江西省南昌市2020届高三二模测试英语试题 Word版含解析

江西省南昌市2020届高三二模测试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - NCS20200707 项目第二次模拟测试卷 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考试号写在答题卡相应的位置。 2. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，用 2B 铅笔涂满涂黑，答在试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18 C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1. Where does this conversation take place? A. In a car. B. In a lift. C. In a bookstore. 2. What does Wendy want to do? A. Prepare supper. B. Set the table. C. Watch a show. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. The after-sales service. B. The price of goods. C. The product quality. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Mother and son. 5. What does Bill advise the woman to do? A. To consult the dictionary. B. To buy a magazine. C. To play word games. 第二节（共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 岀最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小 题将给 岀 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 - 2 - 6. When does the biology exam take place? A. On Tuesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 7. How does the woman feel about James’ words? A. Annoyed. B. Pleased. C. Moved. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. Why did Vanessa show her clothes online? A. To sell the latest clothes. B. To share fashion information. C. To get more likes. 9. What is Vanessa’s parents’ attitude toward her blog? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Ambiguous. 10. What did Vanessa do at the big show? A. She interviewed the models. B. She took photos of the shows. C. She chatted with the designer. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What are the speakers doing? A. Doing a survey. B. Having an interview. C. Sharing work experience. 12. What does the woman really care about? A. The job duties. B. The working hours. C. The career development. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Wait for the result outside. B. Send another applicant in. C. Work in a bookstore. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. Why does the man disagree on using china cups? A. They are very expensive. B. The customers dislike them. C. There’s nowhere to wash them. 15. Why does the woman speak of a report on smoking? A. To support her advice. B. To introduce another topic. C. To share the latest information. 16. What is the speakers’ business? - 3 - A. Providing health care. B. Improving personal image. C. Greening the office. 17. How many suggestions does the woman give? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. Who is Dr. Mott probably talking to? A. Patients. B. Students. C. Teachers. 19. When did Dr. Mott begin running? A. At the age of 27. B. In middle school. C. After high school. 20. What is advised to do to start running? A. Walk first. B. Go to a gym. C. Buy equipment. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题海小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Large rainforests are extremely important ecosystems on our planet. They are home to a large number of animal and plant species, and they absorb vast amounts of carbon dioxide, which helps reduce global warming. These biggest ones in the world are a sight to observe. Daintree Rainforest The main river of the rainforest is the Daintree River, and it also includes the Daintree National Park. If you are wondering why everything seems to share the name, the reason is simple-Richard Daintree was a famous Australian geologist and photographer. Plenty of options will take you there, including a ferry. Valdivian Temperate Rainforest This rainforest is known to be extremely foggy and humid, but some interesting species live there. Since it is on the coast, you can witness ice sheets and glaciers as well. Getting to the rainforest is most accessible from Santiago, the capital of Chile, and a train ride or a bus is a preferred option. Congo Rainforest This rainforest also features a large number of different plant and animal species, - 4 - including gorillas, forest elephants, and lions. Visiting this rainforest is also recommended by using a tour company, preferably by finding one in the Republic of Congo. Amazon Rainforest It is estimated that we can find 16,000 different tree species in the Amazon rainforest. When it comes to other plants, animals, and insects, the numbers are even more impressive. The especially interesting thing is that there is still a large number of undiscovered species. A tour guide is advised since going through the rainforest can be dangerous, with predatory creatures(食肉动物)running around. 1. Which of the following is named after a person? A. Daintree Rainforest. B. The capital of Chile. C. The Republic of Congo. D. Amazon Rainforest. 