2018版高考英语（北师大版）大一轮复习教师文档讲义：Book 1 Unit 1Lifestyles

2018版高考英语（北师大版）大一轮复习教师文档讲义：Book 1 Unit 1Lifestyles

话题词汇 ‎1.balance n.平衡 ‎2.strength n.长处；力量 ‎3.healthy adj.健康的 ‎4.energy n.精力；活力 ‎5.positive adj.积极的 ‎6.keep sb.fit/healthy 使某人保持健康 ‎7.win...back赢回 ‎8.take regular exercise进行有规律的运动 ‎9.keep a good mood保持乐观心态 ‎10.remove heavy burdens减轻负担 话题佳作 假设你是李华，收到好朋友王明的来信。他在信上提到他挑食，吃饭不规律以及爱吃快餐等，现在经常头晕，请求你的帮助。请你给他回信并提出相应的劝告。‎ 佳作欣赏 Dear Wang Ming，‎ How are you doing？I’ve received your letter.I’m sorry to hear that you’re always feeling dizzy.Maybe it’s because you don’t eat properly.In my opinion，you shouldn’t be picky about food，because this may prevent you from taking in various minerals that your body needs.Besides，not having regular meals may result in stomach trouble.So you should have regular meals.As for junk food，it contains less nutrition than vegetables or fruit，and it may cause many diseases even cancer，so，for the sake of your health，stay away from junk food.In a word，if you want to stay healthy，you should have a balanced diet.And I hope to hear you feel better soon.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua 名师点睛 通览全文，要点齐全，结构合理，语言严谨。宾语从句、表语从句、原因状语从句、定语从句等复杂句及动名词短语作主语和in one’s opinion，for the sake of，stay away from，prevent...from...等高级词汇的运用，增强了文章的表达力。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1.partner n.伙伴；合作者，搭档 part n.部分；v.分离 ‎2.suppose vt.认为，猜想 ‎3.complain vi.抱怨；投诉 ‎4.bored adj.厌烦的；不感兴趣的 boring adj.令人厌烦的 ‎5.stress n.& v.压力；强调 stressful adj.有压力的；紧张的 ‎6.suffer vi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛 ‎7.pressure n.压力 press n.新闻业，报界；出版社；v.压；按 ‎8.prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿 ‎ preference n.偏爱，倾向 ‎9.volunteer n.志愿者；v.自愿提供；自愿 voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的 ‎10.graduate n.& vi.毕业生；毕业 graduation n.毕业；毕业典礼 ‎11.challenge n.&v.挑战 ‎12.support vt.&n.支持；支撑 ‎13.solve vt.解决；解答 ‎14.otherwise adv.否则；另外 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎15.matter vi.要紧，有重大关系；n.物质；问题 ‎16.peaceful adj.平静的；和平的 peace n.和平；平静 ‎17.relaxing adj.轻松的，放松的 ‎18.switch vt.转换，转变；打开(开关)‎ ‎19.remote adj.遥远的 ‎20.urgent adj.急迫的；紧急的 urgency n.紧迫，迫切 ‎21.document n.公文，文件 ‎22.expert n.专家；adj.熟练的，内行的 ‎23.social adj.社交的；社会的 society n.社会；交际 ‎24.reduce vt.减少；降低 ‎25.organise vt.组织 organisation n.组织 ‎26.diet n.饮食；节食；v.节食，按规定进食 ‎27.stand vt.忍耐，忍受 ‎28.design n.&vt.设计 ‎29.advertisement n.广告 advertise v.(为……)做广告 ‎30.presentation n.表演；展示 present n.目前；礼物；adj.现在的；在场的；v.赠送；介绍 ‎31.forecast n.预报；预测 ‎32.crowd n.人群，一伙人；v.拥挤，挤满 ‎33.distance n.距离 distant adj.遥远的 ‎34.formal adj.正式的，合礼仪的 ‎35.style n.风格，作风 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1.After my graduation(graduate)，Dad’s business was getting back on track.(2015·陕西)‎ ‎2.The walk in the morning before I headed to the hospital was a quiet，peaceful(peace) time to gather my thoughts.(2015·浙江)‎ ‎3.Reading can be a social(society) activity.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎4.The elephant had heard the distant(distance) alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed.(2014·重庆)‎ ‎5.I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements(advertise) for the set at seventyfive dollars less than I had paid.(2015·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎6.In the former case，we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring(bored) or too difficult.(2016·天津)‎ ‎7.In transactive memory，people organize(organization) information like a computer.(2015·安徽)‎ ‎8.They needed to be aroused one way or the other，and they preferred(preference) good news to bad.(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎9.Volunteers(voluntary) came with carloads of donated clothing and toys.