【英语】2018届人教版选修6一轮复习Unit4Globalwarming单元学案设计（28页含详细解析）

【英语】2018届人教版选修6一轮复习Unit4Globalwarming单元学案设计（28页含详细解析）

2018 届人教版选修 6 一轮复习 Unit 4Global warming 单元学案设计 　单元话题写作指导第二层级——背句子、学衔接，让作文字顺意畅 1．I still remember the day last term when I lost my glasses. 我仍记得上学期我丢掉眼镜的那天。 2．I can’t see anything without my glasses. 没有眼镜我看不见任何东西。 3．One rainy afternoon, I came to the school library, hoping to kill time. 一个雨天的下午，我去图书馆消磨时间。 4 ． I left my glasses on the desk and found the library was closed when I returned. 结果我把眼镜落在桌子上，当我返回时图书馆关门了。 5．My headteacher told me to put up a notice outside the lost and found office. 班主任告诉我在失物招领处外面贴张寻物启事。 6．Some of my classmates even put up a notice on their backs. 一些同学甚至在他们的背上贴上了启示。 1.使用定语从句连接 1、2 句 I_still_remember_the_day_last_term_when_I_lost_my_glasses,_without_which_ I_can’t_see_anything. 2．使用非谓语动词连接 3、4 句 One_rainy_afternoon,_I_came_to_the_school_library,_hoping_to_kill_time,_onl y_to_leave_my_glasses_on_the_desk_and_find_the_library_was_closed_when_I_ret urned. 3．使用 not only ...but also 连接 5、6 句 Not_only_did_my_headteacher_tell_me_to_put_up_a_notice_outside_the_lost_a nd_found_office,_but_also_some_of_my_classmates_even_put_up_a_notice_on_thei r_backs. 选用“a short while later, one rainy afternoon, the next day, from this experience, on the other hand”过渡词语衔接成文。 I still remember the day last term when I lost my glasses, without which I can’t see anything. One_rainy_afternoon,_I came to the school library, hoping to kill time, only to leave my glasses on the desk and find the library was closed when I returned.The_next_day when I went back to the library, I found they were gone.I was very worried.Not only did my headteacher tell me to put up a notice outside the lost and found office but also some of my classmates even put up a notice on their backs reading that whoever found and returned the glasses would receive a special gift.A_short_while_later,_a teacher in the office called me and told me the good news.I eventually found my “two windows”．No one could tell how delighted I was at that time. From_this_experience,_I learned that on the one hand, I should be careful enough in future, on_the_other_hand，“Many hands make light work”． 单元知识课前搜索 (Ⅰ)单词拼写 1．Most Americans advocate (提倡) the spirit of social service and voluntary contribution. 2．According to a recent survey, the average (平均的) age of the boys in this school is sixteen. 3．The employment problem tends to be a common phenomenon (现象) in a lot of countries. 4．He was not listening and made a random (任意的) answer to the teacher’s question. 5．If you are serious about our relationship, you should make a commitment (承 诺)． 6 ． He is the manager; hiring and firing are within the range ( 范 围 ) of his responsibilities. 7．There is a widespread (广泛的) belief that the company is in financial trouble. 8．Of course, our company is more concerned with quality than quantity (数 量)． (Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist)． 2．They secretly built up a small factory which could cause air pollution (pollute)． 3．There is considerable disagreement (disagree) between them about how to deal with this problem. 4．Most company bosses say they are opposed (oppose) to employees working a lot of overtime. 5．Under no circumstances (circumstance) should you lend him any money. (Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．They contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees (难民) and their contributions will certainly help the refugees live through the winter. (contribute) 2．It was stated that the president made a_statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state) (Ⅰ)写出下列短语 1．come_about　　　　　 发生；造成 2．subscribe_to 同意；赞成；订购 3．quantities_of 大量的 4．go_up 上升；增长；升起 5．result_in 导致 6．be_opposed_to 反对…… 7．and_so_on 等等 8．keep_on 继续 9．on_the_whole 大体上；基本上 10．on_behalf_of 代表……一方；作为……的代言人 11．put_up_with 忍受；容忍 12．so_long_as 只要 (Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 1．