2021届高三英语北师大版一轮总复习教师用书：代词

2021届高三英语北师大版一轮总复习教师用书：代词

www.ks5u.com Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019·北京卷)Nervously facing challenges，I know I will whisper to myself (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．‎ 解析：考查反身代词。whisper to oneself为固定短语，表示“低声对自己说”，故填myself。‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give it/running a try.‎ 解析：根据句意可知，此处表示“我们都应该尝试着跑跑步”，故填代词it，指代上文的running，此处也可直接填名词running。‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them (they) alive.‎ 解析：人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。空格前面是动词find，空格处应用宾格，故填them，指代上文的gorillas。‎ ‎4．(2018·浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.‎ 解析：此处应用it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to eat out为真正的主语。‎ ‎5．(2017·浙江卷)“She thought I had hurt myself (I)，” says Pahlsson.‎ 解析：句意：Pahlsson说：“她以为我伤到了自己。”根据前面的主语I可知，此处要用反身代词作宾语。‎ ‎6．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)On my recent visit，I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by its (it) mother.‎ 解析：‎ 句意：在最近的一次参观中，我抱着一对可爱的、三个月大的双胞胎大熊猫中的一只，这只大熊猫被它的妈妈遗弃了。此处应该使用形容词性物主代词its作定语。‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.yourselves→themselves 解析：句子主语为customers，所以作宾语的反身代词形式用第三人称复数的反身代词形式。‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The first time I went there，they were living in a small house with dogs，ducks，and another animals.another→other 解析：other用在名词前作定语，意为“其他的”。‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I had done myself homework，but I was shy.myself→my 解析：考查代词。此处表示我已经完成了我的作业。my是形容词性物主代词，作 homework的定语，myself不作定语。‎ ‎4．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.your→our 解析：根据前面的主语we可知，此处要用our，表示“我们能够开阔我们的视野”。‎ ‎5．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)At first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.yourself→myself 解析：根据语境可知，此处指“我自己做决定”，故应用myself。‎ ‎6．(2016·四川卷)When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.her→his 解析：由前面的“When he came back”可知，这束花是在“他的(his)”手里。‎ 类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 主格(作 主语)‎ I we you you he she it they 宾格(作 宾语)‎ me us you you him her it them 形容词 性物主 代词 ‎(作定语)‎ my our your your his her its their ‎(续表)‎ 类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 名词性物 主代词 ‎(作主语、‎ 表语或 宾语)‎ mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 反身代词 ‎(作宾语、‎ 表语、‎ 同位语)‎ myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselves ‎1.人称代词指代的数量前后要一致。‎ The students must be made to understand how important each subject is to them.(them指代the students)‎ 必须使学生明白每门功课对他们来说多么重要。‎ ‎2．句中没有谓语动词，人称代词要用宾格。‎ ‎—I'd like to go to climb the mountain this weekend.‎ ‎——这个周末我想去爬山。‎ ‎—Me, too.‎ ‎——我也想去。‎ ‎3．形容词性物主代词不与a, an, this, that, these, some, any, several,‎ ‎ no, each, such, another等词同时修饰一个名词，但在双重所有格中可同时修饰一个名词。‎ a friend of mine我的一个朋友 each sister of his他的每一个姐姐 ‎4．介词＋the＋身体部位，此处不能用形容词性物主代词代替the。‎ The policeman took the thief by the collar and sent him to the police station.‎ 警察抓住小偷的领子，把他扭送到警察局去了。‎ ‎5．含有反身代词的习惯英语 devote oneself to致力于　　dress oneself自己穿衣 enjoy oneself过得愉快 boast oneself自夸 help oneself to随便吃；随便用 hide oneself把自己藏起来 make yourself at home不拘束 say to oneself心里想 seat oneself坐下 teach oneself自学 come to oneself苏醒 behave oneself表现得体，有礼貌 apply oneself致力于…… by oneself独自地 of oneself自动地 ‎1．that指代与前面提到的相类似但不是同一个的事物，指代特指的可数名词单数或不可数名词，指代可数名词单数时，相当于the one；those指代特指的可数名词复数时，相当于the ones。‎ The climate of Guangzhou is much better than that of Xi'an.‎ 广州的气候比西安的好多了。‎ My questions are similar to those/the ones you raised.‎ 我的问题与你提出的问题相似。‎ ‎2．one用来代替前面出现的单数名词，表泛指概念，相当于a/an＋单数名词；ones用来代替前面出现的复数名词，也表泛指概念。特指时用the one, the ones。‎ Mr Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one that I have never seen.‎ 张先生给了我一件非常有价值的礼物——一件我从来没有见过的礼物。‎ The apples you bought this morning are the ones imported from Thailand. ‎ 你今天上午买的苹果是从泰国进口的。‎ ‎1．