2. What is recommended to visit Valdivian Temperate Rainforest? A. By ferry. B. By train. C. By plane. D. By bike. 3. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary. B. A brochure. C. A novel. D. A report. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。大的热带雨林对地球的生态系统尤为重要，文章给我们介绍了四个热带雨 林的特点，以及参观方式等。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Daintree Rainforest 部分下的 If you are wondering why everything seems to share the name, the reason is simple-Richard Daintree was a famous Australian geologist and photographer.(如果你想知道为什么每样事物都是一样的名字，原因很简 单——Richard Daintree 是 一个 著名 的 澳大 利 亚地 理学 家 和摄 影家 ) 可 知， Daintree Rainforest 是以澳大利亚地理学家和摄影家 Richard Daintree 的名字来命名的。A. Daintree Rainforest.符合以上说法，故选 A 项。 - 5 - 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Valdivian Temperate Rainforest 部分下的 Getting to the rainforest is most accessible from Santiago, the capital of Chile, and a train ride or a bus is a preferred option.(从智利的首都圣地亚哥去热带雨林是最方便的，乘坐火车和公交车 是首选)可知，去 Valdivian Temperate Rainforest 的首选是乘坐火车或者公交车。B. By train.(坐火车)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二部分的 Plenty of options will take you there, including a ferry.(有很多选择可以带你去那儿，包括轮渡)，第三部分的 Since it is on the coast, you can witness ice sheets and glaciers as well.(因为它在沿海，你还可以看 到冰川和冰原)，第四部分的 Visiting this rainforest is also recommended by using a tour company, preferably by finding one in the Republic of Congo. (游览这片雨林也可以 通过旅行社来推荐，最好是在刚果共和国找一家旅游公司)和最后一部分的 A tour guide is advised since going through the rainforest can be dangerous(因为穿过该雨林可能会 有危险，所以建议和导游一起)可推测，本文很有可能出现在旅游公司的宣传手册上。B. A brochure.(一本手册)符合以上推测，故选 B 项。 B When I sent my daughter, Emma, off for her freshman year of college a few years ago, I found myself affected by an unbelievable feeling of melancholy. Clearly, I'm not alone. Just last week, The Wall Street Journal reported that more than 90 percent of colleges offer to help moms and dads who are “struggling with the change.” Between Thanksgiving, winter holiday, spring break and summer break, the first one out of my nest has come fluttering back home nearly every month of the year since she has been away. Good friends like to joke that they see more of her now than they did when she was a senior in high school. In the meantime, Emma calls, texts or e-mails me almost every day. Given all this, missing Emma seems kind of silly；I've never really gotten the chance. So why, then, have I still felt on some level that I've experienced a great loss? All summer long before Emma left that first year, I took Emma out for countless - 6 - mother-daughter breakfasts, lunches, coffees and walks. At the same time, I seemed to find fault with Emma all the time. In my eyes, Emma had spent the weeks leading up to school going out with her friends too much, staying out way too late, making too big a mess, not working enough and, for goodness sake, certainly not spending enough time with me! Although it's taken quite a while to realize what was happening, I now understand that my unhappiness and anxiety are not a reflection of how much time Emma and I spend together. Regardless of how often she comes home, or how many times a day we chat or text, Emma is now gone in a far grander sense. She is well on the road to adulthood, and from this, she will never return. 4. What does the underlined word “melancholy” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Fierce anger. B. Deep sadness. C. Extreme excitement. D. Great satisfaction. 5. Why does it seem silly for the author to miss her daughter? A. They keep in touch frequently. B. Friends like to make fun of her. C. Emma has grown up to an adult. D. Other parents don't behave like this. 6. What actually made the author overly worried? A. The untidiness of Emma's room. B. The passing of Emma's childhood. C. Taking Emma out all too often. D. Spending little time with Emma. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Changes in the Parent-Child Relationship B. The Most Concerned Parents of All Time C. Growing Pains for College Students D. Struggling to Let Go of My Daughter 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要记叙了几年前，作者送女儿 Emma 去上大学时，发现自己很悲 伤。并且在报道中发现自己不是唯一一个有这种感受的家长。作者于是分析了让自己产生这 种失落感的原因，最终发现是 Emma 童年的逝去让自己感到失落，女儿如今已经很好地走在了 成年的路上，从此，她再也回不去了。 - 7 - 【4 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据后文 Clearly, I'm not alone. Just last week, The Wall Street Journal reported that more than 90 percent of colleges offer to help moms and dads who are “struggling with the change.”可知显然，我并不孤单。就在上周，《华尔街日报》报道 称，超过 90%的大学提供帮助，帮助那些“在变化中挣扎”的父母。由此可知，几年前，当作 者送女儿 Emma 去上大学一年级时，作者发现自己被一种难以置信的悲伤情绪所感染。划线单 词意思为“深深的悲伤”。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 In the meantime, Emma calls, texts or e-mails me almost every day.