2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用练习：选修8Unit3课下作业（一_三）

2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用练习：选修8Unit3课下作业（一_三）

选修8 Unit 3 课下作业（一~三）‎ 课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Nowadays many old people have to bear (忍受) miserable loneliness after their sons or daughters leave home for work.‎ ‎2．The suspect tapped (轻敲) the table nervously with fingers to hide his fear inside.‎ ‎3．This year, the price of farm products (产品) is likely to go up as a result of drought.‎ ‎4．You need special software to view the information in the file(s) (文件)．‎ ‎5．We believe that only a stable (稳定的) and fully confident middle class will guarantee the stability and prosperity of Hong Kong.‎ ‎6．The news on smartphones saves people much time reading through newspapers for current (当前的) affairs.‎ ‎7．The abrupt (突然的) change of the climate has drawn worldwide attention to the benefit of green energy.‎ ‎8．Water is a liquid at room temperature and has a relatively high freezing (结冰的) point.‎ ‎9．A book had been stolen, but the teacher said he was sure that Tom was innocent (清白的)．‎ ‎10．We should try our best to put the enemy in a passive (被动的) position.‎ Ⅱ.语境语法填空 ‎1．One day, a student called me ❶up abruptly, saying that she graduated and set out ❷to_find (find) a job. She couldn't bear the ❸freezing (freeze) weather in the North. So she expected ❹to_hunt (hunt) for a job in a city in the South where weather is pleasant and transport is ❺convenient (convenience)．‎ ‎2．Wang Yong ❶is_distinguished (distinguish) as the 2018 Annual Top Ten Policemen. Not ❷bearing (bear) any criminal escaping punishment, he has devoted himself to his work. So far he ❸has_seized (seize) more than 2,000 robbers and thieves in his 20year police career. Mr. Wang is also a thoughtful man and he has filed all the information ❹associated (associate) with the criminals he has caught. He tries to help them within his power.He regularly❺dials (dial) the former prisoners asking about their performances. He has gained ❻recognition (recognize) and respect in his career and he promises he will continue to dive ❼into his work.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．色盲的人通常很难区分红色和绿色。(distinguish)‎ Colorblind people often find it difficult to_distinguish_between_red_and_green.‎ ‎2．妈妈经常提醒我要记住“失败乃成功之母”。(bear)‎ My mother often reminds me to bear_in_mind_that failure is the mother of success.‎ ‎3．当我们听到你通过考试时，我们都很高兴。(get through)‎ We were very glad when we heard that_you_had_got_through_your_exam.‎ ‎4．白求恩大夫挽救了那么多中国士兵的生命，以至于他被中国人永远地记住了。(so ...that ...)‎ Doctor Bethune saved_so_many_Chinese_soldiers_that_he_was_remembered by Chinese forever.‎ ‎5．经常找一些方法表扬你的孩子，你会发现他们将会向你敞开心扉。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)‎ Find_ways_to_praise_your_children_often,_and_you'll_find they will open their hearts to you.‎ Ⅳ.语境辨义 根据语境选出动词seize的词义 ‎(A)抓住　　　　　　　　　 (B)夺取；攻占 ‎(C)收缴 (D)把握(机会)‎ ‎1．If he hadn't seized the chance of escaping from the burning building, he might have lost his life.__D__‎ ‎2．He was seizing her by the arm when I saw him.__A__‎ ‎3．The troops seized the city in a surprising attack.__B__‎ ‎4．A large quantity of drugs was seized last weekend.__C__‎ 课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练 Ⅰ.根据提示填空 Nowadays more and more students can ❶have_access_to (使用) the Internet. Surfing online has both ❷advantages (advantage) and disadvantages.‎ The Internet is a good information source. Students can get to know the world outside and read essays on it ❸as_well (也). They can even do their homework via the Internet.‎ However, it also has disadvantages. There are too many games ❹designed (design) for students. Some students play games so ❺frequently (frequent) that they can't ❻concentrate_on (集中精力于) their studies. Some even log on some websites ❼containing (contain) unhealthy news and pictures.‎ Every coin has two sides. What matters much is how you ❽make_use_of (利用) it.‎ Ⅱ.片段选词填空 chat online， convenience， send text messages， add to， perform an important function， disadvantage， take advantage of， scientific achievements ‎ The constant development of science and technology has brought us a lot of ❶convenience. ‎ Take the latest smartphones for example. Not only can we make phone calls and ❷send_text_messages with it, but we can also surf the Internet, ❸chat_online and receive or send emails, which is of great importance to us.‎ Every coin has two sides. Though these inventions have ❹added_to our happiness and are ❺performing_an_important_function in our life, we shouldn't ignore their ❻disadvantages. Last but not least, while we are enjoying what ❼scientific_achievements have brought us, we have to learn to ❽take_advantage_of science and technology to protect our home — the earth.‎ 课下作业（三） 高考语篇提能练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·昆明质检)Medha Gupta sometimes felt worried about making the 20minute walk from the corner where the school bus dropped her off to her home in Herndon, Va. — especially during the colder months in winter.