each, every each 指两个或两个以上的人或物中的每一个，强调个体，兼有代词和形容词的特征，可作主语、同位语、定语和宾语 every ‎(1)泛指三个或三个以上的人或物中的每一个，侧重整体，可与almost, nearly连用；‎ ‎(2)every是形容词，只能作定语；‎ ‎(3)every可与not连用，表示部分否定 Almost every student in our class passed the English exam yesterday.‎ 昨天几乎班上的每一个学生都通过了英语考试。‎ There are lots of trees on each side of the road.‎ 路两边有许多树。‎ Every student does not realize the importance of the chance.‎ 并非每个学生都意识到这个机会的重要性。‎ ‎2．none, no one, nobody, nothing none ‎(1)既可指人也可指物，多与表示范围的of短语连用；‎ ‎(2)与数量有关，可回答how many或how much类的问题，表示“一个也没有”‎ no one/nobody 不能与of短语连用，只能指人，表示“什么人也没有”，可回答who引导的疑问句 nothing 表示“什么也没有”，用来否定一切，可回答what引导的疑问句 ‎　None of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.‎ 他们中没有人知道那项计划，因为那还是个秘密。‎ ‎—How much money do you have?‎ ‎—None.‎ ‎——你有多少钱？‎ ‎——一点也没有。‎ ‎—Who is in the room?‎ ‎—No one/Nobody.‎ ‎——谁在屋里？‎ ‎——没有人。‎ ‎—What are you doing now?‎ ‎—Nothing.‎ ‎——你现在在做什么？‎ ‎——什么也没做。‎ ‎3．either, both, neither, all, none, any either 肯定 意义 表示两者中的一个，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数 both 肯定 意义 表示“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数 neither 否定 意义 表示“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数 all 肯定 意义 作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数应与all所指代的人或事物保持一致 none 否定 意义 作主语时，表示“所有的都不”时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数；表示“其中一个也不”或指代物质名词时，谓语动词用单数 any 肯定 意义 作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可，常与of短语连用 ‎　There are many trees on either side of the street.‎ 街道的两边都有许多树。‎ Both workers are demanding more pay.‎ 两名工人都要求涨工资。‎ Neither of the two cars is mine.‎ 这两辆车没有一辆是我的。‎ All horses are animals, but not all animals are horses.‎ 所有的马都是动物，但是并不是所有的动物都是马。‎ None of the books are/is interesting.‎ 这些书都没意思。‎ None of the rubbish has been removed.‎ 这些垃圾还没被运走。‎ He refused to answer any of the questions.‎ 他拒绝回答任何一个问题。‎ ‎[名师指津] all, both与not连用表示部分否定。‎ All that glitters is not gold.‎ 并不是所有发光的都是金子。‎ You cannot keep both the gifts to yourself; one of them is for your brother.‎ 你不能把两个礼物都留给自己，其中一个是你弟弟的。‎ ‎4．another，other, the other, others, the others ‎(1)another指“再一……”“另一……”，作代词或形容词，用于三者或三者以上。‎ I don't like this hat. Please show me another one.‎ 我不喜欢这顶帽子。请让我看看另外一顶。‎ ‎(2)other泛指“另外的”，只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用，但如果前面有the, this, that, some, any, each, every以及形容词性物主代词时，则可与单数名词连用。‎ Would you please make it some other day?‎ 另找一天行吗？‎ ‎(3)the other指“两者中的另一个”，常与one连用，构成one...the other...“一个……另一个……”，作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“(一定范围内)其余的”。‎ I have two books; one is English, and the other is French.‎ 我有两本书，一本是英语的，另一本是法语的。‎ The other students in my class are from this city.‎ 我班其余的同学都是这个城市的。‎ ‎(4)others是other的复数形式，泛指“别的人或物”(但不是全部)，不能作定语，可构成“some...others...”结构。‎ Some are Chinese and others are Americans.‎ 一些是中国人，另外一些是美国人。‎ ‎(5)the others是the other的复数形式，特指“(一定范围内)其余的人或物”。‎ There are many books on the table. Some are English; the others are French.‎ 桌子上有许多书。一些是英语的，其余的是法语的。‎ ‎5．用于习惯搭配中的不定代词 nothing but仅仅，只是 anything but绝不 something of有几分，略微 or something诸如此类的人或物 all but几乎，差不多 every other day每隔一天 each other(两者)互相 one another(三者或三者以上)互相 ‎1．指天气、时间、距离、环境等。‎ It often rains here in summer.(表示天气)‎ 这里夏天时常下雨。‎ It is twenty miles from here to the village.(表示距离)‎ 从这里到那个村庄有‎20英里路。‎ ‎2．代替前面提过的事物。‎ ‎—What's in the picture?‎ ‎—It is a cat.‎ ‎——图画里是什么？‎ ‎——是一只猫。‎ ‎3．当说话者不清楚或没必要知道说话对象的性别时，可用it来表示。‎ Is it a boy or a girl?‎ 是男婴还是女婴？‎ ‎4．用作形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句。常用于下列句型：‎ ‎(1)it作形式主语的常用句型：‎ ‎①It＋be＋adj./n.＋(for/of sb.)＋不定式 ‎②It is no good/no use/useless doing sth.‎ ‎③It's (well) worth doing...‎ ‎④It＋be＋名词词组(a pity/a fact/no wonder...)/adj.＋that从句 ‎⑤It＋特殊动词(seems/appears/turned out/occurred to sb./...)＋that从句 ‎⑥It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 ‎⑦It＋takes＋(sb.) some time/some money to do sth.