可知与此同时，Emma 几乎每天都给我打电话、发短信或电子邮件。以及第三段中 Given all this, missing Emma seems kind of silly…可知考虑到这一切，想念艾玛似乎有点傻…… 由此可知，作者想念她的女儿会显得很愚蠢因为他们经常保持联系。故选 A。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Although it's taken quite a while to realize what was happening, I now understand that my unhappiness and anxiety are not a reflection of how much time Emma and I spend together. Regardless of how often she comes home, or how many times a day we chat or text, Emma is now gone in a far grander sense. She is well on the road to adulthood, and from this, she will never return.可知虽然花 了相当长的时间才意识到发生了什么，但我现在明白，我的不快乐和焦虑并不是我和 Emma 在 一起的时间多寡的反映。不管她回家的频率有多高，也不管我们每天有多少次聊天或发短信， Emma 现在在更大的意义上来说，已经不在了。她已经很好地走在了成年的路上，从此，她再 也回不去了。由此可知，让作者过度担心的原因是 Emma 童年的逝去。故选 B。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中 When I sent my daughter, Emma, off for her freshman year of college a few years ago, I found myself affected by an unbelievable feeling of melancholy.可知几年前，当我送女儿艾玛去上大学一年级时，我发现自己被一种难以置信的 忧郁情绪所感染。结合文章主要记叙了几年前，作者送女儿 Emma 去上大学时，发现自己很悲 伤。并且在报道中发现自己不是唯一一个有这种感受的家长。作者于是分析了让自己产生这 种失落感的原因，最终发现是 Emma 童年的逝去让自己感到失落，女儿如今已经很好地走在了 成年的路上，从此，她再也回不去了。由此可知，D 选项“挣扎着放开我的女儿”最符合文章 - 8 - 标题，故选 D。 C On my fourth day in a self-driving car, I finally felt comfortable enough to let it stop itself. Before then, I'd allowed the car-a Volvo S90 sedan-to control the direction, with my hands still on the wheel, and to adjust speed in traffic. By Day 4, I was ready to make a jump into the future. With the car traveling on a busy road, I activated the driverless mode. Soon, a traffic light turned red. For a split second, I prepared to get on the brakes. There was no need. The cameras and computers in the Volvo recognized the traffic conditions and smoothly began applying the brake. If you're anything like most people, you're familiar with this anxiety. Almost 80 percent of Americans fear traveling in a self-driving car, a recent survey found. Researchers at the University of Chicago have conducted some clever experiments studying the phenomenon. They asked participants to complete tasks and compare their performance with a computer system's. After the computer made a mistake, people were unwilling to use it again. After the people made mistakes, their self-confidence wouldn't change. It didn't matter that the human beings made more mistakes than the computer. So it is with driving. More than 37,000 Americans died in crashes last year, most from human error. The death count from cars goes beyond that from guns. So if you are shocked and angry by guns and want things to change, you should feel the same about car crashes. Technology creates an opportunity to save lives. Computers don't get drunk or distracted by text messages, and they don't have blind spots. Just look at commercial airlines: Automation has helped all but get rid of deadly crashes among American air carriers. The last one happened in 2009. The technology for self-driving cars still isn't good enough. But it is improving rapidly. Within a few years, many cars will have advanced crash-avoidance systems and driving will be revolutionized sooner than many people now understand. 8. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By offering a piece of news. B. By giving background information. - 9 - C. By describing an experience. D. By introducing a latest car. 9. What can be learnt about the participants of the experiments? A. They tended to accept the computer's faults. B. They seemed to care little about their own mistakes. C. They felt less confident after making mistakes. D. They performed better than computer systems. 10. The author mentioned commercial airlines___________. A. to prove the advantage of technology B. to assess the security of driverless cars C. to find fault with computers D. to advertise for the commercial airlines 11. What does the author expect of the self-driving car? A. I'll avoid deadly crashes entirely. B. It'll occupy the market in a short time. C. It'll be bettered in every possible way. D. It'll be popularized sooner than expected. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者先是通过自己驾驶自动汽车的经历来说明了最近的一项调 查发现，近 80%的美国人害怕乘坐自动驾驶汽车。而芝加哥大学的研究人员进行了一些巧妙的 实验来研究这一现象，结果发现电脑出了错误后，人们就不愿再用它了。当人们犯了错误之 后，他们的自信并不会改变。文章还说明了电脑技术的优势以及作者对自动驾驶汽车的期待。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章前三段主要描述了作者第四天驾驶自动驾驶汽车时的经过，在路上， 交通灯变红了刹那间，作者准备踩刹车，这是没有必要的，沃尔沃车上的摄像头和电脑识别 出了交通状况，并开始平稳地刹车。结合第三段中 Almost 80 percent of Americans fear traveling in a self-driving car, a recent survey found.可知最近的一项调查发现，近 80%的美国人害怕乘坐自动驾驶汽车。第四段中则开始论述文章的主题。由此可推知，作者通 过描述一个自身经历来引入主题。故选 C。 - 10 - 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中 They asked participants to complete tasks and compare their performance with a computer system's. After the computer made a mistake, people were unwilling to use it again. After the people made mistakes, their self-confidence wouldn't change. It didn't matter that the human beings made more mistakes than the computer.可知他们要求参与者完成任务，并将他们的表现与电脑系统进行比较。电脑出了错 误后，人们就不愿再用它了。当人们犯了错误之后，他们的自信不会改变。人类犯的错误比 计算机多并不重要。由此可推知，实验参与者似乎对自己的错误毫不在意。故选 B。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 Technology creates an opportunity to save lives. Computers don't get drunk or distracted by text messages, and they don't have blind spots.Just look at commercial airlines: Automation has helped all but get rid of deadly crashes among American air carriers.可知技术创造了拯救生命的机会。电脑不会喝醉或 被短信分心，也没有盲点。看看商业航空公司:自动化几乎帮助所有美国航空公司摆脱了致命 的坠机事故.由此可推知，作者提到商业航空公司是为了证明技术的优势。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 The technology for self-driving cars still isn't good enough. But it is improving rapidly. Within a few years, many cars will have advanced crash-avoidance systems and driving will be revolutionized sooner than many people now understand.可知自动驾驶汽车的技术还不够好。但它正在迅速改善。几年之内，许多汽 车将拥有先进的防撞系统，驾驶技术将比现在人们所了解的更快地发生革命性变化。由此可 推知，作者对自动驾驶汽车的期望是它会比预期更早地普及。故选 D。 【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理， 从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做 这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等， 找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判 断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。以本文第二题为例，根据第四段中 They asked participants to complete tasks and compare their performance with a computer system's. After the computer made a mistake, people were unwilling to use it again. After the people made mistakes, their self-confidence wouldn't change. It didn't matter that the human - 11 - beings made more mistakes than the computer.可知他们要求参与者完成任务，并将他们 的表现与电脑系统进行比较。电脑出了错误后，人们就不愿再用它了。当人们犯了错误之后， 他们的自信不会改变。人类犯的错误比计算机多并不重要。由此可推知，实验参与者似乎对 自己的错误毫不在意。故选 B。 D We've all spent time in a hospital, whether through medical issues of our own or those of a loved one. And while we're used to seeing the doctors hurry in and out of the room, displaying varying degrees of attention, it's the constant and reliable presence of the nursing staff and their professionalism that gives the most confidence and relief to those in the room. So, while doctors and surgeons tend to get most spotlight, nurses are really at the forefront of patient care. They are often called upon to make important, life-saving decisions multiple times a day and work closely with doctors to analyze records and test results to advise on treatment. It's the nurses that are frequently responsible for identifying a condition and matching the right specialist doctor to a patient, and it's the nurses that are often the first on the scene to treat people in an emergency. A career in Nursing brings job security, a good wage, career mobility, and chance to decide your own career path. You can work part or full time according to your preference. You can be flexible on work location and specialism. If a particular area interests you, you can explore that as there will always be the need for quality nurses across the medical spectrum(医学光谱)with a passion for their work. Jobs in the field are in high demand, with significant opportunities to learn, grow and reach senior leadership positions. However, if you want to undertake a career in Nursing, a good education is compulsory. The University of Texas at El Paso School of Nursing offers high quality and affordable undergraduate and graduate programs reinforced by talented faculty(全 体教师), strong clinical partnerships and advanced simulation(模拟)technology. Students do gain much real experience before working in a hospital. Adelphi's College of Nursing and Public Health provides students with a top-rated, comprehensive - 12 - education grounded in practice, theory and creativity. They are devoted to transforming students' lives through small classes with world-class faculty, hands-on learning and creative ways to support academic and career success. The Wayne State University College of Nursing, attaching special importance to first-hand experience, is dedicated to providing the highest quality education to a diverse population of graduate students. Graduates from the college are prepared to be nurse leaders in research, education and practice. 12. What can comfort patients most in the hospital? A. Spending less time there. B. Receiving concrete care from nurses. C. Drawing little attention there. D. Getting timely information from doctors. 13. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The content of different positions. B. The process of patient care. C. The importance of nursing work. D. The contribution of doctors. 