【英语】2020届二轮复习语法之形容词和副词学案

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法之形容词和副词学案

第3节　形容词和副词 Step1 典题感悟·高考名题这样考 考查角度1　形容词和副词原级 ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) They also shared with us many ____________(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were ____________(huge) popular with tourists.‎ ‎[解析]　第一个空考查形容词。空格修饰名词 stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填 traditional。第二个空考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词 popular，应用副词形式， huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。‎ ‎[答案]　traditional; hugely ‎2．(2019·天津卷)A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is ____________(proper) established.‎ ‎[解析]　考查副词。根据句意：在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前，需要定期的训练。properly“正确地”，用副词来修饰动词。 ‎ ‎[答案]　properly ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it's always ____________(energy)．‎ ‎[解析]　考查形容词。and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为“需要能量的，剧烈的” 。‎ ‎[答案]　energetic ‎4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ____________ (globe) fertilizer consumption.‎ ‎[解析]　考查形容词。此处应填globe的形容词形式作定语。‎ ‎[答案]　global 考查角度2　形容词和副词比较级 ‎5．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ____________ (long) than nonrunners.‎ ‎[解析]　考查副词比较级。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。‎ ‎[答案]　longer ‎6．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even ____________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.‎ ‎[解析]　考查形容词比较级。even常用来修饰形容词的比较级，故答案为worse。类似句式还有：what's worse“更糟糕的是”，worse still“更糟糕的是”。‎ ‎[答案]　worse 考查角度3　形容词和副词最高级 ‎7．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the ____________ (loud) of all.‎ ‎[解析]　考查副词最高级。根据语境和空后的of all的修饰可知，空处应用副词的最高级。‎ ‎[答案]　loudest Step2 知识储备·抓重破难补短板 一、形容词、副词原级的用法 ‎1．as＋adj./adv.原级＋as...表示“和……一样” ‎ ‎①(2019·太原市高三年级阶段性测评)The success of Sisyphe Bookstore in China may serve ____________ a great example.‎ ‎[答案]　as ‎2．not as/so＋adj./adv.原级＋as...表示“不如……”‎ ‎②(2019·福州高中毕业班适应性练习)The ancient characters are not as distant ____________ they are supposed to be, said the creator Chen Nan.‎ ‎[答案]　as 二、形容词、副词比较级的用法 ‎1．两者比较，用“比较级＋than” 表示 ‎③(2019·福州高三质量抽测)The information I have collected in the ‎ last few years leads me to believe that speed reading may be less ____________(use) than most people think.‎ ‎[答案]　useful ‎2．表示“两者之间较……的那个”用“the＋比较级＋n.＋of the two＋n.” ‎ ‎④(2019·重庆学业质量调研抽测)However, there are other places which are of __________(much) Chongqing style than Hongyadong.‎ ‎[答案]　more ‎3．表示“越……，就越……” 用“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”‎ ‎⑤(2019·沈阳高中三年级教学质量监测一) The louder the sound is, the ____________(little) time it takes to cause damage.‎ ‎[答案]　less ‎4．表示“越来越……” 用“比较级＋and＋比较级”‎ ‎⑥(2019·惠州高三第二次调研考试)A study by experts from the London School of Economics and Political Science found that people who tend to go to bed later have ____________(high) IQs.‎ ‎[答案]　higher 三、形容词、副词最高级的用法 ‎1．三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the＋最高级” 的结构表示。这种句式一般常跟有表示比较范围的介词短语连用。‎ ‎⑦(2019·长沙市高三年级统一模拟考试)Welcome to the Great Wall, the Great Wall is known as the long wall in the world. ____________‎ ‎[答案]　long→longest ‎2．否定词加比较级表示最高级的意思 ‎⑧(2019·运城月考)At that time I knew it had to be a significant day to them. Nothing could be ____________(good) if someone offered to help them.‎ ‎[答案]　better Step3 增分攻略·献计献策献妙招 分析“空格”定词性，是形是副先敲定。‎ 比较等级问一问，词性转换依章程。‎ ‎[操作技法1]　形容词、副词的转换 从成分上看，如果空格词位居代词、名词之前或系动词之后，很有可能是作定语或表语，那用形容词的可能性较大；从词性上看，看好用什么词来修饰什么词。