通用版2021高考英语一轮复习考点十七社会生活类练习含解析

通用版2021高考英语一轮复习考点十七社会生活类练习含解析

考点十七　社会生活类 A 限时7分钟 Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during rush hour. There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill (溅) on you. The smells of some passengers' food are very strong, too.‎ According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th, passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway. Violators (违规者) who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off. The violation will also be recorded in the violators' credit record.‎ Some support the rule. The reason is that the smell of food and drink can annoy other passengers. “The smell of food fills the carriage, causing people discomfort, especially in the hot summer. Besides, eating on the subway produces rubbish. And on the subway, people often spill their drinks，” said Zheng Yiou, 17, a student from Hefei.‎ However, others question this rule. “Some citizens live so far from their work places that they have limited time to have breakfast before they go to work. Eating while they travel saves them time and decreases the chance that they will be late for work，” He Songlin, a 17－year－old student from Chengdu said. “And some people, like those with low blood sugar levels, get sick if they can't eat when they must.”‎ Other Chinese cities like Nanjing and Chengdu have similar regulations. Some foreign cities also ban eating and drinking on the subway. For example, eating and drinking have long been banned on the subway in Washington, D. C. Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars.‎ Chen Yanyan, a professor from Beijing University of Technology, believed we should consider the need of some people to eat or drink on the subway. “Commuters (上班族) and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat. Maybe we could learn from Tokyo, where there are many subway stations equipped with services, allowing passengers to eat and drink，” she said. ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章就是否可以在地铁上吃喝东西展开了讨论。‎ - 16 -‎ ‎1．In which city were subway passenger regulations carried out on May 15th?‎ A．Chengdu. B．Nanjing.‎ C．Washington, D. C. D．Beijing.‎ 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th”可知，D项正确。‎ ‎2．What is the punishment for the passengers who break the rules in Singapore?‎ A．Eating on the subway.‎ B．Drinking on the subway.‎ C．Being fined heavily.‎ D．Being asked to get off the train.‎ 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第五段尾句“Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars.”可知，在新加坡，违规在地铁上吃喝将被罚款最高500新加坡元。故C项正确。‎ ‎3．What is Chen Yanyan's attitude to eating or drinking on the subway?‎ A．Worried. B．Sympathetic.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested.‎ 答案：B　推理判断题。根据尾段内容可知，陈教授认为，我们应当考虑一些人对在地铁上吃喝的需求。上班族和旅客太忙，没有时间吃饭，可以学习东京的做法，在地铁站配备相应的服务系统，允许乘客在地铁站吃喝。据此可推知，陈教授是赞同在地铁上吃喝的，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Food and Drink Banned on Subway B．The Adventure of Subway Traveling C．Ways to Eat and Drink on Subway D．The Services on Subway Stations 答案：A　标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文第二段第一句“According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations ... passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway.”为全文的主题句；并结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了《北京市轨道交通乘客守则》的规定，即除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝；并介绍了与此有类似规定的城市的情况及人们对此的态度，故A项最适合作本文标题。‎ B 限时8分钟 When was the last time you told someone they inspired you to go to work each morning?‎ - 16 -‎ Teachers at Oak Park High School in Kansas City, Missouri, did just that this September, when they pulled individual students out of class to tell them just how much they appreciated them.‎ The students' reactions, which were captured (捕捉) on video and shared on YouTube in a nowviral video, ranged from shy thanks to hugs and tears.‎ ‎“I have been challenged to find a student who makes me want to come to school every day，” said one teacher in the video, “and that's you.”‎ ‎“Jamie McSparin, a teacher in charge of the school's academy program for atrisk sophomores (二年级学生) and juniors, posed the challenge，” writes ABC News.‎ ‎“Initially when we pulled the kids out, they all thought they were in trouble，” McSparin told ABC News. “Any teacherstudent interaction always seems to be negative (消极的), and that was something that bothered me, too. No matter if they're a good kid or a troublemaker or anything, they always thought they were in trouble，” she said.