辽宁省协作校2020届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析

辽宁省协作校2020届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 2019—2020 学年度下学期高三第二次模拟考试试题 英语试题 时间：120 分钟 满分：150 分 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试 卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. C. A place of living. 3. Where is the man now? A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home. 4. What will Celia do? A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball. 5. What day is it when the conversation takes place? A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Monday. 第二节（共 15 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 2.5 分） - 2 - 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答 6、7 题。 6. What is Sara going to do? A. Buy John a gift. B. Give John a surprise. C. Invite John to France. 7. What does the man think of Sara’s plan? A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题 8. Why does Diana say sorry to Peter? A. She has to give up her travel plan. B. She wants to visit another city. C. She needs to put off her test. 9. What does Diana want Peter to do? A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend. C. Teach a geography lesson. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. Why does the man call the woman? A. To tell her about her new job. B. To ask about her job program. C. To plan a meeting with her. 11. Who needs a new flat? A. Alex. B. Andrea. C. Miranda. 12. Where is the woman now? A. In Baltimore. B. In New York. C. In Avon. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant? A. Where the restaurant is. - 3 - B. Whether the prices are low. C. How well the food is prepared. 14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine? A. After he came back to Sweden. B. Before he went to the United States. C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982. 15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant? A. Talk to people in the street. B. Speak to taxi drivers. C. Ask hotel clerks. 16. What do we know about Jan? A. He cooks for a restaurant. B. He travels a lot of his work. C. He prefers American food. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题 17. What do we know about the Plaza Leon? A. It’s new building. B. It’s a small town. C. It’s public place. 18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon? A. Saturday nights. B. Sunday afternoons. C. Fridays and Saturdays. 19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets? A. Via del Mar Street. B. Fernando Street. C. Hernandes Street. 20. Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best? A. It has an old stone surface. B. It is named after a writer. C. It is a famous university 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Slade Summer School Foundation course is an excellent introduction to the - 4 - study of contemporary art. It sustains and develops students’ abilities and interests over a ten-week period and offers an opportunity for contemporary Fine Art practice. Entry is open to students of all levels and experience. Course Structure The course begins with a structured introduction to Fine Art. We begin by exploring the nature of drawing and its fundamental use for the artist and follow this with an in-depth investigation into processes of making and the application of ideas. Initially as a group, then individually, students will generate work from supplied and found materials. Each student will have a space in the Woburn studios for individual studio-based enquiry. Workshops Alongside individual research and practice there will be a number of optional specialist workshops taught by invited artists as the course develops. These include subjects such as: order in space, color and light, technical research, etc. Materials For the introductory period and for the later workshops, most of the basic materials are provided, however, as independent working progresses students will be expected to provide their own materials. Please note: This year’s Foundation course will be taking place at Slade School of Fine Art, Woburn Studios in Bloomsbury, close to the British Museum and the galleries of Soho and the West End. The studios host the postgraduate Painting programme and was previously home to the Courtauld Gallery until 1989. Duration: 06 July-11 September 2020 /10 weeks Fee: ￡3, 750 (Early bird discount: 10% off until 31 May, 2020) Summer School Foundation fees can be paid in full at the time of booking or in two installments (分期付款). The first installment is ￡1,875 and must be paid at the time of booking; the second installment of ￡1,875 is due one month before the course starts. - 5 - Discount applied on both installments. Book now! 1. What do we know about the Summer School Foundation course? A. It covers both classical and modern arts. B. It is a professional course for future artists. C. It features exploring the nature of drawing. D. It is intended for all students who love art. 2. Where will the students learn art during the course? A. In the Courtauld Gallery. B. In the British Museum. C. In the West End. D. In the Woburn Studios 3. If you are interested in the course, you should ________ to save money. A. pay in installment before June B. sign up on a certain website C. gain membership to get discount D. make full payment before the course starts 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了 Slade 暑期学校基础课程的情况，包括课程结构、研讨会、材 料和价格等信息。