14. Which of the following can best describe the nurse professional? A. Low-paid and secure. B. Promising and significant. C. Flexible and tiresome. D. Demanding and dangerous. 15. What do colleges in the last paragraph have in common? A. They charge high learning fees. B. They offer small-class teaching. C. They require basic nursing education. D. They provide hands-on learning. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。护士的专业护理给病人带来最大的安慰，且配合医生参与很多重大救治， - 13 - 是很重要的职业。此外，目前社会对护士的需求量很大，因此它也是很有前景的职业。最后 文章介绍了一些大学护理专业的特色。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的 it's the constant and reliable presence of the nursing staff and their professionalism that gives the most confidence and relief to those in the room. (护士持续的、可靠的关注和他们的专业技能，给房间里的人最大的信心和安慰)可知， 父母最大的安慰来自护士的细心照顾。B. Receiving concrete care from nurses.(受到护 士具体和专业的照顾)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【13 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段的主要内容，尤其第一句的 So, while doctors and surgeons tend to get most spotlight, nurses are really at the forefront of patient care.(所以， 虽然医生和外科医生往往最受关注，但护士确实是站在病人护理的最前沿)可知，本段主要讲 述护士工作的重要性。C. The importance of nursing work.(护士工作的重要性)符合以上 说法，故选 C 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的 They are often called upon to make important, life-saving decisions multiple times a day and work closely with doctors to analyze records and test results to advise on treatment.(他们经常被要求每天多次做出重要的、挽救生命的 决定，并与医师密切合作，分析记录和测试结果，为治疗提供建议)和第三段的 Jobs in the field are in high demand, with significant opportunities to learn, grow and reach senior leadership positions.(这个领域的工作需求量很大，有很多学习、成长和升到高级 领导职位的机会)可推测，护士是一份非常重要且有前景的职业。B. Promising and significant.(有前景且十分重要)符合以上推测，故选 B 项。 【15 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 的 The University of Texas at El Paso School of Nursing …Students do gain much real experience…. Adelphi's College of Nursing and Public Health provides students …with world-class faculty, hands-on learning and creative ways to support academic and career success. The Wayne State University College of Nursing, attaching special importance to first-hand experience(德克萨 斯大学艾尔帕索的护理学校会为学生提供很多的实际经验；阿德尔菲大学护理与公共卫生学 - 14 - 院为学生提供一流的、基于实践、理论和创造力的综合教育；韦恩州立大学护理学院特别重 视一手经验。)可知，这三个大学的共同之处是很重视实际操作，提供了实际操作的学习。D. They provide hands-on learning.(他们都提供了实际操作的学习)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Let's face it: The last hour of anyone's workday is not always fruitful. As the hours of peak productivity start to decline, most people begin watching the clock, waiting for nothing.____16____“How positively you end your professional day can promote success both inside and outside of the office,” says Randi Levin, a transitional life strategist. Let's see how successful people end their workday with a bang. Successful people reflect on their accomplishments. While many of us spend our last hour of work making a to-do list for tomorrow, they review the day they just had, instead.____17____Similarly, Levin recommends writing down the day's wins rather than setbacks or to-dos, as well as reviewing your list of successes once a month. It will prove your professional growth and bring more joy into your job. Also, successful people brainstorm solutions for today's setbacks.____18____Instead, they end their day by thinking carefully about the problems they met, brainstorming possible solutions, and then leaving it for tomorrow. They will settle those problems after a good night's sleep. ____19____Rather than detailing the tasks that need to get done, this kind of list encourages people to focus on finding solutions for their projects. “Forget the horrible 'to-do' list,” Levin says, “before heading to happy hour, write down three to five goals you have for the next 24 hours.____20____It will provide you with not only a concrete and positive way to begin tomorrow, but also it will allow you to see much more possibilities.” A. This list is a promise to yourself. B. Successful people make a to-do list. C. It will make people understand the problems better. D. They never bring the day's failures home with them. - 15 - E. Another work these people do is to create an action list. F. But ending the workday with purpose can make a difference. G. They typically choose a case and consider what led to that success. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了如何充分利用你工作的最后一个小时：回顾一天的成就， 集思广益解决今天的挫折，安排一次与自己的日常会议，创建一个行动列表。 【16 题详解】 根据后文“How positively you end your professional day can promote success both inside and outside of the office,” says Randi Levin, a transitional life strategist. Let's see how successful people end their workday with a bang.可知过渡人生策略师 Randi Levin 说:“以积极的态度结束一天的工作，可以促进你在办公室内外的成功。”让我们来看看成功 人士是如何用“砰”的一声结束一天的工作的。由此可知，本句与上文发生转折，强调有目 的地结束一天工作，故 F 选项“但是有目的地结束一天的工作是有意义的”符合上下文语境， 故选 F。 