Since he is so important a figure, nobody can be on_behalf_of him. 2．He is strongly opposed_to the plan that a chemical factory will be set up along the river. 3．The treatment is so unfair that I can’t put_up_with it. 4 ． The oil price has_gone_up again and many car owners begin to complain again. 5．Please keep_on doing what you are doing now. 6．The farm grows various kinds of crops, such as wheat, corn, cotton and_so_on. 7．Stress and tiredness often result_in a lack of concentration. 8 ． Bessie has always subscribed_to the view that children should be given responsibility from an early age. 9．How does it come_about that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary? 10．On_the_whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern. 1．There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 毫无疑问，地球正在变暖。而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非是一种无 规律的自然现象。 [解读]　There is no doubt that ...“毫无疑问……”，that 引导同位语从句。 [仿写]　毫无疑问，杰克是一个勤奋的学生。 There_is_no_doubt that Jack is a diligent student. 2．Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在未来几十年或几个世 纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。 [解读]　even if “即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 [仿写]　即使孩子们的意见与你的不同，允许他们发表自己的观点。 Allow the children to voice their opinions, even_if_they_are_different_from yours. 3．It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it — if not, turn it off! 只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！ [解读]　so long as ＝ as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。 [仿写]　只要我们不失去信心，继续努力，我们一定能克服困难，实现目标。 As_long_as_we_don’t_lose_heart and keep on trying, we are sure to get over difficulties, and achieve our aims. 单元分版块学案 一、常考词汇细点拨 1．quantity n．量；数量；大量 [教材原句]　The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 当我们向空气中排放大量多余的二氧化碳的时候，问题就开始了。 in quantity ＝ in large amounts　　　 大量；很多 a large/small quantity of 大量的/少量的 quantities of 大量；许多 ①As far as I’m concerned, it is quality rather than quantity that really matters. 就我个人而言，重要的是质量而不是数量。 ②He wants to buy the books in_quantity,_so the storekeeper will not charge him much. 他想大量购买这些书，因此店主不会要很多钱。 [名师指津]　(1)a quantity of 或 quantities of 后既可接可数名词也可接不可数 名词。 (2)“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而 “quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ③As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has covered the land. 由于破坏了森林，大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。 ④With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 随着更多的森林被毁，每年有大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 2．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 [经典例句]　She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.(牛津 P1209) 她仍然强烈反对移居国外。 (1)opposeError! 　 oppose sth. to/against sth. 　　　　　　　 使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗 (2)opposed adj. 相反的；对立的 be opposed to ... 反对……；与……对立 ①The parents strongly opposed their daughter going there alone. 父母极力反对女儿单独去那里。 ②The two countries both are opposed to military intervention in the Syrian crisis and are calling for a political solution to the issue. 这两个国家都反对军事干预叙利亚危机，呼吁政治解决问题。 ③Most of the students oppose having_classes on Sunday. 大部分学生反对星期天上课。 3．range n．种类；范围；幅度；界限 v.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列 [高考佳句]　In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.(2013·辽宁高考书面表 达) 除了这些传统活动外，我们有更广的选择，诸如旅游和走亲访友。 (1)a wide range of　　　　 一系列…… in/within range 在射程以内；在范围内 beyond/out of range 在射程外；在范围外 out of one’s range 某人能力达不到的 (2)range from ...to ... 在……范围内变动；包括(由……到……)之间的 各类事物 range between ...and ... 　 在……和……范围内变动 ①The price of the house is well beyond our range. 这栋房子的价格远远超过了我们能承受的范围。 ②He has a number of interests, ranging_from_playing chess to swimming. 他的爱好很多，从下棋到游泳。 4．average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n.平均数；平均水平；一 般水准 v.平均为；计算出……的平均数 [高考佳句]　Scientists believe the world’s average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900. (2012·四川高考阅读 E) 科学家认为自 1900 年以来，世界平均温度已经升高了约 0.8℃。 (1)an average of　　　　　　　 平均有(后跟数词) (2)on (the) average 平均起来 above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下 (3)average out 算出平均数 ①The Chinese economy has grown at a remarkable rate, averaging almost 10 percent every year. 中国经济以惊人的速度增长，每年平均增长率将近百分之十。 ②On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. 美国平均每年有 800 场龙卷风，导致约 80 人死亡，1 500 人受伤。 ③To their great joy, their son’s schoolwork is well above_average. 令他们高兴的是，他们儿子的学习成绩远远高于平均水平。 5．circumstance n．(pl)环境；情况 [经典例句]　Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.(牛津 P344) 在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。 in/under the circumstances　 在这种情况下；既然如此 in/under no circumstances　 决不；无论如何都不(置于句首时，句子倒装) ①Our circumstances are so desperate that it is uncertain whether we will ever return alive. 我们处于山穷水尽的境地，都不知道自己能不能活着回去。 ②My teacher always reminds me that under_no_circumstances should I abandon my learning goals once I set them.(2014·安徽师大附中模拟) 我的老师总是提醒我，一旦设定了学习目标，在任何情况下都不应该放弃。 二、间考词汇自识记 1．subscribe vi.同意；支持；捐赠；订阅 vt.签署(文件)结束；推断出 subscribe to　　　　 订阅……；预订……；同意…… subscribe ... to ... 在……上签署……；向……捐…… We applied for subscribing to some magazines useful for our work. The department manager subscribed to it and subscribed his name to the application form. 我们申请订阅几本对我们的工作有益的杂志，部门经理同意了这一请求，并 在申请表上签上了他的名字。 2．glance vi.看一下；瞥一眼；匆匆一看；扫视 n．一瞥；扫视 (1)glance at/over/through　 浏览；匆匆地看一眼 (2)at first glance 乍一看；乍看之下 take/show/throw a glance (at sb./sth.) (朝某人/某物)一瞥；看一眼 I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience. 我扫视了一下大厅，发现观众中有许多熟悉的面孔。 3．tend vi.趋向；易于 vt.照顾；护理 (1)tend to do sth.　　　 倾向做某事 tend to sth. 注意；易于 (2)tendency n. 倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向；往往会做某事 What is worse, some people even tend to send anonymous rude messages by email.(2013·安徽高考阅读 D) 更糟糕的是，有些人甚至倾向于用邮件发送匿名粗鲁短信。 4．consequence n．结果；后果；重要性 常用搭配： Error! ①He studied hard, and in consequence he passed the exam. 他努力学习，因此通过了考试。 ②In consequence of the long drought, the area is extremely short of water. 由于长期干旱，这个地区极端缺水。 ———————————————————————————————— ………………………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！) 请根据提示写出以“re­”为前缀的高频单词 1．refresh vt.　　　　 使恢复；使振作 2．replace vt. 替换；取代；更换；把……放回原处 3．resist vt. 抗拒；抵抗；抵御；忍住 vi. 抵抗；抵制；抗拒 4．restore vt. 恢复；使复原；使复位 5．return v. 返回；(使)恢复；送还 n. 返回；归还；回报 6．review vt. 重温；回顾；复习；审视 n. 复习；回顾；评论 —————————————————————————————— [单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.多项选择 1．(2014·湖北省部分重点中学高三调研)“The Voice of China”， the program which is the Chinese version of Dutch series “The Voice of Holland”， has become very popular for it provides audience with a wide __________ of music style that suit various tastes of music lovers. A．division B．area C．range D．circle 解析：选 C　考查名词辨析　句意：荷兰电视连续节目“荷兰好声音”的中 国版“中国好声音”节目变得非常火爆，因为它为观众提供了广泛的适合各种不 同音乐爱好者的音乐风格。range“范围”。division“划分”；area“区域”； circle“圆圈”。 2．I never forget the days when I was ________ by the villagers when I was wounded. A．tended B．observed C．advocated D．conducted 解析：选 A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远忘不了我受伤时被那些村民 照顾的日子。tend“照料；照顾；护理”，符合句意。observe“观察；遵守”； advocate“拥护；提倡；主张”；conduct“实行；实施；引导”。 3．(2014·襄阳调研)You ________ to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy, but I think it is just on the rise. A．appeal B．oppose C．subscribe D．respond 解析：选 C　句意：你同意她关于经济状况的悲观看法，但我认为经济在回 升。subscribe to“同意”；appeal to“吸引；呼吁；求助于”；oppose to“反对”； respond to“对……做出回应”。根据答语可知 C 项正确。 Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！) 1．average 面面观 (1)根据英汉提示完成小片段 在这次考试中有 90 个同学得到了满分，每个班级平均有 18 人。汤姆的成绩 在平均水平之上，而约翰的成绩在平均水平之下。 There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, an_average_of 18 students in each class. Tom’s was above_average while John’s was below_average. (2)(2014·黄冈中学月考)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a(n) ________ of 40,000 per year. A．average B．number C．amount D．quantity 解析：选 A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年考过驾照的考生人数达到了 20 万，平均每年 4 万。