‎ Her mother, Divya Gupta had a suggestion: Write an app. She was halfkidding, but Medha took the challenge seriously. So she went to work.‎ The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when they are traveling alone. Using the iPhone, a person can program it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts if he or she fails to arrive at a destination within a certain time.‎ It was the first iOS app that Medha had created. While she didn't think much would come from the project, her effort caught the eye of judges for the annual Congressional App Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia's 10th District.‎ The App Challenge is designed to encourage students to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and math by experimenting with coding and computer science. Winning students are invited to attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April and also received $250 in Amazon Web Services credits.‎ Medha said it took her about 40 hours to design, program and test the app. As for her next app? Medha's not certain. She temporarily has her appdevelopment ambitions on_hold because she's busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook. Yes, she knows that there are teams of engineers probably doing the same thing. But she figures it can't hurt her own part, too.‎ ‎“If we see something wrong with the world, we should do something about it，” she said. “After all, the only one stopping us from doing something is ourselves.”‎ ‎1．Why did Medha Gupta feel worried?‎ A．It took a long time to walk home.‎ B．It was colder than ever in winter.‎ C．It was unsafe to walk home alone.‎ D．It was difficult to write an app.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据首段的描述，以及第三段首句可知，Medha有时担心自己放学回家时的安全，由此她设计了应用程序Safe Travel，它可以使出行者独自出行时感觉更安全，所以选项C正确。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined phrase “on hold” in Paragraph 6 mean?‎ A．Delayed. B．Developed.‎ C．Suspected. D．Satisfied.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“because she's busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook”(因为她正在忙着自学人工智能技术，以帮助处理Facebook上的不当言论)，同时结合画线词前一句“Medha's not certain.”可推断出她暂时把应用程序开发的目标推迟了。所以选项A正确。‎ ‎3．What is Medha's attitude to the challenge?‎ A．Curious. B．Sensitive.‎ C．Uncertain. D．Optimistic.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She was halfkidding, but Medha took the challenge seriously. So she went to work.”可知，Medha认真地对待这个挑战，并开始设计。这表明了她面对挑战的乐观态度。‎ ‎4．What's the main idea of the text?‎ A．Medha registered for the App Challenge.‎ B．Medha designed Safe Travel successfully.‎ C．The App Challenge directs students how to choose careers.‎ D．An app guides walkers home.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。文章是围绕Medha设计手机应用程序Safe Travel展开的，讲述了她设计这一应用程序的起因、过程和由此获得的成就，最后一段引用Medha自己的话强调她面对研究的态度，所以选项B是最佳选项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·武汉调研)These days when someone says a computer has a bug (小虫子) in it, usually they mean that there's a problem with one of its programs. Maybe your computer crashed when you were in the middle of a game. __1__‎ But back in the early days of computers, a woman named Grace Hopper was part of the team that discovered the very first computer bug.‎ ‎__2__ She had been invited to help program a new computer, the job of which was to quickly deal with the math problems ships used to find their way. __3__ Then it translated the patterns of holes into the math problems it was supposed to solve.‎ One afternoon in 1947 Hopper and her team were running a program. But the computer ‎ wasn't giving them the right results. __4__ They finally ended up taking the computer apart, looking for problems. What did they find? It was a dead moth (飞蛾)! The moth was blocking some of the holes in the paper — no wonder the computer didn't know what to do.‎ Hopper knew that the term “bug” had been used before when there were problems with machines. But this was the first time a computer had ever had a bug. __5__ Some people think Hopper was the first person to use the word “debug” to mean “get rid of the problems in a computer”．‎ A．What could be wrong?‎ B．Hopper was a mathematician.‎ C．Who had operated the computer?‎ D．Hopper was a hardworking scientist.‎ E．She thought it was funny that it was a real one.‎ F．Or you got an error message when you tried to go to a website.‎ G．The computer worked by reading instructions from a long piece of paper with holes in it.‎ ‎1．选F　空前一句表示“当你在玩游戏的时候，或许你的电脑崩溃了”，根据语境可知，空处应表示电脑出问题的时候。故F项“或者当你努力进入一个网站时，你收到了一个错误信息”符合语境。‎ ‎2．选B　根据下一句可知，Hopper的工作是处理数学问题，由此可以推测，她是数学家。故答案选B。‎ ‎3．选G　根据空后一句可知，G项中的“with holes in it”与此相照应，且G项与空后一句逻辑严密，故答案选G。‎ ‎4．选A　空前一句讲述了电脑不能给出正确的结果，也就是电脑出现了问题，结合语境可知，空处应在发问“可能是什么出现了问题呢？”，所以答案选A。‎ ‎5．选E　上文讲到，在他们使用的电脑里发现了一只飞蛾，这是在电脑里发现的第一只“bug”，且是一只真正的小虫子，故选E。