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 The Slade Summer School Foundation course is an excellent introduction to the study of contemporary art. It sustains and develops students’ abilities and interests over a ten-week period and offers an opportunity for contemporary Fine Art practice.可知 Slade 暑期学校基础课程是学习当代艺术的极好的入 门课程。在十周的时间里，维持和发展学生的能力和兴趣，并为当代美术实践提供机会。由 此可知，暑期学校基础课程面向所有热爱艺术的学生。故选 D。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段 Each student will have a space in the Woburn studios 可知每 个学生都会在 Woburn 工作室有一个空间……由此可知，在课程中，学生将在 Woburn 工作室 学习艺术。故选 D。 【3 题详解】 - 6 - 细节理解题。根据 Please note 部分中 Fee: ￡3, 750 (Early bird discount: 10% off until 31 May, 2020)可知费用：￡3750（早报名优惠：9 折，至 2020 年 5 月 31 日）。以及 Discount applied on both installments.可知两次分期付款都有折扣。由此可知，如果你对这门课程 感兴趣，你应该在六月前分期付款以省钱。故选 A。 B For an entire decade, the award for Best FIFA Men’s Player of the Year was quite predictable: It either went to Portugal’s Cristiano Ronaldo or Argentina’s Lionel Messi. After all, they are the “legends” of soccer. This year’s recipient, however, came as a surprise: Croatian player Luka Modric. For those who aren’t soccer fans, Modric’s name is probably unfamiliar, mostly due to the fact that he rarely appears in TV commercials, and that he’s not a striker—things that apply to both Ronaldo and Messi—but a midfielder. But Modric, 33, has certainly had a fruitful year. As a key member of Real Madrid, Modric helped the Spanish club win their third straight Champions League title in May. And as the captain of his national team of Croatia, Modric led the team to its first ever World Cup final in July. And Modric’s hard childhood makes his achievements even more remarkable. He grew up during the war following the break-up of Yugoslavia and the independence of Croatia. When he was 6, his grandfather was shot dead and his family had to live as refugees in a warzone. When playing soccer was an after-school hobby for kids of his age in other countries, it was an escape for Modric—he played soccer as a way to take his mind off the hardship his family was facing. But it was this experience that gave Modric the mental toughness to push forward on his path to becoming one of the top soccer players in the world. “The war made me stronger,” Modric told CNN. “We are not easy people to break. And there is a determination to show that, to show that we can succeed.” It may be true that Modric wasn’t seen as a legend before. But by winning the Best Men’s Player award on Sept 24, he joined Ronaldo and Messi at the top of the list of the world’s best soccer players. And what could be more legendary than that? So, the man who defeated legends must be something even bigger. - 7 - 4. Cristiano Ronaldo and Messi are mentioned in the passage to ________. A. distinguish their differences B. show their contribution to soccer C. highlight Modric’s achievements D. arouse the readers interest in soccer 5. Why did Modric start playing soccer? A. Playing soccer was his hobby. B. He wanted to help his family out of trouble. C. Playing soccer was required by his school. D. He expected to forget his family’s tough situation. 6. What can we learn about Modric from the passage? A. He is captain of Real Madrid. B. He often works as an advertising spokesperson. C. He plays the same position as Cristiano Ronaldo. D. He has made history for Croatia on the soccer field. 7. What does the passage intend to tell us? A. Where there is life, there is hope. B. Hardship makes a determined person stronger. C. Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well. D. A contented mind is the greatest blessing a man can enjoy in this world. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了今年获得了年度最佳男球员的奖项的克罗地亚球员 Luka Modric，介绍了他所取得的成就和童年的成长经历。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段 For an entire decade, the award for Best FIFA Men’s Player of the Year was quite predictable: It either went to Portugal’s Cristiano Ronaldo or Argentina’s Lionel Messi. After all, they are the “legends” of soccer.(整整 十年，国际足联年度最佳男球员的奖项都是意料之中的：要么是葡萄牙的 Cristiano Ronaldo， 要么是阿根廷的 Lionel Messi。毕竟，他们是足球的“传奇”)以及第二段 This year’s recipient, however, came as a surprise: Croatian player Luka Modric.