 buildings currently connected to the Internet, including research institutes, churches and hospitals, and 2,000 of those are online with no password protection. Martyn Thomas, a professor of IT at Gresham College in the UK, says, “It is beyond doubt that attempts to attack building management systems are happening all the time.”‎ Making a building smart generally means connecting the systems that control heating, lighting and security to the Internet and the wider corporate network. There was a strong reason for doing this, said Andrew Kelly, principal security consultant at defence company Qinetiq.‎ ‎“Energy savings are the biggest factor in connecting building management systems to the corporate network,” he says. “It gives those who run the building better control and offers between 20% to 50% in energy savings,” he adds.‎ But it also makes them less secure. And if any of these feels like a Hollywood film, think again.‎ ‎5.How did Billy Rios and his colleague hack Google's building?‎ A.They invented a search engine and connected it to Google's building.‎ B.They worked for Google and mastered how the building worked.‎ C.They used Google's BMS to find out the owner of the building.‎ D.They connected their own software to the building to run Google.‎ ‎6.In the case of the Google hacking, the researchers had the intention of　　　　. ‎ A.analysing some immoral problems B.explaining the reasons for energy savings C.entering Google's building to save more energy D.telling Google about the Wharf 7 office's hidden danger ‎7.What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?‎ A.There are many researchers contributing a lot to web security.‎ B.The building management systems of some buildings are in danger.‎ C.The attack on building management systems happens all over the world.‎ D.There are too many buildings connected to the Internet to be managed well.‎ ‎8.What is the author's attitude towards the way of the energy savings of some buildings?‎ A.Negative. B.Ambiguous.‎ C.Indifferent. D.Favourable.‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Teenage brains in the digital world When it comes to technology, adults won't be able to keep up with their children. It took the radio 38 years to reach 50 million people, but it took only 20 years for the phone to reach the same number, and 13 years for the television. In contrast, it took Facebook 3.6 years. 　9　. ‎ Over the 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers whose brains appear to have an extraordinary capacity to adapt to the world around them. 　10　, enabling teenagers to keep up with the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking(多重任务处理). ‎ In the US, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. 　11　, such as talking on the phone while you're watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they're taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information. ‎ ‎　12　.YouTube indicates that teenagers all over the world are watching the same clips and laughing at the same joke, indicating that they are more global-minded than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on texting their friends and posting updates on social media sites. ‎ ‎　13　. By the age of 30, our brains have become more set in their way, making it harder for us to adapt and cope with the new technology. ‎ A.However, there is a cut-off B.Twitter only needed 88 days C.There are concerns about how to make friends online D.There is an advantage of the growing digital trend E.Having a more flexible brain means certain parts of it haven't developed yet F.This means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology G.This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all the multitasking that goes on Ⅲ.短文改错 Recently our school website has set up a new column calling “English Corner”. The column makes it is convenient for us students to post our ideas but experiences. It also offers us opportunities to communicate with each other in English, which helps to get their writing ability improved. The column covers a wide variety topics, such as news, sports, life, entertainment and much other links about famous people around the world. To our greatly delight, we can get online instruction from the teachers. It is our teachers' online guidance which benefits us a lot. Whoever posts the most information will have rewarded. We liked the column very much.‎ Ⅳ.书面表达 假设你是学生李华,你的外国朋友Sam最近了解了中国的“新四大发明”,并对其中的手机支付(Alipay)非常感兴趣,他来信希望你能简单地向他介绍手机支付,并且谈谈你对手机支付的看法。请你用英语给他回信。‎ 注意:1.