【英语】山东省青岛市黄岛区2020届高三上学期期末考试学业水平检测试题（解析版）

【英语】山东省青岛市黄岛区2020届高三上学期期末考试学业水平检测试题（解析版）

山东省青岛市黄岛区2020届高三上学期 期末考试学业水平检测英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A The Young Scholars Program The University of Maryland’s Young Scholars Program is a perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to earn college credits, pursue academic interests or discover college life at the University of Maryland. The program is challenging and rewarding. Students have the opportunity to show that they can be successful in a university environment.‎ The Activities During three weeks of exploration, teens preview the university experience, study with students who share similar interests and communicate with the best teachers of the University of Maryland in a dynamic and challenging classroom environment. Students can have trips to nearby Washington, DC and enjoy movie nights and activities at the student union. Workshops and seminars featuring speakers in academic fields further enrich the learning experience.‎ The Courses The Young Scholars Program offers college courses that are at the cutting edge of theory, thought and technology. Classes generally meet every day from Monday to Friday. The program is a great introduction to the University of Maryland. Participants can benefit from the University of Maryland’s vast resources, including libraries, computers and instructional labs.‎ The Rewards Upon program completion, teens will go home with better preparations for the college experience-both academically and socially. In addition, students earn three college credits that post to the University of Maryland transcript (成绩单).‎ The Application The application process includes submission (提交) of the application, high school transcript and a letter of recommendation.‎ Ages: 14-18‎ Mailing address: The University of Maryland College Park For more information, call 3014057762.‎ ‎1. Which is NOT true about the program according to Paragraph 1?‎ A. It is intended for college students.‎ B. It can offer college credits for teens.‎ C. It’s worth participating.‎ D. It can let teens experience college life in advance.‎ ‎2. What can teens do during three weeks of the program?‎ A. They can learn from the best students of the University of Maryland B. They can join the student union of the University of Maryland.‎ C. They can attend a meeting for academic discussion.‎ D. They can attend classes every day.‎ ‎3. If you want to apply for the program, you need ______.‎ A. preview the university environment ahead of time B. take a part time job in the university’s library C. submit high school transcript D. call 3014057762 to contact the university first.‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为应用文。文章详细地介绍了青年学者项目计划。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据The Young Scholars Program中的“The University of Maryland’s Young Scholars Program is a perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to earn college credits, pursue academic interests or ....”可知，这个项目是为那些想要在马里兰大学获得学分，追求学术兴趣或...有学术天赋的青少年（而不是大学生）。可知A是错误的。故选A。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据The Activities下面一段中的“During three weeks of exploration,... communicate with the best teachers of the University of Maryland in a dynamic and challenging ‎ classroom environment.” 可知，在三个星期的探索中，青少年在充满活力和挑战的课堂环境中与马里兰大学最好的老师交流。“在充满活力和挑战的课堂环境中与马里兰大学最好的老师交流”就是激烈的讨论有关学术方面的内容。即是参加学术讨论。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据“The application process includes submission (提交) of the application, high school transcript and a letter of recommendation.”申请过程包括递交申请书、高中成绩单和推荐信。可知，如果要申请这个项目就要提交高中成绩单。故选C。‎ B At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could.‎ More than 60 years and almost 1,200 donations later, Harrison, whose blood contains an antibody (抗体) that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages (流产), retired as a blood donor on May 11. Harrison’s blood is valuable because he naturally produces Rh-negative blood, which contains Rh-positive antibodies. His blood has been used to create anti-D in Australia since 1967.‎ ‎“Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies. I cry just thinking about it.” Since then, Harrison has donated between 500 and 800 milliliters of blood almost every week. “I’d keep going if they let me,” Harrison told the Herald. His doctors said it was time to stop the donations. They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and they’re cutting him off now to protect his health.