(2016·北京)‎ ‎10.The graph has a title，a main idea，and supporting (support) details.(2015·浙江)‎ ‎1.switch on把开关打开，接通 ‎2.switch over转换频道，转变 ‎3.switch off把……关掉，关上 ‎4.go off(爆竹、铃等)响；离开；爆炸 ‎5.take up拿起；占据；开始从事；继续 ‎6.be filled with充满着 ‎7.suffer from忍受，遭受 ‎8.prefer A to B比起B来，更喜欢A ‎9.be fond of喜欢 ‎10.at the moment此刻，目前 ‎11.over the years数年间 ‎12.come up with提出；想出 ‎13.be bored with因……而厌烦 ‎14.look forward to盼望，期望 ‎15.make a difference有影响；起作用 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ I 1.am fond of(喜欢) music.When I 2.am bored with(因……而厌烦) my homework，I 3.prefer playing the guitar to (比起……来，更喜欢……)playing the piano.4.Over the years(数年间)，I’ve ‎ improved it a lot.But whenever I 5.take up(拿起) my piano，I always 6.look forward to(盼望，期望) your help.Could you 7.come up with(提出；想出) some advice on how to improve my skills? I’m sure it will 8.make a difference(有影响；起作用)to me.‎ ‎1.while引导并列句，表对比 I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.‎ 我总是随身携带我的手提电视，坐在石墙上看，小狗则在我身边绕圈。‎ 仿写　有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。‎ Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.‎ ‎2.It takes sb.some time to do sth.‎ It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash，get changed，have breakfast，leave home and get on a bus.‎ 我用不到15分钟的时间洗刷，换衣服，吃早饭，离开家，然后去坐车。‎ 仿写　他花了很长时间来打开它们进行阅读。(2014·四川)‎ It took him a long time to open them and read.‎ ‎3.The first...to do sth.‎ I am always the first person to get to the office.‎ 我总是第一个到达公办室的人。‎ 仿写　1931年，亚当斯成为美国第一个获得诺贝尔和平奖的女性。(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.‎ ‎4.so...that... 引导结果状语从句 Usually，it’s so crowded that I can’t find anywhere to sit.‎ 通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。‎ 仿写　环境是如此糟糕以至于再次找到雪橇痕迹对他来说是不可能的。(2016·北京)‎ Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to find the trail again.‎ ‎5.the same...that...和……一样 We don’t have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.‎ 我们和这个城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。‎ 仿写　这就是我上周丢失的那支钢笔。‎ This is the same pen that I lost last week.‎ ‎ matter vi.要紧；有重大关系 n.情况；事态；问题 ‎(1)Your major does not matter as much in your first year of college.‎ 大学第一学年，你的专业并不是很重要。(2016·浙江)‎ ‎(2)It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.‎ 你来不来关系不太大。‎ ‎(3)As a matter of fact，I was the one who did it.‎ 其实，做这件事的人是我。‎ It doesn’t matter.没关系/不要紧。‎ a matter of...……的问题 as a matter of fact其实，事实上 What’s the matter with...？……怎么了/出了什么问题？‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I can’t say which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.‎ ‎(2)He went over and asked what was the matter.‎ ‎(3)What matters is not what you say but what you do.‎ ‎(4)As a matter of fact，I’ve never been there before.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)The people who obey the rules matter.(改为强调句)‎ It is the people who obey the rules that matter.‎ ‎ suppose v.认为；猜想；假设；假定 ‎(1)There were many more deaths than was first supposed.‎ 死亡人数要比早先预想的多得多。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)I’m going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University，as both are supposed to have good Physics Department.‎ 我要么去蒙特利尔大学要么去渥太华大学，因为两个大学都有不错的物理系。‎ ‎(3)Most people supposed her to be his wife.‎ 大多数人都以为她是他的太太。‎ ‎(4)—Will he attend the meeting tomorrow?‎ ‎—I suppose so.‎ ‎——他会参加明天的会议吗？‎ ‎——我想他会的。‎ suppose sb.(to be)...以为某人(是)……‎ be supposed to do...应该做……；被认为做……‎ be supposed to have done...本该做……(但实际上未做)‎ I suppose so (not).我想是这样/不会的。‎ suppose/supposing (that)引导条件状语从句 相当于if，表示“如果，假设”。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)We are not supposed(suppose) to smoke on the bus.‎ ‎(2)Supposing/Suppose(suppose) that he does not come，shall we go without him?