【英语】2018届一轮复习人教版必修2Unit2TheOlympicGames学案(6)

【英语】2018届一轮复习人教版必修2Unit2TheOlympicGames学案(6)

Book 2 Unit 2 Words and expressions 1. ancient adj. (1) 古代的 in ancient times (2) 古老的 We were deeply attracted by the ancient building. < 归类> ancient (古代的）→ modern ( 现代的) → contemporary ( 当代的） 2. compete Vi 拓展：competitor n. 竞争对手 competition n. 竞争，角逐 competitive a. 竞争的 搭配：(1) compete with / against sb for sth 因…而与某人竞争 (2) compete in sth 参加比赛/ 竞赛 (3) in competition with ... 与…竞争 eg: 1) I think you should compete for the monitor. 2) Will you compete with Tom in the swimming race? 3. take part in eg: Mr. Black took part in our conversation. 辨析 ： take part in, join in, join , attend (1) take part in : 指参加会议或群众性活动等，重在说明主语参加该项活动并在其中 发挥 一定的作用。 （2）join in : 指参加正在进行的活动，如参加竞赛、娱乐、谈话等。 （3）join : 通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员。 （4）attend : 正式用语，指参加会议或婚礼、葬礼、典礼或上课、上学、听报告等，强调的是这 一动作本身，而不是强调参加者在活动中所起的作用。 eg ：1）They are playing basketball. Let's join in them. 2) Do you know how many people joined the organization? 3) They will attend an important meeting tomorrow. 4. stand for eg: The olive branch stands for peace. 拓展：（1）stand by 和…站在一起；袖手旁观 ；支持 eg: I'll always stand by you through thick and thin. (2) stand out 突出，显眼，引人注目 eg: His red hair made him stand out in the crowd. 5.volunteer (1) 【C】 volunteer for sth / to do sth eg: 1) volunteers for the post of treasurer . 自愿任财务工作的人 2) Schools need volunteers to help children to read. (2) Vt. volunteer to do / volunteer sth eg: 1) They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady. 2) She volunteered the information. (3) Vi. volunteer for sth eg: She volunteered ( her services ) for relief work. 他自愿参加救济工作。 (4) adj. My sister is a volunteer teacher of this school. 6. basis [ C] pl. bases < 语法> [ 单] ~sis / sis/ → [复] ~ses / si:z / crisis → crises 危机 analysis → analyses 分析 basic adj. 基础的，根本的 eg：1) His research formed the basis of his new book. 2) The basis of a good marriage is trust. 3) We judge a worker on the basis of his performance. 辨析：basis & base (1) basis: 用来指非物质方面的基础。the economic basis 经济基础 （抽象） (2) base: 主要用于指物质方面的基础。the base of a building. 建筑物的基础 （具体） 7. admit v. (1) 允许（人/ 物）进入；让…进入 搭配： admit sb to/ into 允许某人进入；吸收某人为…的成员 be admitted as … 作为…被接受（后接表示成员的名词） eg: 1) The servant opened the door and admitted me into the house. 2) Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school every year. 3) He was admitted as a member of the Party last month. (2) 承认，供认 搭配： admit sth / doing sth admit that - clause admit sb / sth to be + adj./ n. eg: 1) He admitted his guilty. 2) Will you admit having broken the window? 3) He admitted that he had stolen the money. 4) We all admit her to be smart. 8. as well eg: I can swim as well. 辨析： as well, also, too, either (1) as well : 用于肯定句，只用于句尾。 He plays the piano as well. (2) also: 用于肯定句，用在句中。He also plays the piano. (3) too: 用于肯定句，用在句尾，一般用逗号与其他部分分开。 He plays the piano, too. (4) either: 用于否定句中。He doesn't play the piano either. 拓展： as well as 如同…一样好；既…又…；不但…而且… （1） 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词的形式应根据前一个主语确定。此外，还有 together with , along with, besides, but, except, including, rather than 等也属此种情况。 （2） 不能用“ A，B as well as C " 结构，但可用" A as well as B and C " or " A and B as well as C " 结 构。 eg: 1) The teacher as well as some students was interested in the question. = Not only some students but also the teacher was interested in the question. 2) I play tennis as well as he . 3) She sings as well as playing the piano. 4) As well as visiting the Great Wall, we spent a day in Beijing. 5) He speaks Spanish and English as well as French. 6) She knows me as well as him. 9. host (1) Vt. eg: 1) He is willing to host the visitors. 2) London will host the 30th Olympic Games in 2012. （2）n. eg: 1) He acted as host to his father's friends. 