(然而，今年的 - 8 - 获奖者却出乎意料：克罗地亚球员 Luka Modric)由此可推知，文中提到了 Cristiano Ronaldo 和 Messi 是为了突出 Modric 的成就。故选 C。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中 When playing soccer was an after-school hobby for kids of his age in other countries, it was an escape for Modric—he played soccer as a way to take his mind off the hardship his family was facing.可知在其他国家，踢足 球是他这个年龄的孩子放学后的爱好，对 Modric 来说，这是一种逃避——他踢足球是为了让 自己的注意力从家庭面临的困难中解脱出来。由此可知，Modric 是因为希望忘记家庭的困难 处境，所以才开始踢足球。故选 D。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中 And as the captain of his national team of Croatia, Modric led the team to its first ever World Cup final in July.可知作为克罗地亚国家队的队 长，Modric 带领球队在 7 月份首次进入了世界杯决赛。由此可知，Modric 在足球场上为克罗 地亚创造了历史。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段 And Modric’s hard childhood makes his achievements even more remarkable.( Modric 艰难的童年使他的成就更加引人注目)以及倒数第三段 But it was this experience that gave Modric the mental toughness to push forward on his path to becoming one of the top soccer players in the world.(但正是这段经历给了 Modric 坚 韧的精神，让他在成为世界顶级足球运动员的道路上勇往直前)可知 Modric 童年艰难的经历 让他具有了更加坚韧的精神，从而取得了如今的成就，由此可推知，这篇文章想告诉我们困 难使有决心的人更坚强。故选 B。 C Many research groups are testing “ink” made from silk proteins to print human tissues, even organs. The process is a less costly alternative to conventional 3-D printing with collagen, a key protein mainly existing in the mammal’s (哺乳动物) cells. Researchers in Assam, a state in India, are investigating using local silkworm species for the task—they recently submitted a patent for bioinks using a combination of proteins obtained from local silkworms. The scientists have woven them into tissue structures ranging from ears to heart. - 9 - Silk is a natural substance which is strong and completely biodegradable (可 生物降解的), well suited for applications in tissue engineering. For instance, to bio-print an ear, researchers dissolve silk fibers. They carefully mix the sticky liquid with a patient’s stem cells, then build structures layer by layer with a 3-D printer. Finally, the cells grow and replace the silken proteins and finally change into a natural substance in human body. Compared with common—used chemicals as adhesive (黏合剂), wild silk is also perfect to cross-link silky tissues, which helps to maintain a 3-D structure. Also, the wild silk has spots that cells naturally attach to, which allows cells to stick to the silk structure rapidly. “These silks are ideal candidates for bioinks because they can be combined to build strong human tissues” says Mandal, the lab’s lead investigator. “This is important, for example, when making bones,” he add. “Obtaining and purifying collagen from animal remains is complex and expensive.” says David Kaplan, an expert in biomedical engineering, when asked about the advantages. Compared with collagen, silks have an immense advantage in terms of supply and processing. Local sourcing is also a clear plus in their use in India.” Mandal and his colleagues have already created original structures, including bone and soft tissues of the heart and liver. Reconstructing a human knee complex tissue at the ends of a bone will be next. 8. What does the underlined word “bioinks” refer to? A. Silk proteins. B. Collagens. C. Certain chemical. D. Tissues. 9. What will a patient eventually get after an ear-bioprinting? A. An artificial ear. B. A silken ear. C. A real ear. D. An original ear. 10. What are the advantages of silk proteins over collagen according to David Kaplan? A. They are biodegradable and strong. B. They are inexpensive and uncomplicated. C. They are harmless and attachable. D. They are pure and available. - 10 - 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Final Solution—Wild Worms for Medical Treatment. B. Silky Tissue—Worm Proteins Ready for 3-D Bioprinting. C. Bioink—Cheap Alternative for Conventional Operations. D. Protein—Key to Repairing Human Organs. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一个最新的研究，关于丝蛋白打印人体器官的可能性以及和胶 原蛋白打印人体器官相比，丝蛋白的优点。 【8 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第 1 段设问处后的句子 using a combination of proteins obtained from local silkworms(该专利使用了从当地蚕中获得的蛋白质组合)可知，为申请专利的物质是从 当地蚕中获得的蛋白质的组合。故选 A 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第 2 段 For instance, to bio-print an ear, researchers dissolve silk fibers. They carefully mix the sticky liquid with a patient’s stem cells, then build structures layer by layer with a 3-D printer. Finally, the cells grow and replace the silken proteins and finally change into a natural substance in human body.（例 如，为了对耳朵进行生物打印，研究人员溶解了丝纤维。他们小心地将粘性液体与病人的干 细胞混合，然后用三维打印机逐层构建结构。最后，细胞生长并取代丝蛋白，最终转变为人 体内的天然物质。）可知，最终细胞的成长会取代丝蛋白，长成人体内的天然物质即人体的器 官。故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第 2 段 Compared with collagen, silks have an immense advantage in terms of supply and processing. Local sourcing is also a clear plus in their use in India（与胶原蛋白相比，丝绸在供应和加工方面有着巨大的优势。