江苏省南通市2020届高三第四次调研测试英语试题 Word版含解析

江苏省南通市2020届高三第四次调研测试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 南通市 2020 届高三第四次调研测试 英语试题 第 I 卷 (三部分 共 85 分) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 20 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where is Andy now? A. In the U.K. B. In France. C. In China. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Andy is a reporter from Chicago and he travels abroad all the time. And he has already been to the U.K. and China. W: Really? Where is he now? M: He has gone to France. He’s coming back next Tuesday. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the woman do? A. Look after her sick sister. B. Have a walk with the man. C. Take care of her sister’s child. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Do you feel like having a walk with me? W: I’d love to, but I have to go to my sister’s. She is ill and I have to look after - 2 - her child. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the relationship between Colin and Mary? A. Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: So tell me more about your family. I know you have a little brother and a little sister. W: Yes, Colin and Mary. They are twins. They are lots of fun. M: And you live with your mum. W: I used to, but I moved out with my husband after we got married. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How long does the computer club last? A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, Mr. Lea. When does the computer club finish this afternoon? M: At 4:15, Jane. And you must all be in the computer room by 3:45. W: I see. So I will be able to catch the 4:30 bus. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A hairdresser. B. A hairstyle. C. A girl. 【答案】C 【解析】 - 3 - 【原文】W: Look at Christine. She’s been to the hairdresser’s. She always likes to have a smart haircut. M: The girl with short hair? W: Yes. She looks angry. Perhaps they cut off too much. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What do we know about the basket? A. It is small for a coffee pot. B. It was bought yesterday. C. It is of bad quality. 7. What does the woman decide to do in the end? A. Change the basket for another one. B. Have the basket repaired. C. Return the basket. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Good morning, may I help you? W: Yes, I bought this picnic basket here about a week ago. The quality is terrible. M: Oh? What’s wrong? W: Now look at this bottom. I went on a picnic yesterday. The bottom dropped when I was carrying the basket and the coffee pot in the basket broke. I’d like to know whether I can return it. M: Well, but I’m afraid we don’t give money back on products on sale. Maybe you’d like to choose something else for the same price? W: Well, if so, I’d like a new one of better quality. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 - 4 - 8. Where did the woman meet Bradley Cooper? A. At a restaurant. B. At a bookstore. C. At a shopping center. 9. What did Bradley Cooper do for the woman? A. He gave her a book. B. He signed a book for her. C. He helped her with her English. 【答案】8. A 9. B 【解析】 【原文】M:Have you ever met a famous person? W: Yes, I have. Bradley Cooper. M: Really? When and where? W:It was last summer. My friends and I were on vacation in LA. We were walking out of a restaurant and talking about going shopping when he walked in. M: Did you say anything to him? W: Yes, I did. I asked him for a signature. W: Did he give you one? W: Yes, he is really nice. I didn’t have any paper with me, so he signed a book that I was carrying. M: What book was it? W: It was my English textbook, believe it or not. I had it with me to help me with my English. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. When is Priceless on? A. At 8 pm. B. At 9 pm. C. At 11 pm. - 5 - 11. What does the woman think of quiz shows? A. Boring. B. Exciting. C. Funny. 12. What program will the woman watch? A. A basketball game. B. A movie. C. A talk show. 【答案】10. A 11. A 12. B 【解析】 【原文】M: What do you want to do tonight? Do you want to go out? W: Not really. I’m tired. Is there anything good on TV? M:I don’t think so. Let me see if I can find the program guide online. There is Priceless on at 8 p.m. W: I don’t really like quiz shows. They’re a bit boring for me. Is there a talk show on? M: No, all good talk shows are late at night. But there is an exciting basketball game on at … W: No way! How about a movie? M: There’s a couple to choose from. There’s one called By Tomorrow, and it doesn’t start until 11 p.m. W: That’s too late to watch it. M: Or there is another one called Let Him Go that starts at 9 p.m. I think it’s a comedy. W: Sounds good. Let’s make a deal. I let you watch the first half of the game, then we watch the movie together. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Who went to England last year? - 6 - A. Ivan. B. Jim. C. Erica. 14. Where did Erica stay during her holiday? A. In a hotel. B. In a tent. C. In a flat. 15. Which means of transport did Ann use from Italy to Malta? A. The plane. B. The car. C. The boat. 16. Where will the speakers probably go? A. To a mountain. B. To a farm. C. To a castle. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Bella, I’ve got a week’s holiday in July. Why don’t we go to the mountains and take the tent? W: Oh, no! My friend Ivan slept in a tent last July and it rained all week. M: But I like the rain. W: Dad! Jim and his friends flew to England last year. They found a flat in the city center. M: No, you know I don’t really like cities. W: I was talking to Erica yesterday. She said they stayed in a small family hotel in a little village in France. It was just like home! Why don’t we go there? M: I’m not sure. What about your friend, Ann? W: Oh, yeah! She stayed with her family in a castle on Malta. They drove to Italy and took a boat to Malta from there. - 7 - M: That sounds like a lot of driving! Any other ideas? W: I know! Linda’s family went to Stanton’s Farm and it was great fun. We could take our bikes and go cycling. M: Now that’s a good idea. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Which position is open? A. Editors. B. Reporters. C. Website designers. 18. What can be got from the job? A. Chances to travel around. B. Lots of money. C. Free movies. 19. What is the requirement for the applicants? A. Work experience. B. Good writing skills. C. Access to the Internet. 20. What does the speaker talk about in the end? A. The deadline. B. The age limit. C. The website address. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【原文】W: I’m here to tell you about an interesting website. Last year, some friends and I started a website called Traveling Reporters. It’s a youth news site with interesting articles written by young people in the community. We write articles for our website on a regular basis. We also write reviews and interviews. We are now trying to find a new team of traveling reporters to write about local events and things of interest to young people in their area. This is a great chance for young people who - 8 - are interested in giving writing for the Internet a go. You’ll get lots of support from our editor, so no experience is necessary. You won’t be paid for the work but there are benefits to being a traveling reporter. For a start it’s a wonderful way to develop your writing skills. You’ll also have the opportunity to meet and work with other young people from around the country. And of course it’s a great way to get some free CDs, movies and books. If you’d like to apply you’ll need to be at least 15 and no more than 19 years old. Once you apply, you’ll need to attend two days of training before you start. You also need to be familiar with the Internet and have regular access to it. For more information please visit our website at www. travelingreporters.com. You need to apply by 12th April, so don’t waste any time. 第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分 35 分) 第一节 单项填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。 21. The art festival is an annual event ______ the students can show off their talents. A. where B. that C. which D. as 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：艺术节是一个一年一度的节日，同学们都在艺术节上施展才 艺。句中先行词为 event，为抽象地点名词，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词 where 引 导。故选 A。 【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所 作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为抽象名词 event，再分析先行词 event 在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词 event 带到从句中可知只能作地点状语，故确定关系词 where，相当于 in which。 22. The researchers ______ till midnight every day since the outbreak of the disease to find an effective cure. A. work B. will work C. are working D. have been working - 9 - 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自从疫情爆发以来,研究者毎天都忙到深夜以找到有效的治愈 方法。 时间状语 since the outbreak of the disease 提示用完成时态, till midnight 表 示动作的持续性,故用现在完成进行时,故选 D。 23. China’s economic progress has been made ______ stronger efforts in energy saving and environmental protection. A. in response to B. in parallel with C. in regard to D. in conflict with 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：中国取得了巨大的经济进步，同时还在节能和保护 环境方面加大了努力。A. in response to 响应，对……的回应；B. in parallel with 与…… 同时；C. in regard to 关于；D. in conflict with 与……起冲突。这里表示在经济发展的 同时，也加大了节能环保的力度。故选 B。 24. The company has ______ the gas supply temporarily to repair the damaged gas pipe. A. cut in B. cut up C. cut off D. cut out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这个公司临时切断了煤气供应，来修复受损的煤气管道。A. cut in 插嘴；超车；B. cut up 切碎；抨击；C. cut off 切断；中断；使死亡；隔离；D. cut out 删去；停止；关掉；切断。根据“to repair the damaged gas pipe.”可知，为了修复受损 的煤气管道，所以要临时切断煤气供应。故选 C。 25. ______ most of us are satisfied with the nutrients we’re getting from our diets, they are actually far from enough. A. While B. If C. Since D. Before 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 考查连词。 - 10 - 【详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：尽管我们大多数人都满足于从饮食中获得的营养，他 们事实上远远不够。A.while 尽管；B.if 引导条件状语，C.since 可引导时间状语和原因状语， D.before 引导时间状语。分析句意可知此处为让步关系。所以 while 合适，while 可以引导 让步状语从句，表虽然，尽管。所以答案应选 A。 【点睛】此题的解题关键是主从句的关系，根据句意可判断出主从句为让步关系，所以 while 合适。 26. In case of fire, we must follow the emergency ______ to ensure our safety. A. predictions B. proportions C. procedures D. pressures 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在发生火灾时，我们必须遵循紧急程序，以确保我们的 安全。A. predictions 预测；B. proportions 部分；C. procedures 程序；步骤；D. pressures 压力。发生火灾，要按照紧急程序逃生，以确保安全。故选 C。 27. —The hillside village remains primitive and unspoiled. —That explains ______ people desire to explore such a remote place. A. how B. where C. when D. why 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。——山坡上的这个村庄依然原始而又自然。——这就解释了为什 么人们都想去这么远的地方探索了。动词 explains 后接宾语从句，结合句意可知，这里用 why 引导，在从句中作原因状语。故选 D。 【点睛】本题考查名词性从句，首先判断属于哪种名词性从句，再判断从句缺少什么成分， 如果缺少主宾表，用 what，不缺少成分和意思用 that，缺少疑问词根据句意判断。本题为宾 语从句，从句不缺少成分，结合句意可知，这里用 why 引导，在从句中作原因状语，从而判 断出正确答案。 28. Most _______ labor in the past has been replaced by modern machines. A. manual B. liberal C. fragile D. casual 【答案】A 【解析】 - 11 - 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过去的大多数的手工劳动都被现代化的机器取代了。A. manual 手工的；B. liberal 开明的；自由的； C. fragile 脆弱的；D. casual 偶然的；临 时的。manual labor 与 modern machine 形成对比，表示手工劳作被现代化机器代替。故选 A。 29. When she was in college, Sophia ______ as a teacher in the small town for several months. A. had volunteered B. volunteered C. has volunteered D. is volunteering 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当索菲亚还在上大学的时候，她曾在一个小镇上支教好几个 月。根据时间状语从句 When she was in college 可知，表示事情发生在过去，动作已经结 束，与现在无关，故排除 C、D 项；A 项表示“过去的过去”，故错误。故 B 项正确。 30. The college entrance exam ______ until July this year, senior three students will be better prepared. A. to postpone B. having postponed C. postponed D. being postponed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：高考今年推迟至七月，高三学生能再好好准备准备了。 后半句为主句，前半句为从句。分析句子可知，主从句主语不一致，所以用独立主格结构。 从句逻辑主语 The college entrance exam 与 postpone 之间为被动关系，表示“被推迟”， 所以用过去分词。故选 C。 31. We often visit the nursing home and talk to the aged as if they ______ our own grandparents. A. were B. are C. had been D. will be 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们经常去敬老院和老人交谈，就好像他们是我们自己的爷 爷奶奶一样。