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·考试大纲调研卷一)The far side of the moon has been seen and mapped ____________(previous) by astronauts of the Apollo missions.‎ ‎[解析]　考查副词。空处作状语修饰谓语部分，应该用所给词的副词形式。previously“先前，早先”。‎ ‎[答案]　previously ‎[操作技法2]　考虑是否该用比较级或最高级 高考对形容词和副词比较等级的考查主要体现在两个方面：一是通过标志词than，the more...，the more或表示比较意义的语境得出要用比较级或最高级；二是考查一些固定结构中比较级或最高级的用法。这就要求考生要准确理解语境，同时记忆常用比较级或最高级的固定形式，当然考生还要牢记比较级和最高级的正确拼写形式。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·江西三名校高三联考)Others choose to change their eating habits in order to become ____________(healthy)．‎ ‎[解析]　考查形容词的比较级。句意：为了变得更健康，其他一些人选择改变他们的饮食习惯。此处包含一个比较的概念，故用形容词比较级形式作become的表语。‎ ‎[答案]　healthier ‎1．形副区分看功能 ‎(1)作定语修饰名词，作表语或补足语时常用形容词；‎ ‎(2)修饰动词(短语)、形容词、副词、介词(短语)或整个句子需用副词。‎ ‎2．等级判定看标志 ‎(1)题目中有much , far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal，than 等标志性词汇；‎ ‎(2)表示比较范围的in/of短语、定语从句或含有比较级的固定句式，如 “the＋比较级……， the ＋比较级……”等结构；‎ ‎(3)三者、三者以上或有修饰最高级的词时用最高级。‎ step4 刷题训练·练稳练准练速度 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019·泉州高三模拟)And all of the available evidence was ____________(relative) weak and variable, which the researchers said was unsurprising because of all the different variables.‎ ‎[解析]　空后是weak and variable为形容词，故应用副词修饰，故填relatively。‎ ‎[答案]　relatively ‎2．(2019·滁州高三模拟)“I wanted to see for myself what happened，” said Terry.“I couldn't imagine what it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the ____________(power) effect the hurricane had on those people. I wanted to do something, to understand their feeling of helplessness.”‎ ‎[解析]　空后是名词effect，故用形容词来修饰，故填powerful。‎ ‎[答案]　powerful ‎3．(2019·合肥高三模拟)“Before I came to Egypt, the tourism agency told me ____________(repeat) to bring cooling balm as a gift to make the trip ____________(easy)，” said Mr. Ye, a 25－year－old whose family sells Chinese medicine online.‎ ‎[解析]　应用副词修饰told me; make＋n.＋adj.作宾语补足语，故应填repeatedly和easier。‎ ‎[答案]　repeatedly; easier ‎4．(2019·合肥高三模拟)Li Xiaodong, an Egyptologist at China's Northeast Normal University, believes Chinese travelers initially brought ‎ cooling balm for ____________(person) use because it's very hot in Egypt, then discovered Egyptians liked it.‎ ‎[解析]　空后use为名词，应用形容词修饰，故填personal。‎ ‎[答案]　personal ‎5．(2019·成都高三模拟)It is ____________(increasing) clear that China is innovating and no longer copying western ideas.‎ ‎[解析]　空后clear为形容词，应用副词修饰，故填increasingly。‎ ‎[答案]　increasingly ‎6．(2019·六安高三模拟)China has the ____________(large) mobile use in the world.‎ ‎[解析]　此处表示“最大的移动手机使用国”，故应用最高级，故填largest。‎ ‎[答案]　largest ‎7．(2019·西安高三模拟)The poor man was ____________(shock) to hear this and they finally took the issue to court to get the right judgment.‎ ‎[解析]　此处考查be shocked to do sth.“震惊去做……”，主语为The poor man，故用shocked。‎ ‎[答案]　shocked ‎8．(2019·闽侯高三模拟)Now it has become one of the ____________(big) international art festivals in Asia, providing a platform for artists at home and abroad to exchange ideas.‎ ‎[解析]　此处表示“最大的国际艺术节之一”，故用biggest。‎ ‎[答案]　biggest ‎9．(2018·济南模拟)Beijing has several fairs during the Chinese New Year. The fairs are held at ____________(vary) ancient temples, so they are called “temple fairs”．‎ ‎[解析]　ancient temples意为“古代的庙宇”，故应用形容词修饰，故填various。‎ ‎[答案]　various ‎10．(2018·厦门模拟)Chinese people are becoming ____________(rich) and more international.‎ ‎[解析]　此处考查比较级，and是并列连词连接两个并列成分，and后面international用比较级，故and前面也应使用比较级，故填richer。‎ ‎[答案]　richer ‎11．(2018·山东师大附中模拟)Unlike his father, he had better luck in business and showed more ____________(finance) sense.‎ ‎[解析]　使用形容词修饰名词sense。故填financial。‎ ‎[答案]　financial ‎12．