在印度本土采购也是 一个明显的优势）可知，和胶原蛋白比丝绸蛋白有优势。前文提到胶原蛋白 remains is complex and expensive（复杂且昂贵）。同时在文章第一段也提及 The process is a less costly alternative to conventional 3-D printing with collagen, a key protein mainly existing in the mammal’s cells（与传统的用胶原蛋白（一种主要存在于哺乳动物细胞中的关键蛋 - 11 - 白质）进行三维打印相比，这种方法的成本更低）。综合分析，故选 B 项。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第 1 段第 1 句话 Many research groups are testing “ink” made from silk proteins to print human tissues, even organs（许多研究小组正在测试，由丝蛋白 制成的“墨水”以打印人体组织，甚至器官）可知，科学家们正在测试将三维打印和丝蛋白 结合打印人体组织或器官的可能性。文章后面将丝蛋白和胶原蛋白相比较突出丝蛋白打印器 官的优点。最后一段提及 Mandal and his colleagues have already created original structures, including bone and soft tissues of the heart and liver. Reconstructing a human knee complex tissue at the ends of a bone will be next（曼达尔和他的同事 已经创造出了原始的结构，包括心脏和肝脏的骨骼和软组织。下一步将是在骨骼末端重建人 类膝关节复杂组织）可知，曼达尔和他的团队已经做好了准备。综合分析，故选 B 项。 D Six supporters of PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals), including one inside a cat costume and another dressed as a pig, marched on the sidewalk outside High School District 113 in Highland Park, Illinois, US. Their goal was to get the district to end animal dissection in science classes. Animal dissection has always divided people: Is it right to dissect frogs, pigs or other animals in school science classes, particularly when computers can show detailed images of the parts of animals? “Especially with all the violence in the US, it is important we teach children compassion for all living beings, said Mysti Lee, assistant campaign manager for PETA. The American Anti-Vivisection Society reports that 18 states, including Illinois, have laws allowing students to choose alternatives to dissection. And in recent years, biology classes have moved toward the study of cells, molecules and genetics. “Dissection is horrific and unnecessary,” protester Victor Przysiezny said. However, most biology teachers believe that dissection is an important part of education when done right. “It’s one thing to see it on a computer screen,” said Jaclyn Reeves. “Its another to see the size and scale. Science is about getting your hands dirty.” She added that dissection can inspire students to take up a career in biology or put them off. - 12 - At its recent protest in Highland Park, PET A singled out Bio Corp., a company that provides frogs, pigs, turtles, rabbits, cats and other animals and their parts for educational purposes. Following the charges of animal cruelty, Bill Wadd, co-owner of Bio Corp., invited city officials to tour Bio Corp. He said that more than 98 percent of the animals Bio Corp received last year were already dead. “We just take what people would throw away,” Wadd said. “Instead of throwing it in the trash, why not have students learn from it?” District 113 spokeswoman Christine Gonzales said that district officials would think about using computer images in class instead. “We are always looking for new and innovative methods, because we do want to ensure our kids get the best instruction and are kind to all creatures,” she said. 12. Who opposes animal dissection? A. Illinois’ local residents. B. Victor Przysiezny. C. Jaclyn Reeves. D. Bill Wadd. 13. What does the underlined phrase in Pharaoh 5 mean? A. Getting personally involved in a task. B. Becoming involved with something illegal. C. Observing an operation on a computer screen. D. Making your hands unclean by hard work. 14. What do we know about Bio Corp.? A. It gets rid of dead animals as trash. B. It is a member company of PETA. C. It gets along very well with local officials. D. It offers mostly dead animals for research. 15. What is the attitude of District 113 to ending animal dissection? A. Supportive. B. Cautious. C. Disapproving. D. Doubtful. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。文章说明了善待动物组织的六名支持者在美国伊利诺斯州高地公园 113 高 - 13 - 中区外的人行道上游行，其中一名身穿猫装，另一名装扮成猪。他们的目标是让学区在科学 课上结束动物解剖。文章主要说明了不同的人和组织机构对于动物解剖的看法和态度。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Dissection is horrific and unnecessary,” protester Victor Przysiezny said.可知“解剖是可怕的，也没有必要，”抗议者 Victor Przysiezny 说。由 此可知，Victor Przysiezny 反对动物解剖。故选 B。 【13 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文 However, most biology teachers believe that dissection is an important part of education when done right. “It’s one thing to see it on a computer screen,” said Jaclyn Reeves.可知然而，大多数生物教师认为，如果做得好，解剖是教育 的重要组成部分。“在电脑屏幕上看到它是一回事，”Jaclyn Reeves 说。由此可知，Jaclyn Reeves 认为科学要进行实际的操作，要亲自参与其中。划线短语“getting your hands dirty” 意思为“亲自参与一项任务”。故选 A。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 Following the charges of animal cruelty, Bill Wadd, co-owner of Bio Corp., invited city officials to tour Bio Corp. He said that more than 98 percent of the animals Bio Corp received last year were already dead. “We just take what people would throw away,” Wadd said. “Instead of throwing it in the trash, why not have students learn from it?”