‎ ‎(3)People in developed countries are supposed to have had(have) more healthy food before than what they have today.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)如果明天下雨，我们将把运动会推迟到下周。‎ ‎①Suppose it rains tomorrow，we’ll put off the sports meet till next week.‎ ‎②Supposing it rains tomorrow，we’ll put off the sports meet till next week.‎ ‎③If it rains tomorrow，we’ll put off the sports meet till next week.‎ ‎ switch v.转变；转换 n.开关；转换 ‎(1)He used to play tennis，but now he’s switched to golf.‎ 他过去常打网球，但现在改打高尔夫球了。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)Switch off when you’ve finished using the electric typewriter.‎ 电动打字机用完后，要关掉开关。‎ ‎(3)It’s getting dark；you’d better switch on the light.‎ 天黑了，你最好打开灯。‎ switch on接上；打开 switch off切断；关掉 switch over转换频道；转变 switch to变换到……‎ make a switch进行改变 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Switch over if you don’t like the programme.‎ ‎(2)When I switched on the light，I found the room robbed.‎ ‎(3)Being bored of the present job，he wants to make a switch.‎ ‎(4)The switch to a free market economy will not be easy.‎ ‎ suffer vt.&vi.受苦；遭受磨难；患……病 ‎(1)Cathy suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood.‎ 凯茜在童年时代患上了某种可怕的疾病。(2016·天津)‎ ‎(2)It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.‎ 如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康会受到损害。‎ ‎(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship 遭受痛苦/挫败/艰难 suffer from受……折磨；患……病 ‎(2)suffering n.痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事 ‎(3)sufferer n.患者，受害者 suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He has suffered from the lung cancer for many years.‎ ‎(2)The sufferer(suffer) has decided to give up smoking.‎ ‎(3)Drought continues to annoy many parts of China，with tens of thousands suffering(suffer) water shortages and millions of others affected.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)Because they suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)‎ Having suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.‎ ‎ prefer v.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)；宁愿 ‎(1)He prefers to be always on the phone，sleep，stay in his room or go out with his friends rather than talk with his mother.‎ 他更喜欢打电话，睡觉，呆在他的房间里或和朋友出去而不是和他的母亲说话。‎ ‎(2)They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there.‎ 与郊区比起来，他们更喜欢城市，因为他们的工作在那儿。‎ ‎(1)prefer to do/doing...更喜欢做……‎ prefer sb.to do...喜欢让某人做……‎ prefer sth./doing...to sth./doing...与……相比更喜欢……‎ prefer to do...rather than do...宁可做……也不做……‎ ‎(2)have/show a preference for...偏爱……‎ ‎(3)would rather do...than do...＝would do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)A teacher should not show preference(prefer) for any one of his pupils.‎ ‎(2)I prefer to work(work) rather than sit there doing nothing.‎ ‎(3)My parents prefer me to finish(finish) the work by myself.‎ ‎(4)My husband prefers staying at home watching TV to going(go) shopping with me.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(5)她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。‎ ‎①She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(prefer...rather than...)‎ ‎②She preferred going with us to staying behind.(prefer...to...)‎ ‎③She would rather go with us than stay behind.(would rather...than...)‎ ‎④She would go with us rather than stay behind.(would...rather than...)‎ ‎ stand v.忍耐，忍受(常用于否定句)；站立；位于(某处)；经受 n.态度，立场；货摊 ‎(1)I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer.‎ 我说我一分钟也不能再忍耐了。(2016·浙江)‎ ‎(2)He stands out as the best young soccer player in the game.‎ 他是比赛中最突出的年轻足球运动员。‎ can’t stand doing不能容忍做……‎ stand for代表；象征；支持；主张；容忍(用于否定句) stand by站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持 stand out突出 stand up站立；站起来 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The letters PLA stand for the Chinese People’s Liberation Army.