(2019·公主岭市月考)Everyone was ____________(hurry) searching for their names, bumping into each other and pushing each other around.‎ ‎[解析]　该空修饰动词searching，故填副词hurriedly。‎ ‎[答案]　hurriedly ‎13．(2018·河北唐山一模)But on ____________(close) inspection, things are not quite what they seem: Gao's real name is Terry Crossman and he is from the United States.‎ ‎[解析]　根据句意可知，此处表示“经过更加仔细的检查”，应用比较级，故答案为closer。‎ ‎[答案]　closer ‎14．(2018·吉林长春二模)For most chefs, there's no ____________(big) honor than having your restaurant awarded a Michelin star, let alone three.‎ ‎[解析]　根据than可知用比较级，故答案为bigger。‎ ‎[答案]　bigger ‎15．(2018·广东茂名五校联考)We've only got a limited number of tickets, so the ____________(early) you email us, the more likely you are to get one.‎ ‎[解析]　‎ 句意为：我们仅仅得到了数量有限的票，所以你给我们发邮件越早，你越有可能得到一张。此处考查“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构。故填earlier。‎ ‎[答案]　earlier Ⅱ.语篇语法填空 ‎(2019·黑龙江大庆实验中学月考)Sometimes the targets we set 1.______________ (us) are just too high. We think that we will be better people in the future. Just as we are easily taken over by the planning fallacy(谬见), 2.______________(believe) that we can complete a large project for work in an afternoon, we think in the future we will be betterorganized and more selfdisciplined.‎ One of the most 3.______________ (fame) examples of the planning fallacy is that of the Oxford English Dictionary. In 1860 plans were in place to complete it within three years. In 1879 there was a new deal to publish it within a decade, 4.______________ after five years they only got so far 5.______________ the word “ant”. It was finally completed in 1928, by 6.______________ time it was considered out of date and revisions began at once.‎ The same thing happens when it comes to 7.____________(change) our lifestyles. We read about a new idea and that optimism fires up all over again. At the University of Toronto Janet Polivy has been studying what she calls “false hope syndrome”．‎ She found that people set themselves unrealistic targets which they undoubtedly failed to reach, leaving them feeling even 8.____________(bad) about themselves. Some of the students she studied 9.______________(try) and failed for 10 years to make the same change in their lives, but each year they 10.____________(convince) that this time it would work.‎ 语篇解读：本文为说明文。文章陈述了一种社会现象，有些人一直给自己设置了太高的人生目标，总希望自己未来能够变成更优秀的人，而结果是年年失望。文章以牛津英语字典的编篡为例来说明这一现象。有关科研人员对此进行了深入研究，指出这些人仍然没能摆脱这种怪圈，在欺骗着自己。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查反身代词。句意：我们为自己设定的目标过高。用反身代词表示我们自己，作动词set的宾语。根据最后一段中的set themselves unrealistic targets提示也可得出答案；故填ourselves。‎ ‎[答案]　ourselves ‎2．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。句意：正如我们很容易被错误的计划所取代，(我们)相信我们可以在下午完成一个大的工作项目，我们认为将来我们会有更好的组织和更自律。分析句子可知，本句的主语是we，与believe是主动关系，所以要用动词ing形式，故填believing。‎ ‎[答案]　believing ‎3．[解析]　考查形容词。the most多用来修饰多音节的形容词最高级，后面又有一个名词example，所以用形容词famous作定语来修饰example；故填famous。‎ ‎[答案]　famous ‎4．[解析]　考查连词。分析句子可知，规划错误中最著名的例子之一就是《牛津英语词典》。1860年计划在三年内完成。1879年计划十年内有一个新版本要出版，但五年后，他们只到了“蚂蚁”这个词。最终它在1928完成。分析句子可知前后是转折关系，故填but。‎ ‎[答案]　but ‎5．[解析]　考查固定搭配。本句中考查so far as...表示“到……为止，在范围内”，意思是说到五年后他们字典的编辑工作只进行到了单词ant部分；故填as。‎ ‎[答案]　as ‎6．[解析]　考查定语从句的关系词。句意：它终于在1928年完成，那时它被认为过时了，而且修订立即开始。分析句子可知，本句的先行词为1928，在从句中作by的宾语，by which time指截止到1928，which指代1928；故填which。‎ ‎[答案]　which ‎7．[解析]　考查固定用法。When it comes to doing sth.‎ 为固定搭配，意为“当谈到……，当说到……”，其中的to为介词，所以后面用动词ing形式，要用changing，故填changing。‎ ‎[答案]　changing ‎8．[解析]　考查形容词的比较级。这里表达“设置根本实现不了的不切实际的目标会使他们自我感觉更差”，后面的even多修饰比较级；故填worse。‎ ‎[答案]　worse ‎9．