【英语】2018届二轮复习交际用语考点学案

【英语】2018届二轮复习交际用语考点学案

交际用语考点 第一节 交际用语考点归纳之一：社会交往 社会交往 （Social Communications）‎ ‎1. 问候 （Greetings）‎ 初次见面可用Nice to meet you. / How do you do ? / Hello. / Hi.；比较熟的人用How are you? / How are you doing?‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: How are you? / How are you doing?‎ B: I'm OK. / Fine, thanks, and you? / Very well, thank you.‎ A: Nice to meet you.‎ B: Nice to meet you, too.‎ A: How do you do?‎ B: How do you do?‎ A: Please say hello to your parents. / Please give my love / best wishes to Lucy.‎ B: Sure. / All right.‎ ‎2. 介绍 （Introduction）‎ 英语介绍应遵循以下原则：①身份地位低的人首先介绍给身份地位高的人；②年轻的人首先介绍给年纪老的人；③女性先介绍，男性后介绍。‎ ‎【常见表达】A: This is Mr. / Mrs. / Miss / Ms Brown. / I'd like you to meet Bob. / May I introduce Professor Jeff Brown?‎ B. Hello! / How do you do? / Nice / Glad / Pleased to meet（see）you.‎ ‎3. 告别 （Farewells）‎ 在与客人道别时，由于各国的风俗习惯不同，有不少告别的话也有所不同。比如我们中国人常说“慢走”，在英语中绝不能直译为 Walk slowly. / Go slowly.等，要表示类似的意思，可用Take it easy! / Take your time! 等。‎ 中国人在送客人时，往往是送了一程又一程，告别的话说了一遍又一遍。 我们的这种习俗在英美人看来是不可思议的，他们送客人往往是送到门口即止。‎ ‎【常见表达】A: Good-bye. / Bye. / Bye-bye.‎ B: Good-bye. / Bye. / Bye-bye.‎ A: See you later / then / tomorrow / soon.‎ B: See you later / then / tomorrow / soon.‎ A: I am sorry I have to go now. / I am afraid I must be leaving now.‎ B: I won't keep you, then. Bye! / In that case I won't keep you. / Thanks for dropping in.‎ ‎4. 道歉（Apologies）‎ ‎【常见表达】A: Sorry. / Excuse me, please. / I beg your pardon. / I'm sorry for losing your book. / I'm sorry to interrupt you. / I'm sorry（that）I'm late.‎ B: That's OK. / It's all right. / Never mind. / It doesn't matter. / It's nothing. / Forget it.‎ ‎【考例】 — Sorry, Liz. I think I was a bit rude to you.‎ ‎— ____, but don't do that again!（2015天津卷）‎ A. Go ahead B. Forget it C. It depends D. With pleasure ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】本题考查功能意念项目中的道歉。forget it意思是“没关系，别在意”，是对道歉的答语。go ‎ ahead表示同意对方的请求，根据情况可译为“说吧，做吧，开始吧，进行吧”等；it depends意为“视情况而定”；with pleasure意为“愿意效劳”，是对别人请求的肯定回答。根据交际的语境可知应选择道歉的答语，故选B项。‎ ‎5. 邀请（Invitation）‎ ‎【常见表达】A: Would you like to go for a walk?‎ B: Yes, I'd love to. / I'd love to, but I'm afraid I have no time.‎ A: May I invite you to dinner?‎ B: Thank you. / It's very nice of you, but my mother is ill.‎ A: What / How about having a swim this afternoon?‎ B: That would be very nice. / I'm sorry I have some other appointment. What about another time?‎ ‎【考例】 — Why not stay here a little longer?‎ ‎— ____, but I really have to go.（2014重庆卷）‎ A. Never mind B. I'd love to C. Pleased to meet you D. I can't find any reason ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】 本题考查邀请的答语。Never mind意为“没关系”，用来回答对方的道歉；I'd love to意为“我很高兴做某事”，后面常常和but连用，表示委婉地拒绝；Pleased to meet you意为“遇见你很高兴”；I can't find any reason意为“我找不到任何理由”。句意为：——为什么不在这里多待一会儿？——我想多待一会儿，但是我真得走了。本句的关键词是but，表示的是委婉地拒绝对方。故B正确。‎ ‎6. 请求允许 （Asking for permission）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: May I come in?‎ B: Yes, please. / Sure. / Certainly.‎ A: Can / Could I use your telephone?‎ B: Go ahead, please.‎ A: I wonder if I could smoke here.‎ B: I'm afraid not./ You'd better not.‎ ‎【考例】 — Could I use this dictionary?‎ ‎— ____. It's a spare one.（2014江西卷）‎ A. Good idea B. Just go ahead C. You're welcome D. You'd better not ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】 句意为：——我可以用这本字典吗？——拿去吧！这个现在没有人用。A项“好主意”；B项“去做吧！（表示同意对方提出的做法）”；C项“不用谢”；D项“你最好不要这样做”。根据后面的It's a spare one. 判定对方允许使用这本字典，故选B项。‎ ‎7. 祝贺与祝愿 （Expressing wishes and congratulations）‎ ‎【常见表达】A: Well done and congratulations to you.‎ B: Thanks very much.‎ A: I hope you'll succeed in everything.‎ B: So do I.‎ A: Happy New Year!‎ B: Happy New Year! (The same to you.)‎ ‎【考例】 — I got that job I wanted at the public library.