可知在受到虐待动物的指控后，Bio 公司 的合伙人 Bill Wadd 邀请市政府官员参观 Bio 公司。他说，Bio 公司去年接收的动物中超过 98%已经死亡。“我们只接受人们扔掉的东西，”瓦德说。“与其把它扔进垃圾桶，为什么不 让学生们从中学习呢?”由此可知，Bio 公司提供的大多是死去的动物。故选 D。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 District 113 spokeswoman Christine Gonzales said that district officials would think about using computer images in class instead. “We are always looking for new and innovative methods, because we do want to ensure our kids get the best instruction and are kind to all creatures,” she said.可知 District 113 发言人 Christine Gonzales 说，地区官员将考虑在课堂上使用电脑图像。她说:“我们一 直在寻找新的和创新的方法，因为我们确实想确保我们的孩子得到最好的指导，并善待所有 的生物。”由此可推知，District 113 对结束动物解剖的态度是支持的。故选 A。 - 14 - 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Team Building Almost no one can get away from “teams” that are supposed to be able to create something that is greater than the sum of its parts. There are five measures that need to be taken before you can get the most out of a team: ____16____ There must be a clear reason for the team to exist. And all the members should realize the value and significance of their functions. What they are hoping to achieve should be something achievable but at the same time tough and inspiring enough to attract the members and keep their motivation alive. Open Communication ____17____ For example, they may discuss a sensitive topic. Should they keep their conclusion within the team or share it with other employees? In the case, any individual voice is by no means a sure thing. So an honest discussion is expected to make sure all the members agree on. Respect to All Team Members It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones. ____18____ People that have nothing to contribute should not have been selected for the team in the first place. Since they have become members of your team, you need to make sure that each of them has an opportunity to add his or her thoughts to discussions. Conflict Solving Disagreements are natural and, in fact, heated debate should be encouraged. ____19____ Consequently, there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled. For example, team meetings may not be the most appropriate place for a dispute that involves only two people, so “under-the-table” method may be effective. Leadership ____20____ A good organizer should be able to play to individuals’ strengths and help them overcome their weaknesses. He must be skilled in motivating people, - 15 - sharing responsibility and providing constructive feedback on how the tasks went. Successful team working is marked by how confidently each of its members completes his or her assigned tasks with a sense of achievement and pride. A. Measuring Progress against Goals. B. Common Goals with Challenging Target. C. Most high-performing teams are well organized. D. This is not only discouraging, it also makes no sense. E. A team made up only of “yes men” can make disastrous decisions. F. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. G. Team members must be able to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了充分发挥团队潜力之前需要采取的一些措施。 【16 题详解】 该段提到：团队的存在必须有明确的理由。所有成员都应该认识到其功能的价值和意义。他 们希望实现的目标应该是可以实现的，但同时要足够艰苦和鼓舞人心，以吸引成员，让他们 保持动力。因此，该段主要提到的就是一个团队要有共同的目标，同时这些目标还要有一定 的难度，还要能鼓舞人心。结合选项，B 选项（共同的目标和具有挑战性的目标）表达此意。 故选 B。 【17 题详解】 空后提到：例如：他们可能讨论一个敏感的话题。他们应该在团队中保留自己的结论，还是 与其他员工分享?在这种情况下，任何个人的声音都不是必然的。因此，需要进行坦诚的讨论， 以确保所有成员都同意。结合所给例子和该段小标题（公开的交流）可知，空处仍然要表达 “鼓励团队成员表达自己的看法，进行坦诚的讨论”这个意思。结合选项，G 选项（团队成员 必须能够自由地表达他们的意见，而不害怕被批评）表达此意。故选 G。 【18 题详解】 空前提到：人们很容易认为，一个资历较浅的团队成员可能比经验丰富的团队成员贡献更少。 而该段标题为：尊重所有的成员。那么，空处应该表达对空前所提想法的驳斥。结合选项，D 选项（这不仅令人沮丧，而且毫无意义）符合语境。故选 D。 - 16 - 【19 题详解】 空前提到：分歧是自然的，事实上，应该鼓励激烈的辩论。空后提到：因此，应该有一些关 于如何处理冗长的分歧的规定。该空承上启下，E 选项（一个仅由唯唯诺诺的人组成的团队可 能会做出灾难性的决定）符合语境。故选 E。 【20 题详解】 空后提到：一个好的组织者应该能够发挥个人的长处，帮助他们克服弱点。空处引起下文， 应该提到和“组织”有关的内容。结合选项，C 选项（大多数高绩效的团队都组织得很好）符 合语境。故选 C。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 I once had an experience which helped me learn the real meaning of “put yourself in others’ shoes”. One day, while I was waiting in line at a coffee shop earlier, a woman ____21____ alongside the queue in a mobility scooter (电动代步车). There was only a ____22____ space between the line of people and the table, which she attempted to drive along. She drove over my foot but didn’t look back to say anything. I got ____23____ and expected she would have apologized, but then I just decided to ____24____ it and got down to selecting which pastry (点心) to go with my coffee. The lady and I ____25____ sitting at adjacent (邻近的) tables. She was on the end of a row so that she could ____26____ her scooter. After about half an hour, when she had ____27____ her coffee, she got up and back onto her scooter. It wouldn’t start. She tried to turn the key