【英语】2020届高考二轮复习英语语法填空特训学案：15

【英语】2020届高考二轮复习英语语法填空特训学案：15

专题九《七选五议论、应用类》‎ ‎（90分钟 100分）‎ 考点01：冠词 3颗星 考点03：介词和介词短语 2颗星 考点04: 名词 3颗星 ‎ 考点05：主谓一致 5颗星 考点06：形容词和副词 5颗星 考点08：非谓语动词 5颗星 考点09：动词的时态和语态 5颗星 考点10：定语从句 3颗星 考点11 名词性从句 3颗星 考点12 并列连词 4颗星 考点25：七选五议论文 5颗星 考点26：七选五应用文 5颗星 ‎ ‎ 一、七选五 ‎1    Building healthy friendships is an important part of your social life. Your friends can have a major influence on how you think, feel, and behave. But how to choose right friends? Here are some useful ways.‎ ‎    1. Make sure your friends offer emotional support and guidance.‎ ‎    Good friends will be willing to support you, through your high points and your low points. Your friends should offer to support you during any difficult times. ①        ‎ ‎    2. Determine if you have a good balance of giving and taking.‎ ‎    Good friendships also have a good balance of giving and taking, where you feel mutually supported. ②        You do not feel you are giving or taking more than the other person.‎ ‎    3. Decide if your friends bring out the best in you.‎ ‎    Your friends should also encourage you to develop into the best version of yourself you can be. They should help you focus on how you can be yourself and achieve your goals. For example, maybe you are determined to get into medical school. Your friends may encourage you by asking about your studies and by helping you prepare your applications. ③        And celebrate you when you get into school.‎ ‎    4. Determine if you can communicate effectively with your friends. ‎ ‎    ④        You can share your thoughts and feelings without limits. You should be able to be yourself around your friends and feel you can share your opinions with them.‎ ‎    5. ⑤        ‎ ‎    Good friendships are built on mutual respect and mutual trust. You should feel you can trust your friends. Good friends will stand up for you and support you. You should also develop respect for your friends. Though you may not share all the same interests or preferences, you should still respect their choices.‎ A. Focus on making friends in person, rather than just online.‎ B. They may also help you relieve the stress of the applications.‎ C. They may also offer guidance and advice when you need it.‎ D. Consider if you trust and respect your friends.‎ E. You may volunteer with a group of people who are all supporting a cause.‎ F. You may develop friendships where there is a balance of giving and taking.‎ G. Another key aspect of a good friendship is positive communication.‎ ‎2How to Stay Positive ‎    There are two ways to live your life. One is as though nothing is a miracle (奇迹). The other is as though everything is a miracle. If you choose to be positive, these ideas can be helpful.‎ ‎    ♦ ①         ‎ ‎    Who in your life seems filled with positivity? Who inspires and challenges you to up your game? Consciously build a network of people who motivate you to be your best, and then spend your time with them. Be that source of light for others, too.‎ ‎    ♦ Feed yourself with positivity.‎ ‎    ②         Similarly, how you fuel yourself will determine your experience as well. Read inspiring books. Watch encouraging movies. Follow positive people on social media. You can also create a physical environment of positivity.‎ ‎    ♦ Focus on what you can control.‎ ‎    So much is out of our hands, isn’t it? ③         Determine what you can control and put your energy there. For example, you can control your responses, actions, words, and thoughts]; you can be the change you wish to see in the world. You have more power than you realize. ④         ‎ ‎    ♦ Watch your vocabulary.‎ ‎    Mother Teresa declined participation in an anti-war meet. When asked why, she replied that she did not want to give any attention to war, but she’d gladly participate in a pro-peace meet. ⑤         They can help you mend broken hearts and reach amazing goals.‎ ‎    Continue to feed that positive world—like Einstein said, living as though everything is a miracle—and watch life change accordingly.‎ A. Pay attention to your words.‎ B. Seek advice from positive and active people.‎ C. Surround yourself with positive people.‎ D. Focusing on that, however, can leave you feeling helpless.‎ E. And when you keep your focus there, that power expands.‎ F. Putting poor quality gas in your car will not help it run at best performance.‎ G. If you focus on that change, and then everything will change for the better.‎ ‎3.根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The Art of Slow Reading ‎    If you are reading this article in print, chances are that you will only get through half of what I have written. And if you are reading this online, you may not even finish a fifth. ① __________They suggest that many of us no longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion.‎ ‎    So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we need to process and understand textual information. Round-the-clock news makes us read from one article to the next without necessarily engaging fully with any of the content. Our reading is frequently interrupted by the noise of the latest email and we are now absorbing short bursts of words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts. ②__________But we are gradually forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the facts to each other.‎ ‎     ③__________A desperate bunch of academics want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement with printed texts, and the ability to process them fully. What’s to be done then?  Most slow readers realize that total rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic. They feel that getaway from technology for a while is the answer. ④__________‎ ‎    Personally, I’m not sure whether I could ever go offline for long. Even while writing this article, I am switching constantly between sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little. Internet reading has become too rooted in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDFs. I suspect that many readers are in a similar position. ⑤__________You can download a computer application called Freedom, which allows you to read in peace by cutting off your Internet connection. Or if you want to avoid being disturbed by the Internet, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If you’re still reading my article, that is slow reading. ‎ A. The Internet is probably part of the problem.