[解析]　考查谓语动词。分析句子Some of the students she studied 9.____________(try) and failed for 10 years to make the same change in their lives可知，本句的主语是Some of the students，而she studied是定语从句，所以空格处在句子中作谓语，根据后面的and failed for 10 years可知，可以用一般过去时tried，也可用过去完成时had tried，故填had tried/tried。‎ ‎[答案]　had tried/tried ‎10．[解析]　考查谓语动词的被动语态。句子：但他们每年都确信这一次会奏效。分析句子可知，本句的主语是they，convince是及物动词，在句中作谓语，sb. be convinced为固定搭配，意为“某人相信某事”，文中讲述过去的事，所以要用一般过去时，故填were convinced。‎ ‎[答案]　were convinced 专题强化训练(四)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 A ‎(2019·哈尔滨市第三中学第二次调研)Adversity(逆境) can beat you down,1.______________ probably it also has the ability to make you stronger. The impact and ultimate result depend on 2.______________ you do with the difficulties that come in your way.‎ Beethoven composed one of his 3.______________(great) works after going deaf. Sir Walter Raleigh wrote The History of the World ‎ during his thirteenyear imprisonment. Had Columbus turned back, no one could 4.______________(blame) him. Of course，no one would have remembered 5.____________， either. Abraham Lincoln made great achievements by his display of wisdom during the Civil War.‎ Eventually，consider a more recent example. For sixteen years, Mary GrodaLewis had a difficult time in recognizing and comprehending the written words on account of a learning disorder.She 6.______________(put) in prison on two different occasions and almost died of a stroke when 7.____________(bear)a child. Committed to going to college, she did a variety of odd jobs to save money. When she graduated from high school at eighteen, she was considered as an outstanding and finally entered college 8.____________(success)．Determined to become a doctor，she received many medical school 9.______________(reject) before Albany Medical College finally accepted her. In 1984，Dr.Mary GrodaLewis, 10.______________ was thirtyfive years old then, graduated with honors and realized her dream.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章作者通过列举许多名人的例子来说明，逆境可能会打倒你，但是也可能会让你变得更强壮，这取决于你如何面对困难。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查连词。句意：逆境可能会打倒你，但是也可能会让你变得更强壮。文中表示“但是……”，故填but/yet。‎ ‎[答案]　but/yet ‎2．[解析]　考查宾语从句。2.____________ you do with the difficulties that come in your way作动词短语depend on的宾语，引导词在从句中作do的宾语，表示“你如何面对困难”，故填what。‎ ‎[答案]　what ‎3．[解析]　考查最高级。句意：贝多芬在耳朵失聪以后，创作了他最伟大的作品之一。文中表示“最伟大的……”，用最高级，故填greatest。‎ ‎[答案]　greatest ‎4．[解析]　考查虚拟语气。句意：如果哥伦布返回来，没有人会责备他。与过去事实相反的假设，其句子结构为从句：If＋主语＋过去完成时＋其他；主句：主语＋should(would, could, might)＋现在完成时＋其他，故填have blamed。‎ ‎[答案]　have blamed ‎5．[解析]　考查代词。句意：当然，也没有人会记得他。该空指代上文的“哥伦布”，故填him。‎ ‎[答案]　him ‎6．[解析]　考查时态和语态。发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，“她”和“投入监狱”两者是被动关系，用被动语态，故填was put。‎ ‎[答案]　was put ‎7．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。bear的逻辑主语是She，它们之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作时间状语，故填bearing。‎ ‎[答案]　bearing ‎8．[解析]　考查副词。该空修饰动词entered，用副词，故填successfully。‎ ‎[答案]　successfully ‎9．[解析]　考查名词。句意：在奥尔巴尼医学院最终接受她之前，她被许多医学院拒绝。该空作received的宾语，用名词，且被many修饰，所以用可数名词的复数形式，故填rejections。‎ ‎[答案]　rejections ‎10．[解析]　考查非限制性定语从句。10.____________ was thirtyfive years old then是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Dr. Mary GrodaLewis，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。‎ ‎[答案]　who B ‎(2019·河南省中原名校第一次质量考评)Longjing tea, 1.______________ has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its color, taste and shape, 2.______________(name) after its ‎ production regionLongjing Village of West Lake. The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the 3.