【17 题详解】 根据后文 Similarly, Levin recommends writing down the day's wins rather than setbacks or to-dos, as well as reviewing your list of successes once a month.可知类似地， Levin 建议你写下当天的成就，而不是挫折或待办事项，并且每个月回顾一次你的成功清单。 由此可知，成功人士会回顾自己的一天，并思考是什么导致了成功，这对其他人来说有借鉴 意义。故 G 选项“他们通常会选择一个案例，并考虑是什么导致了成功”符合上下文语境， 故选 G。 【18 题详解】 根据后文 Instead, they end their day by thinking carefully about the problems they met, brainstorming possible solutions, and then leaving it for tomorrow. They will settle those problems after a good night's sleep.可知相反，他们在一天结束的时候会 仔细思考他们遇到的问题，集思广益可能的解决方案，然后把它留到明天。他们会在好好睡 一觉后解决这些问题。由此可知，本句与下文的内容相反，指的是成功的人从不把一天的失 败带回家，而是在一天结束的时候会仔细思考他们遇到的问题，想出解决方案，然后第二天 再去解决。故 D 选项“他们从不把一天的失败带回家”符合上下文语境，故选 D。 - 16 - 【19 题详解】 根据后文 Rather than detailing the tasks that need to get done, this kind of list encourages people to focus on finding solutions for their projects.可知这类清单鼓 励人们专注于为自己的项目寻找解决方案，而不是详细列出需要完成的任务。由此可知，本 句是在说明成功人会列出行动列表，后文中 this kind of list 可对应到 E 选项中 an action list。故 E 选项“这些人做的另一项工作是创建一个行动列表”符合上下文语境，故选 E。 【20 题详解】 根据后文 It will provide you with not only a concrete and positive way to begin tomorrow, but also it will allow you to see much more possibilities.可知它不仅会为你明天的 开始提供一个具体而积极的方式，而且还会让你看到更多的可能性。由此可知，此处是在说 明这个行动清单的重要性——清单是对自己的承诺。故 A 选项“这个清单是对你自己的承诺” 符合上下文语境，故选 A。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 Curtis Whitson, a regular rafter(漂流者), was trapped at the top of a waterfall with his son, Hunter. This year,____21____snow and spring rains had turned the usually manageable falls into something____22____. Telling from the increasing sound of water, Whitson knew there was no way to go down the rocks as____23____. They had no cell service, and they hadn't seen a____24____person in the past three days. As Whitson was thinking about what to do, he heard____25____coming from the other side of the waterfall. He____26____, but the sound of the rushing water____27____his cry. “We have to get these people a____28____,” Whitson thought. Meanwhile, he grabbed his water bottle and pulled out his pocket knife to____29____“Help!” on it. Hunter found a pen and paper to write a note. Then Whitson____30____threw the bottle over the waterfall. But he____31____no response for a long time. With no reasonable____32____that their message in a bottle would find its way - 17 - to anyone, they had another____33____: They spelled out SOS in white rocks. As the evening wore on, they____34____a flashing headlamp aside so that it could be seen from overhead. Soon after, they heard a____35____coming with the____36____words: “This is Search and Rescue. You have been found.” After____37____the helicopter, they got the whole story that two hikers____38____the bottle and handed it to the campground. This____39____rafting made Whitson and his son realize that with strong faith we will get a stone of____40____out of the mountain of despair(绝望). 21. A. permanent B. frozen C. heavy D. soft 22. A. fierce B. small C. unique D. splendid 23. A. tracked B. ordered C. presented D. planned 24. A. responsible B. single C. helpful D. skilled 25. A. news B. sigh C. voices D. advice 26. A. complained B. cheered C. struggled D. yelled 27. A. stopped B. covered C. strengthened D. answered 28. A. call B. notice C. message D. warning 29. A. strike B. carve C. sign D. form 30. A. perfectly B. quietly C. casually D. repeatedly 31. A. received B. showed C. made D. required 32. A. decision B. arrangement C. choice D. expectation 33. A. throw B. trouble C. tool D. try 34. A. placed B. pushed C. deserted D. dropped 35. A. car B. helicopter C. person D. ship 36. A. crazy B. grateful C. magic D. gentle 37. A. searching B. spotting C. following D. boarding 38. A. glanced at B. picked up C. looked for D. dug out 39. A. unusual B. exciting C. normal D. pleasant 40. A. success B. scare C. hope D. - 18 - misfortune 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了 Curtis Whitson 和儿子 Hunter 漂流时被困在了瀑布的顶 部，他们巧妙地用求救瓶向外界发出了求救信号，从而得救的故事。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年，由于大雪和春雨，原本可以应付的瀑布变得更加凶猛。A. permanent 永久的；B. frozen 冻结的；C. heavy 沉重的；D. soft 柔软的。结合后文 Whitson 一家被围困在瀑布可知今年的大雪和春雨导致瀑布水量增多，变得湍急。故选 C。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年，由于大雪和春雨，原本可以应付的瀑布变得更加凶猛。A. fierce 凶猛的；B. small 小的；C. unique 独特的；D. splendid 辉煌的。根据后文 Telling from the increasing sound of water 可知瀑布水量增多，变得凶猛湍急。故选 A。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从越来越大的水声中，Whitson 知道没有办法按计划走下岩石了。 A. tracked 跟踪；B. ordered 命令；C. presented 提出；D. planned 计划。结合上文 Whitson knew there was no way to go down the rocks as 可知 Whitson 知道没有办法按计划走下岩 石了。故选 D。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的手机没有信号，而且在过去的三天里他们一个人也没见 过。A. responsible 负责的；B. single 单一的；C. helpful 有益的；D. skilled 熟练的。 Whitson 和儿子被困在瀑布顶部，他们手机没有信号，也没有看到一个人。