词数100左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Sam,‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎ 课时作业(二十四)‎ Ⅰ. A ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇科技说明文。投资大数据成功率很低;人工智能的突破涉及深度学习,而深度学习和简单学习适用于不同的企业,执行不同的任务。‎ ‎1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“These failures are not usually published, but the big data failure rate is unusually high.”可知,投资大数据失败率相当高,风险巨大,故选C。‎ ‎2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“…the pressure is on for us to apply the technology without first setting clear business goals…”可知,运用这种技术而没有先设定清晰的商业目标会给这些科技公司带来压力,故选D。‎ ‎3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段“…but those looking to make an outsized influence should instead focus on good old-fashioned machine learning—or cheap learning.”可知,那些想要有极大影响的(即有抱负的)企业要集中精力于好的、旧式的简单学习,故选C。‎ ‎4.C　词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一句“For tasks of analysing raw data, such as images and voice recordings, deep learning is best.”,并结合第二句“But when it comes to working on simplified, structured types of data, we've found cheap machine learning will do the trick.”可推知,此处do the trick指的是起作用,故选C。‎ B ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Google大楼遭受黑客攻击的故事。‎ ‎5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Two web security experts hacked(侵入) into its Wharf 7 office in Sydney, Australia through Google's building management system (BMS).”可知,他们是通过Google的 BMS发现其楼主的,故选C。‎ ‎6.D　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In the case of the Google hacking, the researchers had no immoral purpose and just informed Google about what they found.”可推知,Google的这次黑客入侵事件只是为了告知Google他们的系统中的潜在危险,故选D。‎ ‎7.B　段落大意题。根据第四段最后一句“Martyn Thomas, a professor of IT at Gresham College in the UK, says, ‘It is beyond doubt that attempts to attack building management systems are happening all the time.’”,并结合对本段的整体理解可推知,本段主要讲述的是一些大楼的管理系统是存在漏洞的、有危险的,故选B。‎ ‎8.A　观点态度题。根据最后一段“But it also makes them less secure. And if any of these feels like a Hollywood film, think again.”可知,作者认为尽管大楼的能源节约确实有效,但并不安全,由此可推知作者对此持不赞成的态度,故选A。‎ Ⅱ.【文章大意】 当涉及科技时,成年人将无法跟上他们的孩子的步伐。本文介绍了青少年的大脑更能适应数字化世界。‎ ‎9. B　根据上文“…it took only 20 years for the phone to reach the same number, and 13 years for the television. In contrast, it took Facebook 3.6 years.”可知,只用了20年的时间,手机的使用人数就能达到同样的数字,而电视则需要13年,Facebook花了3.6年时间。B项“Twitter只需要88天”与之匹配。‎ ‎10. F　根据上一句“And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers whose brains appear to have an extraordinary capacity to adapt to the world around them.”可知,他们的大脑似乎有非凡的容纳能力去适应周围的世界。据此判断,青少年的大脑可以适应新技术。故选F。‎ ‎11. G　根据上一句“In the US, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play.”可知,在美国,青少年平均每天花8.5个小时在电脑、手机和其他设备上学习、互动和玩耍。G项“如果你把所有的多任务处理都包括在内,这就增到了11.5个小时”承接上句,符合行文逻辑。8.5 hours a day和11.5 hours是解题的关键词。‎ ‎12. D　根据下文YouTube表示,全世界的青少年都在观看同样的片段,并因同一个笑话而发笑,这表明他们比过去的青少年更具有全球意识。据此可知,数字化趋势的增长是有优势的。故选D。‎ ‎13. A　根据下一句“By the age of 30, our brains have become more set in their way, making it harder for us to adapt and cope with the new technology.”可知,到30岁时,我们的大脑已经变得更加固定,‎ 让我们更难适应和应对新技术。据此判断,适应新技术也不是无限制的,而是有一个截止点的。此空位于句首,和上文内容是转折关系。故选A。‎ Ⅲ. Recently our school website has set up a new column calling‎ ‎called“English Corner”. The column makes it is convenient for us students to post our ideas but‎ ‎and experiences. It also offers us opportunities to communicate with each other in English, which helps to get their‎ ‎our writing ability improved. The column covers a wide variety ‎∧‎of topics, such as news, sports, life, entertainment and much‎ ‎many other links about famous people around the world. To our greatly‎ ‎great delight, we can get online instruction from the teachers. It is our teachers' online guidance which‎ ‎that benefits us a lot. Whoever posts the most information will have‎ ‎be rewarded. We liked‎ ‎like the column very much.‎ Ⅳ.One possible version:‎ Dear Sam, ‎ Learning that you are interested in China's Four Great New Inventions, I'm writing with pleasure to briefly introduce one of the four—Alipay, which has recently taken our country by storm.‎ Alipay is software that can transfer the money from your deposit card into the application so that you are able to pay for goods or services using your phone. It is the widespread use of Alipay that saves us the trouble of taking cash.‎ For my part, I'm in favour of Alipay in which we can purchase stuff in a more convenient way. However, personal information could be revealed, so we need to use it properly.‎ I would be delighted if my introduction would be of some value to you. If you want to know more, feel free to ask! Looking forward to your reply! ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