several times ____28____ she telephoned the place she purchased it from. Sweat was ____29____ on her forehead, caused in part by anxiety, but _____30_____ from embarrassment. The place must have been local. An _____31_____ turned up within 5 minutes. I couldn’t help overhearing their conversation, and it turned out she had only just _____32_____ the scooter that morning. She’d come to the coffee shop for a stress-rest, which was her very first _____33_____ in it. I heard that she felt really _____34_____ about driving it. She certainly wasn’t used to its speed, nor its _____35_____, and - 17 - this combination made it quite _____36_____ to drive it through narrow gaps. _____37_____, I felt sympathy for the lady. It really didn’t _____38_____ me at all that she’d driven over my foot. _____39_____, I had made an assumption that a person doing that should apologize. Next time you’re about to _____40_____ someone, pause for a second and remind yourself that people have made a judgment about you without knowing what was going on in your mind or your life. 21. A. paced B. struggled C. marched D. walked 22. A. wide B. narrow C. public D. private 23. A. annoyed B. amused C. worried D. amazed 24. A. discussed B. made C. deserve D. dismissed 25. A. followed up B. took up C. ended up D. picked up 26. A. drive B. take C. park D. hold 27. A. made B. finished C. ordered D. poured 28. A. after B. until C. unless D. before 29. A. covering B. forming C. moving D. disappearing 30. A. mostly B. nearly C. fairly D. rarely 31. A. waiter B. policeman C. engineer D. customer 32. A. collected B. stolen C. fixed D. abandoned 33. A. voyage B. tour C. exploration D. outing 34. A. concerned B. excited C. confident D. nervous 35. A. width B. length C. weight D. height 36. A. cool B. convenient C. stressful D. strange 37. A. Suddenly B. Obviously C. Hopefully D. Previously 38. A. strike B. bother C. satisfy D. confuse - 18 - 39. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Still D. Besides 40. A. challenge B. hug C. persuade D. judge 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章描述了帮助我了解“设身处地为他人着想”的真正含义的一次经历。 一天，当我在一家咖啡店排队的时候，一个女人开着电动代步车在排队的队伍旁边挣扎前进 的时候压到了我的脚，但是她没有道歉。虽然我一开始感到恼怒，但是得知她是第一次开着 这辆车出来时，我有些同情她。因此我认为在评判他人行为之前要先设身处地为他人着想。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我早些时候在一家咖啡店排队的时候，一个女人开着一 辆电动代步车在排队的队伍旁边挣扎前进。A.paced 来回踱步；B.struggled 挣扎；C.marched 行进；D.walked 步行。根据倒数第三段中的 She certainly wasn’t used to its speed(她 肯定还不习惯它的速度)可知她开车还不熟练，在开动代步车时应该是“挣扎着”前进，故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：排队的人和桌子之间只有一个很窄的通道，她想开车过去。A.wide 宽的；B.narrow 窄的；C.public 公众的；D.private 私人的。根据上文中的 There was only(仅 有)及下文 She drove over my foot(她开车压到了我的脚)可推理得知这条通道应是狭窄的。 故选 B 项。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，以为她会道歉。A.annoyed 恼怒的；B.amused 逗乐 的；C.worried 担心的；D.amazed 惊奇的。根据上文 She drove over my foot but didn’t look back to say anything.(她开车压到了我的脚，但没有回头说什么。)及下文的 and expected she would have apologized(我本以为她会道歉)可知她撞了我，但是没道歉，可推理知我很 恼怒生气。故选 A 项。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来我决定不予理会，去选个糕点配我的咖啡。A.discussed 讨 论；B.made 使；C.deserve 值得；D.dismissed 不予考虑。空后的 and 表示承接，根据下文的 - 19 - got down to selecting which pastry to go with my coffee(决定去选个糕点配我的咖啡) 可知我对她没道歉这件事打算不予理会，故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后我和那位女士坐在相邻的桌子旁。A.followed up 随访；B.took up 接受；C.ended up 结束；D.picked up 拿起。根据“ sitting at adjacent (邻近的) tables. ”可知，此处表示结果我和那位女士坐在了邻桌，end up doing sth.意为“结果是 （做）……”，符合语境，故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在一排的最后，这样她就可以停放她的代步车了。A.drive 驾驶； B.take 拿；C.park 停车；D.hold 保持。根据上文中的 She was on the end of a row(她在 一排的最后)可知她坐在后面的原因是可以停放她的代步车。park 意为“停车”，符合语境， 故选 C 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约半个小时后，当她喝完咖啡后，她起身回到她的代步车上。 A.made 制作；B.finished 完成；C.ordered 订购；D.poured 倒。根据下文中的 she got up and back onto her scooter(她起身回到她的代步车上)可知此处表示她喝完了咖啡，故选 B 项。 【28 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她试着把钥匙转了好几次才打电话给她买代步车的地方。A.after 之后；B.until 直到；C.unless 除非；D.before 之前。根据空前的 She tried to turn the key several times(她试着把钥匙转了好几次)及空后的 she telephoned the place she purchased it from(她打电话到她买车的地方)可知此处表示在打电话之前试了很多次，故选 D 项。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她额头上开始出汗，部分是因为焦虑，但主要是因为尴尬。 A.covering 覆盖；B.forming 形成；C.moving 移动；D.disappearing 消失。根据下文的 caused in part by anxiety(部分是因为焦虑)，可知她因为焦虑而额头上开始出汗，sweat was forming 表示“开始出汗”，符合语境，故选 B 项。 【30 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她额头上开始出汗，部分是因为焦虑，但主要是因为尴尬。A.mostly 大部分；B.nearly 差不多；C.fairly 相当；D.rarely 很少。根据上文的 in part(部分)及空 前的 but 可知，此处表示转折，因此用 mostly(大部分地)与“部分地”形成对比，故选 A 项。 - 20 - 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个技师在 5 分钟内出现了。A.waiter 服务员；B.policeman 警 察；C.engineer 技师；D.customer 顾客。根据上文 She tried to turn the key several times ____8____ she telephoned the place she purchased it from(她试着把钥匙转了好几次才 打电话到她买车的地方)可知她的车启动不了，打电话给她买车的地方，由此可推知来的是一 位维修车的技师。