an average of“平均是”。其他三项均为“大量的”。 (3)With an ________ temperature much lower than big cities, the grasslands offer an escape from the summer heat. A．unusual B．extraordinary C．ordinary D．average 解析：选 D　句意：由于平均气温比大城市低许多，草原给人们提供了一个 避暑的好去处。average“平均的”，符合句意。unusual“不平常的；特殊的”； extraordinary“非同寻常的；特别的”；ordinary“平凡的；一般的”。 2．circumstance 多棱镜 (1)完成句子 ①In/Under_the_circumstances he felt unable to accept the job.(circumstance) 在这种情况下，他觉得无法接受这项工作。 ②Circumstances_permitting,_I'll go abroad to study.(circumstance) 情况允许的话，我会出国学习。 ③As is shown in the movie, under no circumstances should_you_lose_faith.(lose) 正如电影向我们展示的，无论在什么情况下，你都不应该失去信心。 (2)(2014·武昌区模拟)Under these ________， you might agree with us that it is rather difficult for your products to set foot in this market. A．situations B．circumstances C．cases D．conditions 解析：选 B　句意：在这种情况下，你们会同意我们的看法，你们的产品在 这个市场上很难立足。under these circumstances“在这种情况下”；其他三个词都 有“情况”的意思，但都不与 under 连用。 1．come about 发生；造成 [经典例句]　Can you tell me how the accident came about？(牛津 P386) 你能告诉我事故是怎么发生的吗？ ①How did it come about that you were absent from such an important meeting yesterday? 昨天你缺席了这么重要的会议，这是怎么回事？ [名师指津]　happen, occur, take place, break out 也有“发生”之意，该类词 汇不用于被动语态。 [辨析比较] come about, happen, take place, break out, occur 试一试　选择上述词语填空 ②Great changes have taken_place in Guangzhou since Asian Games. ③How did it come_about that he knew where we were? ④A fire broke_out during the night, which caused a lot of damage. ⑤Luckily the earthquake didn’t happen/occur in the center of the city. 辨一辨　 come about “发生；产生”，指要求解释或说明事情发生的理由 happen “发生”，常用词汇，指偶然的、意外的、具体客观事物的发生或出 现，尤其指自发的未能预见的事情的发生 take place “发生”，指事件或事故的发生是在预料中的并非是偶然的，进而引 申为按计划“进行；举行” break out 指战争、火灾、地震、疾病等的突然“发生、爆发” occur 多指意想不到的事情的发生，用作此意时一般不和 happen 换用 2．result in 导致 [教材原句]　They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. 他们也同意下述观点：正是由于越来越多的化石燃料的燃烧导致了二氧化碳 的增加。 result from ...　　　　　　 由……造成；因……而产生 as a result 结果 as a result of ... 由于……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费 ①As we know, with the development of economy, the number of cars is increasing very rapidly, thus resulting in some social problems.(2014·南京高三模拟) 众所周知，随着经济的发展，小汽车的数量在迅速增加，结果导致了诸多社 会问题。 ②However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress. 但是，人类的发展也产生了污染和其他严重的问题。 ③I often turn to my classmates or teachers for help. As_a_result,_I have made steady progress in my studies.(2011·安徽高考书面表达) 我经常向同学或老师求助，因此我在学习上稳步增长。 3．put up with 容忍；忍受 [教材原句]　We do not have to put up with pollution. 我们没有必要忍受污染。 put aside 　　　　　　 节省；储蓄；储存 put away 收起来 put forward 提出建议；把……向前拨 put off 延期；推迟 put out 熄灭；扑灭 put through 接通电话 put up 建造；张贴；供给……住宿 ①I’m not going to put up with your bad manners any longer. 我再也无法容忍你的无礼了。 ②We are trying to put aside some money every month for our vacation. 我们尽量每月存些钱供度假用。 ③He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting_up for the night at the hotel. 他决定开车回镇上，不在旅馆过夜。 [联想归纳] 表示“容忍；忍受”的词语还有哪些？ stand,_tolerate,_bear 等。 [链接高考] (2011·新课标全国卷)I can________the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean. A．come up with　　　　　　 B．put up with C．turn to D．stick to 解析：选 B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我 讨厌房间里脏。put up with“容忍；忍受”，符合句意。come up with“想出(办 法)”；turn to“转向；求助于”；stick to“坚持”。 [短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.句型转换 1．The reform has led to great changes in our country. →The reform has resulted in great changes in our country. 2．Any honest man will object to such a policy. →Any honest man will be opposed to such a policy. 3．In general, my opinion is the same as yours. →On the whole,_my opinion is the same as yours. 4．At the airport he stood for the association and read an address of welcome. →At the airport he read an address of welcome on behalf of the association. 5．I can’t stand her another day — she never stops complaining. →I can’t put up with her another day — she never stops complaining. Ⅱ.多项选择 1．