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2019·石家庄模拟)Mike Taylor, a university student in the study of prehistoric life forms for his Ph.D., discovered a brandnew species of dinosaur, while __1__ (conduct) research at the Natural History Museum in the United Kingdom. This new species __2__ (identify) as part of the sauropod family of dinosaurs. The sauropods were fourlegged, vegetarian dinosaurs, __3__ very long necks and tails, and relatively small skulls and brains. One of their most unusual __4__ (characteristic) was their nostrils, which were higher up in their head, almost near the eyes. So far, the sauropod bones __5__ (find) in every continent except Antarctica, and they are one of the longest living group of dinosaurs, spanning over 100 million years. This new species, __6__‎ ‎ (name) Xenoposeidon proneneukos, which means forward sloping, lived about 140 million years ago.‎ Mike Taylor, __7__ has spent five years studying sauropod vertebrae, __8__ (immediate) knew that this was the backbone of a sauropod. However, he had never seen one like this before. __9__ (far) research proved this was indeed a new kind of sauropod. The bone, which had been discovered in __10__ 1890's, had never been examined.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。迈克·泰勒偶然发现了一种新的恐龙物种；经研究证明，这是一种新的蜥脚类动物。‎ ‎1．conducting　考查非谓语动词。该句主语“Mike Taylor”和动词“conduct”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且根据空前的“while”可知，该处表示动作正在发生，故用conducting。该句也可以看成状语从句的省略，省略了主语“Mike Taylor”和be动词“was”。‎ ‎2．was identified　考查动词时态和语态。该句主语“This new species”和动词“identify”之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎3．with　考查介词。该蜥脚类动物为四肢食草恐龙，它有着长长的脖子和尾巴，还有相对小的头骨和大脑。with表示“具有，带有”，符合语境。‎ ‎4．characteristics　考查名词复数。characteristic为可数名词，根据该句中的“One of”可知，该处用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎5．have been found　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“So far”可知，该句用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响；该句的主语“the sauropod bones”为复数形式，且和动词“find”之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，谓语动词用复数形式。‎ ‎6．named　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空处作“This new species”的后置定语；主语“This new species”和动词“name”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用named。‎ ‎7．who　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Mike Taylor”，为人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who引导该定语从句。‎ ‎8．immediately　考查副词。根据空后的动词“knew”可知，空处修饰该动词，表示“立即，立刻”，故用immediate的副词形式。‎ ‎9．Further　考查形容词比较级。进一步的研究证明，这的确是一种新的蜥脚类动物。根据句意可知，空处用比较级，表示“更进一步的”。‎ ‎10．the　考查定冠词。in the 1890's表示“在19世纪90年代”，故用定冠词the。‎ Ⅳ.读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ It was one of the hottest days in the dry season. We had not seen rain for almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the earth. If we didn't see some rain soon, we would lose everything. It was on this day that I learned the true lesson of sharing and witnessed the only miracle I have ever seen in my life.‎ I was making lunch for the family in the kitchen when I saw my sixyearold son, Billy,_walking toward the woods. He was obviously walking with a great effort, trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, toward the house. I went back to making sandwiches thinking that whatever task he had been doing was completed.‎ Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that unusual way toward the woods. This activity went on for an hour. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.‎ He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked, being very careful not to spill the water he carried. I followed him secretly as he went into the woods. Branches slapped (拍打) his little face but he did not try to avoid them. He might have a much higher purpose,_I thought. As I came closer, I saw the most amazing sight. Several large deer stood in front of him. Billy walked right up to them, at the sight of which I almost screamed at him to get away. A huge buck (雄鹿) was dangerously close. But the buck didn't threaten him nor even move as Billy knelt_down. And then I saw a tiny baby_deer,_lying on the ground, obviously suffering from thirst and heat，lift its head with great effort to drink the water in my boy's hands.‎ 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house.　‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Instead of lecturing him like his father, I decided to help him.　‎ 参考范文：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house. Hiding behind a tree, I followed him back to the house. Billy carefully opened the water tap and a small trickle began to creep out. He knelt_down,_letting the drops drip slowly onto his hands. He was so attentive and patient that he almost ignored the sun beating down on his back.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Instead of lecturing him like his father, I decided to help him. It took almost twenty minutes for the drops to fill his hands. When he stood up and went back to the woods,_I was there in front of him. I didn't say anything but hugged him tightly. As he began his walk, I joined him, with a small pot of water from the kitchen. Tears rolled down my face as I stood on the edge of the woods watching a beautiful heart working so hard to save the baby_deer.‎