‎ ‎— ____! That's good news.（2014陕西卷）‎ A. Go ahead B. Cheers C. Congratulations D. Come on ‎【答案】 C ‎【解析】 考查祝贺的交际用语。A项意为“请吧！”；B项意为“干杯！”；C项意为“祝贺你！”；D项意为“加油！”根据That's good news.可知此处表示祝贺，故选C项。‎ ‎【考例】 — John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.‎ ‎— Oh, ____! （2009山东卷）‎ A. cheer up B. well done C. go ahead D. congratulations ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】 对别人结婚四十周年纪念应该表示“祝贺”。‎ ‎8. 提供帮助 （Offering help）‎ ‎【常见表达】A: Do you want me to clean the room?‎ B: Yes, please. / Yes, thanks. / No, thanks. / No, thank you. / That's very kind of you, but I can manage it myself.‎ ‎【考例】 — I can drive you home.‎ ‎— ____, but are you sure it's not too much trouble?（2015重庆卷）‎ A. That would be great B. Don't bother C. I'm afraid not D. Take care ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】 本题考查交际用语中的提供帮助。由but后的句意“你确定不会太麻烦？”可知说话人愿意接受帮助。That would be great意为“那真是太好了”，表示同意；Don't bother意为“不要麻烦了，不要费事了”，一般用于客气地拒绝别人的帮忙；I'm afraid not意为“恐怕不行”，表示委婉地拒绝；Take care意为“当心，小心”，表示提醒。根据交际的语境可知应选择接受帮助的答语，故选A项。‎ ‎9. 约会（Making appointments）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: Will you be free tomorrow?/ Do you have time this afternoon?‎ B: Yes, I'll be free then.‎ A: How about tomorrow morning?‎ B: All right. See you then.‎ A: When / Where shall we meet?‎ B: Let's make it 4: 30.‎ ‎10. 打电话（Making telephone calls）‎ 英语里打私人电话的模式一般为：①电话铃响。②接电话者自报电话号码。③打电话者要求与某人通话。这样能让对方明白有没有打错，常用以下用语：“This is ××× speaking.”，而不是“I am ×××.”；用“Is that ×××speaking?”，而不说“Are you ××× speaking?”。‎ ‎【常见表达】A: Hello! May I speak to Tom?‎ B: Hello! This is Tom speaking.‎ A: Hello! I'd like to speak to Mr. Green.‎ B: Hold the line, please. / Just a moment, please.‎ A: Is that Liu Ying speaking?‎ B: Sorry. She isn't here right now. / Can I take a message?‎ ‎【考例】 Tara: This is Tara from Patel from Cotton House in Kidderminster. Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please?‎ Mr. Smith: ____ （2005广东卷）‎ A. Hello. B. I'm Mr. Smith. C. Who are you? D. Speaking.‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】考查打电话的交际英语。接电话的人是本人时应回答This is ... speaking.或简略为Speaking。‎ ‎11. 就餐 （Having meals）‎ ‎【常见表达】A: Would you like something to eat / drink?‎ B: Yes, I'd like a drink.‎ A: What would you like（to have）?‎ B: I'd like rice and chicken.‎ A: Would you like some more fish?‎ B: Just a little, please. / No, thank you. I've had enough.‎ ‎【考例】 —Bill, can I get you anything to drink?‎ ‎— ____ .（2009江苏卷）‎ A. You are welcome B. No problem C. I wouldn't mind a coffee D. Doesn't matter ‎【答案】 C ‎【解析】 考查就餐时的交际英语。对话语境为：——我能为你点些喝的东西吗？——来杯咖啡吧。‎ ‎12. 问路（Asking the way）‎ ‎【常见表达】A: Excuse me. Where's the washroom?‎ B: It's over there. / It's about 400 metres from here.‎ A: Can you tell me how to get to the post office?‎ B: Go down this street until you see the tall red building. / Turn right / left at the first / second crossing / corner. You can't miss it.‎ A: Excuse me. Which is the way to the Bank of China?‎ B: You can take bus No. 103.‎ ‎13. 提醒注意（Reminding and warning）‎ ‎【常见表达】Don't forget your raincoat. Remember to lock the door.‎ Make sure that all the windows are closed.‎ Mind your head / step!‎ No smoking!‎ No spitting!‎ Wet floor!‎ Look out!‎ Be careful!‎ Don't touch!‎ It's dangerous!‎ ‎14. 劝告（Advice）‎ ‎【常见表达】 You'd better go to see the doctor.‎ You should listen to and read English everyday.‎ You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary.‎ If I were you, I'd phone him now.‎ Don't rush / hurry / push. Please stand in line.‎ ‎15. 建议（Suggestions）‎ ‎【常见表达】Let's go and have a look.‎ Should we go now?‎ What / How about a picnic this Sunday?‎ Why don't you buy a computer?‎ Why not go to a movie?‎ 巩固练习 一、单项选择 ‎1. — ____ .