(2014·武汉调研)He will have to find some other work, for he can’t ________ this loud noise any more. A．put up with　　　　　　　 B．come up with C．make up with D．keep up with 解析：选 A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：他将不得不再找别的工作，因为他 再也不能忍受这么大的噪音。put up with“忍受；忍耐”；come up with“提出； 想出”；make up with“和好；和解”；keep up with“和(朋友)保持联系”。故答案 为 A。 2．(2014·甘肃兰州、靖远模拟)True happiness does not ________ the possession of money, but the joy of achievement. A．bring in B．lie in C．result in D．take in 解析：选 B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：真正的幸福不在于对金钱的占有， 而在于成功的喜悦。根据句意可知应选 lie in，表示“在于”。bring in“引进”；result in“导致”；take in“接纳；吸收”。 3．How did it ________ that you made such a silly mistake？I myself haven’t figured it out yet. A．come out B．come about C．come across D．come on 解析：选 B　考查句型 How does/did it come about that ...？“……是怎么回 事？”。come out“出现；显现；发行”；come across “偶然碰到”；come on“加 油”。 4．(2014·荆州模拟)Eating too much fat and sugar can ________ heart disease and high blood pressure. A．add to B．attend to C．devote to D．contribute to 解析：选 D　句意：吃大量的脂肪与糖会导致心脏病与高血压。contribute to “导致；有助于”，符合句意。 add to“增加；增添”；attend to “照看”；devote to “奉献于”。 It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using it — if not, turn it off! 只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！ so/as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。 as long as 还可表示“与……一 样长”。 ①Don’t mind what others say so long as we are confident in what we have done.(2012·北京高考书面表达) 只要我们对所做的事情有信心就不要介意别人的话。 ②This line is four times as long as that one. 这条线是那条线的四倍长。 [辨析比较]　as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as 试一试　选择上述短语填空 ③We as_well_as Tom went to Hainan to spend our holiday. ④As_far_as I am concerned, I am strongly against the plan. ⑤A distant relative is not as_good_as a near neighbour. ⑥As_long_as I’d done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. 辨一辨　 短　语 原　意 引申义 as long as 与……一样长 只要 as well as 与……一样好 也；和 as far as 远及到…… 就而言；至于 as good as 与……一样好 几乎 [链接高考] (2012·江西高考改编)You can borrow my car as_long_as_you_promise_not_to drive too fast.(promise) 你可以借用我的车子只要你承诺不开车太快。 [句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 完成句子 1．(2014·黄冈调研)As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_boys who are addicted to online games are often very clever.(concern) 据我所知，沉迷网络游戏的男孩们都很聪明。 2 ． (2013· 鄂 州 市 高 三 期 末 )Senior 3 year is difficult.However, as/so_long_as_we_try_our_ best,_we're sure to achieve our dreams.(try) 高三是很辛苦的。但是，只要我们尽自己的最大努力，我们肯定能实现梦想。 3 ． Even_if/though_we_achieve great success in our work, we should not be conceited.(achieve) 即使我们在工作方面取得了巨大的成功，也不应该自满。 4．There_is_no_doubt that people wish that the house prices will fall sharply next year. (doubt) 毫无疑问，人们希望房价明年会急剧下降。 5 ． The teacher as well as all the students has_taken_the_opportunity_to have good rest, putting all the school work aside.(take) 老师和同学们都利用这个机会好好的休息了一次，把所有的功课都放到一边。 it 的用法(Ⅱ) 完成句子 1 ． (2014· 湖 北 适 应 性 考 试)It_is_only_if/when_you_realize/It_is_only_by_realizing the mistake that you will be able to find a solution to it.(realize) 只有意识到这个错误，你才能找到解决它的方法。 2 ． It was not_until_she_(had)_arrived_home_that she remembered the appointment with her doctor.(arrive) 直到她回到家才想起了和医生的预约。 3 ． (2014· 黄 冈 市 高 三 期 末 )It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that_contribute_to your success.(contribute) 正是你的努力，而不是你的聪明促成你的成功。 4．It is I, rather than anybody else, who/that_am_to_blame_for the failure in the examination. (blame) 是我，而非其他任何人，应该为这次考试失利负责。 5．People seemed to have forgotten how_many_years_ago_it_was that the power stations were built there.(how) 人们似乎已经忘了到底是多少年之前在那里建造了这些发电站。 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.多项选择 1．(2014·湖北省八校联考)In order to protect the environment of that tourist attraction, many experts have________banning cars there. A．concluded　　　　　　　　　 B．advocated C．multiplied D．believed 解析：选 B　考查动词辨析。句意：为保护旅游景区的环境，很多专家倡议 在那里禁止汽车(出入)。A 项意为“推断出；做出结论”；B 项意为“倡议拥护； 支持”；C 项意为“乘以；成倍增加”；D 项意为“相信”。根据语境可知，答案 应选 B 项。 2．