‎ Harrison’s retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia. Only 160 donors support the program, and finding new donors has proven to be difficult. But Harrison’s retirement from giving blood doesn’t mean he’s completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia.‎ ‎4. Why did James Harrison decide to donate blood as regularly as he could?‎ A. Because he wanted to be a celebrity.‎ B. Because he was saved by the blood donations when he was young.‎ C. Because his blood is valuable.‎ D. Because the Rh treatment program in Australia need him.‎ ‎5. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?‎ A. Robyn Barlow was sad because millions of babies suffer from blood disease.‎ B. Robyn Barlow was worried because Harrison may die of losing too much blood.‎ C. Robyn Barlow was moved by Harrison’s donations.‎ D. Robyn Barlow was frightened by Harrison’s crazy behavior.‎ ‎6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. Harrison’s retirement will not affect the Rh program.‎ B. After Harrison’s retirement, the Rh program will fail.‎ C. Harrison’s influence to the Rh program will still exist after his retirement.‎ D. A library has been built for the study of Harrison’s DNA .‎ ‎7. Which word can best describe Harrison?‎ A. Patient. B. Diligent.‎ C. Talented. D. Devoted.‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为记叙文。文章主要叙述Harrison因别人的献血挽救了自己的生命，因此决定18岁以后自己也参与献血。60年里他献血近1200次，他自然产生RH阴性血，其中含有RH阳性抗体，拯救了数百万婴儿。他的献血也促进了未来的澳大利亚抗D计划。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第一段“At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could.” 14岁时，詹姆斯·哈里森做了一次大的胸部手术，手术后他需要13个加仑的血液。有人献血挽救了他的生命，于是他决定一旦年满18岁，就开始尽可能地定期献血。由此可推出，詹姆斯·哈里森决定尽可能地定期献血是因为他小的时有人献血挽救了他。故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据划线部分的上句“Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in ‎ it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies...” 罗宾说“澳大利亚生产的每一瓶抗-D药物都含有詹姆斯的捐献，”Rh项目主管Robyn Barlow说，“这是一件了不起的事情。他救了数百万婴儿”。故划线句子“I cry just thinking about it”是说罗宾•巴洛为詹姆斯的献血而感动。分析选项可知C项（哈里森的捐款感动了罗宾·巴洛）符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and they’re cutting him off now to protect his health.”可知，的医生说应该让詹姆斯·哈里森停止献血了。他们已经延长了他献血的年龄限制，现在为了保护他的健康，他们正在切断他的血液供应。最后一段“Harrison’s retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia. Only 160 donors support the program, and finding new donors has proven to be difficult. But Harrison’s retirement from giving blood doesn’t mean he’s completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia.” 詹姆斯·哈里森退休对澳大利亚的Rh治疗计划是一个打击。只有160名捐赠者支持这项计划，找到新的献血者是很困难的。但詹姆斯•哈里森退出献血并不意味着他完全退出了比赛。科学家们正在收集和编目他的DNA，以建立一个抗体和白细胞库，这可能是澳大利亚抗D计划的未来。由此可推断出詹姆斯•哈里森退出这个项目，但却促进了科学家收集和编目他的DNA，将要建立一个抗D和白细胞库。由此可推断出哈里森退休后对Rh项目还有影响。分析选项可知C项（哈里森退休后对Rh项目的影响仍然存在）符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。本文主要叙述是Harrison因别人的献血挽救了自己的生命，因此决定18岁以后自己也参与献血。60年里他献血近1200次，他自然产生RH阴性血，其中含有RH阳性抗体，拯救了数百万婴儿。他的献血精神就是一种奉献精神，挽救了许多人，更感动了许多。文章中献血（即对他人的奉献精神）一词，贯穿全文。分析选项A. Patient.耐心的；B. Diligent. 勤奋的； C. Talented. 天才的；D. Devoted.奉献精神的。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词句题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词句是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第2‎ 小题词句猜测题。根据划线部分的上句“Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies...” 罗宾说“澳大利亚生产的每一瓶抗-D药物都含有詹姆斯的捐献，”Rh项目主管Robyn Barlow告诉悉尼先驱晨报说。“这是一件了不起的事情。他救了数百万婴儿”。故划线句子“I cry just thinking about it”是说罗宾•巴洛为詹姆斯的献血而感动。分析选项可知C项（哈里森的捐款感动了罗宾•巴洛）符合题意，故选C。‎ C Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats, or homelands, are disappearing.‎ Traditional migration paths take birds through countries that are not protecting the places for birds to stop, rest and feed. The scientists studied the migration or flight paths of almost 1,500 species. They decided that 91 percent of them passed through dangerous areas.‎ The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another. One of the scientists who worked on the study says “Many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation (开垦) because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion”.‎ The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed and rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey. Countries in North Africa, Central Asia and those along the coasts of East Asia are having the most difficult time in protecting land. The scientists say these countries do not have enough areas that are safe for birds. One species that doesn’t exist now is the Eskimo curlew. “Our world gets poorer every time we lose a species,” one of the scientists says.