‎ ‎(2)How can you stand by and see such cruelty?‎ ‎(3)Her blue hair made her stand out in the crowd.‎ ‎(4)We stood up to see better.‎ ‎(5)I can’t stand working(work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(6)我忍受不了你上课睡觉的坏习惯。‎ ‎①I can’t stand your bad habit of sleeping in class.‎ ‎②I can’t bear your bad habit of sleeping in class.‎ ‎③I can’t put up with your bad habit of sleeping in class.‎ ‎ support v.支持；赞成；拥护；支撑；供养；抚养 n.赞成；拥护；支持 ‎(1)Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.‎ 最新的研究似乎支持这两种可能性。(2016·四川)‎ ‎(2)Mr.Wang spoke in support of the proposal.‎ 王先生发言支持该项提议。‎ ‎(1)support/raise one’s family养家 support/be in favor of one’s suggestion赞同某人的建议 in support of支持 ‎(2)supporter n.支持者，支援者；供养着；支撑物 ‎(3)supporting adj.支持的；辅助性的；次要的 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He had to do an extra job after work，for he had a big family to support(support).‎ ‎(2)Whatever great difficulties you meet，I’m your loyal supporter(support).‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(3)I will support you forever whenever it is.‎ ‎①I will stand by you forever whenever it is.(用stand短语改写)‎ ‎②I will be in favor of you forever whenever it is.(用favor短语改写)‎ ‎③I will be in support of you forever whenever it is.(用support作名词的短语改写)‎ ‎ design n.设计；布局；安排；打算；意图；构思 v.设计；构思；计划；制订 ‎(1)This range of clothing is specially designed for shorter women.‎ 该系列服装是专为身材较矮的女性设计的。(剑桥词典)‎ ‎(2)Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design? ‎ 你认为大楼被烧毁是意外事故，还是有意为之？‎ by design＝on purpose故意地 be designed to do.../as...为某目的或用途而制造或设计 be designed for...为……设计 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He became a photographer more by accident than by design.‎ ‎(2)The new device is designed as an alternative for the old one.‎ ‎(3)The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)This building is designed for weddings and other celebrations and it’s beautiful.(用过去分词短语作定语改写)‎ This building designed for weddings and other celebrations is beautiful.‎ ‎(5)Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer and each is designed to give them better cover from predators(捕食者).(将画线部分改为独立主格结构)‎ Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer，each designed to give them better cover from predators.‎ ‎ go off离去；(警报器等)突然发出巨响；(电)中断；(电灯)熄灭)‎ ‎(1)Today，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm goes off.‎ 今天我将要谈谈火警警报器响的时候你应该做些什么。(2014·四川)‎ ‎(2)It’s too late for lunch.I have to go without.‎ 现在吃午饭太晚了，我只得将就了。‎ ‎(3)Now he is in trouble；we should go all out to help him.‎ 现在他遇到了麻烦，我们应该全力以赴去帮助他。‎ go ahead前进；干吧；说吧 go up上涨；上升；攀登 go against违反；违背；(决定、判决等)对……不利 go by流逝；通过；(机会等)被错过 go all out to do...全力去做……‎ go without没有……也行；勉强凑合 go after追求；设法获得 ‎[写出下列句子中go off的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)The fire cracker went off and scared Jack’s dog.爆炸 ‎(2)The street lights come on at dusk and go off at dawn.熄灭 ‎(3)They went off together and left me sitting there.离开 ‎(4)My alarm clock did not go off this morning.(闹钟)响 ‎[短语填空]‎ ‎(5)The fire alarm went off；I just grabbed my clothes and ran out.‎ ‎(6)As time went by，they realized the importance of health.‎ ‎(7)Though things went against Mary，she went on trying.‎ ‎(8)She starts to go after Jack when he appears.‎ ‎(9)—Shall I open the window to let in some fresh air?‎ ‎—Sure，go ahead.It’s really hot here.‎ ‎(10)The house price is going up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there.‎ ‎ take up拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用；从事 ‎(1)Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing? ‎ 坚持一周内不争吵，你打算接受这一挑战吗？(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)He took down everything the teacher said.