2) China is the host country of the 29th Olympic Games. 辨析：host 与 guest 相对应。hostess 女主人 master 与 servant 相对应 mastress 女主人 10. responsibility n. responsible adj. eg: 1) It's my responsibility to take good care of you. 2) She feels a strong sense of responsibility towards her employees. 11. replace v. replacement 替换，更换[U] ； 替换品，替换物[C] 搭配：(1) replace sth / sb (2) replace sth / sb with / by … eg: 1) We can replace sugar by honey. 2) Can anything replace a mother's love? 3) If he can't manage he'll have to be replaced. 4) He replaced the book on the shelf. (把…放回原处） 拓展： take the place of sb/ sth = replace sb / sth take one's place = take one's seat 就坐，就位 in place of 替代 instead of 代替，而不是 12. charge v.& n. eg: 1) They do not charge at all for their services. 2) He was charged with murder. (控告） 3）The delivery is free of charge. in charge 主管，看管 eg: The monitor will be in charge when the headteacher is away. 辨析： in charge of : “负责，主管”，表示主动 in the charge of : “由…管理”，表示被动。 eg: 1) He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away. 2) Class one is in the charge of Miss Li. 13. fine Vt. eg: The court fined him $200 for dangerous driving. n. eg: Have you handed in your fine? adj. (指行为、建议、决定）可接受的；满意的。 —— I'll leave this here,OK? ---- Fine. 14. advertise v. advertisement ; advertiser n. 登广告者 ； advertising n. 广告，广告业 搭配：(1) advertise sth 登广告宣传某事物 （2）advertise for sb / sth 为征求… 登广告 eg: 1) They advertise their new product on TV. 2) The company advertised goods for sale. 15. bargain v. bargain with sb over / about / for sth 就…与某人讨价还价 eg: He was bargaining with the shop owner over the price. n. make a bargain with sb about sth 与某人就…达成协议 eg: 1）The car was a bargain at that price . ( 便宜货） 2）He made a bargain with me about the contract. 16.one after another 一个接一个地 （ 强调连续性） one by one 一个一个地 （强调一次一个） eg: 1）The students came one after another. 2) Write down your ideas one by one . 17. deserve v. 搭配：(1) deserve sth (2) deserve doing = deserve to be done eg: 1) You deserve a rest after all that hard work. 2) They deserved rewarding. = They deserved to be rewarded. get what you deserve = deserve all / everything you get 罪有应得 Reading and comprehending 1. interview vt.& n. interviewer n. 面试者；采访者 interviewee 被面试者 ；被采访者 v. eg: 1) We are now going to interview the Minister of Education. 2) She has interviewed most of the applicants for the job. n. eg: 1) He never gives an interview. 2）Don’t be late for your interview, or you won't get the job. 拓展：go for an interview 去进行面试 give an interview to sb 接受某人的采访 have an interview with sb 与某人会见 do an interview with sb 采访某人 2. (1) on a journey 进行旅行 ，常与 go, start, come, be 等搭配使用。 eg: Are you going on a journey tomorrow? (2) find out about “弄清有关…的情况” eg: The police are trying hard to find out about the accident. 3. I lived in what you call " Ancient Greece" and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 【句法分析】本句是由 and 连接的并列句，在第一个分句中 what 引导的从句作介词 in 的宾语。 what 的 用法 （1） what 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作 call 的宾语，“Ancient Geeece" 作宾补。What 相当于 the place that, 因此 what 不能改为 that, 也不能改为 where, 因为 where 只能作状语。 eg: After a long journey, they came to what was called " Gebi Desert". （2） what 也可相当于 all that, everything that 等，并且 what 还可引导主语从句、表语从句等。 eg: 1) What he didn't understand was that no one believed him. 2) He is no longer what he used to be. 【注】 that 引导名词性从句时不在从句中作成分，而且 that 从句一般不作介词的宾语。 eg: 1) He made it clear that he didn't agree with us. 2) I didn't know that you lived here. 4. every four years 每四年，每隔三年 eg: every four days = every fourth day 每四天，每隔三天 every other day / line 每隔一天/ 行 every few days 每几天 every two or three days 每隔三天 【注】every 表示“每隔...的”，其后不可接 a few, some , many, several 等词。 5. honour n. & vt. (1) [C] 光荣的人或事 eg: 1）He is an honour to our school. 