故选 C 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忍不住偷听到他们的谈话，结果是她那天早上才买的这辆车。 A.collected 获得；B.stolen 被盗；C.fixed 固定；D.abandoned 废弃。根据下文中的 She certainly wasn’t used to its speed(她当然还不习惯它的速度)及上下文可知她是今早刚 买的这辆车，故选 A 项。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她来咖啡馆休息，这是她第一次开着这辆车出去。A.voyage 航行； B.tour 旅行；C.exploration 探险；D.outing 出行。根据上文的 She’d come to the coffee shop for a stress-rest(她来咖啡馆休息)可知这是一次出行，outing 意为“出行”，符合 语境，故选 D 项。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我听到她说她开车很紧张。A.concerned 担心的；B.excited 兴 奋的；C.confident 自信的；D.nervous 紧张的。根据下文的 She certainly wasn’t used to its speed(她当然还不习惯它的速度)可知开车还不熟练，她会觉得紧张，故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她当然还不习惯它的速度，也不习惯它的宽度。A.width 宽度； B.length 长度；C.weight 重量；D.height 高度。根据上文 She certainly wasn’t used to its speed(她当然还不习惯它的速度)及下文 drive it through narrow gaps(在狭窄的间隙 中穿行)可知此处表示也不习惯车的宽度。故选 A 项。 【36 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：速度和宽度结合起来，让她觉得在狭窄的间隙中穿行时非常有 压力。A.cool 凉爽的；B.convenient 方便的；C.stressful 压力的；D.strange 奇怪的。根 据上文 She certainly wasn’t used to its speed(她当然还不习惯它的速度)及下文 drive it through narrow gaps(在狭窄的间隙中穿行)可知她既不习惯速度也不习惯车的宽度，因 - 21 - 此在穿过狭窄的间隙时感到有压力。故选 C 项。 【37 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我很同情那位女士。A.Suddenly 突然地；B.Obviously 显 然地；C.Hopefully 希望地；D.Previously 以前地。根据下文 I felt sympathy for the lady(我 很同情那位女士)及上文已知我刚得知这位女士是今早取车，开车还不熟练。因此此处表示我 突然同情她，Suddenly 意为“突然地”，符合语境，故选 A 项。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从我身边开车经过时压到了我的脚，真的一点也没给我造成痛 苦。A.strike 打击；B.bother 给(某人)造成麻烦(或痛苦)；C.satisfy 使满足；D.confuse 混淆。根据上文 I felt sympathy for the lady(我很同情那位女士)可知此处表示我对于刚 才她开车压到我的脚的事情也不觉给自己造成痛苦。故选 B 项。 【39 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是认为这样做的人应该道歉。A.Otherwise 否则； B.Therefore 因此；C.Still 仍然；D.Besides 此外。根据上文已知“我对于刚才她开车碰到 我的脚的事情也不觉给自己造成痛苦”及空后的“我还是认为这样做的人应该道歉”可知此 处用 Still 连接上下文最为恰当，故选 C 项。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下一次当你要评判某人时，停下来，提醒自己，人们在不知道你 的想法或生活中发生了什么的时候已经对你做出了评判。A. challenge 挑战；B.hug 拥抱； C.persuade 说服；D.judge 评判。根据下文 remind yourself that people have made a judgment about you(提醒自己，人们已经对你做出了评判)可知此处表示“你要去评判某人时”，judge 意为“评判”，符合语境。故选 D 项。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bushfires are disasters that occur each year in many parts of the world. The worst bushfires usually involve eucalypt trees, ____41____ leaves burn easily. A eucalypt tree can explode in ____42____ ball of fire. Therefore, eucalypt forest fires can be extremely violent. The most severe bushfire in the world is burning in south-eastern Australia and - 22 - its ____43____ (surround) areas in this dry season. The current summer ____44____ (present) the perfect storm for wildfire so far. Climate change is making Australian wildfires more powerful ____45____ (large) due to its effects on dryness and fire weather. Australia’s climate has warmed by more than one degree Celsius over the past century. The ongoing climate change originating from human activities is virtually certain ____46____ (increase). This assessment of the science evidence has been repeated in countless ____47____ (report), including the IPCC’s report, ____48____ (publish) in August 2019. Apart from being more severe, the fire seasons are becoming longer. October used to be recognized ____49____ the start of the fire season. But with the season starting in August, we are now facing a new _____50_____ (real) and should pay special attention. 【答案】41. whose 42. a 43. surrounding 44. has presented 45. largely 46. to increase 47. reports 48. published 49. as 50. reality 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚森林火灾产生的原因及新变化。 【41 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最严重的森林火灾通常发生在桉树上，它们的叶子很容易燃烧。此处 是非限定性定语从句，先行词是 eucalypt trees，关系词在从句中作 leaves 的定语，应使用 whose 引导。故填 whose。 【42 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一棵桉树可以爆炸成一个火球。此处泛指“一个火球”，应使用不定冠词， ball 是以辅音音素开头的词，应使用 a。故填 a。 【43 题详解】 - 23 - 考查形容词。句意：在这个干旱的季节，世界上最严重的森林大火正在澳大利亚东南部及其 周边地区燃烧。根据句意可知，此处使用形容词 surrounding“周围的，附近的”，修饰名词 areas。故填 surrounding。 【44 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：目前，这个夏天对于野火来说是一个完美的风暴。根据句中 so far 可 知，此处使用现在完成时，主语 The current summer 是单数概念，助动词应使用 has。故填 has presented。 【45 题详解】 考查副词。句意：气候变化使澳大利亚的野火更加猛烈，主要是由于气候变化对干旱和火灾 天气的影响。此处修饰介词短语 due to，应使用副词。故填 largely。 【46 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由人类活动引起的持续的气候变化几乎肯定会增加。此处是 “be+adj.+to do”结构，The ongoing climate change 与 increase 是主动关系，应使用不 定式的主动形式。故填 to increase。 【47 题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这种对科学证据的评估在无数的报告中重复出现，包括 2019 年 8 月发 表的 IPCC 报告。根据空前 countless 可知，此处使用名词复数。故填 reports。 【48 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种对科学证据的评估在无数的报告中重复出现，包括 2019 年 8 月 发表的 IPCC 报告。the IPCC’s report 与 publish 是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词作定语， 表被动、完成。