‎ ‎(2)it作形式宾语的常用句型：‎ ‎①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋adj./n. (for/of sb.) to do/clause ‎②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋useless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste of time (money/energy...)＋doing...‎ ‎③主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋important/necessary/natural/essential＋that...(should)．..‎ It is the teachers' duty to teach the students.‎ 教学生是老师的职责。‎ It is a pity that you can't go with her.‎ 你不能同她一块去真遗憾。‎ I find it easy to get on with Jim.‎ 我发现同吉姆相处很容易。‎ I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.‎ 我已经讲得很清楚，任何人不准在这儿吸烟。‎ ‎5．用于like, enjoy, hate, love, appreciate等表示喜欢、憎恶等情感的动词以及depend on/upon, see to等短语动词后，再接when, if, that等引导的从句。‎ I'd appreciate it if you could attend our party.‎ 如果你能参加我们的聚会，我将不胜感激。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The snake then wound itself round the wires.‎ ‎2．Panizzi himself (he) designed the famous round Reading Room, with a beautiful high roof and forty kilometers of bookshelves.‎ ‎3．It is a must to get the hang of the theme if you want to fully appreciate the novel.‎ ‎4．We seniors seem to feel we can take care of ourselves at all times.‎ ‎5．I wish more and more of your students could go to their ideal colleges.‎ ‎6．He fully recovered from his illness and lived another 20 happy and healthy years.‎ ‎7．The lovely old lady looked at me and said, “Why don't you girls just stay the night at my house? I'll cook for you.”‎ ‎8．Like in many other countries, people try to make their fathers happy by presenting them with loads of gifts and allowing them a day of rest.‎ ‎9．In the following weeks, they robbed many other ships around the seas and filled the ship with a great variety of treasures.‎ ‎10．When the boat stopped at the opposite bank, the man undressed himself immediately and dove into the water for his sword from the very place where he had made the mark.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．In addition, every student can be in harmony with foreign friends, which makes it easy for you to get along with him.him→them ‎2．He smiled and said, “Thank you. You are generous. I'd like any orange juice, please.” any→some ‎3．I'm sorry to occupy your precious time, but I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people keeping too many pets nowadays.anything→something ‎4．First of all, as it is known to people, pets make so much noise that troubles residents a lot.去掉it ‎5．Now I would like to share your working experiences with you.your→my ‎6．Longdistance Teaching System is for the students who are not studying in our school. We can study on the Internet at home.We→They ‎7．There are many places of interest where you can learn something you can't learn it in school.去掉it ‎8．I used to go to the hill nearby with my grandpa every day with a little dog following them.them→us ‎9．I was also afraid that anyone might laugh at me.anyone→someone ‎10．He helped his classmates with his homework.his→their Ⅲ.用适当的代词完成下列短文 ‎“Without the ball, I'm half complete of __1__”，Luis Figo, one of the world's greatest football players once said.‎ The Portuguese played his first international match in 1991 at the age of 18 and has kept scoring ever since.‎ He reached a new mark on February 18 by playing __2__ one hundredth match for his national team in a friendly match against England. A crowd of more than 30,000 fans watched and cheered for __3__ in Lisbon. “Figo, Figo” __4__ (all，both) shouted excitedly when he walked into the field.‎ The Real Madrid player, 31, wants to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win __5__ (another, other)Spanish Cup with Real Madrid. Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona for 82.4 million dollars in 2000, and he showed __6__ (everyone, anyone) what a great player he was by winning ‎ FIFA's world footballer of the year award in 2001.