‎ McSparin said she got the idea for the project after attending a professional development workshop this summer called the power of positivity.‎ ‎“I like the idea of letting students know they are appreciated, because we do appreciate them. I just don't think we say it enough，” she told local news outlet WDAFTV.‎ It's safe to say the challenge was effective.‎ ‎“I feel special，” said one of the boys in the video. “You should，” said his teacher. “You are special.”‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在美国密苏里州一所校园中所进行的活动——老师让学生们走出教室，告诉学生们，老师很欣赏他们。这一活动的效果是积极有效的。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “posed” in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A．Presented. B．Rejected.‎ C．Ignored. D．Evaluated.‎ 答案：A　词义猜测题。根据第五段所述内容以及第七段中的“she got the idea for the project”可推知，posed为“提出”之意。故选A。‎ ‎6．How did the students probably feel when pulled out of the classroom at first?‎ A．Nervous. B．Thrilled.‎ C．Curious. D．Encouraged.‎ 答案：A　推理判断题。根据文章第六段中的“Initially when we pulled the kids - 16 -‎ ‎ out, they all thought they were in trouble”可知，当被带出教室时，孩子们都认为他们有麻烦了。从而可以推断出，学生们都感到紧张。故选A。‎ ‎7．What inspired McSparin to challenge the project?‎ A．The trouble caused by students.‎ B．The need of shooting the video.‎ C．A seminar named the power of positivity.‎ D．A program related to students' interactions.‎ 答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第七段“McSparin said she got the idea for the project after attending a professional development workshop this summer called the power of positivity.”可知，McSparin是参加职业发展研讨会之后受到了启发。故选C。‎ ‎8．What message does this text mainly convey?‎ A．Challenge is unavoidable in life.‎ B．Everyone needs to be appreciated.‎ C．Positivity outweighs negativity.‎ D．News media contribute to students' progress.‎ 答案：B　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段中的“I like the idea of letting students know they are appreciated, because we do appreciate them. I just don't think we say it enough”及最后两段内容可以推断，每个人都需要被欣赏。故选B。‎ C 限时7分钟 Most cell phone companies design models especially for kids. But parents are usually the ones buying the phones. According to a July 2012 study, 56% of parents of children aged 8 to 12 have given their children a cell phone. According to a recent YouthBeat survey, 12 is the magic number. It is the most common age for kids to get their first cell phone. But 13% of children aged 6 to 10 already have one. The number goes up with age. ‎ Procell phone people, including many parents, notice that cell phones help kids keep in touch with their friends and families. They believe that cell phones are an important tool in a dangerous situation. Kids can stay connected with their parents at all times, whether it's to ask for a ride home from soccer practice or to receive a text message moments before a big game. Plus, some cell phones designed for kids can be controlled with settings that allow the phone to only be used in parentapproved ways. What's the harm in that?‎ But other people are worried about the health and safety effects of kids' cell - 16 -‎ ‎ phones. They believe that kids with cell phones will spend less time playing outside or hanging out with friends, and that sending text messages or making phone calls while doing homework is bad for concentration. They say that kids are spending too much time texting instead of talking to each other. “Our brains developed to communicate face to face，” says Gary Small, a professor of psychiatry at the UCLA School of Medicine in California. “A lot of this is lost with texting.”‎ And some experts are also concerned about possible health risks. They worry that radiation—or energy waves—produced by cell phones could be harmful to young people. To be safe, parents should not let them talk long on the phone. ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。现在大多数孩子都拥有手机，但手机作为现代科技的产物，也犹如一柄“双刃剑”。因此，针对孩子们持有手机的现象，家长和专家们都有着不同的观点。一些人持支持的态度，也有很多人担心手机会给孩子们带来负面影响，建议采取相应措施帮助孩子们趋利避害。‎ ‎9．The recent YouthBeat survey suggests that ________.‎ A．the number twelve can bring us good luck B．most kids are eager to have their own cell phones C．many kids have their first cell phone at the age of 12‎ D．more than half of the parents can afford to buy cell phones 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的倒数第三、四句可知，最近的这项调查表明许多孩子在12岁的时候开始拥有自己的第一部手机。‎ ‎10．Procell phone people probably refer to those who think that kids ________.‎ A．mustn't own cell phones B．should have cell phones C．had better make more friends D．may lose touch with others 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的第一句可知，他们认为手机可以让孩子们和朋友、家人保持联系。