‎ The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with safe stopping areas for birds that pass through their boundaries. For example, one country might have preserved safe zones for migrating birds. But a neighbor country might not. A bird might die.‎ One scientist who is not connected with the report tells Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds.‎ He says small changes, like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could make a big difference.‎ ‎8. What mainly caused the disappearing of birds’ habitats ?‎ A. The decrease of awareness to protect birds. B. Natural disasters.‎ C. Overuse of land by human beings. D. The rising sea level.‎ ‎9. What may be the main reason for many birds’ death on the way of migration?‎ A. Exhaustion and hunger. B. Beast attack on the ground.‎ C. Hunting of humans. D. The long journey.‎ ‎10. According to the last two paragraphs, how should we protect the migrating birds?‎ A. By keeping fewer cats or dogs.‎ B. By restoring their destroyed habitats.‎ C. By helping change the birds’ migration paths.‎ D. By preserving the ecological environments on their migration paths.‎ ‎11 What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To tell us a huge percentage of bird species are in danger.‎ B. To analyze the reasons for disappearing of birds’ habitats.‎ C. To offer some solutions to the problem of birds’ habitats.‎ D. To call on people to protect the birds’ habitats.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为说明文。研究表明，候鸟迁徙的过程中，由于人类过度开发，城市化建设和工农业的发展，使得候鸟的沿途栖息地遭到了严重的破坏，候鸟因为没有栖息的地方而累死、饿死等，这直接导致大量鸟类物种的消失。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats, or homelands, are disappearing.”可知，科学家说，一大部分鸟类正处于危险之中，因为它们的栖息地或家园正在消失。以及第三段“Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another. One of the scientists who worked on the study says “Many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation (开垦) because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion”可知，建筑物和人行道覆盖了鸟类从一个地方迁徙到另一个地方时停下来觅食的地方。从事这项研究的一位科学家说，“‎ 由于城市、工业和农业用地的扩张，这些重要的地方中的许多已经被土地复垦所取代”。由此可知，鸟类的鸟类栖息地的消失是因为人类过度使用土地导致而成的。分析选项可知C项（Overuse of land by human beings）符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed and rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey.” 根据科学家的说法，问题是这些小鸟中的许多都是在迁徙途中死去的，因为它们没有一个安全的地方来进食和休息。可知，许多鸟类在迁徙途中死亡的主要原因是迁徙中因为筋疲力尽和饥饿。由此可知A项Exhaustion and hunger（筋疲力尽和饥饿）符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One scientist ...tells Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds.” 以及最后一段“like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could make a big difference.”文章最后两段说，虽然鸟儿的一些栖息地正在改变，但可以做更多的事让迁徙途经城市地区的鸟类安全。结合最后一段列举的两项举措，比如种植更多的本地植物或者把猫关在鸟类可能使用的区域之外，这可能会产生很大的影响。可推断出，最后两段我们要保护好迁徙的动物，就要保护好迁徙途中的生态环境。故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。作者写本文的目的就是号召大家一起保护鸟儿的栖息地。文章第一段“Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats, or homelands, are disappearing.”可知，鸟类正处于危险之中，因为它们的栖息地或家园正在消失。从第二段至第四段叙述了鸟儿的栖息地消失的原因及存在的安全隐患。最后三段就如何让鸟儿的栖息地安全提出了建议，各国需要共同努力，为通过其边界的鸟类提供安全的栖息区域。要从小事做起，并号召大家共同努力一起保护鸟儿的栖息地。可知D项（呼吁人们保护鸟类的栖息地）符合题意，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。如第3小题 属于推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One scientist ...tells Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds.” 以及最后一段“like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could ‎ make a big difference.”文章最后两段说，虽然鸟儿的一些栖息地正在改变，但可以做更多的事让迁徙途经城市地区的鸟类安全。结合最后一段列举的两项举措，比如种植更多的本地植物或者把猫关在鸟类可能使用的区域之外，这可能会产生很大的影响。可推断出，最后两段我们要保护好迁徙的动物，就要保护好迁徙途中的生态环境。故选D。 ‎ 推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。‎ D The biggest challenge faced by travelers especially those who like to have a hiking trip is how to ensure a steady supply of clean clothes. Now, thanks to a great invention called Scrubba Wash Pack, that worry may be a thing of the past.‎ The portable washing machine was invented by Ash Newland in 2010, while planning to climb Mt. Kilimanjaro. Struck by the limited packing space, he got inspiration from traditional washboards to create a bag that could be used to clean clothes. Then he gave up his career as a lawyer and focused on perfecting the bag’s design. By 2012, the bag was ready for the public. It weighed only 180 grams and required very little storage space, making it perfect for anyone wishing to travel light.‎ Not surprisingly, the bag worth 55 dollars was an instant hit with travelers, university students and even passengers. However, Newland was not satisfied. He still saw a disadvantage with his invention—dirty clothes had to be carried around in a separate bag! The recently introduced Scrubba Wash Pack solves that problem.