as if 引导方式状语，当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或 存在的情况时，as if 从句用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。表示 - 12 - 与过去或与谈话时间为止发生的事实相反，谓语动词用“had +过去分词”。根据上文 often 可知是对现在的虚拟，从句中主语为 they，故应用 were。故选 A。 32. A package of measures has been introduced to help the economy and ______ jobs. A. preview B. preserve C. prevent D. predict 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词辨析。句意：一系列的措施已经被引进来帮助恢复经济并保留工作岗位。 A. preview 预习；B. preserve 保留；C. prevent 阻止；D. predict 预测。措施的引进是为 了帮助经济，有助于经济发展，就能保留工作岗位。故选 B。 33. Education reform has swept across schools, bringing with ______ new opportunities for students to develop in an all-round way. A. one B. it C. them D. those 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：教育改革已经席卷了学校，随之而来的是学生全面发展的新 机会。one 代指与前文所提事物同类的事物，不合题意，排除选项 A；them 和 those 代指的是 名词复数，但教育改革是单数，排除选项 C 和 D；it 代指前文中提到的同一个事物且为单数， 故选 B。 34. You don’t have to take a taxi. I’ll have my assistant ______ you to the museum. A. to drive B. driven C. driving D. drive 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你不需要搭乘出租车，我会派我的助手来接你去博物馆的。 have sb. do sth.派某人做某事，让某人做某事，强调一次性的动作。根据“You don’t have to take a taxi.”可知，会让我的助手接你去博物馆。故选 D。 35. —Can you pass me the book on the shelf? —Of course, ______. A. never mind B. take it easy C. here you are D. help yourself 【答案】C - 13 - 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你能把架子上的书递给我吗？——当然，给你。A. never mind 没关系；B. take it easy 不紧张；C. here you are 给你；D. help yourself 随便吃。 根据 Of course 可知，答应把书递给说话人，因此 C 项正确。故选 C。 第二节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was always the girl who managed to stay moderately fit through an active lifestyle. I relied on my brain but largely ___36___ my body. Then, due to a mixture of ___37___ and overwork, I found myself no longer the ___38___ and happy person I had been. I couldn’t find ___39___ in the things I loved. I was unwell and needed to find a way to get better. I added ___40___ to my schedule, along with more time outdoors and reducing my ___41___. I didn’t expect to enjoy it, and knew that I would need a one-to-one trainer to ___42___ me to exercise regularly. I ___43___ a personal trainer. I explained that I wasn’t aiming to lose weight. I had no ___44___ of shifting my anxiety on to the way I looked. ___45___, I wanted to improve my balance, flexibility and strength. My trainer presented exercise as a way to boost myself up (增强) rather than ___46___, and to help my body be stronger and ___47___ for the things I wanted to do every day. To achieve this, I ___48___ time and energy in myself. ___49___ myself physically has not always been easy. It is hard work, I sweat a lot, and I ___50___ it. I finally found myself understanding ___51___ I would want to make exercise part of my life. My body has built up. When I run, it takes less ___52___; when I dig my garden for hours, my back no longer ___53___. Now, when I’m ___54___ who I am and what I’m worth, I look down at my arms. Thanks to the exercise, my newly defined ___55___ reminds me of what I’m made of: the determination to thrive as well as survive. 36. A. appreciated B. shaped C. trained D. ignored 37. A. passions B. complaints C. stresses D. praises 38. A. confident B. honest C. punctual D. generous - 14 - 39. A. evidence B. pleasure C. humour D. fault 40. A. entertainment B. communication C. travel D. exercise 41. A. expectation B. workload C. diet D. income 42. A. promise B. motivate C. allow D. beg 43. A. seized B. charged C. hired D. questioned 44. A. intention B. chance C. idea D. doubt 45. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. However D. Moreover 46. A. hang about B. shrink down C. burst in D. show off 47. A. fitter B. slower C. higher D. lighter 48. A. saved B. wasted C. found D. invested 49. A. Challenging B. Burying C. Measuring D. Locating 50. A. mean B. love C. catch D. refuse 51. A. where B. how C. when D. why 52. A. time B. skill C. effort D. focus 53. A. shakes B. breaks C. aches D. exists 54. A. enjoying B. wondering C. choosing D. guessing 55. A. character B. habit C. muscle D. mind 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. B 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. C 54. B 55. C 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者发现自己不再快乐后，通过锻炼身体重获快乐与幸福。 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我依靠我的大脑，但很大程度上忽略了我的身体。A. appreciated 欣赏；B. shaped 塑造；C. trained 训练；D. ignored 忽视。根据下一句的“接着我因为工 作过量，发现自己不再快乐”可知，这里是我忽视了自己的身体。故选 D。 【37 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于压力和过度工作的混合，我发现自己不再是以前的自信和快 乐的人。A. passions 热情；B. complaints 抱怨；C. stresses 压力；D. praises 赞扬。根 - 15 - 据后面的 overwork 以及我不再开心可知，这里是压力。故选 C。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于压力和过度工作的混合，我发现自己不再是以前的自信和 快乐的人。A. confident 自信的；B. hones 诚实的；C. punctual 守时的；D. generous 慷 慨的。这里和 happy 并列，要填褒义词，表示“我不再开心、自信”。 故选 A。 【39 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法从我热爱的事物中找到乐趣。A. evidence 证据；B. pleasure 快乐；C. humour 幽默；D. fault 过错。照应前面的不开心，因此这里是我无法在我曾经喜 欢的东西里找到快乐。故选 B。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把锻炼列入了我的日程，还有更多的户外时间和减少我的工作 量。A. entertainment 娱乐；B. communication 交流；C. travel 旅行；D. exercise 锻炼。 根据后面的更多户外的时间和下面的 exercise regularly 可知，这里是我让自己多锻炼。故 选 D。 【41 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把锻炼列入了我的日程，还有更多的户外时间和减少我的工作 量。A. expectation 解释；B. workload 工作量；C. diet 节食；D. income 收入。根据前面 说了我不开心是因为压力和过度工作，这里开始多锻炼可知，是减少工作量。故选 B。 【42 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我并没有期望去享受它，我知道我需要一个一对一的教练来激励 我定期锻炼。A. promise 答应；B. motivate 激励；C. allow 允许；D. beg 恳求。根据前面 的我需要一个教练可知，这里是固定搭配 motivate sb to do，激励某人做某事，需要教练激 励我每天锻炼。故选 B。 【43 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我雇了一个私人教练。A. seized 抓住；B. charged 要价；C. hired 雇佣；D. questioned 询问。根据前面的需要，以及后面我和教练解释可知，这里是我雇了一 个教练。故选 C。 【44 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无意把我的焦虑转移到我的外貌上。A. intention 目的；B. chance 机会；C. idea 想法；D. doubt 怀疑。