‎ ‎— It's nothing to worry about. I never liked it anyway.‎ A. I lost my walkman this morning B. I feel awful. I've got a cold C. I feel terrible, but I've left your tape somewhere D. I'm sorry, but we don't have that medicine ‎2. — How about a game of chess?‎ ‎— ____‎ A. I agree. B. Why not? C. I'd like to. D. That's right.‎ ‎3. — ____‎ ‎— Drop in if you have time.‎ ‎— Sure. Bye!‎ A. Well, I really must be going now. B. I wonder if you could let me go now.‎ C. Do you mind if I leave now? D. What a shame that I want to go now!‎ ‎4. — Hello, this is 8325788.‎ ‎— ____ ?‎ A. How are you B. Will you come tonight C. Can I take a message D. Is that Mike ‎5. — I wonder what the weather will be like tomorrow.‎ ‎— ____‎ A. I don't like the weather at this time of the year.‎ B. I don't mind if it is going to rain tomorrow.‎ C. Why read the newspaper yourself?‎ D. Let's listen to the weather report on the radio at ten.‎ ‎6. — Thank you ever so much for the present you brought me.‎ ‎— ____ .‎ A. No, thanks B. I'm glad you like it C. Please don't say so D. No, it's not so good ‎7. — ____ .‎ ‎— Thank you. I certainly will.‎ A. Happy birthday to you B. Let me help you with your English C. Please remember me to your grandparents D. Don't forget to post the letter ‎8. — ____ ?‎ ‎— No, thanks. I'm just looking around. I'll let you know if I want anything.‎ A. Have you made up your mind what you want B. What do you want C. Can I help you D. Do you like it ‎9. — Hello, may I have an appointment with the doctor?‎ ‎— ____‎ A. Sorry, he is busy at the moment. B. Why didn't you call earlier?‎ C. Certainly. May I know your name? D. Sorry, he doesn't want to see you.‎ ‎10. — ____‎ ‎— Oh, what a nice house!‎ ‎— I'm glad you like it. Let me show you around it first.‎ A. Let's drive to my house. B. Here we are.‎ C. Would you like to see my house? D. My house is behind the hill.‎ 二、根据汉语提示填入适当的交际用语 ‎1. — ____ （圣诞快乐）!‎ ‎— Thank you and the same to you.‎ ‎2. — ____ （你要买什么）?‎ ‎— I'd like to buy a bag.‎ ‎3. — I'm applying for University of Toronto.‎ ‎— ____ （祝你好运）.‎ ‎4. — ____ （对不起，我来晚了）.‎ ‎— It doesn't matter.‎ ‎5. — ____ （不知明天找你是否方便）.‎ ‎— Tomorrow afternoon would be more convenient, if it's all right with you.‎ ‎6. — ____ （我们去散步，你一块去好吗）?‎ ‎— That sounds a good idea.‎ ‎7. —Could I use your bike?‎ ‎— ____ （当然可以）.‎ ‎8. — Can I get Jack on the phone now?‎ ‎— ____ （请等一下，我去叫他）.‎ ‎9. — ____ （您准备点菜了吗）?‎ ‎— Let me look at the menu first.‎ ‎10. — ____ （你能告诉我去飞机场怎么走吗）?‎ ‎—Go down this street till you see a bridge. The airport is opposite the bridge.‎ 第二节 交际用语考点归纳之二： 态度情感 一、态度（Attitudes）‎ ‎1. 同意和不同意（Agreement and disagreement）‎ 同意和不同意是肯定和否定的另一种形式，但表达的不是某个事实的正确与否，而是对它的判断和意见。英语中表示同意时尽可采用热情而强烈的口气，都不会过分。但如果对一令人不愉快的意见表示同意时，可能加上一些表示遗憾之类的词语更为合适。表示不同意时，常常采用缓和的语气，委婉地表示反对。‎ ‎【常见表达】 同意：Sure. / Certainly. / Exactly. / That's correct. / Of course. / All right. / I agree. / No problem. / That's a good idea. / Yes, I think so.‎ 不同意：No way. / Of course not. / I don't agree. / I don't think so. / I'm afraid not.‎ ‎【考例】 — This apple pie is too sweet, don't you think so?‎ ‎— ____. I think it's just right, actually.（2014山东卷）‎ A. Not really B. I hope so C. Sounds good D. No wonder ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】 问句意为：这个苹果派太甜了，你不这么认为吗？注意答语横线后的提示：实际上，我认为正好。故选对问句观点持否定态度的回应语“Not really”，意思是“不完全是，不见得”。B项“我也希望如此”和C项“听起来很好”都是表示同意的答语。D项“不足为奇”不符合交流意向。‎ ‎【考例】 — You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don't.‎ ‎— ____ . Confidence is really important.（2012天津卷）‎ A. It's not my cup of tea. B. That's not the point ‎ C. I don't think so D. I couldn't agree more ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】 通过Confidence is really important.可知第二个说话人同意对方的观点。