‎ In order to make the pack active, dirty clothes are placed inside the bag along with two to three liters of water. The bag is then shut tightly to ensure all air is squeezed out and the clothes are massaged (揉搓) for a few minutes. After a quick wash, they are clean and ready to be dried. According to Newland, the pack can clean anything from jeans to smelly socks! What’s even more amazing is that with a capacity to hold 13 liters of water, it can be used to wash more clothes at a time.‎ The best part is that the 99-dollar pack that will be available for sale later this year, only weighs ‎ 300 grams and is completely foldable, making it easy to store when it’s not in use. With the Scrubba Wash Pack, wandering through foreign cities searching for a washing shop, or paying for washing machines may soon be a thing of the past!‎ ‎12. What aroused Ash Newland’s desire to create the Scrubba Wash Bag?‎ A. Travelers’ requirements. B. His own experience.‎ C. His dream of invention. D. A traditional washboard.‎ ‎13. Why wasn’t Ash Newland satisfied with his former invention?‎ A. The bag was not convenient enough.‎ B. The bag was not popular with travelers.‎ C. The bag couldn’t wash more clothes at a time.‎ D. The bag couldn’t be folded up.‎ ‎14. Which word can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 4?‎ A. Blown. B. Pushed C. Figured. D. Run.‎ ‎15. It can be inferred that the improved Wash Pack ______.‎ A. will lighten the burden on housewives B. will replace the traditional washing machines C. will be widely used by more travelers in the future D. can encourage more people to travel a long distance ‎【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。本文讲述了Scrubba Wash Pack的来源以及功能。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段“The portable(手提的) washing machine was invented by Ash Newland in 2010, while planning to climb Mt. Kilimanjaro. Struck by the limited packing space, he got inspiration(灵感) from traditional washboards to create a bag that could be used to clean clothes.”可知：计划攀登乞力马扎罗山时，在2010年Ash Newland发明了便携式洗衣机，由于苦恼于有限的背包空间，他从传统的搓衣板中获得了灵感并创建一个用来洗衣服的包。由此可知，Ash Newland 因为自己的个人经历而发明了这款背包。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, Newland was not satisfied. He still saw a flaw(缺点) with his invention – dirty clothes had to be carried around in a separate bag!”可知，Newland之所以不满意，是因为他发现这个发明有一个缺点——脏衣服必须用单独的袋子装着，不方便。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线词前后的“In order to make the pack active, dirty clothes are placed inside the bag along with two to three liters of water. The bag is then shut tightly... ”to ensure all air is squeezed out and the clothes are massaged (揉搓) for a few minutes....” 为了使背包发挥更好的作用，把脏衣服和2到‎3升水一起放在袋子里。然后把袋子紧紧地关闭...”。以及划线词“squeeze”后的宾语air可知，“把袋子关闭好”就是确保空气“挤出”，才能洗衣服。squeeze即（挤出）空气。分析选项A.Blown吹，刮；B. Pushed挤开，推挤； C. Figured计算；D. Run 跑，操作。可知，B项（push）符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段“With the Scrubba Wash Pack, wandering through foreign cities searching for a washing shop, or paying for washing machines may soon be a thing of the past! ”可知，有了Scrubba Wash Pack,在国外漫游时寻找洗衣店或为花钱买洗衣机洗衣付费很快就会成为过去。由此可知，在将来Scrubba Wash Pack将会被更多的旅游广泛使用。故选C。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Some high school students think it useless to receive higher education. ____16____ If you’re one of them, think again. Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.‎ ‎___17___ We take that knowledge later on to build our careers after graduation. More knowledge will be gained after you start working but without education, that job will not be within easy reach. Knowledge leads to knowledge.‎ While limited within the walls of the educational places, we openly explore other cultures of the world! ____18____ Other cultures have valuable things to share, enriching our own. Education also makes us want to travel and exchange with various cultures, getting more experience.‎ When there’s a recession (衰退) in the economy, those who attended college will be more ‎ likely to find a new job than those who only finished high school and have a limited skill set. The more education you have, the more chances you will get to improve the quality of your life as you have a better job and earn a higher salary.‎ When you’re skillful and knowledgeable, you gain access to people of similar backgrounds and tastes. ___19___ Good networking can benefit you a lot in your later life.‎ ‎___20___ You can talk about ideas and events instead of just other people and what’s on sale in stores. An educated person doesn’t gossip (说闲话), having a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.