根据前一句我不是要减肥可知，这里是我无意于通过 - 16 - 外貌转移我的压力，固定搭配 have no intention of doing，没有做……的想法。故选 A。 【45 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我想提高我的平衡性、灵活性和力量。A. Instead 相反；B. Otherwise 否则；C. However 然而；D. Moreover 此外。根据前两句话可知，这里空格后面是 我真正的想法，因此和前面形成转折，填 instead，更侧重取而代之之意。故选 A。 【46 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我的教练提出，锻炼是一种提升自己的方式，而不是让自己 瘦下来，可以帮助我的身体变得更强壮，更适合我每天想做的事情。A. hang about 闲逛；B. shrink down 瘦下来；C. burst in 撞入；D. show off 炫耀。这里是照应前面的减肥 lose weight， 所以用 shrink down，我想通过锻炼来增强自己，而不是减肥。故选 B。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的教练提出，锻炼是一种提升自己的方式，而不是让自己瘦 下来，可以帮助我的身体变得更强壮，更适合我每天想做的事情。A. fitter 更适合；B. slower 更慢的；C. higher 更高的；D. lighter 更亮的。根据前面是 stronger，以及后面的宾语是 我每天想做的事可知，这里是固定搭配 be fit for …表示适合……，故选 A。 【48 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了做到这一点，我在自己身上投入了时间和精力。A. saved 节 省；B. wasted 浪费；C. found 发现；D. invested 投资。后面是 in myself，加上前面一直 在说我在努力锻炼身体可知，这里是我在自己身上投资时间和精力。故选 D。 【49 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：身体上的挑战自己并不总是容易的。A. Challenging 挑战；B. Burying 埋葬；C. Measuring 衡量；D. Locating 位于。根据后面说我一直流汗可知，这里所 填的动名词是要表示锻炼的意思，而后面有 physically，因此是 challenge sb physically， 在身体上挑战自己，即锻炼。故选 A。 【50 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一项艰苦的工作，我出汗很多，但我喜欢它。A. mean 意为； B. love 喜欢；C. catch 抓住；D. refuse 拒绝。根据下一句我让锻炼成为我生活的一部分可 知，这里是我喜欢锻炼，因此是 love。故选 B。 【51 题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：我终于发现自己明白了为什么要把锻炼作为生活的一部分。A. where - 17 - 哪里；B. how 怎么；C. when 什么时候；D. why 为什么。根据下一段是在解释我锻炼后收获 的东西，可知这里是我明白我为什么让锻炼成为我生活的一部分。故选 D。 【52 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我跑步时，花的力气更少。A. time 时间；B. skill 机巧；C. effort 努力；D. focus 集中。固定搭配 it takes effort 表示很花精力。我身体变强壮后，我跑步 的时候花的力气更少。故选 C。 【53 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在花园里挖了几个小时的时候，我的背就不再疼痛。A. shakes 摇晃；B. breaks 打破；C. aches 疼痛；D. exists 存在。照应前一句，当我在花园劳作时， 我的背不再痛。故选 C。 【54 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我想知道我是谁，我的价值是什么时，我低头看看我的 手臂。A. enjoying 享受；B. wondering 想知道；C. choosing 选择；D. guessing 猜。根据 后面的宾语是我是谁，我价值什么，以及后面的我看我自己胳膊可知，这里是当我想知道自 己到底是谁，自己价值什么时。故选 B。 【55 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了这些锻炼，我新定义的肌肉提醒我，我是由什么组成的:生 存和茁壮成长的决心。A. character 性格；B. habit 习惯；C. muscle 肌肉；D. mind 想法。 根据前面的看我的胳膊，以及前文一直讲述我的身体变强，后面是我的意志力可知，这里是 我新锻炼出的肌肉。故选 C。 第三部分 阅读理解 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A - 18 - Beijing museum launches outer space into cyberspace The National Museum of China has taken a variety of measures on its website and WeChat account, creating virtual tours for its current and permanent exhibitions, uploading audio of previous educational courses and providing more social media posts to detail the star items in its collection. It has gone a further step by launching an exhibition entirely online with the help of advanced technology such as 3D modeling and 5G. The exhibition, titled Dongfanghong Forever, charts the progress China has made in aerospace over half a century. The show opened on April 24, which is marked as the country’s Space Day, when the satellite Dongfanghong 1 was launched in 1970. The success of Dongfanghong 1 entering its present orbit not only registered the country’s first steps in exploring outer space but the event also made China the fifth country in the world to develop a satellite on its own and put it in space. The online exhibition is expected to run for a long time, and people can visit it on the museum’s website at any time. It is the first such virtual show the museum has staged. It reviews “three critical moments in the country’s space exploration-the development of Dongfanghong 1, the liftoff of China’s first manned spacecraft, Shenzhou V, in 2003 and the landing of the Chang’e 4 lunar probe in 2019”. The exhibition gives a view of Dongfanghong 1 orbiting in the form of digital simulation (模拟). Viewers can also watch television interviews of scientists - 19 - involved in the mission and documentary footage filmed in 1970, as well as hear Dongfanghong (The East is Red), a song popular in China hailing Mao Zedong, played by the satellite. The exhibition will motivate more people to engage in the country’s ambitious course of space exploration. 56. The National Museum of China has recently ______. A. launched a satellite into outer space B. set up a website and WeChat account C. uploaded more digital documents online D. helped to advance 3D and 5G technology 57. On the museum’s website, you can ______. A. see how Dongfanghong 1 was orbiting B. have an interview with some scientists C. visit China’s first manned spacecraft D. provide classes about space exploration 【答案】56. C 57. A 【解析】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍北京国家博物馆利用网络在网站上为大众提供虚拟航空展览， 以鼓励更多人参与到国家的航空事业中来。 【56 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The National Museum of China has taken a variety of measures on its website and WeChat account, creating virtual tours for its current and permanent exhibitions, uploading audio of previous educational courses and providing more social media posts to detail the star items in its collection.”国 家博物馆在网站和微信上为展览创建了虚拟之旅，上传了以往教育课程的音频、社交媒体帖 子、明星项目等，可知博物馆最近在线上传了更多的数据文件。故选 C。 - 20 - 【57 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The exhibition gives a view of Dongfanghong 1 Orbiting in the form of digital simulation” 可知，展览以数字模拟的形式展示了东方红 1 号的轨道 运行。由此可知，在博物馆的网站上，你可以看到东方红 1 号是如何绕轨道运行的。故选 A。 