‎ ‎“Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player”， said FIFA President Joseph Blatter in 2001. “Figo __7__ is a real leader who always tries his best on the field and a good team player. He doesn't have any problems working together with his teammate at Real Madrid, star footballer David Beckham.” In fact, Figo was the first one to welcome Beckham when he arrived. “We have a strong team, and we can help one __8__ and work together to be successful，” Figo said.‎ ‎1．myself　2.his　3.him　4.all ‎5．another　6.everyone　7.himself　8.another Ⅳ.语法填空 The Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge (HZMB) , the __1__ (eight) wonder for the 21st century, opened on the morning of October 24th, 2018. The bridge links three areas, making __2__ much more convenient to travel from one to another. Since opening, the threehour drive __3__ Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao __4__ ( shorten) to 30 minutes.‎ The project involved more than 400 new patents ，broke seven world records and featured __5__ (independent) developed key techniques and design. After an 8year struggle, the success of the HZMB achieves __6__ several generations have been dreaming of, and amazes the whole world with its demonstration of perfect skills and highlevel Chinese standards. The bridge is intended to be __7__ (rely) for more than 120 years. From the Belt and Road Initiative to “Created in China”， there is always a group of people __8__ (provide) strong technical support for each of the country's huge projects. From the beginning in December 2009 to the day of the official opening, all __9__ (walk) of life made great contributions to the design and construction of HZMB, contributing “__10__ (wise) of China”．‎ 本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥。从2009年12月开工到今天官方宣布通车，社会各界为港珠澳大桥的设计和建设做出了巨大贡献，贡献了“中国的智慧”。‎ ‎1．eighth　‎ 解析：考查序数词。句意：‎2018年10月24日上午，21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥正式通车。根据定冠词the可知此处用序数词，故答案为eighth。‎ ‎2．it　‎ 解析：考查it用法。句意：这座桥连接了三个地区，使得从一个地区到另一个地区更加方便。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。‎ ‎3．between　‎ 解析：考查固定结构。句意：自开通以来，香港、珠海和澳门之间的3小时车程已缩短至30分钟。“在两者之间”用between。‎ ‎4．has_been_shortened　‎ 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：自开通以来，香港、珠海和澳门之间的3小时车程已缩短至30分钟。根据时间状语since opening可知用现在完成时，句子主语the threehour drive是单数第三人称，和shorten之间是被动关系，因此用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为has been shortened。‎ ‎5．independently　‎ 解析：考查词性转换。句意：该项目涉及400多项新专利，打破7项世界纪录，具有自主研发的关键技术和设计特色。此处修饰动词developed，因此用副词形式，故答案为independently。‎ ‎6．what　‎ 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：经过8年的奋斗，港珠澳大桥的成功实现了几代人的梦想。此处动词achieves后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句的谓语动词dreaming of缺少宾语，因此所填连接词要有双重作用，故答案为what。‎ ‎7．reliable　‎ 解析：考查词性转换。句意：这座桥预计可使用120多年。此处be动词后面用形容词作表语，故答案为reliable。‎ ‎8．providing　‎ 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从“一带一路”到“中国创造”，国家的每一个大型项目都有一群人提供强有力的技术支持。此处people 和provide之间是一种主动关系，因此用现在分词短语作后置定语，故答案为providing。‎ ‎9．walks　‎ 解析：考查名词复数。句意：从2009年12月开工到今天官方宣布通车，社会各界为港珠澳大桥的设计和建设做出了巨大贡献，贡献了“中国的智慧”。all walks of life各行各业。‎ ‎10．wisdom　‎ 解析：考查词性转换。句意：从2009年12月开工到今天官方宣布通车，社会各界为港珠澳大桥的设计和建设做出了巨大贡献，贡献了“中国的智慧”。此处作contributing的宾语，故用名词形式。‎ Ⅴ.短文改错 Last year, Zhang Pingyu paid visit to London. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the site she wanted to see. It was the Tower which she visited first. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had been remained standing for one thousand years. Many new buildings had expanded around it. Therefore, it was still part of a royal palace and prison combined. There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked splendidly when first built. Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. Then just as he came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock Big Ben, ring out the hour.‎ The next day Pingyu was leaving London to Windsor‎ ‎Castle. “Perhaps I will see the Queen？” she wondered as she fall asleep.‎ 答案