(2014·黄冈市高三期末)In his absence, I would like to thank all those who are concerned about him on my brother’s ________. A．part B．behalf C．business D．interest 解析：选 B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我哥哥缺席的情况下，我代表他 感谢所有关心他的人。on sb.’s behalf 意为“代表某人”，符合句意。 3 ． (2014· 江 苏 四 校 联 考 )Drinking water, having a healthy diet and taking exercise are all positive ways to ________ you when you are working on a tight schedule. A．relieve B．refresh C．liberate D．comfort 解析：选 B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当日程安排紧张的时候，喝水、健 康饮食和锻炼都是恢复精力的好办法。relieve“缓解；减轻”；refresh“使恢复精 力；使感觉凉爽”；liberate“使解脱；使解放”；comfort“安慰”。根据句意可知， 应选 B 项。 4 ． The Prime Minister criticized some celebrities for their ________ attitude towards drugs and accused them of thinking they were “above the law”． A．informal B．casual C．positive D．immoral 解析：选 B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那位总理批评了一些名人对待毒 品无所谓的态度，并且指责他们自认为自己凌驾于法律之上。casual“漫不经心 的；无所谓的”，符合句意。 5．(2014·孝感调研)Billy Crystal hosted the Academy Awards again this year, and his talks always ________ the expectation of most audience. A．put up with B．end up with C．live up to D．add up to 解析：选 C　句意：比利·克里斯托今年又一次主持了奥斯卡奖，他的语言 总能满足大部分观众的期望。live up to“符合标准；不辜负”；put up with“忍 受”；end up with“以……告终”；add up to“共计”。根据 expectation 可知 C 项 正确。 6．(2014·武昌区调研)—Do you think that housing price will keep________ in the years to come? —Sorry, I have no idea. A．lifting up B．going up C．bringing up D．growing up 解析：选 B　句意：“你认为在接下来的几年里房价会持续上涨吗？”“对 不起，我不知道。” lift up “举起；抬起”；go up “上升；增长”；bring up “抚 养”；grow up “长大”。根据句意选 B。 7．(2014·咸宁调研)I ________ the idea of living a low­carbon life.It sounds tough, but it is a tendency. A．correspond to B．apply to C．cater to D．subscribe to 解析：选 D　句意：我支持过低碳生活的想法，这听起来困难，但是大势所 趋。subscribe to“支持”，符合句意。correspond to“与……相对应”；apply to“适 用于”；cater to“迎合”。 8．(2014·滨州模拟)Many houses were completely destroyed in the hurricane which struck the area last week.________， the victims had to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross. A．As a result of B．As a consequence C．As usual D．As for 解析：选 B　句意：许多房子在上周的飓风中完全毁坏了，因此，灾民们只 能住在由红十字会提供的临时住所里。as a consequence“因此”，表结果，符合 句意。as a result of“由于……的原因”，其后要加宾语；as usual“通常；像往常 一样”；as for “至于；就……而言”。 9．President Obama promised that the DS|700 billion rescue plan would make the ________ of economy stable. A．atmosphere B．state C．principle D．phenomenon 解析：选 B　考查名词辨析。句意：奥巴马总统许诺 7 000 亿美元的救助计 划将稳定经济状况。state“状况；状态”，符合句意。 10．(2014·黄冈一模)The magician, Liu Qian, picked several persons ________ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. A．by accident B．in vain C．at random D．on average 解析：选 C　考查介词短语辨析。句意：魔术师刘谦随意从观众中挑了几个 人来帮助他完成表演。by accident“偶然”；in vain“徒劳地”；at random“随意 地”；on average“平均”。根据句意可知，C 项符合句意。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1 ． (2014· 襄 阳 调 研 )Large quantities of money have_been_sent_to_the earthquake victims.(send) 有大笔的钱寄给了地震灾民。 2．(2014·鄂州市高三期末)Who_was_it that had the light burning all night yesterday？(be) 昨天到底是谁让灯亮了一晚上？ 3．One of the reasons why huge quantities of good soil are_being_washed_away is that floods happen frequently in that area.(wash) 大量良田被冲走的原因之一是那个地区洪灾频发。 4．It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder how_it_came_about that she was two hours late on such a short trip.(come) 已经十点钟了。我不知道是怎么回事，这么短的路程她迟到了两个小时。 5 ．The foreigner took out from his suitcase what_looked_like_a_passport and handed it to the officer.(what) 这位外国人从他的手提箱里拿出了看起来像护照的东西，然后把它递给那名 官员。 6．A number of new machines were installed in the factory, thus resulting_in an increase in production.(result) 许多新机器被安装在这个工厂里，因此导致产量增长。 7．Strangely, Mr. Green, also opposed_to_the_new_policy,_made no remark in the discussion.(oppose) 令人奇怪的是，格林先生在讨论中没作任何评论，他也是反对这项新政策的。 8 ． So/As_long_as_you_don't_drive after drinking, we will not worry about you.(drive) 只要你不酒后驾驶，我们就不会担心你。 9．(2014·荆门月考)The accident that_resulted_in_the_death of two passengers resulted from careless driving.(result) 导致两名乘客死亡的事故起因于粗心驾驶。 