B Should you choose time over money, or money over time? This is one of those so-called dilemmas of happiness that isn’t really a dilemma at all, because the answer is so painfully obvious. Money, after all, is just an instrument for obtaining other things, including time-while time is all we’ve got. And to make matters worse, you can’t save it up. And yet we do choose money over time, again and again, even when basic material well-being doesn’t demand it. Partly, no doubt, that’s because even well-off people fear future poverty. But it’s also because the time/money trade-off rarely presents itself in simple ways. Suppose you’re offered a better-paid job that requires a longer commute (more money in return for less time); but then again, that extra cash could lead to more or better time in future, in the form of nicer holidays, or a more secure retirement. Which choice prioritizes time, and which money? It’s hard to say. Thankfully, a new study throws a little light on the matter. The researchers surveyed more than 4,000 Americans to determine whether they valued time or money more, and how happy they were. A clear majority preferred money-but those who valued time were happier. Older people, married people and parents were more likely to value time, which makes sense: older people have less time left, while those with spouses and kids probably either value time with them, or feel they steal all their time. Or both. The crucial finding here is that it’s not having more time that makes you happier, but valuing it more. Economists continue to argue about whether money buys happiness-but few doubt that being comfortably off is more pleasant than struggling to make ends meet. This study makes a different point: it implies that even if you’re scraping by (勉强维持), and thus forced to focus on money, you’ll be happier if deep down you know it’s time that’s most important. - 21 - It also contains ironic (讽刺的) good news for those of us who feel basically secure, financially, but horribly pushed for time. If you strongly wish you had more time, as I do, who could accuse you of not valuing it? At least my eagerness for more time shows that my priorities are in order, and maybe that means I’ll enjoy any spare time I do get. We talk about scarce time like it’s a bad thing. But scarcity is what makes us treat things as precious, too. 58. The example in Paragraph 2 suggests that ______. A. money can be made at the expense of time B. the time/money trade-off is a complicated issue C. money is a tool for obtaining material well-being D. circumstances force one to choose money over time 59. We can know from the findings of the study that ______. A. valuing time more makes people happier B. parents regret the time spent on their kids C. people won’t value time until they’re rich D. a comfortable life is superior to more time 60. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage? A. What you should spend time on B. What you should trade money for C. Why you need to value money, not time D. Why you need to count time, not money 【答案】58. B 59. A 60. D 【解析】 本文是议论文。主要探讨的是时间和金钱选择的问题。时间是我们仅有的东西，并且是不能 挽回的。珍惜时间让人们更快乐。 【58 题详解】 推理判断题。根据题干定位到第二段的“But it’s also because the time/money trade-off rarely presents itself in simple ways.”可知，时间和金钱的权衡很少是以简单的方式 出现的，也就是说两者之间的权衡是复杂的问题。接下来的举例证明了"it' s hard to say”， 两者的抉择很难，是个复杂的问题。故选 B。 - 22 - 【59 题详解】 推理判断题。根据题干定位到第四段首句 The crucial finding here is that it’s not having more time that makes you happier, but valuing it more.可知，研究的关键发现是让你 更快乐的并不是拥有更多的时间，而是更珍惜时间才会更快乐。第四段最后一句的 you’ll be happier if deep down you know it’s time that’s most important.也再次表明即使勉 强度日，并被迫专注于金钱,但内心深处明白现在是最重要的时刻时，还是会感到快乐。因此 推断从这项研究我们知道珍惜时间让人们更快乐。故选 A。 【60 题详解】 主旨大意题。首先，本文主要探讨的是时间和金钱选择的问题，故排除 A 项和 B 项。其次,文 章第一段就给出观点，时间是我们仅有的东西，并且是不能挽回的。接着文章通过硏究调査 来明确重视时间更让人感到快乐，因此本篇文章主要是提出论点，然后阐述原因的写作顺序， 因此推断 D 项“你为什需要珍惜时间，而不是金钱”为最佳标题。故选 D。 C The brain has a powerful ability to remember and connect events separated in time. And now, in that new study in mice published in Neuron, scientists at Columbia’s Zuckerman Institute have cast light on how the brain can form lasting links. The hippocampus-a small, seahorse-shaped region buried deep in the brain-is an important headquarters for learning and memory. Previous experiments in mice showed that disruption (中断) to the hippocampus leaves the animals with trouble learning to associate two events separated by tens of seconds. “The traditional view has been that cells in the hippocampus keep up a level of continuous activity to associate such events,” said Dr. Ahmed, co-first author of the study. “Turning these cells off would thus disrupt learning.” To test this view, the researchers imaged parts of the hippocampus of mice as the animals were exposed to two different stimuli (刺激物): a neutral (神经的) sound followed by a small but unpleasant puff of air. A fifteen-second delay separated the two events. The scientists repeated this experiment across several trials. Over time, the mice learned to associate the sound with the soon-to-follow puff of air. Using advanced microscopy, they recorded the activity of thousands of neurons (神经元) , a type of brain cell, in the animals’ hippocampus over the course of each trial for - 23 - many days. “We expected to see continuous neural activity that lasted during the fifteen-second gap, an indication of the hippocampus at work linking the auditory sound and the air puff,” said computational neuroscientist Stefano Fusi, PhD. “But when we began to analyze the data, we saw no such activity.” Instead, the neural activity recorded during the fifteen-second time gap was sparse (稀少的). Only a small number of neurons worked, and they did so seemingly at random. To understand activity, they had to shift the way they analyzed data and use tools designed to make sense of random processes. Finally, the researchers discovered a complex pattern in the randomness: a style of mental computing that seems to be a remarkably efficient way that neurons store information. “We were happy to see that the brain doesn’t maintain ongoing activity over all these seconds because that’s not the most efficient way to store information,” said Dr. Ahmed. “The brain seems to have a more efficient way to build this bridge.” In addition to helping to map the circuitry involved in associative learning, these findings also provide a starting point to more deeply explore disorders, such as panic and post-traumatic stress disorder. 61. What can we learn about the hippocampus? A. It weakens with the memory decline. B. It is a brain region crucial for memory. C. It serves as a tool of learning languages. D. It is involved in the visual area of the brain. 