故D项I couldn't agree more“我非常同意”符合句意。A项“这不是我所喜欢的”；B项“那不是重点”；C项“我不这样认为”，均不符合句意。‎ ‎2. 喜欢和不喜欢（Likes and dislikes）‎ 在英语中，表达喜欢与不喜欢有很多方式，但它们的程度都不同。如果你喜欢某种东西或某个人，你就可以说：“I like...”或“I am fond of...”。如：I am fond of Chinese food.（我很喜欢中国食品。）；如果你既不喜欢也不讨厌某事或某物，可以说：“I don't mind...”。如：I don't mind walking to work.（我不介意步行上班。）；如果你不喜欢某种东西，可以说：“I don't like...”；如果你很不喜欢某种东西，可以说“I can't bear...”，“I can't stand...”，“I hate...”。如：She can't stand her boss.（她不喜欢她的老板。）‎ ‎【常见表达】 喜欢：‎ This book is very interesting.‎ I like / love the movie（very much）.‎ I like / love to play computer games.‎ I like taking photos.‎ I enjoy listening to music.‎ I'm interested in science.‎ He is fond of music.‎ 不喜欢：‎ This song is bad / awful.‎ I don't like the movie very much / at all.‎ I don't enjoy collecting stamps.‎ I hate to do homework.‎ ‎3. 肯定和不肯定（Certainty and uncertainty）‎ 对某件事情的真实性是否肯定，是否有把握，在英语中常用sure, certain, doubt等词或may, might, must等情态动词表达。may, might具有试探性，must表示一种逻辑推断的必然。此外，It's certain这类非人称句常用来代替I'm certain的表达法，以缓和口气。为了增强客气的口吻，表示不肯定时可以伴随一些表示遗憾或歉意的表达方式。‎ ‎【常见表达】 肯定：‎ I'm sure.‎ I'm sure of that.‎ I'm (quite) sure (that) she'll join us.‎ There is no doubt that it's made of silk.‎ It's clear that it will rain soon.‎ 不肯定：‎ I'm not so sure.‎ I'm not sure of that.‎ I'm not sure whether / if she can come.‎ Maybe you're right.‎ Perhaps she is at home now.‎ It's hard to say.‎ ‎4. 可能和不可能（Possibility and impossibility）‎ ‎【常见表达】 可能：‎ He can / may come today.‎ It may snow tonight.‎ It's possible to finish the homework before 6 o'clock.‎ It's likely to rain this afternoon.‎ It's likely that you will lose this game.‎ 不可能：‎ He may not come so early.‎ He can't be in the office now.‎ It's not likely to snow soon.‎ It's impossible to finish my homework within one hour.‎ ‎5. 偏爱和优先选择（Preference）‎ 英语中表达偏好和喜爱时常用prefer或would rather，有时也使用比较级形式来表达。‎ ‎【常见表达】‎ I prefer tea.‎ Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?‎ I prefer tea to coffee.‎ I'd prefer to go by train.‎ I like English better / the best.‎ My favourite subject is physics.‎ I'd rather drink coffee than tea.‎ Where would you rather go, London or Tokyo?‎ ‎6. 表扬和鼓励（Praise and encouragement）‎ 表扬和鼓励是日常英语中经常使用的表达形式，西方人使用表扬和鼓励的场合比中国人明显偏多，交际中应注意不要吝惜使用表扬和鼓励的话语。在西方，人们总会适时地给对方以表扬和鼓励。人们对于别人的赞扬一般会表示高兴，并且“Thank you!”不离口。‎ ‎【常见表达】 Very good! / Well done! / Wonderful! / Excellent! / You speak English very well. / Your dress is beautiful!‎ Come on! Keep trying! / You can do it! / Cheer up!‎ ‎【考例】 — Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.‎ ‎— ____ . （2009福建卷）‎ A. I practice every day B. Thank you very much C. No, I don't think so D. Well, it's not good enough ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】 根据西方人的交际习惯，对别人的鼓励和表扬应表示感谢。‎ ‎【考例】 — What a beautiful picture you've drawn!‎ ‎— ____ . （2006四川卷）‎ A. Not at all B. Thank you C. You are great D. I'm proud of you ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】 本题考查接受表扬的交际用语。对于别人的夸奖，要说声Thank you! 另外，接受别人表扬的答语还有I'm glad you like it.等。‎ ‎【考例】 — Do you think our basketballers played very well yesterday?‎ ‎— ____ .（2001上海卷）‎ A. They are not nervous at all B. They were still young C. They played naturally D. They couldn't have done better ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】 此处They couldn't have done better. 是一句赞扬的话，说明他们已经尽了最大努力，不会打的比这再好了，这是最好的。‎ ‎7. 责备和抱怨（Blame and complaint）‎ 在对方做错了事或者没有能够做好某事的时候，我们可能会去责备或者抱怨。值得注意的是，语气要委婉。当我们受到别人的责备或者抱怨时，我们也要表示歉意。‎ ‎【常见表达】‎ He's to blame.‎ She blamed him for coming home late.‎ What do you mean by doing so?‎ How could you cheat your teacher?‎ He shouldn't have done it.‎ Why didn't you tell me the truth?‎ I'm sorry to have said that, but this room is too dirty.‎ I hate to have to say this, but it's too noisy here.