故选 B。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当 Whitson 想着该怎么办时，他听到瀑布的另一边传来了说话 声。A. news 新闻；B. sigh 叹气；C. voices 声音；D. advice 建议。根据下文 We have to get these people 可知瀑布的另一边传来了人的说话声。故选 C。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喊道，但是激流的流水声掩盖了他的喊声。A. complained 诉苦； - 19 - B. cheered 欢呼；C. struggled 挣扎；D. yelled 叫喊。结合上文可知瀑布涨水，因此声音 很大，Whitson 要靠叫喊来引起那边的人注意。故选 D。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喊道，但是激流的流水声掩盖了他的喊声。A. stopped 停止；B. covered 覆盖；C. strengthened 加强；D. answered 回答。结合后文 his cry 可知激流的流 水声掩盖了他的喊声。故选 B。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们必须给这些人发出一条信息，”Whitson 想。A. call 电话； B. notice 通知；C. message 消息；D. warning 警告。另一边的人听不到 Whitson 的叫喊， 因此 Whitson 想到要在水壶上刻字来给他们传递信息。故选 C。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，他抓起水壶，掏出小刀，刻下了“救命!”。A. strike 罢工；B. carve 雕刻；C. sign 签名；D. form 表格。根据上文 his pocket knife to 可知他 抓起水壶，掏出小刀，刻下了“救命!”。故选 B。 【30 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后 Whitson 完美地把瓶子扔到了瀑布上。A. perfectly 完美地； B. quietly 安静地；C. casually 随便地；D. repeatedly 重复地。结合后文两个徒步旅行者 捡起瓶子并把它交给了营地可知，Whitson 完美地把瓶子扔到了瀑布上。最终获救了。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是很长一段时间他没有收到任何回复。A. received 收到；B. showed 展示；C. made 制作；D. required 需要。结合后文 no response for a long time 可 知他没有收到任何回复。故选 A。 【32 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们根本没有理由期待瓶子里的信息会传递给任何人，于是他们 又试了一次:用白色的石头拼出 SOS。A. decision 决定；B. arrangement 安排；C. choice 选择；D. expectation 期待。结合后文 that their message in a bottle would find its way to anyone 可知 Whitson 把水壶丢进瀑布希望另一边的人看到的做法非常不可靠，因此他们也 没有理由期待瓶子里的信息会传递给任何人。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们根本没有理由期待瓶子里的信息会传递给任何人，于是他们 - 20 - 又试了一次:用白色的石头拼出 SOS。A. throw 投掷；B. trouble 麻烦；C. tool 工具；D. try 尝试。根据后文 They spelled out SOS in white rocks.可知水壶刻字的办法没有奏效，他 们又进行了一次呼救尝试。故选 D。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着夜幕的降临，他们把一盏闪烁的头灯放在一边，以便从头顶 上看清楚。A. placed 放置；B. pushed 推；C. deserted 遗弃；D. dropped 落下。根据后文 a flashing headlamp aside 可知他们把一盏闪烁的头灯放在一边。故选 A。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，他们就听到有直升机带着神奇的话语飞来，“这里是 搜救队。你们已经被发现了。”A. car 汽车；B. helicopter 直升机；C. person 人；D. ship 船。根据后文 the helicopter 可知他们听到直升机来了。故选 B。 【36 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，他们就听到有直升机带着神奇的话语飞来，“这里 是搜救队。你们已经被发现了。”A. crazy 疯狂的；B. grateful 感谢的；C. magic 神奇的； D. gentle 温和的。本来 Whitson 并没有指望其他人能捡到水壶来救自己，但是结果直升机真 的来了，因此此处是指直升机带着神奇的话语飞来。故选 C。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：登上直升飞机后，他们知道了整个事情的经过，两个徒步旅行者 捡起瓶子并把它交给了营地。A. searching 搜寻；B. spotting 发现；C. following 跟随；D. boarding 登机。根据后文 the helicopter 可知他们登上了直升飞机。故选 D。 【38 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：登上直升飞机后，他们知道了整个事情的经过，两个徒步旅行者 捡起瓶子并把它交给了营地。A. glanced at 瞥见；B. picked up 捡起；C. looked for 寻找； D. dug out 挖出。根据后文 the bottle and handed it to the campground.可知是两个徒 步旅行者捡起瓶子并把它交给了营地。故选 B。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次不同寻常的漂流让 Whitson 和他的儿子意识到，只要有坚 定的信念，我们就能从绝望之山中找到希望之石。A. unusual 不寻常的；B. exciting 激动 的；C. normal 正常的；D. pleasant 令人愉快的。这次瀑布被困的经历对 Whitson 他们来说 是不同寻常的。故选 A。 - 21 - 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次不同寻常的漂流让 Whitson 和他的儿子意识到，只要有坚定 的信念，我们就能从绝望之山中找到希望之石。A. success 成功；B. scare 恐惧；C. hope 希望；D. misfortune 不幸。结合 Whitson 他们的经历可知，他们虽然被困，但是没有放弃求 生的希望，才最终获救的。故此处指从绝望之山中找到希望之石。故选 C。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Eggs are great for breakfast and can____41____(cook) in different ways. One topic of debate, however, is why brown chicken eggs usually cost more than white ones. According to Sharman Hickman, the director of community outreach and education for Hickman's Family Farms, it's first important to know the reason____42____chickens have various egg colors. The chicken breed(品种) and their genetics decide whether hens possess pigment genes, the natural chemical during the egg laying process that coats the egg and results____43____a colored shell. Hens who produce colored eggshells tend to be____44____(large) and require more feed and energy____45____(create) that painted layer. Since those breeds cost more to feed, their eggs____46____(be) more expensive. Although eggs sometimes look and are priced____47____(different) , it's important to know the color of the eggshell is related to the breed of the hen, not the egg's nutrient content, flavor profile,____48____shell thickness, according to Malina Linkas Malkani, media spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. “____49____(choose) between brown and white eggs is a matter of personal_____50_____(prefer) ,” she says. Whatever you prefer, don't judge an egg by its shell color. 【答案】41. be cooked 42. why 43. in 44. larger 45. to create 46. are 47. differently 48. or 49. Choosing 50. preference - 22 - 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。