因此可以推知，Procell phone people是指支持孩子们拥有手机的人们。‎ ‎11．According to Gary Small, cell phones ________.‎ A．waste us a lot of money B．are of great benefit to many kids C．bring much pleasure to most of the kids D．reduce kids' facetoface communication 答案：‎ - 16 -‎ D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，他的观点表明使用手机会减少孩子们面对面的交流机会。‎ ‎12．The author's attitude toward the fact that kids have cell phones is ________.‎ A．supportive B．objective ‎ C．negative D．optimistic 答案：B　观点态度题。作者在第一段叙述小孩子拥有手机这种社会现象，第二段叙述了支持者的看法，第三段介绍了反对者的看法，最后一段提到专家的建议。由此可见，作者只是客观地叙述了人们的看法，并未表达自己的观点，故作者的态度是客观的。‎ D 限时10分钟 Dinner and a movie was a twopart affair. But increasingly, the two have been combined into a single experience, allowing moviegoers to get fries and a beer while they watch the latest superhero blockbuster. Fullservice theaters have become a Fridaynight pastime as Americans going to the movies.‎ Dinein cinemas are not altogether new. In the late 1980s, brothers Mike and Brian McMenamin opened one in Portland. A decade later, inspired by the Mcmenamins, Tim and Karrie league began pairing trendy beer with hits like The Craft at the Alamo Drafthouse in Austin. But in recent years, the trend has expanded from niche (小众) to mainstream. There are now 29 Alamo locations nationwide, from Omaha to El Paso.‎ Fullservice theaters appeal to a broader and more regionally diverse customer base. At Movie Tavern in Roswell, Ga. for instance, you can order popcorn shrimp while watching Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle. AMC, the biggest US movietheater company, launched DINEIN, where meals can be ordered with the push of a button.‎ For the most upscale experience, you'll have to fly to Paris, where EuropaCorp First Class, owned by the Fifth Element director Luc Besson, serves luxurious champagne and caviar (鱼子酱)．‎ The rise in fullservice movie going goes with declining ticket sales across the industry more broadly. North American movie attendance in 2018 dropped to what appears to be a 27year low. The downward tendency is the continuation of a 15year trend. Between lots of uninspired remakes hitting theaters, younger audiences choosing to consume content on their smart phones and the dramatic rise in the popularity of streaming (流媒体), it' s no wonder that theater owners are seeking creative ways to attract customers off their couches. It's working: despite a 2% decline in movie attendance over four years. AMC DINEIN achieved 4% growth in just two.‎ - 16 -‎ Fullservice theaters are not without complaints. Despite servers' attempts at stealth (悄悄的行动), many find them distracting when serving food. And as expensive as traditional theater concessions have become, prices tend to get dearer once pancetta (意大利熏肉) enters the mix.‎ But for those with the funds, the fullservice theater offers reason enough to quit online movies.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了观影和用餐整合之后产生的一种新的休闲方式。‎ ‎13．The combination of dinner and a movie ________.‎ A．is a new business model appearing recently B．pairs trendy drinks with films in 29 nations C．introduces the latest movies and the dearest food D．gains much popularity despite the overall ticket sales decline 答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，自二十世纪八十年代观影用餐的新休闲方式形成雏形，发展至今已慢慢流行开来。目前传统票房不景气的同时，观影用餐却很受欢迎。‎ ‎14．The underlined word “upscale” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.‎ A．expensive B．creative ‎ C．comfortable D．inspiring 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第四段得知，飞去巴黎到一流的影院，配上奢侈的香槟和鱼子酱，这种体验应该是很昂贵的。upscale “高档的，高端的”，故选A。‎ ‎15．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage?‎ A．Ticket sales remain almost the same in the past 15 years.‎ B．Uninspired remade films are the major complaint of audience.‎ C．Fullservice theaters are a creative way to promote ticket sales.‎ D．Fullservice theaters provide a perfect experience for all audiences.‎ 答案：C　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可推知，观影和用餐整合促进了票房收入。故选C。‎ ‎16．The passage is intended to ________.‎ A．argue if online movies are beneficial B．introduce a popular pattern of recreation C．call on people to quit expensive online movies D．blame the decreasing movie attendance on streaming 答案：B　主旨大意题。本文介绍了观影用餐合并的模式、发展史、特色、吸引客户的原因和弊处，是一种新的休闲娱乐方式。故选B。‎ - 16 -‎ A 限时8分钟 ‎(2018·北京高考)‎ My First Marathon (马拉松)‎ A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.‎ I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first PE class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”．