62. According to the passage, the traditional view is that ______. A. associations of events require continuous neural activity B. animals have trouble learning to associate two events C. neural activity can hardly be replaced by associations D. a 15-second delay is enough to separate two events 63. The new study in mice indicates that ______. A. continuous activity happens as expected B. no neurons stay active at intervals of 15 seconds - 24 - C. a complex pattern helps the brain learn associations D. neuronal information is stored in well-designed tools 64. From the last two paragraphs, we can infer that the findings ______. A. inspire deeper explorations of disorders B. provide evidence for language learning C. build a bridge between different parts of the brain D. help map some aspects of a person’s experiences 【答案】61. B 62. A 63. C 64. A 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章主要通过一项研究，揭示大脑如何形成持久的联系。这些发现除了帮助 绘制联想学习的电路图外，还为更深入地探索诸如恐慌和创伤后应激障碍等疾病提供了一个 起点。 【61 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 The hippocampus-a small, seahorse-shaped region buried deep in the brain-is an important headquarters for learning and memory. (海马一个小的， 海马状的区域埋在大脑深处,是学习和记忆的重要总部)可知，海马是一个对记忆至关重要的 大脑区域。crucial 对应文中 important headquarters。故选 B。 【62 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的The traditional view has been that cells in the hippocampus keep up a level of continuous activity to associate such events(传统的观点是，海 马体中的细胞保持一定水平的连续活动来关联这些事件)可知，事件的关联需要持续的神经活 动，因此选 A 项 associations f events require continuous neural activity, require 对应文中的 to 表目的,这里将句式转换了一下。其它选项都是第四段 test the view 的实验 过程或发现,和问题不符。故选 A。 【63 题详解】 细节理解题。根据六段的 Finally, the researchers discovered a complex pattern in the randomness: a style of mental computing that seems to be a remarkably efficient way that neurons store information.(最后，研究人员在随机性中发现了一个复杂的模式：一 种精神计算方式，似乎是神经元存储信息的一种非常有效的方式)可知,一个复杂的模式有助 - 25 - 于大脑学习联想， 故选 C: a complex pattern.正确。故选 C。 【64 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第八段第 64 题 A 根据第八段 In addition to helping to map the circuitry involved in associative learning, these findings also provide a starting point to more deeply explore disorders, such as panic and post-traumatic stress disorder.(除 了帮助绘制联想学习的电路图外，这些发现还为更深入地探索诸如恐慌和创伤后应激障碍等 疾病提供了一个起点)可推断，这个发现鼓舞更深入探索紊乱。故选 A。 D One in four children and young people could have problematic smart-phone use, according to research that also suggests such behaviour is associated with poorer mental health. The amount of time children and teens spend using their devices has become an issue of growing concern, but experts say there is still little evidence as to whether spending time on screens is harmful in itself. The experts behind the latest study said they wanted to look beyond the time young people were spending on smart-phones and instead explore the type of relationship they had with smart-phones. The results suggest more than 23% of young people have an abnormal relationship with their smart-phones, and that this appears to be associated with poorer mental health-although the research cannot say whether phone use is driving such problems. “It seems like only a minority of teenagers and young people from various different countries are self-reporting a pattern of behaviour that we recognise from other addictions,” said Dr Nicola Kalk of King’s College London, co-author of the study. “The quality of the evidence is poor, but it is enough to warrant (保证) further investigation.” Writing in the journal BMC Psychiatry, the team reported how they looked at data from 41 studies involving a total of almost 42,000 participants across Europe, Asia and America, mainly in their teens or early 20s. These studies used questionnaires to probe the prevalence (普遍) of problematic smart-phone use-behaviours such as being anxious when the device is not available - 26 - or neglecting other activities to spend time on the smart-phone. Taken together, the team said on average these studies suggested as many as one in four children and young people had problematic smart-phone use. Among the studies that probed mental health, the results suggested people with problematic smart-phone use were also more likely to have depression-for which the odds (可能性) were more than three times worse-anxiety, feelings of stress and poor sleep as well as poorer educational attainment. While the team said it was too soon to call problematic smart-phone usage an addiction, they noted that it appeared to be linked to similar patterns of behaviour and emotion. Kalk said further studies were needed to explore if these behaviours were hard to break, or cause harm-other key features of an addiction. The authors argued that the availability and pervasiveness of smart-phones in everyday life meant problematic use of the devices posed a different and much bigger public health problem than substances of abuse or internet gaming. Kalk said the team were now looking at whether smart-phones were just delivering addictive content, or whether there was something inherently addictive about using such devices. Dr Amy Orben, an expert in screen time at the University of Cambridge, raised concerns, noting that the definition of problematic internet use varied considerably across studies, and the measures used were questioned. She said studies finding little signs of problematic internet use might have been overlooked, while the research could not say whether problematic smart-phone use caused poorer mental health. Prof Russell Viner, President of Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that parents were navigating unchartered water when it came to technology. “One of the most critical things for parents to consider is whether screen time is having a harmful impact on other activities like school, relationships or other interests. This study suggests that this is the case for a significant minority of children and young people,” he said. - 27 - Viner said in these cases parents should calmly install age-appropriate boundaries on smart-phone use, and ask questions about whether their children were experiencing other