‎ A. Therefore, they choose not to go to college.‎ B. We come to know that ours is not the only culture.‎ C. There is a negative side to earning a good education too.‎ D. A good education makes you a more interesting person.‎ E. It means a good education leads to excellent networking.‎ F. Schools and universities are the first places to get knowledge.‎ G. It has long been understood that an education can lead to long-term financial success.‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为议论文。一些高中生认为高等教育是没用的，因此他们选择不上大学。作者认为应该上大学接受良好教育并说明上大学的理由以及大学教育一路平安的好处。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空格的上句“Some high school students think it useless to receive higher education.......”一些高中生认为接受高等教育是无用的...结合下句“If you’re one of them, think again. Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there”如果你是他们（选择不上大学的）中的一员，要三思。下面是一些你应该上大学并在那里接受良好教育的原因。 可知，这是说如果有人认为上大学没用，那么可能选择不上大学。分析选项可知A项（他们选择不上大学）符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下文“We take that knowledge later on to build our careers after graduation. More knowledge will be gained after you start working,.” ‎ 我们在毕业后利用这些知识来建立我们的事业。你开始工作后会学到更多的知识，可知，本段叙述学校中获取知识对工作的影响。由此可推断出空格处是与从学校教育中获取知识有关。分析选项可知，F项（Schools and universities are the first places to get knowledge.）学校和大学是获取知识的第一个地方，F项不仅意义与本段一致，而且有词“knowledge”的复现，符合题意，故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空格后的“Other cultures have valuable things to share, enriching our own.”其他文化也有宝贵的东西可以分享，来丰富我们自己。可知，我们可以知道，我们的文化并不是唯一的，还有其他的文化丰富我们的知识，B项We come to know that ours is not the only culture.（我们开始知道，我们的文化不是唯一的）符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前“Then you’re skillful and knowledgeable, you gain access to people of similar backgrounds and tastes.” 当你技术娴熟、知识渊博时，你就能接触到有着相同背景和品味的人。由此可推断出因为接触到更多有相同背景和相同品味的人，自然会让你有更多更好的人际关系。分析选项可知，E项It means a good education leads to excellent networking.（这意味着良好的教育会带来良好的人际关系网）符合题意，故选E。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空格处是本段的总结。根据空格后“You can talk about ideas and events instead of just other people and what’s on sale in stores. An educated person doesn’t gossip (说闲话), having a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.” 你可以谈论一些想法和事件，而不仅仅是谈论其他人和商店里的特价商品。一个受过教育的人不会说闲话，他喜欢讨论想法，倾听别人的意见。由空后的内容可推断出，本段是说良好的教育会让你谈吐恰当，成为有能力的人，有吸引力的人。分析选项可知D项. A good education makes you a more interesting person.（良好的教育使你成为一个更有吸引力的人）与本段意义一致，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五题型考察学生把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系和把握微观信息间关联性这种题一般可从以下方面来做：‎ ‎ （1‎ ‎）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。‎ ‎（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第1 题，空格的上句“Some high school students think it useless to receive higher education.......”一些高中生认为接受高等教育是无用的...结合下句“If you’re one of them, think again. Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there”如果你是他们（选择不上大学的）中的一员，要三思。下面是一些你应该上大学并在那里接受良好教育的原因。 可知，这是说如果有人认为上大学没用，那么可能选择不上大学。分析选项可知A项（他们选择不上大学）符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语，实现关键词的对接，尤其是词（或短语）的复现。先易后难，各个突破。通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项。ill be gained after you start working,.” 我们在毕业后利用这些知识来建立我们的事业。你开始工作后会学到更多的知识，可知，本段叙述学校中获取知识对工作的影响。由此可推断出空格处是与从学校教育中获取知识有关。分析选项可知，F项（Schools and universities are the first places to get knowledge.）学校和大学是获取知识的第一个地方，F项不仅意义与本段一致，而且有词“knowledge”的复现，符合题意，故选F。‎ ‎（4） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however 等。‎ 最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。‎ 第二部分 英语运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I’d planned to spend my weekend in the sun, enjoying flowers outdoors. But that was ___21___ the pair of disgusting crows (乌鸦) arrived. Out of nowhere, they had set up their base ___22___ in our backyard.‎ We first ___23___ our feathered enemies on Friday morning. It was early, and the sound the birds made ___24___ through our neighborhood. I figured they’d ___25___ soon. But, no. They ‎ were getting louder and probably ___26___ my neighbors nearly as much as us with the noise. I admit I got a little ___27___.‎ Then, on Sunday afternoon, I saw our dog Quatchi staring at something on the ground. I went to ___28___ and found a small coal-black bird in the grass. Its eyes were milky, and it stayed perfectly ___29___ as my dog walked towards it. Only when Quatchi ___30___ his nose to its head did it walk away. I ___31___ the dog inside and came back with my camera.‎ It never occurred to me that the young would be hanging out on the ground growing and gaining ___32___ as its parents guarded it from above. The second I saw this little creature I ___33___ the crows.