‎ 他记下老师说的每一句话。‎ take in吸收；接纳；欺骗；领会 take down拆除；写下 take on呈现；雇用；承担 take over接管；承袭 take off脱掉，摘下；起飞；成功；开始流行 ‎[短语填空]‎ ‎(1)I put the telephone down and took up my work again.‎ ‎(2)Peter will take over as managing director when Bill retires.‎ ‎(3)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.‎ ‎(4)He took off his glasses and blinked at them.‎ ‎(5)He didn’t take in what I read because his mind was on something else.‎ ‎ complain v.抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚；投诉 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)We received a lot of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities.‎ ‎(2)I’m going to complain to the manager about this.‎ ‎(3)Two hours later，she left，still complaining(complain) of it.‎ 名师点拨 complain后常接介词about，构成complain about抱怨……。‎ ‎ bored adj.厌烦的；厌倦的 基础知识训练——[用bore的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)—You can have a pet dog，but suppose you get bored with it in a few days？Then what?‎ ‎—We won’t，we promise!‎ ‎(2)Student life is never boring，is it?‎ ‎(3)Life in the country bores/bored me.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)He was bored with that boring speech and left the lecture hall.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)‎ Bored with that boring speech，he left the lecture hall.‎ 名师点拨 表示“厌倦……”的三个短语：be bored with，be tired of，be fed up with，注意介词的不同。‎ ‎ reduce vt.减少；降低；缩小 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)If you buy more than ten books，they will reduce the price by 10 percent.‎ ‎(2)Because of poverty，the number of kids who go to school in this area has reduced from 3,000 to 2,600 in the past three years.‎ ‎(3)Eventually he was reduced to begging(beg) on the streets.‎ ‎ diet n.日常饮食；日常食物；节食 vt.按规定进行饮食；节食 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)你需要去做一些运动并且保持均衡饮食。‎ You need to do some exercise and keep a balanced diet.‎ ‎(2)医生建议他节食减肥。‎ The doctor advised him to go on a diet to lose weight.‎ ‎(3)请不要给我的咖啡放糖，我在节食。‎ No sugar in my coffee，please; I am dieting.‎ 名师点拨 on a diet用规定食谱，节食；put sb.on a diet使某人节食，在这些短语中不能省略冠词a。‎ ‎ challenge n.挑战；难题；质疑 vt.挑战；怀疑 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Some children want to challenge themselves(they) by learning a language different from what their parents speak at home.‎ ‎(2)Mike found a challenging(challenge) job as a computer programmer.‎ ‎(3)She challenged the newspaper to prove(prove) its story.‎ ‎(4)We accepted their challenge to a baseball game.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(5)他接到电视辩论的挑战。‎ He received a challenge to a TV debate.‎ ‎(6)兄弟俩互相挑战一下，这是很正常的事情。‎ It’s normal for Brothers to challenge each other.‎ ‎(7)我要求你出示证据。‎ I challenge you to show your proof.‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)a challenge to对……的挑战 challenge sb.to(do) sth.向某人挑战(做)‎ ‎(2)challenging adj.有挑战性的 ‎(3)表示“做某事的挑战或挑战做某事”，其后可接不定式作定语，而不接of doing sth.。‎ ‎ solve vt.解决；解答 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)There are still many problems to be solved(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.‎ ‎(2)I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to solve(solve) these problems.‎ ‎(3)As far as I’m concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution(solve).‎ ‎(4)Here is the perfect solution to all your problems.‎ ‎(5)One way or another，however，the problem needs to be solved/solving(solve) soon.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(6)After the problem was solved，the student went home happily.(用with复合结构改写)‎ With the problem solved，the student went home happily.‎ 名师点拨 solution n.解答；解决方法 a solution to...……的解决方案 ‎ otherwise adv.否则，除此以外；在其他方面 adj.别的；另外的；不同的 conj.