‎ The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!‎ The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.‎ Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!‎ At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS！”‎ By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.‎ By mile 21, I was starving!‎ As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 am or questioned my expenses on running.‎ I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.‎ Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。参加马拉松比赛前的一个月，作者的脚踝受伤了，但他仍决定参加比赛。在比赛中尽管脚踝伤处疼痛难忍，但作者坚持跑完全程，获得了一枚奖章。作者通过自身的经历启迪人们：要做自己，并坚持不断前进，不要受限于世俗标签，就会取得成功。‎ - 16 -‎ ‎1．A month before the marathon, the author ________.‎ A．was well trained B．felt scared C．made up his mind to run D．lost hope 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，马拉松比赛前一个月，作者脚踝受伤但决心继续参加比赛。故选C。‎ ‎2．Why did the author mention the PE class in his 7th year?‎ A．To acknowledge the support of his teacher.‎ B．To amuse the readers with a funny story.‎ C．To show he was not talented in sports.‎ D．To share a precious memory.‎ 答案：C　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可推知，作者这么做是为了表明自己确实没有运动天赋。故选C。‎ ‎3．How was the author's first marathon?‎ A．He made it.‎ B．He quit halfway.‎ C．He got the first prize.‎ D．He walked to the end.‎ 答案：A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者坚持完成了马拉松比赛并获得了一枚奖章，即他成功了。故选A。‎ ‎4．What does the story mainly tell us?‎ A．A man owes his success to his family support.‎ B．A winner is one with a great effort of will.‎ C．Failure is the mother of success.‎ D．One is never too old to learn.‎ 答案：B　主旨大意题。作者通过叙述他坚持带伤跑完马拉松并在比赛中获得了奖章来启迪人们：不要受限于世俗标签，坚持下去的人一定会取得成功。故选B。‎ B 限时10分钟 ‎(2020·河南省南阳一中高三第三次月考)Have you ever heard a rumor spread around by students at your school? Rumors, like fake news, can often misinform individuals and lead them to believe false information.‎ In an attempt to settle this problem, the country of Singapore has passed a bill - 16 -‎ ‎ that bans companies and individuals from publishing false information online.‎ This law, known as The Protection From Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Bill, has caused a public outcry (强烈的抗议), as the government has been given the power to remove content that it considers inaccurate or against the public's interest.‎ Since Singapore's citizens are part of different racial and religious groups, the government fears that rumors or fake news can increase tensions within an already small country.‎ With the new law coming into effect, Singapore's government now has the authority to monitor news sites, social media platforms, and other databases of information to determine whether the content is falsified. The government can order for the removal of fake news, and publishers of this information can receive prison time and fines up to one million Singapore dollars!‎ Critics fear that the bill threatens their freedom of speech and freedom of expression. Since national issues and world news are generally discussed on online platforms, many are concerned that this new bill will prevent individuals from talking freely and having healthy conversations.‎ Several companies, including Google, Facebook, and Twitter, have offices situated in Singapore, meaning that the new law will affect their company operations. Social media companies in Singapore could face a decline in activity, as users may fear posting their opinions and being punished by the government.‎ Others are concerned that the law does not clearly state what a “false statement” is. Such an ambiguity might allow the government to misuse their power, even though the intention is to curtail the mow of false information and rumors throughout Singapore.‎ This law does give rise to several concerns related to freedom and privacy and it will be interesting to see what Singapore's government will do to deal with this problem.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了新加坡通过了一个旨在惩罚虚假新闻发布者的法案，一些人认为这会影响到他们的言论自由而强烈抗议。‎ ‎5．Why are some people against the bill?‎ A．They think the bill can't get rid of fake news.‎ B．They belong to different racial and religious groups.‎ C．They think their freedom of speech may be harmed.‎ D．They don't want to increase tensions in their country.‎ - 16 -‎ 答案：C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“... the government has been given the power to remove content that it considers inaccurate or against the public's interest”及第六段第一句“Critics fear that the bill threatens their freedom of speech and freedom of expression.”