10．There are two hundred boys ranging_from_seven_to_fourteen in age.(range) 有 200 名 7 至 14 岁的男孩。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2014· 泰 安 市 高 三 第 二 次 模 拟 考 试 )A gentleman hired a taxi outside the railway station. The taxi had a woolen carpet with __1__ lace (蕾丝) edges. On the glass partition (隔离物) that __2__ the driver’s seat was a copy of a famous painting. Its windows were all clean. The customer was very much __3__ and said to the driver, “I’ve never seen a nicer __4__.” “Thank you for your praise，” the driver answered __5__. “How did it occur to you to decorate your car？” asked the customer. “The car isn’t mine，” said the driver. “It belongs to the company. I used to be a __6__ of taxis. When they returned, all of them were as __7__ as garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish __8__ here and there. On the seats and door­handles could be found something __9__ like peanut sauce or, chewing gum. Why so? I thought if the car itself were very clean the passengers would most __10__ be considerate and avoid littering.” “So when I got a __11__ to be a taxi­driver, I began to __12__ my idea into practice — to tidy and __13__ the car. Now before a new passenger gets on my car, I’ d make a check and be sure it is in good order. When my car __14__ after a day’s work, it always remains __15__.” When doing a thing, one makes efforts and wants to see the result. To change others, one has to make twice the __16__ but get half the result. To change oneself is the other way round — more fruit with less effort. One had better ask oneself why one makes __17__ on others much more than on oneself. __18__ you take enough care to do as best as you can for other people’s sake, your efforts will naturally pay off. If you __19__ the inner world of your own, examine yourself and wipe out the dust and dirt, instead of fixing your eyes on other people, you will find a cheerful __20__ for yourself and create a pleasant environment for others. 语篇解读：本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。一位出租车司机总是将自己的车保持干净整 洁，因为这样乘客不仅感到舒服，而且也会自觉爱护这个美好的环境。这个简单 的故事告诉我们：要想改变别人，先改变自己。 1．A.brilliant　　　　　　　　　 B．exciting C．ugly D．favorite 解析：选 A　根据下句对车的描述可知，这辆出租车干净整洁，由此可知， 地毯也一定很好看。故选 A，意为“鲜艳的，出色的”。B“令人愉快的”；C“丑 陋的”；D“最喜欢的”，均不符合语境，故排除。 2．A.protected B．covered C．separated D．prevented 解析：选 C　根据先行词“the glass partition(隔离物)”可知，它将乘客座位 与司机座位隔离开。故选 C，意为“分离，隔开”。A“保护”；B“覆盖”；D“阻 止”。 3．A.moved B．surprised C．disappointed D．annoyed 解析：选 B　根据下文中的“’How did it occur to you to decorate your car？’ asked the customer.”可知，乘客对司机这样装饰车感到好奇。故选 B。 4．A.seat B．taxi C．garage D．carpet 解析：选 B　本句话用否定词加比较级表示最高级的意思，句意为：这是我 所见过的最漂亮的出租车。故选 B。 5．A.naturally B．firmly C．hopefully D．smilingly 解析：选 D　根据文中对这个司机的描述可知，这个司机体贴乘客，由此可 推知，他对顾客的态度一定也很友好。故选 D，意为“微笑着”。 6．A.driver B．customer C．repairer D．cleaner 解析：选 D　 根据下文对司机以前所做工作的描述并结合选项可以推断出， 开出租前他是公司出租车的清洁员。故选 D。 7．A.dirty B．pleasant C．attractive D．clean 解析：选 A　根据“garbage”可知，此处指所有的出租车都像垃圾罐一样脏。 故选 A。 8．A.spread B．left C．dotted D．extended 解析：选 B　根据常识可知，这些烟头和垃圾是乘客留下的。故选 B 最恰当， 意为“丢下”。A“伸展，蔓延”；C“打上点”；D“延伸，扩大”。 9．A.sticky B．busy C．funny D．clumsy 解析：选 A　根据所举例“peanut sauce or, chewing gum”并结合常识可知，这 些黏的东西会粘在把手上或座位上。故选 A，意为“黏(性)的”。D“笨手笨脚 的”。 10．A.extremely B．willingly C．likely D．regularly 解析：选 C　此处是表示推断语气。故选 C，most likely 意为“很可能”。 A“极端地，十分地”；B“自愿地”；D“定期地，规则地”。 11．A.permit B．passport C．certificate D．license 解析：选 D　根据“to be a taxi­driver”可知，此处指获得驾照。故选 D。 A“通行证”；B“护照”；C“证书”。 12．A.make B．take C．put D．get 解析：选 C　 put ... into practice，意为“将……付诸实践”，为固定短语， 符合语境。故选 C。 13．A.decorate B．drive C．provide D．describe 解析：选 A　根据第一段对出租车的描述可知，司机不仅将车打扫干净，而 且精心装饰。故选 A，意为“装饰”。此处与上文中的“How did it occur to you to decorate your car？”相照应。 14．A.speeds B．returns C．arrives D．leaves 解析：选 B　根据“after a day’s work”可知，此处指结束工作，返回公司。 故选 B。 15．A.shameful B．bright C．spotless D．dirty 解析：选 C　根据本段描述可知，这位司机精心爱护车，时刻保持干净，所 以即使下班回到公司，出租车依然干净。故选 C，意为“一尘不染的”。 16．A.progress B．trial C．attempt D．effort 解析：选 D　根据本段第一句以及下句可知，此处指结果与努力的对比。