鸡蛋是很好的早餐，可以用不同的方法烹饪。然而，引起争论的一个话题 是为什么棕色鸡蛋通常比白色鸡蛋更贵。文章解释了鸡为什么会有各种颜色的蛋的原因。有 人指出尽管鸡蛋有时看起来和价格不同，但蛋壳的颜色与母鸡的品种有关，不管你喜欢什么， 不要根据蛋壳的颜色来判断一个鸡蛋。 【41 题详解】 考查动词语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且 can 后跟动词原形。故填 be cooked。 【42 题详解】 考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 reason，且先行词在从句中做原因状语，用关系 副词 why。故填 why。 【43 题详解】 考查介词。根据短语 result in 表示“导致”。故填 in。 【44 题详解】 考查比较级。句意：生产彩色蛋壳的母鸡往往体型更大，需要更多的饲料和能量来制造彩色 蛋壳。结合句意可知表示“更大”应用形容词比较级形式 larger。故填 larger。 【45 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知 create 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且此处表目的应用 不定式。故填 to create。 【46 题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：由于这些品种的饲料成本更高，它们的蛋也更贵。根据上文 Since those breeds cost more to feed 可知为一般现在时，主语为 eggs，故谓语动词用复数形式。 故填 are。 【47 题详解】 考查副词。此处修饰上文动词 price“给……定价”应用副词 differently，表示“不同地”。 故填 differently。 【48 题详解】 考查连词。句意：营养与饮食学院的媒体发言人 Malina Linkas Malkani 表示，虽然鸡蛋的 外观和价格有时会有所不同，但要知道蛋壳的颜色与母鸡的品种有关，而不是鸡蛋的营养成 分、风味成分或蛋壳的厚度。结合上下文语境可知此处表示选择应用连词 or，表示“或者”。 故填 or。 - 23 - 【49 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知本句中缺少主语，故应用动名词短语 Choosing between brown and white eggs 作主语。句首字母要大写。故填 Choosing。 【50 题详解】 考查名词。上文 personal 为形容词修饰名词，故应填名词 preference，表示“喜好”。故填 preference。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删减：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 It was a Sunday afternoon. My parents and I were watching TV excited when suddenly I spotted the pigeon on the balcony. It was a white pigeon with a ring around one of its foot. It rested there quietly, refuse to fly away. Realizing it must have been lost its way back home, I managed call the Pigeon Association up for help. In the same time, my parents brought the pigeon inside and gave it some bird food, what helped refresh it. Before long, the owner got the message but came to take the pigeon back. He thanked us a lot. My parents and I both felt happy for what we had done. 【答案】1.excited→excitedly 2.the→a 3.foot→feet 4.refuse→refusing 5.去掉 been 6.call 前添加 to 7.In→At 8.what→which - 24 - 9.but→and 10.both→all 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一个星期天下午，一只鸽子迷路飞到了作者家的阳台上，作者 和父母帮助它找到主人的故事。 【详解】1.考查副词。修饰动词 watch 应用副词 excitedly，表示“激动地”。故 excited 改 为 excitedly。 2.考查冠词。句意：我的父母和我正在看电视，突然，我看到一只鸽子在阳台上。pigeon 为 可数名词，此处表示泛指，pigeon 是以辅音因素开头的，应用不定冠词 a，故 the 改为 a。 3.考查名词的数。foot 为可数名词，鸽子有两只脚应用复数形式。故 foot 改为 feet。 4.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知 refuse 在句子应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语 It 构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故 refuse 改为 refusing。 5.考查动词语态。句意：意识到它肯定是在回家的路上迷路了，我设法打电话给鸽子协会寻 求帮助。it 与 lost 为主动关系，用主动语态，故去掉 been。 6.考查固定短语。根据短语 manage to do sth.表示“设法做某事”。故 call 前添加 to。 7.考查介词。根据短语 at the same time 表示“与此同时”。故 In 改为 At。 8.考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 bird food，从句中缺少主语，指代物， that 不能引导非限制性定语从句，应用关系代词 which。故 what 改为 which。 9.考查连词。句意：没过多久，鸽子的主人收到了消息，就来把鸽子带了回去。结合上下文 可知此处为承接关系，应用连词 and。故 but 改为 and。 10.考查代词。句意：我的父母和我都为我们所做的感到高兴。both 表示“两者都”，此处“父 母和我”数量大于二应用代词 all。故 both 改为 all。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 得知你寒假在家每天进行网络课程学习，对此很感兴 趣。请给他写封邮件回复，内容包括： 1. 网络课程的内容； 2. 对网络课程的感受。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； - 25 - 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Peter, Knowing that you are interested in my taking online courses during my winter holiday, I'm writing to tell you something about it. During the winter holiday, my school offered us a wide range of online courses, including Chinese, maths, English and other courses we usually take at school. Every day, I attended lectures according to the time schedule. The best part was that I could replay them if I didn't understand! Meanwhile, there existed some disadvantages. For example, I couldn't communicate with my teachers face to face, and sometimes the Internet got stuck, which would influence my study. In short, I really appreciate the online courses, which enriched my life in the holiday. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇提纲类写作。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 得知你寒假在家每天 进行网络课程学习，对此很感兴趣。请给他写封邮件回复，内容包括：1. 网络课程的内容； 2. 对网络课程的感受。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：be interested in (感兴趣)；winter holiday (寒 假)；a wide range of (许多各种不同的)；attended lectures (听课)；according to (根 据)等。 - 26 - 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要 应用一般过去时和一般现在时。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表 达方式，如 Knowing that you are interested in my taking online courses during my winter holiday, I'm writing to tell you something about it.非谓语动词的运用；The best part was that I could replay them if I didn't understand!运用表语从句。全文中没有中国 式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换 自然，为文章增色添彩。 - 27 -