‎ B. Now some campaigns are advocating slow reading.‎ C. These are the two findings from the recent research projects.‎ D. But if you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand.‎ E. Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.‎ F. Slow reading can help connect a reader to neighborhood and become popular.‎ G. Because of the Internet, we have become very good at collecting information.‎ ‎4.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎    Lazy people will never achieve anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.‎ ‎    ①__________. Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency(倾向) to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.‎ ‎    Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more protective approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. ②__________‎ ‎    Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child to promote responsibility. ③__________‎ ‎    ④__________ Spouses(配偶) and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. To fight household laziness, lead by example. Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.‎ ‎    ⑤__________ enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.‎ A.Knowing how to fight laziness is important.‎ B.Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.‎ C.Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.‎ D.Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home.‎ E.Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.‎ F.With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.‎ G.One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep 二、语法填空 ‎5.    Language is always changing. In a society ① __________life continues year after year with few changes, the language does not change either. The earliest known languages had difficult grammar  ②__________a small, limited vocabulary. Over the century, the grammar changed, and the vocabulary grew. For example, the English and Spanish people who came to America during the ③__________(sixteen) centurygave names to all the new plants and animals they④__________(find). In this way, hundreds of new words ⑤__________(introduce) into English and Spanish vocabularies. Today life ⑥__________(change) very fast, and language is changing fast too.‎ ‎    There ⑦__________(be) several major language families in the world. Some scientists say there are nine main families, but other scientists divide them ⑧__________(different). The languages in each family are connected, and scientists think it is the same parent language ⑨__________they came from. About 3 percent of the people in the world speak languages ⑩__________are not in these major families.‎ ‎6    A long time ago, there was a huge apple tree. A little boy came and ①         (lie) under it every day. He would climb to the tree top, eat the apples, and take a nap in the shade. He loved the tree and the tree loved to play ②        him.‎ ‎    In the ③         (follow) years, the boy came and cut the branches to build a house, used the trunk on  ④         he used to climb to make a boat and then never showed up for a long time.‎ ‎    Finally, the boy returned. “Sorry, my boy,⑤         I don’t have anything for you anymore. No more ⑥         (apple) for you...” The tree said. “I don’t have teeth ⑦         (bite),” the boy replied.“No more trunk for you to climb on. “I am too old for that now,” the boy said. “I really can’t give you anything... the only thing ⑧        (leave) is my dying roots,” the tree said with tears. “I don’t need much now,just a place to rest. I’m ⑨         (tire) after all these years,” the boy replied. “Good! Old tree roots are ⑩         best place to lean on and rest. Come, come, sit down with me and rest.” The boy sat down and the tree was glad,smiling with tears.‎ ‎7    Two businessmen ①         (fly) to Australia to play in a weekend golf match. Their team won and they both received green jackets.②         their last night in Australia, they stayed up late drinking beer. They were still drunk in the morning,③         they drove their rented car to the airport. The road was empty. Suddenly, something jumped in front of the car. The driver couldn’t stop in time and the car hit it.‎ ‎    The men got out of the car and found a large kangaroo ④         (lie) on the road. The drunken men began to laugh and decided to take some ⑤         (photo) with the “dead” kangaroo. One of the men decided to put the jacket on the kangaroo. So they dressed the poor kangaroo in a green jacket. Then they posed with it for some photos. Suddenly, something ⑥         (amaze) happened. The kangaroo opened its eyes. It was not dead. But it was very ⑦         (anger). The kangaroo hit the two men and knocked them out. Then it ran ⑧         In the kangaroo’s new green jacket ⑨         (be) the car keys,a passport,and the air tickets.‎ ‎    Later that day, a motorist phoned the police. “You’re not going to believe this,” he said. “But a kangaroo in a green golf jacket is ⑩         (run) along the road to the airport.” The police finally found out the whole story, and they punished the two drunken men.‎ ‎参考答案 ‎ ‎ 一、七选五 答案： C; F; B; G; D 答案： C; F; D; E; A ‎3.答案：C; G; B; E; D ‎4.答案：G; B; C; D; E 二、语法填空 ‎5.答案：where; but; sixteen; had found/found; were introduced; is changing; are; differently; that; that/which 解析：1.考查定语从句。‎ ‎2.考查连词。根据上下文判断为转折关系。‎ ‎3.考查序数词。此处根据定冠词the判断为序数词形式。‎ ‎4.考查时态。根据前文可知用一般过去时态或者过去完成时态。‎ ‎5.考查时态和语态。根据前后文可知是过去时间,且表示被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎6.考查时态。根据后文and language is changing fast too可知。‎ ‎7.考查there be结构。‎ ‎8.考查副词。此处为副词修饰divide。‎ ‎9.考查强调句型。‎ ‎10.考查定语从句。修饰先行词languages,从句中缺少主语,故用that或which。‎ 答案： lay; with; following; which; but; apples; to bite; left; tired; the 答案： flew; On; but; lying; photos; amazing; angry; away; were; running