‎ Why don't you do something about it?‎ ‎【考例】 — Can you read the sign, sir? No smoking allowed in the lift!‎ ‎— ____ .（2007全国卷I）‎ A. Never mind B. Don't mention it C. Sure, I don't smoke D. Pardon me ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】 对别人的责备和抱怨应真诚地表示歉意。‎ 二、情感（Emotions）‎ ‎1. 高兴（Happiness）‎ 西方人属于情感外露型，高兴时手舞足蹈，喜形于色，赞扬声不绝于耳。‎ ‎【常见表达】‎ How wonderful / nice!‎ That's lovely / great / wonderful!‎ I'm so happy.‎ It's well done.‎ I'm pleased to know that.‎ ‎【考例】 — Guess what! I came across an old friend at the party last night.‎ ‎— ____ I'm sure you had a wonderful time.（2004辽宁卷）‎ A. Sounds good! B. Very well. C. How nice! D. All right.‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎【解析】 对于别人遇见老朋友感到高兴，故使用How nice!‎ ‎2. 惊奇（Surprise）‎ 英语中表达惊奇常采用反问和感叹的形式，表示对出乎意料的强烈反应。‎ ‎【常见表达】‎ Really?‎ Oh dear!‎ Is that so?‎ What a surprise!‎ How nice to see you!‎ How surprising!‎ I'm surprised.‎ It surprises me that your English is so beautiful.‎ Does that surprise you?‎ Is this what you expected?‎ ‎【考例】 — Michael was late for Mr. Smith's oral class this morning.‎ ‎— ____ ? As far as I know, he never came late to class.（2006江西卷）‎ A. How come B. So what C. Why not D. What for ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】 表示惊奇，How come意思是“怎么会呢？”。‎ ‎3. 忧虑（Worries）‎ 西方人虽然通常不愿打听别人的私事，但是也乐于助人，愿意为别人排忧解难。‎ ‎【常见表达】‎ What's wrong?‎ What's the matter?‎ Anything wrong?‎ What should we do?‎ Is something worrying you?‎ Are you worried about your health?‎ ‎4. 安慰（Reassurance）‎ 当别人失意、失败、担心、忧虑时，我们应该给以适当的安慰，使之振作、振奋。你可以说：Don't be afraid. Cheer up. / Come on. You can do it. / It's（quite）all right. / It'll be OK. / all right. 等。‎ ‎【考例】 — Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.‎ ‎— ____ ! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.（2012江苏卷）‎ A. What a relief B. Congratulations C. How surprising D. I'm so sorry ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】 句意为：——别担心，妈妈。医生说只是流感。——我可以松口气了。我要告诉你爸爸没有什么严重的。A项意为“可以松口气了”，符合语境。B项意为“祝贺”；C项意为“多么令人惊讶啊”；D项意为“我很抱歉”。根据句意，应选A项。‎ ‎【考例】 — I'm thinking of the test tomorrow. I'm afraid I can't pass this time.‎ ‎— ____ ! I'm sure you'll make it.（2006天津卷）‎ A. Go ahead B. Good luck C. No problem D. Cheer up ‎【解析】 D ‎【解析】 一方担心不能通过考试，另一方去安慰。答语意为：振作起来，我敢肯定你能通过。‎ ‎5. 遗憾（Regret）‎ ‎【常见表达】‎ I'm so sorry!‎ It's a great pity!‎ What a shame!‎ That's too bad!‎ I wish I had never given it up.‎ If I had been there, he would not have made such a serious mistake.‎ ‎【考例】 — Can you come to a party on Saturday, Peter?‎ ‎— Oh, ____ I'm already going out, I'm afraid.（2015安徽卷）‎ A. what a pity! B. don't ask! C. how come? D. so what?‎ ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】 句意为：——彼得，你周六能来参加聚会吗？——噢，真遗憾！（那时候）恐怕我已经出去了。What a pity! 意为“真遗憾！”Don't ask! 意为“别问了！”How come?意为“怎么会？”So what?意为“那又怎样？”根据交际的语境可知，这里指可能参加不了聚会，因此此处应表示“遗憾”，故选A项。‎ ‎ 巩固练习 一、单项选择 ‎1. — I think you look very nice in the red jacket.‎ ‎— ____ .‎ A. Oh, no, I don't look nice at all B. I'm glad you think so C. I don't like red color but my mom made me wear it D. You are very kind ‎2. — I'm afraid I can't finish the work by tomorrow.‎ ‎— ____‎ A. That's right. B. Does that surprise you? C. Don't worry. D. Really?‎ ‎3. — I wonder if I could use your mobile phone.‎ ‎— ____ .‎ A. I wonder how B. I don't wonder ‎ ‎ C. Sorry, it's out of order D. No wonder, here it is ‎4. — Would you rather come on Friday or Saturday?‎ ‎— ____‎ A. Yes, of course. B. The other is better. ‎ C. What's the matter? D. Either would suit me.‎ ‎5. — ____ .‎ ‎— It's nothing to worry about. I never liked it anyway.‎ A. I lost my walkman this morning B. I feel awful. I've got a cold C. I feel terrible, but I've left your tape somewhere D. I'm sorry, but we don't have that medicine ‎6. — Where is Tom this morning?