problems. “While screen time is a new problem, part of the solution is tried and tested-open and regular conversations based on respect and trust,” he said. 65. Experts conducted the research to ______. A. address the concern about adolescent behavior B. prove spending time on screens is harmful in itself C. calculate the time young people spent on smart-phones D. explore young people’s relationship type with smart-phones 66. We can learn from the research that ______. A. it involved a vast majority of participants across the globe B. the participants were asked to report their online activities C. researchers compared different behaviors of the participants D. problematic smart-phone use is linked to poorer mental health 67. Which of the following might Kalk probably agree? A. It is hard to break problematic smart-phone use. B. Internet gaming is problematic smart-phone use. C. Problematic smart-phone use is an addiction. D. The research still has some limitations. 68. What’s Dr Amy Orben’s attitude towards the research findings? A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Sceptical. D. Unconcerned. 69. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 16 mean? A. Screen time is a new challenge to parents. B. Technology is posing a threat to parents. C. Parents are lost in the sea of technology. D. Parents use technology to chart water. 70. According to Viner, what should parents do to solve the problem? A. Keep track of the screen time of children. - 28 - B. Strictly prohibit children from using devices. C. Have a sincere communication with children. D. Evaluate the impact of screen time on children. 【答案】65. D 66. D 67. D 68. C 69. A 70. C 【解析】 本文是一篇议论文。文章作者首先提出青少年过度依赖使用手机导致不良的心理健康状态， 并且罗列了对实验研究的批判性评论，最后还提到了一些解决问题的方法比如家长的干预。 【65 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The experts behind the latest study said they wanted to look beyond the time young people were spending on smart-phones and instead explore the type of relationship they had with smart-phones.(这项最新研究的专家们说，他们希望 研究的不仅仅是年轻人花在智能手机上的时间，而是他们与智能手机之间的关系类型。)”可 知，专家进行试验的目的是探索年轻人与智能手机的关系类型。故选 D。 【66 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“One in four children and young people could have problematic smart-phone use, according to research that also suggests such behaviour is associated with poorer mental health.( 研究表明，四分之一的儿童和年轻人可能在使用智能手机时 出现问题，这种行为还与较差的心理健康状况有关。)”可知，智能手机使用出现问题与较差 的心理健康有关。故选 D。 【67 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The quality of the evidence is poor, but it is enough to warrant (保证) further investigation.( 虽然证据的质量不高，但足以让我们进行进一步 的调查。)”可推断，本研究仍有一定的局限性。故选 D。 【68 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第十四段“Dr Amy Orben, an expert in screen time at the University of Cambridge, raised concerns, noting that the definition of problematic internet use varied considerably across studies, and the measures used were questioned.( 剑 桥大学研究屏幕时间的专家 Amy Orben 博士对此表示担忧。她指出，不同研究对“问题网络 使用”的定义存在很大差异，所采用的衡量方法也存在疑问。)”可以推断出，Amy Orben 博 士对研究的结果的态度是怀疑的。故选 C。 - 29 - 【69 题详解】 句意猜测题。根据第十七段“One of the most critical things for parents to consider is whether screen time is having a harmful impact on other activities like school, relationships or other interests. “家长需要考虑的最重要的事情之一是，屏幕时间是 否会对其他活动，如学校、人际关系或其他兴趣产生有害影响。”提示可知，家长要监控孩 子使用屏幕时间。所以划线句句意为：屏幕时间对父母来说是一个新的挑战。故选 A。 【70 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““While screen time is a new problem, part of the solution is tried and tested-open and regular conversations based on respect and trust,” he said.”可知，Viner 认为，虽然屏幕时间是个新问题，但父母要与孩子基于尊重和信任的开 放和定期对话。从而可以推断出，父母要与孩子真诚交流。故选 C。 第Ⅱ卷 (两部分 共 35 分) 第四部分 任务型阅读 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意:每个空格只填 1 个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。 Success Takes Focus You can have a strong desire and really want to achieve your goal but as you’ve experienced, life has its way of knocking us off course. Things come up, and distractions occur. Success takes a lot of focus. You’ve had the experience of setting a goal and being really excited about achieving it only to have a few weeks or months to go by and realize the goal has dropped down on your list of priorities. People often get easily side tracked. This doesn’t just happen all at once. You get off track just little by little until one day, you realize you’re completely off track. Keeping your mind focused on your goal can be a constant battle because everything around you is trying to get your attention. It will be your job to keep your goal up high on your priorities list. So what can you do to keep your focus? There are several things you can try. You can write down your goal and read it each morning and night. You can visualize achieving your goal daily. - 30 - One of my favorite methods of keeping focused on a goal is to constantly ask myself, “Is what I’m doing right now bringing me closer to my goal or further away?” Once you answer that question, you’ll know what to do. You can make sure that your daily to-do list includes doing something that will take you closer to your goal. If you look back at the goals you’ve tried to achieve and realized you haven’t achieved any of your major goals, it may be time to just focus on a single goal. This way, all of your energy and focus can be put towards obtaining that one goal which will increase your chances of getting it. It’s a lot better to just achieve one major goal than to work on a dozen and achieve none of them. Remember that you’re human and because of this, you’ll make some errors in judgment. Instead of beating yourself up, just be aware that certain things can take your focus away from your goals. Once you’re aware of these things, you can actively reduce the amount of time they take your focus off your goals. Distractions are like gravity. It’s going to cause us all to fall every now and then. The important thing is that we bounce back up every time we fall. Get your focus back on your goal when you start to realize it’s drifting somewhere else. Passage outline Supporting details A common phenomenon Achieving your goal requires much ___71___, but distractions are a barrier to your success. The way it happens Getting side tracked is a ___72___ process, and you have to battle against getting off track ___73___. ___74___ on solving the problem ◆You can ___75___ yourself of your goal by writing it down, reading it every morning and imagining achieving it. ◆ Make sure what you do helps you get ___76___ to your goal. ◆ Focusing on a single goal makes you more ___77___ - 31 - to achieve it. ◆ Don’t blame yourself, as it is ___78___ for humans to make wrong judgement. ◆ Accept the fact that distractions are ___79___ to happen and try to reduce the time of getting distracted. Summary Distractions can be compared to ____80____ causing us all to fall often, in which case we should bounce back to our goal timely. 