可知，一些人强烈地抗议新法案是因为新法案赋予了政府删除不准确或不符合公共利益的内容的权力。这些人认为这会影响到他们的言论自由。故C项正确。‎ ‎6．What does the government have the right to do under the new law?‎ A．Punish publishers of fake news.‎ B．Monitor telephone conversations.‎ C．Prohibit certain people from going online.‎ D．Fine fakenews makers any amount of money.‎ 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“The government can order for the removal of fake news, and publishers of this information can receive prison time and fines up to one million Singapore dollars！”可知，新法案生效后政府有权惩罚虚假新闻制造者。故A项正确。‎ ‎7．How will the new law affect social media companies in Singapore?‎ A．Their users' privacy may be disturbed.‎ B．Their income will increase very slowly.‎ C．Their illegal activities will come to light.‎ D．Their social media may become less active.‎ 答案：D　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二句“Social media companies in Singapore could face a decline in activity, as users may fear posting their opinions and being punished by the government.”可知，社交媒体的使用者因害怕发表言论受到惩罚而降低活跃度。故D项正确。‎ ‎8．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 8 probably mean?‎ A．Prove. B．Accelerate.‎ C．Promote. D．Decrease.‎ 答案：D　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“the government fears that rumors or fake news can increase tensions within an already small country”可知，新加坡政府通过这个法案的初衷就是为了避免虚假新闻在国内造成局势紧张。结合画线单词所在句子可知，政府的意思是为了抑制错误信息和流言蜚语在新加坡境内的传播。curtail “缩减；限制”。故D项正确。‎ C 限时8分钟 ‎(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by - 16 -‎ ‎ herself, quietly reading her ebook as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's “me” time. And like more Americans, she's not alone.‎ A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.‎ ‎“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know？” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself，” she said.‎ Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a firstname basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week，” he said. “It's a chance for selfreflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”‎ That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了现在的美国人多数喜欢独自一人吃饭，他们喜欢这种独处带来的自由。‎ ‎9．What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?‎ A．Food variety. B．Eating habits.‎ C．Table manners. D．Restaurant service.‎ 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的大部分人独自吃早饭或午饭，一起吃晚饭的数据可知，这是对美国人的饮食习惯进行了调查，故答案为B。‎ ‎10．Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?‎ A．To meet with her coworkers.‎ B．To catch up with her work.‎ - 16 -‎ C．To have some time on her own.‎ D．To collect data for her report.‎ 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Bechtel更喜欢出去吃午饭的原因是想拥有自己的时间，故答案为C。‎ ‎11．What do we know about Mazoleny?‎ A．He makes videos for the bar.‎ B．He's fond of the food at the bar.‎ C．He interviews customers at the bar.‎ D．He's familiar with the barkeeper.‎ 答案：D　推理判断题。根据题干中的Mazoleny可定位到第四段第一、二句，其中“be on a firstname basis”的意思是“关系好，可以直呼其名”，由此可知 Mazoleny与酒吧服务员很熟，故答案为D。‎ ‎12．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．The trend of having meals alone.‎ B．The importance of selfreflection.‎ C．The stress from working overtime.‎ D．The advantage of wireless technology.‎ 答案：A　主旨大意题。根据第一、三、四段的例子，第二段的数据以及最后一段第一句再次提及的“eat alone”可知，本文主要说了独自用餐已经逐渐成为一种趋势，故答案为A。‎ D 限时9分钟 ‎(2019·石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试)Many Canadians are aware that problems with the nation's health care system have resulted in a lack of hospital beds and medical equipment, overcrowded emergency rooms, long waiting lists, and not enough family doctors.‎ Over the last 10 years, the number of medical students choosing the family practice as their lifelong career has been dropping at a surprising rate. When asked why they lack interest in family medicine, the students cite (援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice. As in other kinds of work, young doctors today want a balance between their professional and personal lives.‎ In British Columbia (BC) this problem is made worse because the province produces fewer medical graduates for each person than any other province in Canada. The provincial government has committed itself to doubling the number of medical student - 16 -‎ ‎ graduates. This strategy doesn't come close to giving us the new doctors needed each year in BC to replace those who are retiring, moving out of the province, reducing their hours of practice, or dying.