______________(grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that “Longjing tea is the 4.______________(good) among all of the teas in the world”. ‎ Thanks 5.______________ Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputation. The story went that Emperor Qianlong visited the mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at 6.______________ foot of the mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself while 7.____________(pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother's illness, so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and 8.____________(leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother 9.______________(immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the fragrance of the tea leaves from his sleeves and wanted to have a taste. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely 10.______________(refresh), and she even praised it as a cure for all illnesses. From then on, it was listed as the tribute tea.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍龙井茶的历史。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：龙井茶以其颜色、口味和形状位居中国十大最著名的茶叶之列，以其生产的西湖龙井村命名。此处Longjing tea是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填which。‎ ‎[答案]　which ‎2．[解析]　考查被动语态。句意：龙井茶以其颜色、口味和形状位居中国十大最著名的茶叶之列，以其生产的西湖龙井村命名。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，句子主语Longjing tea是单数第三人称，和name之间是被动关系，故填is named。‎ ‎[答案]　is named ‎3．[解析]　考查名词。句意：良好的环境和水资源对茶叶的生长起到了很大的作用，证实了“龙井茶是世界上最好的茶之一”‎ 的说法。根据the可知，此空用名词形式，故填growth。‎ ‎[答案]　growth ‎4．[解析]　考查最高级。句意：良好的环境和水资源对茶叶的生长起到了很大的作用，证实了“龙井茶是世界上最好的茶之一”的说法。根据the可知，此空用最高级，故填best。‎ ‎[答案]　best ‎5．[解析]　考查固定结构。句意：多亏了清朝乾隆皇帝的统治，茶叶赢得了很高的声誉。thanks to“多亏了……”，故填to。‎ ‎[答案]　to ‎6．[解析]　考查固定词组。at the foot of“在……脚下”，故填the。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎7．[解析]　考查现在分词。句意：在摘茶的时候，他收到了母亲生病的消息，所以他不小心把叶子放在他的右袖里，离开杭州去了北京。此处句子主语he和pick之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作时间状语，故填picking。‎ ‎[答案]　picking ‎8．[解析]　考查时态。句意：在摘茶的时候，他收到了母亲生病的消息，所以他不小心把叶子放在他的右袖里，离开杭州去了北京。此处是表示过去的并列谓语，故填left。‎ ‎[答案]　left ‎9．[解析]　考查副词。句意：他一到北京就去拜访了他的母亲，他的母亲从他的袖子里闻到了茶叶的香味，想要尝一尝。此处是副词修饰动词，故填immediately。‎ ‎[答案]　immediately ‎10．[解析]　考查过去分词。句意：喝了一杯茶后，她发现自己完全恢复了精神，她甚至称赞这是治愈一切疾病的良药。此处是find＋宾语＋过去分词，故填refreshed。‎ ‎[答案]　refreshed Ⅱ.短文改错 A ‎(2019·重庆市南开中学月考)‎ Hi Sandra，‎ You'll never guess over I'm writing this email from a cave! We're on holiday in Spain now. We spent a few days in Barcelona first. It's a great place but we had a good time though I didn't feel well one day. Anyway, after we left Barcelona, we come to spend several days in Granada. And guess what? We couldn't find a hotel because there were quite a lot of tourist. Then someone said, “Why not trying the cave dwellings(住宅) here？” We thought he was joking, but here we were really in a cave dwelling and it's wonderfully. Tomorrow we're going to visit a palace in Granada. We're enjoying it very much that we don't want to leave this amazed place. We're never going to have enough time explore everything!‎ Take care!‎ Ben ‎[答案]　‎ Hi Sandra，‎ You'll never guess I'm writing this email from a cave! We're on holiday in Spain now. We spent a few days in Barcelona first. It's a great place we had a good time though I didn't feel well one day. Anyway, after we left Barcelona, we to spend several days in Granada. And guess what? We couldn't find a hotel because there were quite a lot of . Then someone said, “Why not the cave dwellings(住宅) here？” We thought he was joking, but here we really in a cave dwelling and it's . Tomorrow we're going to visit ‎ a palace in Granada. We're enjoying it much that we don't want to leave this place. We're never going to have enough time explore everything!