【答案】71. focus/ concentration 72. gradual 73. constantly/continuously 74. Suggestions/Tips/Advice 75. remind 76. closer 77. likely 78. common/natural 79. sure/ certain/ bound/ guaranteed 80. gravity 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。成功需要专注。文章主要介绍了分心现象和一些相关建议。 【71 题详解】 原词重现题。根据文章第二段第一句“Success takes a lot of focus.”可知，成功需要投 入很多的集中力。故填 focus/concentration。 【72 题详解】 理解概括题。根据文章第三段第二句“You get off track just little by little until one day, you realize you’re completely off track.”可知，离开常规的轨迹是日复一日的 也就是一个渐渐的过程。故填 gradual。 【73 题详解】 - 32 - 原词重现题。根据文章第三段第三行“Keeping your mind focused on your goal can be a constant battle because everything around you is trying to get your attention.” 可知，防止自己的思维被分散注意力是一场持久战。需要将形容词 constant 转副词。故填 constantly/continuously。 【74 题详解】 理解概括题。结合下文在说加强集中注意力的方法，也就是建议，结合题干的 on。故填 Advice/Tips/Suggestions。 【75 题详解】 理解概括题。根据文章第四段在说要将目标和行动写下来使得它们可视化，这就是一种提醒 自己的行为。固定搭配 remind …of …表“提醒……”。故填 remind。 【76 题详解】 原词重现题。根据文章第五段最后一句“You can make sure that your daily to-do list includes doing something that will take you closer to your goal.”可知，确保所做 的事情让你离你的目标更接近。故填 closer。 【77 题详解】 理解概括题。根据文章第六段第三行“This way, all of your energy and focus can be put towards obtaining that one goal which will increase your chances of getting it.” 可知，集中一个目标提升了成功的可能性。固定搭配 be likely to 表“有可能……”。故填 likely。 【78 题详解】 理解概括题。结合第七段第一句“Remember that you’re human and because of this, you’ll make some errors in judgment.”可知，作为一个人做出错误的判断也是很自然正 常的事。故填 common/natural。 【79 题详解】 理解概括题。根据文章第七段第二句“Instead of beating yourself up, just be aware that certain things can take your focus away from your goals.”可知，人是一定会出现分 心现象的，结合题干的 to，故填 sure/ certain/ bound/ guaranteed。 【80 题详解】 原词重现题。根据文章第八段第一句“Distractions are like gravity.”可知，分心就如 同重力，故填 gravity。 - 33 - 第五部分 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 81. 请阅读下面文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。 The ministry of Human Resources and Social Security released a list of 100 professions that have major demand. Vacancies for sales positions, cashiers, restaurant waiters and security guards topped the list, followed by manufacturing professionals, including lathe (车床) operators, welders (电焊工) and porters, according to the ministry. “Usually, we believe that sectors closely related to high technology face the toughest situation,” said Yin Baoming, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Labor and Social Security. “But it’s the same with low-killed jobs. They are also key.” Lin Qing, a 23-year-old from Jiangsu province, who worked as a receptionist for a cybercafe in Beijing, quit last year and is now studying for the test to get into a vocational college. ”I felt hopeless after working for the cybercafe for almost three years,” she said. “I worked for restaurants and cafes, but none of these jobs brought me any respect or sense of dignity. I want to learn some skills through training courses. I don’t want to live a life of hard physical work anymore.” 【写作内容】 1. 用约 30 个单词概述上述信息的主要内容； 2. 结合上述信息，简要分析低技能工人短缺的原因； 3. 根据你的分析，谈谈解决低技能工人短缺的途径和方法。 - 34 - 【写作要求】 1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句； 2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 不必写标题。 【评分标准】 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There’s a serious shortage of labor for low-skilled positions. When it comes to their career interest tendency, the vast majority of students choose professions like an engineer over the job as a worker. The following reasons can account for this phenomenon. Firstly, some parents are reluctant to let their children take jobs that require physical strength but low skills. Secondly, the younger generation themselves show unwillingness to work at such positions, which are often in poor conditions with low salaries. Thirdly, the low prestige that comes with such jobs also discourages job-seekers. Therefore, it’s important to improve working environments and salaries to attract more workers. Besides, both the government and companies should make efforts to promote skills training, which will help ease the problem. Most importantly, everyone should keep in mind that no matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and deserves our due respect. 【解析】 【分析】 本书面表达属于读写任务写作。考生先要概括文字及图表的内容，然后分析问题的原因，最 后写出解决问题的途径和方法。 - 35 - 【详解】本书面表达属于读写任务写作。动笔前，首先要认真阅读原文，并理解其内容。其 次，认真看清题目要求，在稿子上列出提纲。最后，根据要求写出文章。这篇书面表达写作 内容：1. 用约 30 个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；2. 结合上述信息，简要分析低技能工人 短缺的原因；3. 根据你的分析，谈谈解决低技能工人短缺的途径和方法。写作的时候，要按 照要点去表达，不能有遗漏，要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量 使用自己会的单词、词组和句型，同时也要注意使用一些高级语法和句型，使自己的文章更 有文采。 【点睛】本篇读写任务写作要点概括齐全，重点突出，层次分明，同时文中使用高级句子。 Firstly, some parents are reluctant to let their children take jobs that require physical strength but low skills.和 Secondly, the younger generation themselves show unwillingness to work at such positions, which are often in poor conditions with low salaries.和 Besides, both the government and companies should make efforts to promote skills training, which will help ease the problem. 三 处 定 语 从 句 的 运 用 ， Most importantly, everyone should keep in mind that no matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and deserves our due respect.名词性从句和状语从句的运用等 为文章增色添彩。 - 36 -