‎ To be honest, I’ve never been much of a bird person. And I wish they’d chosen another backyard. But I’m also ___34___ that I got to see this little bit of nature unfold up close. It’s pretty amazing.‎ The experience has also ___35___ my desire to create a beautiful backyard garden that attracts lots of bees, butterflies, and yes, birds. They are welcome here.‎ ‎21. A. after B. when C. until D. before ‎22. A. organization B. camp C. business D. trap ‎23. A. accepted B. drove C. discovered D. invited ‎24. A. traveled B. flew C. ran D. flowed ‎25. A. sing B. fight C. fall down D. quiet down ‎26. A. attracting B. annoying C. frightening D. amusing ‎27. A. excited B. amazed C. curious D. desperate ‎28. A. prevent B. defend C. explore D. assist ‎29. A. cold B. enthusiastic C. still D. friendly ‎30. A. touched B. threw C. pointed D. connected ‎31. A. awarded B. locked C. praised D. fed ‎32. A. strength B. pity C. advantage D. freedom ‎33. A. hated B. respected C. admired D. forgave ‎34. A. pitiful B. grateful C. painful D. careful ‎35. A. discouraged B. ensured C. strengthened D. proved ‎【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文．作者讲述了自己对在后院安家的乌鸦从讨厌到怜爱的态度转变过程。也告诉我们对待小动物也要一视同仁。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析的。句意： 我本打算在阳光下度周末，在户外赏花。但那是在那对恶心的乌鸦到来之前。A. after在……之后；B. when当……之后；C. until一直到；D. before在……之前。根据后面的语境可知，作者在乌鸦来之前，心情极好，可知，此处选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：他们在我们的后院建立了他们的大本营。A. organization组织；B. camp营地；C. business生意，商业；D. trap陷阱。根据后面的内容可知，乌鸦在他们家的后院定居下来，即建立了营地（camp），故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我们第一次发现有羽毛的敌人是在星期五早上。A. accepted接受；B. drove开车；C. discovered发现；D. invited邀请。根据语境可知，此处是指作者第一次发现（discover）乌鸦的，故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配及动词辨析。句意：时间还早，乌鸦的叫声穿过我们的街区。A. traveled传播，旅行；B. flew飞行；C. ran跑；D. flowed流动。“根据后面的They were getting louder and probably ______ my neighbors nearly as much as us with the noise. I admit I got a little...”可知，乌鸦的叫声很大，穿越街区，travel through”为固定搭配，意为“穿越，穿过”。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：我想他们很快就会安静下来。A. sing唱歌；B. fight打架；C. fall down摔倒；D. quiet down安静下来。根据后面的“They were getting louder他们声音很大”可知，而 “but” 为转折连词，可知，前面是说，我认为他们会安静（quiet down）下来，但却不是安静，而来越来越大。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：可能会让我的邻居和我们一样恼火。A. attracting吸引；B. annoying使恼火；C. frightening使害怕；D. amusing使娱乐。根据本段的“on Friday morning. It was early, and the sound the birds made traveled through our neighborhood.”可知，在周五的很早的时候，乌鸦的叫声，会让人恼火（annoying ），故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：我承认我有点绝望。A. excited激动的 ；B. amazed惊讶的；C. curious好奇的；D. desperate绝望的。根据上下文的语境可知，在早上听到乌鸦那么大的叫声，很是恼火，却又无可奈何，有点绝望（desperate），故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我去探查，在草地上发现了一只黑色的小鸟。A. prevent阻止；B. defend防御；C. explore探查，探索；D. assist协助。根据前一句“I saw our dog Quatchi staring at something on the ground.” 作者看到他们的狗Quatchi盯着地上的东西。出于好奇，作者也去一探究竟，故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：当我的狗朝它走去时，它一动不动。A. cold冷的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. still一动不动的；D. friendly友好的。根据空后的“只有当狗用鼻子碰触着它的头时，它才走开”，由此可知，在狗走近它前，它是不动不动的（still），故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：当狗用鼻子碰到它的头时，它才走开。A. touched碰触；B. threw扔掉；C. pointed指向；D. connected连接。根据常识及语境可知，此处是指狗用鼻子碰触（touch），故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析的。句意：我把狗锁在屋里。A. awarded授予；B. locked锁；C. praised表扬；D. fed喂食。由上文的狗用鼻子碰触了小乌鸦，所以作者担心小乌鸦的处境，怕狗伤害它而把狗锁（lock）起来，故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：没有想到小乌鸦的父母在上面保护，小乌鸦会在地面上玩耍，成长并壮大（获得力量）。A. strength力气；B. pity怜悯；C. advantage优势；D. freedom自由。分析语境可知，此处是指小乌鸦长大，有了力气，即成长壮大，故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我一看到这个小东西就原谅了乌鸦。A. hated憎恨；B. respected尊敬；C. admired钦佩；D. forgave宽恕，原谅。从上文乌鸦来到作者的后院安了家，吵到了他们，非常生气。但看到这只小乌鸦就宽恕（forgive）了它们。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：但我也很感激我能近距离地看到这大自然的一点神奇。它很神奇。A. pitiful可怜的；B. grateful感激的；C. painful痛苦的；D. careful仔细的，小心的。根据上句可知，“作者从来都不是一个喜欢鸟的人。作者希望他们选择另一个后院。但根据but可知，虽然作者是个从不喜欢鸟的人，却因为小乌鸦的可爱，而感激（grateful）大自然能让作者近距离观察到它。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：这段经历也增强了我想要创造一个美丽的后院花园的愿望。A. discouraged阻止；B. ensured确保；C. strengthened，增强。加强；D. proved证明。根据语境可知，此处是指看见小乌鸦的经历让作者有了增强streghtened了建立一个美丽花园的愿望，故选C。‎ 第二节（共0小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ What you spend rather than what you earn ___36___(help) to determine how content you are with life, a new study says.