‎ Take care!‎ Ben B ‎(2019·河北省“五个一名校联盟”第一次诊断考试)In the past, very few foreigners visited the south foot of the Himalayas. Later, many Japanese went there because the honesty of a small boy.‎ One day, some Japanese photographers asked a locally boy to buy some bottles of beer, which took the boy three hours. The next day, the boy volunteered to help him and one of the photographers gave him lots of money. But the boy didn't return back on time. The third night, the boy knocked at the doors of the photographer, telling him that he bought four bottles of beer at one store, climbing a mountain and crossed a river to buy another six. On the way back, three bottles was broken. He cried and brought the broken pieces to the photographer but gave him the change.‎ The people there were moving. Then more travelers came to the place.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ In the past, very few foreigners visited the foot of the Himalayas. Later, many Japanese went there because the honesty of a small boy.‎ One day, some Japanese photographers asked a boy to buy some bottles of beer, which took the boy three hours. The next day, the boy volunteered to help and one of the photographers gave him lots ‎ of money. But the boy didn't return on time. The third night, the boy knocked at the of the photographer, telling him that he bought four bottles of beer at one store, a mountain and crossed a river to buy another six. On the way back, three bottles broken. He cried and brought the broken pieces to the photographer gave him the change.‎ The people there were . Then more travelers came to the place.‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·敦煌中学第二次诊断考试英语)‎ Fire Prevention Information The University of Adelaide employs a fulltime staff of fire prevention professionals(专业人员). They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置) systems fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.‎ Fire Alarms The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.‎ Fire Drills A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.‎ ‎ During a fire drill, please do the following：‎ ‎·Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.‎ ‎·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit, do not use a lift.‎ ‎·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.‎ Fire Extinguishers(灭火器)‎ Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.‎ Smoke Detector(烟雾报警器)‎ A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors (温感探测器) on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector：‎ ‎·If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking(闪动)，contact residence hall staff immediately.‎ ‎·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.‎ ‎·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从火警、消防训练、灭火器和烟雾报警器的使用等方面介绍了一些防火信息。‎ ‎1．What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?‎ A．To provide parttime jobs for students.‎ B．To lead the students to the nearest exits.‎ C．To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.‎ D．To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置) systems fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器)．”‎ 可知，专职消防人员的主要职责是检查、测试和维护所有的校园建筑物防火装备。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎2．