故填 published。 【49 题详解】 考查介词。句意：十月曾被认为是火灾季节的开始。此处是短语 be recognized as“被认为 是……，被公认为……”。故填 as。 【50 题详解】 考查名词。句意：但随着这个季节在八月开始，我们现在面临一个新的现实，应该特别关注。 该空作 face 的宾语，用名词。根据空前 a new 可知，此处使用名词单数。故填 reality。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 - 24 - 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 New York City police caught a cow in Prospect Park on Tuesday. The confused creatures wandered around the park and the artificial grass field normal used for human sporting events. Officers used soccer goals fence the cow in. Therefore, it then dashed and moved through one of the nets, knocked down a police officer. The police eventually trapped the cow among two vehicles parked there. An officer then shot an arrow to put him to sleep. Then officers waited for the drug to take an effect. After it fall asleep, they loaded the cow into a horse trailer. It was not clear what the cow came from or how it got lost. 【 答 案 】 1.creatures→creature 2.normal→normally 3.fence 前 加 to 4.Therefore→However 5.knocked→knocking 6.among→between 7.him→it 8.去 掉 take 后的 an 9.fall→fell 10.what→where 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了纽约市的警察抓一头在公园中游荡的牛的经过。 【详解】1.考查名词单数。此处指上一句提到的“a cow”，应该是单数形式。故 creatures 改为 creature。 2.考查副词。句意：这只困惑的动物在公园和通常用于人们体育比赛的人造草地上游荡。修 饰过去分词 used，应该用副词形式。故 normal 改为 normally。 3.考查非谓语动词。句意：警察用足球球门把牛围了起来。此处 fence 是动词，意思为“圈 起”；根据句意，此处用不定式做目的状语，意思为“为了”。故 fence 前加 to。 4.考查副词。前一句说“警察用足球球门把牛围起来”，后一句说“它冲过了一个球网”， 前后两个句子之间语义转折，因此用 however 表示转折关系。故 Therefore 改为 However。 5.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，它冲过了一个球网，撞倒了一名警察。根据句意，“knock down a police officer”是“牛冲出球网”的结果；句子主语 it 和 knock 之间为逻辑上的 - 25 - 主动关系，因此用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故 knocked 改为 knocking。 6.考查介词。among 指“三者或三者以上”之间，between 指“两者之间”；根据后面的 two vehicles 可知，此处是两者之间，应用 between。故 among 改为 between。 7.考查代词。句意：一名警官向它射了一箭，让它睡着了。此处指代 the cow，指动物，应该 用 it。故 him 改为 it。 8.考查固定短语。短语 take effect 意思为“生效，起作用”，不需要不定冠词 an。故去掉 take 后的 an。 9.考查动词时态。全文叙述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；fall 是不规则变化动词， 过去式为 fell。故 fall 改为 fell。 10.考查从属连词。句意：目前还不清楚这头牛是从哪里来的，也不清楚它是怎么迷路的。根 据句意，主语从句“the cow came from”中缺少地点状语，应用 where 引导。故 what 改为 where。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.某英文杂志在其“互动栏目（Q&A）”刊出 Peter 的来信，欢迎读者就信中提到的问题进 行分析并提出建议。假定你是读者李华，请给 Peter 回信。 Dear editor I’m a senior high student. Because of the outbreak of COVID-19, I have to stay at home. Those are really frustrating days. I feel my normal life ruined and I was nearly driven crazy. What should I do? Thanks a lot. Peter 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ - 26 - ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Peter, I am very sorry to hear that you had to stay at home to prevent COVID-19 spreading. It is frustrating and hard to adapt to such a situation. Here are some suggestions I want to offer you. To begin with, I strongly suggest that you choose some books you really want to read because reading can teach you some wisdom and broaden your horizons. In addition, it is also a good idea to find some hands-on activities, for example, cooking food for your family or do some painting, which will certainly strengthen your family bond and arouse your creativity. Most importantly, you are supposed to take a positive attitude to life and believe everything will pick up soon. I sincerely hope my suggestions are of some help to you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封回信，就信中提到的问题进行分析并提出建议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：1.分析问题 2.提出建议 1）读书。（reading books） 2）实际操作。（hands-on activities） 3）积极的态度。（a positive attitude） 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） adapt to; suggestions; To begin with; for example; do some painting; certainly; be - 27 - supposed to do; pick up; be of some help 第三步：连词成句 1. It is frustrating and hard to adapt to such a situation. 2. Here are some suggestions I want to offer you. 3. To begin with, I strongly suggest that you choose some books you really want to read 4. for example, cooking food for your family or do some painting, which will certainly strengthen your family bond and arouse your creativity. 5. you are supposed to take a positive attitude to life and believe everything will pick up soon. 6. I sincerely hope my suggestions are of some help to you. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：In addition, it is also a good idea to find some hands-on activities, for example, cooking food for your family or do some painting, which will certainly strengthen your family bond and arouse your creativity.这句话运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句；也使用了一些固定词组，如 To begin with; for example; be supposed to do 等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了 很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添 - 28 - 彩。 - 29 -