2）It's a great honour to be given the prize. (2) [U] 荣誉；信誉；名誉 eg: We fight for the honour of our country. (3) vt. 搭配： honour sb with sth 用某事来向某人表达敬意 be / feel honoured to do sth (做某事）感到荣幸 eg: 1)I feel highly honoured by your trust. 2) You honour us with your presence. 3) Will you honour me with a visit? 拓展：（1）It's a great honour to ... ....十分荣幸 （2）May I have the honour of sth /doing sth ? 可以赏光...吗？ （3）show honour to sb 向某人表示敬意；尊敬某人 （4）for the honour of 为了...的荣誉 （5）in honour of sb / sth = in sb's / sth's honour 为了向...表示敬意；为了纪念... eg: 1) May I have the honour of this dance? 2) We held a grand ceremony in honour of those killed in battle. 6. There's as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals. 【句子分析】as ... as 表示同级比较，其中第一个 as 是副词，第二个 as 是连词，常用于引导一个 比较状语从句，从句中常省略与主句相同的成分。此句的第二个 as 后省略了 a competition among countries. 此句基本结构：as much + 不可数名词 / a (an) + 单数可数名词+ as ... 和...（程度上）是一样的 （much 表示程度） eg: 1）It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 人们普遍相信教学如同一门科学一样，它同样是一门艺术。 2）Getting rid of a bad habit is as much a struggle as forming a good one. 摆脱一个坏习惯如同养成一个好习惯一样需要艰苦努力。 7. It’'s still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw further. (1) higher 是副词作状语，是 high 的比较级。 辨析： high adj & adv. 指具体高矮程度的“高”。 highly adv. 相当于 very much , 指很高程度，表抽象意义。 eg: The player can jump really high, so we all speak highly of him. 拓展：wide ---widely deep---deeply close --- closely eg: 1)The explorers went deep into the jungle. 2) Even father was deeply moved. (2) further 在句中是副词，是 far 的比较级。 far ----farther ---- farther ; far ---- further ---- further 辨析：farther : 多指具体的距离，“ 较远、最远” further: 多指程度上 “ 进一步” 等抽象意义。 eg: " The farther village is ten miles away," said the father. " We must go, for we have to make a further investigation into it." 8. swift adj. (1) 迅速发生；马上做出的，迅速的 eg: The White House was swift to deny the rumour. (2) 速度快的；敏捷的；矫健的 eg: He is a swift runner. 辨析： fast , rapid , swift, quick （1）fast "快的，迅速的，敏捷的“，尤用于描述高速运动的人或事物。 eg: He is the world's fastest runner in 2008. (2) rapid "短时间发生的；快速的，快捷的”，常用于描述事物变化的速度，而非运动 或完 成的速度。 eg: The disease is spreading at a rapid rate. (3) swift 通常用以描述事物发生或完成的速度“快而迅疾” eg: The government took swift action. (4) quick 常用以描述迅速或立刻完成的事 。 eg: His quick thinking saved her life. 9. similarity n. 搭配： similarity between A and B A 与 B 之间的相似性 similarity to sb / sth 与某人/ 某物有相似性 similarity in sth 在...方面有相似性 eg: 1) The report highlights (强调）the similarity between the two groups. 2) She bears a striking similarity to her mother. 3) There is some similarity in the way they sing. 4) This game has many similarities to a boxing match. 拓展：be similar to sb / sth be similar in sth 10. As Hippomenes watched he thought, " How can I run as fast as Atlanta?" as 的用法： （1）“当...时候”，= when / while , 引导时间状从。但 as 更强调动作或事情同时发生。 eg: As she left the room she remembered that book. (2) 随着 eg: As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. (3) 因为，由于。引导原因状语从句 eg: We didn't know what to do as we were just visiting there. (4) 按照；如同。引导方式状从 eg: You ought to do as Paul told you. (5) 引导比较状从 eg: The work is not so difficult as you imagine. (6) "尽管；虽然” 引导让步状从 eg: 1) Tired as he was, he sat up late. 2) Child as he is, he knows a lot. 3) Hard as he worked, he didn't pass the exam. 4) Try as you may, you won't succeed. 11. When she stops to pick it up, you will be able to run past her and win. (1) stop to do ; stop doing sth ; stop sb ( from ) doing sth eg: 1) We stopped to have a rest. 2) It has stopped raining. 3) The mother tried to stop her daughter doing out on date. (2) pick up 1) 捡起 ；拾起 eg: The boy picked up the hat for the old man. 2) （用车）去接某人 eg: I'll pick you up at 7 o'clock. 3) 获得；学会（尤指偶然地或无意中） eg: You can pick up Chinese easily if you live in China. 4) 收听到；接收 eg: We picked up signals for help from the buring plane. 5）恢复（健康、体力等） eg: The patient is rapidly picking up.