What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?‎ A．Pipes and smoke detectors.‎ B．Smoke detectors and sprinklers.‎ C．Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.‎ D．Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章Fire Alarms中的句子“Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.”可知，火灾自动报警系统由热探测器、烟雾探测器和喷头组成。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎3．In a fire drill, the students should ________.‎ A．rush quickly to a lift B．gather at the nearest hall C．shut the door and leave at once D．wait for instructions in the hall ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章Fire Drills中的句子“Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.”和“Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit, do not use a lift.”可知，在消防演习中，学生锁好门并立即从最近的紧急出口离开。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎4．What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?‎ A．Using them wrongly results in punishment.‎ B．Irresponsible use of them can damage them.‎ C．Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.‎ D．Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章Fire Extinguishers中的句子“Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.”‎ 可知，误用灭火器会导致罚款。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A Ⅳ.七选五阅读填空 ‎(2019·河北省精英中学第二次调研)Whether you are at Disneyland or another Disney park, you will usually find a night time show that will be showing.‎ ‎1____ Read this article to find out how you can get a good seat for an evening event at any Disney park.‎ ‎●Plan on seeing the show in advance.‎ Usually, if you decide an hour beforehand that you're going to see a show, you will likely end up not getting a good seat, unless the park is not very busy. ____2____‎ ‎●Do your research.‎ Research online：“The best places to view...” ____3____ Some of them may even be less known, so you may not deal with such a big crowd.‎ ‎●Arrive to the event early.‎ ‎4____ Possibly even earlier if the park is more crowded on that day. If you arrive ten minutes before the event starts, you're a lot less likely to get a good spot.‎ ‎●____5____‎ If you must leave to do something, make sure that it's extremely quick, and try to have another member of your party stay in your spot while you are away.‎ A．Stay in the same area.‎ B．Enjoy the show with a friend.‎ C．It's usually much more enjoyable if you can get a good seat.‎ D．This is especially important if you arrive closer to the event time.‎ E．In order to get a good spot, plan on arriving an hour before the event.‎ F．Therefore, look at the schedule before your trip, or at least the day ‎ before.‎ G．You'll see a list of places in the park that are the best for viewing that event.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了在迪士尼乐园或迪士尼公园都有夜间表演，本文着重介绍了如何获得一个好位置来更好地享受表演。‎ ‎1．[解析]　前文中说在迪士尼夜间有表演，后一句提到如何获得一个好位子，所以中间肯定是说好位子可以给你带来好的享受，此外，还有一个非常重要的关键词：get a good seat，C项正好就有，和后文完全匹配起来，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎2．[解析]　根据此段的标题Plan on seeing the show in advance.可知，要提前计划好，而且本段第一句也说了提前一小时也不行，故F项“至少提前一天”就符合要求了，故选F。‎ ‎[答案]　F ‎3．[解析]　根据后一句“Some of them may even be less known”中的them可推知，them就是指代好的观赏点，带着这个意思到选项中找，不难发现G项中的a list of places，指的是好的观赏点的清单，正好和下一句匹配起来，故选G。‎ ‎[答案]　G ‎4．[解析]　根据本段的标题Arrive to the event early.可知，要提前到，带着这个意思到选项中找，不难发现E项中的plan on arriving an hour before the event“计划提前一小时到”符合此段意思，也和后一句Possibly even earlier意思匹配起来，故选E。‎ ‎[答案]　E ‎5．[解析]　根据本段的意思：如果你有事要离开一会儿，请务必尽快回来，并且要让一个跟你一起来的人在你离开时帮助你待在你的位置，所以本段的意思就是尽量待在原位置不要走，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A