‎ ‎— He's got a cold.‎ ‎— ____‎ A. Just tell him to take it easy. B. What's the matter with him?‎ C. He is absent. D. What? Where is he?‎ ‎7. — Your tie goes very well with your shirt.‎ ‎— ____‎ A. Oh, I got it on sale. B. I bought it at half price. C. Thank you. D. No, not so nice.‎ ‎8. — I'm afraid I can't finish the book this week.‎ ‎— ____ .‎ A. Please go ahead B. That's right C. Not at all D. Take your time ‎9. — You've given us a wonderful English dinner, Mrs. Smith.‎ ‎— ____ .‎ A. Oh, I'm afraid I didn't cook very well B. I'm glad you enjoyed it C. Come again when you are free D. It's not necessary for you to say so ‎10. — What kind of food would you like to have?‎ ‎— ____ but Japanese.‎ ‎— How about Korean, then?‎ A. Anything B. Something C. Everything D. Nothing 二、根据汉语提示填入适当的交际用语 ‎1. — ____ （那真是一顿丰盛的晚宴）. You must have spent all day cooking.‎ ‎— Thanks. But it really took only an hour.‎ ‎2. — I was really anxious about you. You shouldn't have left without a word.‎ ‎— ____ （非常抱歉）。‎ ‎3. — I'm dead tired. I can't walk any farther, Jenny.‎ ‎— ____ （加油）, Tommy. You can do it.‎ ‎4. — ____ （人们应该停止使用小汽车，开始使用公共交通工具）。‎ ‎— Exactly. The roads are too crowded as it is.‎ ‎5. — I can't find my watch.‎ ‎— ____ （可能在你的书包里）.‎ ‎6. — I like Backstreet Boys. What about you?‎ ‎— ____ （与后街男孩相比，我更喜欢F4）.‎ ‎7. — I have to get to the airport at 10:00, but it's 9:20 now.‎ ‎— ____ （别着急）! I can send you there by car.‎ ‎8. — I was so sure that our experiment was going to succeed, ____ （最后时刻出了点问题）.‎ ‎— I'm sorry to hear that, but don't give it up.‎ ‎9. — You look pale, Joan. What's wrong with you?‎ ‎— Why? ____ （我今天有点不舒服）.‎ ‎10. — I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.‎ ‎— ____ （没门）. It was her fault.‎ 第三节 交际用语考点归纳之三： 其他 一、时间（Time）‎ 西方人的时间观念很强。他们有严格的个人日程安排，把一天的时间分成一段一段的。如果你想拜访某人，或者请某人做什么事，最好的办法是与他们事先约定好，因为他们是不欢迎不速之客的。约会时你必须按照约定的时间到达，如果有急事发生，使得你不能按时赴约，你应该更改或取消约会。失约是非常不礼貌的。‎ 在他们的语言中，也能反映对时间的关注。比如美国人小的时候，家长就开始教导他们做事要on time（准时），in time（及时）；过得愉快时，他们会说have a good time；浪费时间被说成kill time；感到日子过得太快，他们用time flies（时光飞逝）来表示；即使在年老临终时，他们也会说是靠借来的时间活着的（live on borrowed time）。‎ ‎1. 时刻（Point of time）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: Excuse me. What's the time, please? / Excuse me. What time is it? / Have you got the time?‎ B: It's half past five / twenty to nine.‎ A: When did you come to China?‎ B: I came to China in 1998.‎ A: What time do you get up every day?‎ B: I get up at 6 o'clock.‎ ‎【考例】 — Excuse me, do you have the time?‎ ‎— ____.（2007福建卷）‎ A. Yes, I do B. Of course, I have C. A quarter to ten D. No problem ‎【答案】 C ‎【解析】 本题考查功能意念项目“时间（time）”的问法。“Do you have the time?”的意思是“你知道现在几点了吗？”，还可以说“What time do you have?”或“What time do you make it?”。有的考生可能误认为本题是问“你有没有时间？”，若问有没有时间应去掉the。‎ ‎2. 时段（Duration）‎ ‎【常见表达】A: How long have you been in this school?‎ B: I have been in this school for three years.‎ A: How long does it take you to get to school?‎ B: It takes me twenty minutes by bike.‎ A: When did you live in Beijing?‎ B: I lived in Beijing from 1996 to 1999.‎ A: How long have you been ill?‎ B: I have been ill since last Monday night.‎ ‎3. 频度（Frequency）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: How often do you go to movies?‎ B: I go to the movie once a week.‎ ‎4. 时序（Sequence）‎ ‎【常见表达】 The cat ran here and there, first on this side, then on that side.‎ What did you do next?‎ Finally we found our way out.‎ It rained even harder later on.‎ 二、空间（Space）‎ ‎1. 位置（Position）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: Where is the picture?‎ B: It's on / at / above / in / under / beside / near / behind the table.‎ ‎2. 方向（Direction）‎ 谁都有迷路的时候，谁都有找不到目的地而犯愁的时候。只要你会使用恰当的问路表达方式，“前途”肯定会是光明的。‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: Which is the way to the station?‎ B: Go down this street, and turn left / right at the first crossing.‎ A: Where is the train / bus going?‎ B: The train / bus is going to Xi'an. / The train / bus is going to the east / west / south / north.‎ A: Where are you going?‎ B: I'm going to the railway station. / I'm leaving for Shanghai.‎ ‎【考例】 — Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bank is, please?‎ ‎— ____ Oh yes! It's past the office, next to a big market. （2006全国卷I）‎ A. Mm, let me think. B. Oh, I beg your pardon? ‎ C. You're welcome. D. What do you mean?‎ ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】 本题考查问路的交际用语。此题题干中的信息词是Oh yes! 表明说话者有一个思考的过程。意思是“哦，让我想想。”‎ ‎3. 距离（Distance）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: How far is your school from here?‎ B: It's about 40 minutes by bike. / It's about 6 kilometres / miles away.‎ 三、特征（Features）‎ ‎1. 形状（Shape）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: What does it look like?‎ B: It looks like a camel.‎ A: What's the shape of the clouds?‎ B: It's round / long / tall / short. / It's a circle / square.‎ ‎2. 颜色（Colour）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: What colour is the bag?‎ B: It's green / red / blue / yellow / black / white / orange / purple / light brown / dark blue.‎ ‎3. 材料 （Material）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: What's the table made of?‎ B: It's made of wood.‎ A: What's the red wine made from?‎ B: It's made from grapes.‎ ‎4. 价格（Price）‎ ‎【常见表达】 A: How much is the dictionary? / How much is it?‎ B: The dictionary costs me 100 yuan.‎ ‎【考例】 — Excuse me. How much is the shirt?‎ ‎— ____ .（2012四川卷）‎ A. Extra Large B. 50 each C. It sells well D. Altogether there are 5‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】 第一个人问的是“这件衬衫多少钱”，A项意为“超大号”；B项意为“每件50”；C项意为“它很畅销”；D项意为“总共有5（件）”，根据语境，应该选择B项，其他三项均答非所问。‎ 四、计量（Measurement）‎ 英语中对长、宽、高以及数量的计量有其固有的问答方式。‎ ‎【常见表达】A: How long / wide is the bridge?‎ B: It's 430 metres / feet long /wide.‎ A: How much water do you drink every day?‎ B: I drink five glasses of water every day.‎ 五、比较（Comparison）‎ ‎1. 同级比较 （Equal comparison）‎ 表示同级比较用as...as，否定用not as / so ...as ‎【常见表达】 My ruler is as long as yours.‎ I can run as fast as you can.‎ This book is not as interesting as that one.‎ I can't run so fast as you can.‎ ‎【考例】 Ten years ago the population of our village was ____ that of theirs.（2008陕西卷）‎ A. as twice large as B. twice as large as C. twice as much as D. as twice much as ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】 考查同级比较。倍数应位于同级比较结构的前面，修饰population应使用large / small。‎ ‎2. 差别比较（Comparative and superlative）‎ ‎【常见表达】Lily is younger than Kate.‎ The red skirt is more expensive than the yellow one.‎ I run faster than Jim.‎ Mrs. Baker walks more slowly than Mr. Baker.‎ Jim is the tallest in his class.‎ Tom is the best of all.‎ ‎【考例】 You're driving too fast. Can you drive ____ ? (2008全国卷I)‎ A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more a bit ‎【答案】 C ‎【解析】考查差别比较。本题的语境是：你开车太快了，你能不能开慢点儿？比较级more修饰slowly应放在前面，a bit是比较级more的修饰语，应放在more的前面，故答案选C。‎ ‎3. 相似和差别（Similarity and difference）‎ ‎【常见表达】This picture is the same as that one on the wall.‎ Lucy is like her mother.‎ Tom looks like his father.‎ My picture is different from yours.‎ There are five differences between the two pictures.‎ 六、逻辑关系（Logical relations）‎ ‎1. 原因和结果 （Cause and effect）‎ ‎【常见表达】A: Why are you late for school?‎ B: Because I got up late this morning.‎ A: How could you miss the train / plane?‎ B: Because of the bad traffic, we missed the train. / Due to the heavy fog, the planes were delayed.‎ ‎2. 目的（Purpose）‎ ‎【常见表达】A. Why are you here today?