吉林双辽市 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（三）

吉林双辽市 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（三）

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 吉林双辽市 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（三） 阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2013·东北三省三校第二次联考，C) UGG boots have been a winterweather fashion for several years now, combining function, comfort, warmth and even some style. What many UGGenthusiasts don't know is that their boots are a breeding ground for bacteria and cause foot problems. Doctors believe the boots, which are particularly popular among young teenage girls, are leading to a rise in the number of people suffering pains in their feet and knees. Dr. Ian Drysdale, head of the British College of Osteopathic Medicine, believes because the foot does not get the proper support on the inside, it will lead to more ankle, knee, hip and back problems. “These boots are not designed for outside wear. Just because something becomes a trend or fashionable doesn't mean it's good or right，” he said. “The particular problem with this type of footwear is that it is unsupported. It's a slipper. You wouldn't normally expect to be doing outdoor activities from something that's indoor. If you decide to wear your pajamas outside all the time, someone will come up and say it's not a good idea.” Dr. Drysdale explained that the feet issues become a particular problem among young teenage girls, whose bones are “plastic” and developing when they are growing. “If that structure is developing in an inappropriate way，” he said，“then the ultimate structure will be deformed.” Mike O'Neill, a consultant surgeon, said，“As the foot slides around, you get wear and tear (磨损) on the joints on the inside of the foot. The ankle is in the wrong position, the thigh bone also changes position, and you get an abnormal movement in the pelvis, which leads to back problems.” UGG Australia, who makes the designer version of the boots, told The Daily Wirror that their boots are “comfort” rather than “performance” footwear and consumers should be aware of “knockoffs (仿制品)” which lack reinforced heels in their boots. 文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了雪地靴因它的时尚、舒适、保暖等特性而备受年轻女孩的 青睐。但研究人员发现，在它时尚的外观背后，隐藏着一些不为人知的健康隐患。 1．Teenage girls prefer to wear UGG boots because of the following EXCEPT ________. A．design B．comfort C．quality D．warmth 答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“... combining function, comfort, warmth and even some style.”可知，A、B、D 三项都是年轻女孩喜欢雪地靴的原因。故 C 项正确。 2．According to Dr. Ian Drysdale, ________. A．there is a possibility that bacteria will multiply in UGG boots B．wearing UGG boots will lead to more ankle and toe problems 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 C．it's not a good idea to wear boots like UGG outside all the time D．teenage girls' bones are plastic enough to wear UGG boots 答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“‘These boots are not designed for outside wear. Just because something becomes a trend or fashionable doesn't mean it's good or right，’ he said. ‘The particular problem with this type of footwear is that it is unsupported.’”可知，C 项正确。 3．The underlined word “deformed” is closest in meaning to ________. A．shaped B．strengthened C．reformed D．damaged 答案：D 词义猜测题。由语境可知，年轻女孩子的骨头正在发育，具有一定的可塑性。如果骨骼结构 以一种不合适的方式发育的话，骨骼就会损伤，发生变形。shaped 合适的，有计划的；strengthened 使加 强的；reformed 革新的；damaged 损伤的，毁坏的。此处与倒数第二段中“back problems”相照应。故 D 项正确。 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Potential Harm of UGG Boots B．The Popularity of UGG Boots C．The Unique Design of UGG Boots D．Benefits of UGG Boots 答案：A 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了雪地靴对年轻女孩生长发育过程中所造成的潜 在危害。故 A 项正确。 科普知识（阅读理解） 由 (2013 浙江宁波高三上期末)改编 The heat engine is certainly one of the most important devices that man ever invented.In its simplest meaning,the heat engine is a device that transforms heat energy into other forms of energy,such as mechanical and electrical energy.A great majority of the engines used today lie under the contributions that the heat engine made in the fields of industry,transportation,and the production of electricity gives us a deeper and more detailed look at the importance of heat engines. The heat engine had a great role in the Industrial Revolution of the nineteenth century. Scientists developed machines,based on heat engines,which could increase the amount of goods produced,and at the same time,decrease the amount of time and money consumed.The manufactured goods became affordable to almost everyone,and they were not a luxury any more.After the 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 introduction of the heat engine in the industrial field,the concept of mass production was first realized,and industry boomed as never before. Through history man has always tried to invent efficient means of transportation.However,it was not until the invention of the heat engine that this became possible.A new era replaced the old era of animal-powered transportation,an era whose characteristics were speed and comfort. The train was the first means of transportation that used the heat engine,and it introduced new horizons of long-distance traveling.However,there was another machine that replaced the horse as a personal means of transportation.It was called the car,and it also used the heat engine.The achievements of the car in a few decades wiped out centuries of horse transportation. Scientists realized the importance of electricity since the day it was discovered. Unfortunately,electricity was not available in nature for direct use.Scientists had to come up with ways of producing it.Here again,the heat engine was used to produce mechanical energy,which in turn can produce electricity.Today,many power-producing stations all over the world still use heat engines.They use coal or fuel oil to evaporate water,then the steam is used to turn a turbine which can produce electricity. In conclusion,heat engines proved to be one of the most important inventions.It is enough to observe the importance of industry,transportation,and electricity in our lives to know the importance of heat engines.Although the engines used today are quite different from the early ones,the same concept of changing heat into other kinds of energy is still used. 1.What is the passage mainly about?( ) A.The importance of electricity. B.The importance of heat energy. C.The importance of the heat engine. D.The importance of means of transportation. 