‎ The primary care system is showing its cracks. Ten years ago, 2,030 of BC's family doctors were providing obstetrical (产科的) care. Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service. Although delivering babies is a “good news” area of medicine, the hours are long, but the reward for bringing new life into the world is modest. It's no surprise, then, that many of BC's family doctors are no longer taking on new patients. In 1999, there were 1,420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599, a drop of 58%.‎ The foundation of primary care needs to be strengthened. The Working Agreement between the doctors and the government includes a series of primary care renewal projects designed to make the family practice more attractive to medical graduates, improve upon working conditions, and entice family doctors from outside BC to start their business here. Yet still more needs to be done.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题。‎ ‎13．What makes medical students unwilling to be family physicians?‎ A．The student debt and long working hours.‎ B．Long term of study at a medical school.‎ C．A limited number of places in the medical school.‎ D．An increasing number of patients and long waiting lists for specialists.‎ 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When asked why they lack interest in family medicine, the students cite (援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice.”可知，学生债务负担和工作时间长成为阻碍医科学生选择成为家庭医生的两大障碍，故选A。‎ ‎14．What does the text say about family doctors in BC?‎ A．They are no longer needed.‎ B．They are too few in number.‎ C．They will soon become abundant.‎ D．They are rapidly leaving the province.‎ 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“Ten years ago, 2,030 of BC's family doctors were providing obstetrical (产科的) care. Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service.”，并结合本段最后一句“In 1999, there were 1,420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599, a drop of - 16 -‎ ‎ 58%.”可知，在不列颠哥伦比亚(BC)，家庭医生的数量在急剧下降，缺口很大，故选B。‎ ‎15．Which can replace the underlined word “entice” in the last paragraph?‎ A．forbid B．hire C．remind D．attract 答案：D　词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句中的关键词“attractive”和“improve”可推知，画线词在此处的含义与D项“吸引”相近，故选D。‎ ‎16．What is the primary purpose of the text?‎ A．To show sympathy for family doctors.‎ B．To inspire young people to be family doctors.‎ C．To stress the urgent need of more family doctors.‎ D．To tell the disadvantages of being family doctors.‎ 答案：C　推理判断题。根据第一段的点题，并结合全文的内容可推知，本文主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题，故选C。‎ E 限时6分钟 ‎(2019·安徽省合肥市调研)What is small talk? It means that the conversation is about some little things, which are not important. You can make small talk when waiting in line in the supermarket, or while waiting for a bus. Though the topics in small talk are not important, small talk itself is very important. It makes other people feel relaxed; it breaks the silence; it shows friendliness and good manners, and it makes time pass pleasantly.‎ In small talk, it is important to remember to smile and keep the conversation relaxed. It's also good to show a sense of humor. You could talk about weather, an interesting story in the news or on television, a sports event, a play or a movie, or you could ask parents about their new baby.‎ What shouldn't you talk about? You should try not to talk about politics or religion (宗教), also, you should try not to talk too long on a subject or ask questions that are too personal. Give other people a chance to speak and listen to what they say. If you two have different opinions on a topic, change it.‎ - 16 -‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，文章告诉我们什么是闲聊，并就闲聊的话题和禁忌给出了一些建议。‎ ‎17．When can NOT a person make small talk?‎ A．When he or she is waiting in line in the supermarket.‎ B．When he or she is waiting for a bus.‎ C．When he or she is being interviewed for a job.‎ D．All of the above.‎ 答案：C　细节理解题。由第一段可知，A、B两项所述情况均可进行闲聊。根据闲聊的定义，参加工作面试是正式场合，不应进行闲聊。‎ ‎18．Small talk can lead to the following results EXCEPT that ________.‎ A．it breaks the silence B．it shows friendliness and good manners C．it makes time pass pleasantly D．it makes other people feel nervous 答案：D　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知A、B、C三项都是闲聊的作用，只有D项不是。‎ ‎19．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Small talk is very important.‎ B．Some tips on how to make small talk.‎ C．We should learn to make small talk.‎ D．The things we shouldn't do in small talk.‎ 答案：B　主旨大意题。本文先解释了什么是闲聊，然后又讲了哪些是应该做的，哪些是不应该做的。所以只有B项能体现文章的主旨大意。‎ - 16 -‎