‎ Research from the Office for National Statistics found spending on hotels, restaurants and household furnishings was associated with life satisfaction. ___37___ (Unsurprising), spending on insurance and mobile phones was not. But the ONS said that overall spending and income mattered less than personal circumstances when ___38___ (measure) life satisfaction. Good health, marital status (婚姻状况) and economic activity had the strongest associations with how positively life satisfaction is rated.‎ Its analysis found that age also mattered: the young have ___39___ (high) life satisfaction than those in their 40s but life satisfaction rises again in later years, before falling again for those in their 80s. Living ___40___ (condition) were also important. Those who own their homes think their life satisfaction is higher than ___41___ in poverty.‎ But while spending is more important than income, households with ___42___ income of ‎ between £24,000 and £44,000 would feel more ___43___(satisfy) if their income increased, the ONS found. The ONS said: “There is no evidence of a significant association between household income ___44___ life satisfaction overall after accounting for other characteristics, such as age, ___45___ (marry) and so on”.‎ ‎【答案】36. helps 37. Unsurprisingly 38. measuring 39. higher 40. conditions ‎ ‎41. those 42. an 43. satisfied 44. and 45. marriage ‎【解析】‎ 本文为夹叙夹议文。文章叙述了一项新的研究，分析了为什么你的花费而不是收入决定你对生活的满意度。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查主谓一致及动词的时态。句意：决定你对生活满意程度的不是你挣多少钱，而是你花了多少钱。分析句子可知，本句的主语是“what you spend”，如果主语是一个句子，谓语动词要用单数，本句叙述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时，故填helps ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：毫不奇怪，在保险和手机上的支出却没有增加。分析句子可知，空格在句中作状语，修饰一个句子，要用副词做状语，因为此词在句首，第一个字母要大写，故填Unsurprisingly。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：在衡量生活满意度时，总体的支出和收入比个人情况更重要。分析句子可知，空格处的动词的逻辑主语是总体支出和收入（overall spending and income），与动词measure二者主动关系，要用动词的ing形式，故填measuring。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查比较级。句意：年轻人比40多岁的人的生活满意度更高。根据后面的“than”，可知此处要用比较级，故填higher。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：生活条件也很重要。根据后面的系动词（were），可知，本空要用复数形式，故填conditions。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：那些拥有自己房子的人认为他们的生活满意度高于贫困。根据语境可知，此句是一些人对另一些人的对比。根据上下文可知，本空是代词，填those恰当。故填 those。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查不定冠词。句意：但收入在2.4万至4.4万英镑之间的家庭如果收入增加，会感到更满意。句中的名词income是收入，可作可数名词，income是元音开头的在，故填an。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：但收入在2.4万至4.4万英镑之间的家庭如果收入增加，会感到更满意。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作表语，修饰收入增加的人们，修饰人一般要用动词的-ed形式。“satisfied”意为“满意的”，故填satisfied。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：在考虑了年龄、结婚等其他因素后，家庭收入与总体生活满意度之间存在显著关联。本句考查了“between...and...”，意为“在......和......之间”，故填and。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：在考虑了年龄、结婚等其他因素后，没有证据表明家庭收入与总体生活满意度之间存在显著的关联。分析句子可知，空格处要填名词，与age是并列的，故填名词marriage。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）‎ ‎46.假定你是校学生会主席李华，学生会将举行汉语书法大赛。请你给校国际部的交流生John写一封e-mail，邀请他参赛，内容包括：‎ ‎1.大赛内容；‎ ‎2.大赛时间、地点；‎ ‎3.参赛建议。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数80词左右；‎ ‎2.可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Tom:‎ In order to help students develop the habit of writing Chinese characters correctly, clearly and elegantly, our student union will hold a Chinese calligraphy competition. It's a good chance to learn about Chinese culture, so I'd like to invite you to participate in the competition.‎ The competition will be held on December 25th in the school lecture hall .The competition will start between 2pm and 4pm when the competitors shall write with hard or soft pen on the spot, all in block letters. The calligraphy works should be clean, beautiful, and written in standard Chinese characters. Five teachers will be invited to act as judges and the top ten winners will receive awards.‎ In the calligraphy competition, you should pay attention to your entries to be neat, no wrinkles, no crease. ‎ I’m looking forward to your coming.‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为应用文。你是校学生会主席李华，学生会将举行汉语书法大赛。请你给校国际部的交流生John写一封e-mail，邀请他参赛，内容包括：大赛内容；大赛时间、地点；参赛建议。‎ ‎【详解】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文，写作时首先仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息。第一部分叙述写信给John的原因，即邀请他参加学校举行的汉语书法大赛。第二部分叙述参赛的内容：大赛内容；大赛时间、地点；参赛建议。最后一部分表达期待john的参与。提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象．要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。‎ ‎【点睛】本文内容完整，本文结构紧凑，层次分明。文章主动语态与被动语态相结合。