‎ B: I came here to see you off.‎ A: Why did you do that?‎ B: I did that in order to protect the trees.‎ 七、职业 （Occupation）‎ ‎1. 工作（Job）‎ A: What do you do? What's your job?‎ B: I'm a teacher / doctor / worker / farmer / businessman / manager.‎ A: What are you going to be?‎ B: I'm going to be a scientist / computer engineer.‎ ‎2. 单位（Employer）‎ A: Where do you work?‎ B: I'm teaching English in a high-school.‎ A: What company are you working for?‎ B: I'm working for a computer company.‎ 巩固练习 一、单项选择 ‎1. — ____‎ ‎— It's only about ten minutes'walk.‎ A. Hello, can you tell me the way to the station? B. Turn left at the traffic lights.‎ C. Shall I take a bus? D. Is it far from here?‎ ‎2. — Time, please.‎ ‎— ____, my watch doesn't work.‎ A. No trouble B. No problem C. Sorry D. Sure ‎3. — ___?‎ ‎— About six yuan a kilo.‎ A. How old B. How much C. How often D. How many ‎4. ____, please, your room is on the third floor, sir.‎ A. Go there B. Come here C. Get up D. This way ‎5. — Do you know ____ he is?‎ ‎— It's said he is a doctor.‎ A. who B. which C. what D. whom ‎6. — Where ____ my watch? I can't find it anywhere.‎ ‎— I ____ it right here. But now it's gone.‎ A. did you put; have put B. have you put; was putting C. have you put; put D. were you putting; have put ‎7. — Americans eat ____ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.‎ ‎— Exactly.‎ A. more twice B. as twice as many C. twice as many D. more than twice as many ‎8. — Are you satisfied with the answer?‎ ‎— Not at all. It couldn't have been ____.‎ A. worse B. so bad C. better D. the worst ‎9. — Why was Marry so upset?‎ ‎— ____.‎ A. Because of losing her new bicycle B. Losing her new bicycle C. Lost her new bicycle D. To lose her new bicycle ‎10. At a rough estimate, Nigeria is ____ Great Britain.‎ A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 二、根据汉语提示填入适当的交际用语 ‎1. — Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the airport?‎ ‎— ____ （当然可以，你可乘3路公交车）.‎ ‎2. — Which half shall I take?‎ ‎— You can take either. ____ （他们完全一样）.‎ ‎3. — Who is Harry?‎ ‎— Haven't you met him yet? ____ （他的房子紧挨着你的房子）.‎ ‎4. — Now, ____ （我的钱包在哪儿）?‎ ‎— Come on! We'll be late for the picnic.‎ ‎5. — Of the two shirts, which one would you like to choose?‎ ‎— ____ （我想选那件不太贵的）.‎ ‎6. — ____ （中国地图像什么）?‎ ‎— It looks like a rooster（公鸡）.‎ ‎7. — ____ （你的鞋是多大码的）?‎ ‎— Size 5.‎ ‎8. — What color do you prefer your photo?‎ ‎— ____ （我喜欢黑白照片）.‎ ‎9. — What's Brandy made from?‎ ‎— ____ （它是由葡萄制成的）.‎ ‎10. — ____ （你多长时间给你父母写封信）?‎ ‎— Twice a month.‎ 第一节 交际用语考点归纳之一 一、1-5 CBADD　6-10 BCCCB 二、1. A merry Christmas to you ‎2. What can I do for you / What can I show you ‎3. Good luck ‎4. Excuse me for my coming late ‎5. I wonder if it would be convenient to meet you tomorrow /‎ I wonder if you could spare me some time tomorrow ‎6. We are going for a walk. How would you like to come along ‎7. Certainly / Of course ‎8. Hang on a moment please ‎9. Are you ready to order ‎10. Could you tell me how to get to the airport 第二节 交际用语考点归纳之二 一、1-5 BCCDC　6-10 ACDBA 二、1. That was a great dinner ‎2. I'm terribly sorry ‎3. Come on ‎4. People should stop using their cars and start using public transport ‎5. It may be in your schoolbag ‎6. I prefers F4 to Backstreet Boys ‎7. Don't worry ‎8. but something went wrong at the last moment ‎9. I'm not myself today ‎10. No way 第三节 交际用语考点归纳之三 一、1-5 DCBDC　6-10 CCAAD 二、1. Certainly, you can take No. 3 bus ‎2. They are exactly the same ‎3. His house is next to yours ‎4. where is my purse ‎5. I'd like to choose the less expensive one ‎6. What does the map of China look like ‎7. What size are your shoes ‎8. I like the photo in black and white ‎9. It's made from grapes ‎10. How often do you write to your parents