故 选 D，意为“努力”。 17．A.demands B．comments C．suggestions D．decisions 解析：选 A　句意：每个人都应问问自己为什么要求别人的比要求自己的要 多呢。故选 A“要求”。B“评论”；C“建议”；D“决定”。本句话与上句一致， 强调要先改变自己。 18．A.Though B．If C．As D．While 解析：选 B　句意为：如果你尽心尽力关心别人，你的努力自然会有回报。 前一分句是后一分句实现的条件。故选 B。 19．A.look up B．look for C．look into D．look through 解析：选 C　根据“inner world”可知，本句话强调看自己的内心世界。故选 C，“向里面看，调查”。A“向上看，查找”；B“寻找”；D“浏览，仔细检查”。 20．A.spirit B．sense C．mind D．mood 解析：选 D　根据“cheerful”可知，此处指人的心情。故选 D。 Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2014·湖北七市调考)When I was growing up in the suburbs of New York, our first local Earth Day was organized around a drive to a town field where families were urged to dump items from their basements for recycling rather than tossing them in the trash.It was an eye­opening concept for a kid in 1970. But as an environmental reporter, I have come to dread (非常害怕) the large amount of deals and promotions that arrive via e­mail or in my office or home mailbox on Earth Day.Like Valentine’s Day, Earth Day has become a huge marketing opportunity — a paradoxical (矛盾的) way to promote consumption and sell stuff. In fact, Earth Day is such a good sales hook that some shops, like Target, have expanded Earth Day into Earth Month. There isn ’ t time to give you a full rundown of the Earth Day shopping opportunities I was alerted to this past week.They included deals on buying bottled water and earth­friendly diaper wipes. My award for the silliest promotion: a plan to gift 25 of the most environmentally conscious stars unique, useful and fabulous “green” products and services, including skin care products, cat litter, cheesecake and artwork.My guess is most of the stuff will end up in celebrities’ garbage. Is buying and selling a good way to celebrate and protect the environment? I would argue that Earth Day might be an occasion to consider giving up purchases or habits that are environmentally questionable or that we could happily do without.How about not buying bottled water, but refilling a water bottle? How about not buying foods — even “organic” foods — that are packed in non­recyclable plastic? Don ’ t get me wrong.Bridgestone is celebrating Earth Day by promising to repurpose a spent tire for every tire that it sells.Verizon will plant a tree for each cellphone you trade in.Some coffee stores will even refill reusable mugs at no charge.Target is giving out free reusable carrier bags without requiring a purchase. But few retailers are taking the next step — charging a fee at the cash register for disposable plastic bags, a common practice in Europe — to motivate customers to use those new reusable carriers. Earth Day is transient (短暂的)．If you only showed love on Valentine’s Day, would that really mean anything at all? 语篇解读：本文作者对一些商家在世界地球日的做法发表了自己的观点。 1．The author’s first local Earth Day was celebrated by ______. A．driving to a town field for fun B．dumping unused items for recycling C．looking for good ideas for reuse D．clearing items from their basement 解析：选 B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“our first ... for recycling”可知答 案。 2．What’s the author’s attitude towards the deals and promotions on Earth Day? A．Objective.　　　　　　 B．Optimistic. C．Supportive. D．Critical. 解析：选 D　作者态度题。根据第二段中的“I have ... promotions”以及第五 段中的“My award for the silliest promotion”可知，作者对商家的促销活动持批评 态度。 3．According to the author, it’s environmentally friendly to ________. A．buy packed organic foods B．offer stars green products C．refill water bottles D．ask for disposable plastic bags 解析：选 C　细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“How about ... bottle？”可 知，C 项正确，其他项均与文意不符。 4．It could be inferred from the passage that Bridgestone and Verizon ________. A．are likely to misunderstand the author B．have a good way to celebrate Earth Day C．are devoted to making money on Earth Day D．make wrong promotion plans on Earth Day 解析：选 B　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的描述可知，作者认同这两个商 家庆祝世界地球日的方法。