文章以简单句为主，辅之以复合句，如由so引导的状语从句 It's a good chance to learn about Chinese culture, so I'd like to invite you to participate in the competition；由when引导的定语从句The competition will start between 2pm and 4pm, when the competitors shall write with hard or soft pen on the spot, all in block letters.；和由and引导的并列句teachers will be invited to act as judges and the top ten winners will receive awards。总之整个文章简洁易懂，句式很灵活。‎ 第二节 读后续写（满分20分）‎ 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ ‎47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ The McDonnells lived in a small brick house in Larchmont, a suburb of New York City. Jim was foreman of mail carriers at the post office where he had worked for 25 years. Married in 1960, he and Anne were childless.‎ On the evening of the eleventh anniversary of their marriage, carrying out the garbage, Jim McDonnell slipped on icy steps, and struck his head. A few days later, driving to work, he lost control of the car, hit a telephone pole, and banged his forehead against the windshield. The following day he fell off the stairs, and again he banged his head. Found unconscious, he was hospitalized for three days with a cerebral concussion (脑震荡). One day in the same month, Jim borrowed a friend’s station wagon and drove to Kennedy Airport to pick up Anne’s brother and family. When he returned the borrowed car at 10 p.m., he was unaware that the wallet containing his identification had slipped out of his pocket onto the floor of the car. After that, he was never seen again.‎ So what really happened to Anne’s husband? During his walk home, Jim had indeed blacked out (昏厥), losing all ability to remember who he was and where he lived. What happened then is unclear. The next thing he knew was that he was in downtown Philadelphia, a city he had never visited before. Seeing signs advertising the services of a James Peters, a real estate broker, Jim adopted James Peters as his own name. He had no past; his only reality was the present. James Peters got a Social Security card, which could be obtained at that time without showing a birth certificate, and took a job in a health club. He next worked at a cancer research institute, cleaning out animal cages. He also got a night-shift job at the P&P luncheonette, where he became well known for his omelets (煎蛋卷), as well as his kindness and good humor.‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．所续写的短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ About a month before Christmas 1985, colleagues noticed that Jim had grown unusually quiet and depressed.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Anne had just returned home from Christmas Mass, where she lit candles and prayed for Jim.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】About a month before Christmas 1985, colleagues noticed that Jim had grown unusually quiet and depressed. Something seemed to be turning in his mind. On December 22, Jim had fallen and banged his head. The next day at work he seemed distracted, and late that afternoon he had fallen again, striking his head. On December 24, he awoke feeling confused, yet delighted. After almost 15 years, he knew who he was! He was James A. McDonnell, Jr., of Larchmont, New York. His wife’s name was Anne.‎ Anne had just returned home from Christmas Mass, where she lit candles and prayed for Jim. A light snow was falling, and she was in a hurry to leave for Christmas dinner at her sister’s before the roads grew slick. Then the doorbell rang. "Oh my," she thought, "this is not a good time for a visitor." Anne opened the door — and saw a man with a full white beard. Immediately she recognized Jim. She couldn’t speak.‎ To Jim, Anne looked a little older, but prettier too. His heart overflowed.‎ ‎“Hello, Anne,” he said.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为续写作文。续写作文首先要认真读懂所提供的材料，弄清整篇文章的中心，然后围绕文章中心，联系生活，运用想象，补续事情的发展和故事的结局。人物和事物要与原文保持连续性和一致性，融为一体。续写的文章要有明确的中心，重点要突出，详略要得当。‎ ‎【详解】本文为读故事续写作文。根据提供的文章开头，续写成文，写出故事的延续。续写文章时要注意，一是根据所提供的文章开头、结尾或其他线索，明确续写的方向和路子。二是续写时，情节的发展要合乎逻辑，人物的思想要前后一致，叙述的语气上也要一致，故事情节的向后延续发展要合乎情理。续写短文的词数应为120左右。‎ ‎【点睛】本文能围绕文章的中心，联系生活，运用想象，续写的内容非常生动，容与原文能保持了连续性和一致性，融为一体。续写的内容中心明确，重点突出，详略得当。故事情节的向后延续发展也非常合乎情理。文章中直接引语和间接引语相结合，句式以简单句为主，也恰当地运用了一些较高级的句式，如复杂句A light snow was falling, and she was in a hurry to leave for Christmas dinner at her sister’s before the roads grew slick。其中复合句最为灵活，如that引导的宾语从句...colleagues noticed that Jim had grown unusually quiet and depressed和 由what引导的宾语从句he knew who he was；由where引导的非限制性定语从句Anne had just returned home from Christmas Mass, where she lit candles and prayed for Jim。文中还有非谓语作状语... late that afternoon he had fallen again, striking his head等，这些语法结构的运用，使得所续写的部分与原文不仅一致，还生动形象。‎