2.The underlined word “transforms” in Para.1 can be best replaced by . A.changes B.divides C.adapts D.breaks 3.Which of the following is TRUE after the scientist used heat engine in industry?( ) A.Heat engines greatly promoted industry. B.More money and less time were spent in producing goods. C.Manufactured goods decreased a lot because of mass production. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 D.The invention of the heat engine resulted in the invention of electricity. 4.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?( ) A.The animal-powered transportation was slow but comfortable. B.The heat engine is the greatest invention ever in the history of industry. C.The car is a means of personal transportation that is based on the heat engine. D.Before the invention of the heat engine,the animal was the only means of transportation. 语篇解读:本文讲述了一项重要发明“热力发动机”的重要性和为人类所做出的贡献。 答案及剖析:1.C 主旨大意题。由全文内容尤其是最后一段的 In conclusion,heat engines proved to be one of the most important inventions...可知,本文主要是关于热力发动机自发明以来在很多方面所 起的重要作用,故选 C 项。 2.A 词义猜测题。由第一段关于热力发动机的定义...the heat engine is a device that transforms heat energy into other forms of energy,such as mechanical and electrical energy 可知,热力发动 机就是把热能转化成如机械能和电能的一种设备,故选 A 项。 3.A 细节理解题。由第二段的 Scientists developed machines,based on heat engines,which could increase the amount of goods produced,and at the same time,decrease the amount of time and money consumed...可知,机器的使用提高了产量,减少了生产时间和劳动成本,故 A 项正确。其他三项与文章内容 不符。 4.C 推理判断题。由第四段的...It was called the car,and it also used the heat engine 可知 C 项正确。由第三段的 A new era replaced the old era of animal-powered transportation,an era whose characteristics were speed and comfort 可排除 A 项;由文章的首句和最后一段的第一句话可排除 B 项; 由第三段的...animal-powered...可排除 D 项。 【疑难词汇解读】 1.decrease v.&n.降低;下降,减少 The number of the workers in that factory is decreasing. 那家工厂的工人的数量在下降。 2.affordable adj.付得起的 Now houses are affordable to most people. 现在多数人都能买得起房子。 【长难句子分析】 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 以热力发动机为基础,科学家们制造了机器,这大大提高产品数量的同时也降低了生产所需要的时间和成 本。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 Dubai boasts(夸口) that it has just built a “new global landmark”---the Dubai Tower, which stands 512.1 meters high now and has just become the tallest building in the world. The Dubai Tower now surpasses Taiwan’s Taipei 101, which is 508 meters tall, and has 141 storeys, more than any other building in the world. The Dubai Tower, being built by South Korea’s Samsung Corporation and scheduled for completion next year, is one of a series of great projects taking shape in Dubai. The final projected height of the tower has remained a secret since the project was launched in January 2004; however, it is rumored that the tower will be more than 700 meters tall and have more than 160 storeys. The Dubai Tower has become the tallest building in the world in just 1,276 days, leaving behind other tall buildings. The Dubai Tower will house 30,000 apartments in addition to the world’s largest shopping mall. It is the centerpiece(重要工程) of the 20-billion-dollar venture. Another venture gradually emerging across the desert sands is Dubailand, a series of multi-billion-dollar projects claimed to be the Middle East’s very own Orlando. Dubai also paid 100 million dollars to buy the Queen Elizabeth II, one of the world’s superb cruise liners(游轮), which it plans to turn into a luxury floating hotel. Faced with decreasing oil wealth, the Western-oriented emirate(酋长国) has raced to turn itself into a business and leisure hub and it aims to more than double the number of tourists to 15 million by 2015. 63. The underlined word “surpasses” in the second paragraph means____. A. is equal to B. matches C. is left behind by D. is higher than 64. Which building was the tallest in the world before the Dubai Tower began to be built? A. Dubai land B. Orlando C. Taiwan’s Taipei 101 D. The Twin Towers 65. Why has the Western-oriented emirate paid more attention to becoming a business and leisure center? A. Because it wants to attract more tourists to its places of interest. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 B. Because it produces less oil than ever. C. Because it aims to race with other countries to show its wealth. D. Because it wants to set a new world record. 66. Which of the following statements about the Dubai Tower is TRUE according the passage ? A. The Dubai Tower is 508 meters tall and has more than 141 storeys.[ B. The final height of the Dubai Tower is over 700 meters tall. C. Samsung Corporation has completed building the Dubai Tower. D. The Dubai Tower has apartments and a shopping mall. 【参考答案】63-66 DCBD 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is a plague that man receives. The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated Arctic regions, explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contract again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes. During the First World War, soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches, cold and wet, seldom caught colds. In the Second World War, prisoners at Auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starved, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose. If then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in winter? Despite the most hard research, no one has yet found out the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and that makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on. No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain-killers such as aspirin, 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 but all that they do is to relieve the symptoms. 67. The writer offered ___ examples to support his argument. A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 3 68. Arctic explorers may catch colds when___. A. they are working in the isolated Arctic regions B. they are writing reports in terribly cold weather C. they are free from work in the isolated Arctic regions D. they are coming into touch again with the outside world 69. Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit___. A. suffered a lot B. never caught colds C. often caught colds D. became very strong 70 . The passage mainly discusses___. A. the experiments on the common cold B. the fallacy about the common cold C. the reason and the way people catch colds D. the continued spread of common colds 【答案】 67-70 BDAC