否则；不然 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned(telephone) him.‎ ‎(2)He is old and sick，otherwise he would be working(work) right now.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(3)迄今为止，这个项目已拯救了成千上万个本来会死亡的孩子。‎ Up to now，the program has saved thousands of children who would otherwise have died.‎ ‎(4)我很庆幸自己对学习怀有兴趣，不然我会疯掉的。‎ I’m lucky that I’m interested in school work，otherwise I’d go mad.‎ 名师点拨 otherwise当连词可表示隐含的条件，可用于虚拟语气。‎ ‎ be filled with充满……‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)Those who apply for the position are expected to fill in/out the application form(填写申请表).‎ ‎[同义句改写]‎ ‎(2)He went home，filled with happiness.‎ He went home，full of happiness.‎ 名师点拨 be filled with，be full of，注意两者搭配上不要混淆。‎ ‎ at the moment此刻，目前 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)At the moment(现在) I have no idea where I will be next year.‎ ‎(2)At that moment(那时)，I began to understand what my friend meant by her words.‎ ‎(3)The moment I got home(我一回到家)，I found I had left my jacket on the playground.‎ 名师点拨 特别注意the moment，它可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。‎ ‎ I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.‎ 我总是随身携带手提电视，坐在石墙上看，小狗则在我身边绕圈。‎ ‎(1)The walls are green，while the ceiling is white.‎ 墙是绿色的，而天花板是白色的。《21世纪大英汉词典》‎ ‎(2)He took a bath while I was preparing dinner.‎ 我准备晚餐的时候，他在洗澡。‎ ‎(3)While I am willing to help，I do not have much time.尽管我愿意帮忙，可我没有足够的时间。‎ while用法较多，既可用作连词，也可用作名词。‎ ‎(1)表示“在……期间；当……时候”，指一段时间，引导时间状语从句；‎ ‎(2)表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句；‎ ‎(3)表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句；‎ ‎(4)表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；‎ ‎(5)用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”，如after a while过了一会儿；once in a while偶尔，间或。‎ 基础知识训练——[写出下列句子中while的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)While I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A.虽然；尽管 ‎(2)—I wonder how much you charge for your services.‎ ‎—The first two are free while the third costs 30.而，却 ‎(3)He fell asleep while he was doing his homework.当……的时候 ‎(4)While there’s life there’s hope.只要 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)I like playing football.He likes playing basketball.(改为并列句)‎ ‎→I like playing football while he likes playing basketball.‎ ‎(6)Be careful while you are crossing the road.(改为省略句)‎ ‎→Be careful while crossing the road.‎ ‎ It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash，get changed，have breakfast，leave home and get on a bus.‎ 我用不到15分钟的时间洗刷，换衣服，吃早饭，离开家，然后去坐车。‎ ‎(1)I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table.‎ 我还记得用了多长时间擦亮我们的咖啡桌腿。(2016·浙江)‎ ‎(2)I spent ten yuan on/(in) buying the book.‎ 我花了10元钱买这本书。‎ ‎(3)It’s going to cost me over 100,000 to buy new trucks.‎ 买几辆新卡车将花掉我10万多美元。‎ It takes/took (sb.)some time/money to do...花了(某人)多少时间/金钱做……‎ 表达“花费”的其他句型：‎ (1)sb.＋spend...on/in doing sth.‎ (2)sth.＋cost sb....‎ (3)sb.＋pay＋钱＋for sth.‎ (4)sb.＋buy...for＋钱 基础知识训练——[选词填空]‎ ‎(1)I spent 120 on the trousers.‎ ‎(2)It takes the boy most of his free time to learn drawing.‎ ‎(3)She pays ￡200 a week for this apartment.‎ ‎(4)Good words cost nothing，but are worth much.‎ ‎(5)He bought the bag for ten dollars.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(6)完成这份报告需要花费四到六个星期的时间。(2015·广东)‎ It takes four to six weeks to finish the report.‎ ‎(7)事前一个月，我花了几个小时制出时间表，列出我的目标和实际的步骤。(2016·浙江)‎ A month before the event，I spent hours working out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.‎ ‎ I am always the first person to get to the office.‎ 我总是第一个到达办公室的人。‎ ‎(1)The first vehicles to navigate the air were balloons.‎ 首次在空中航行的飞行器是气球。 (新英汉大辞典)‎ ‎(2)He is the only one to survive the accident.‎ 他是这次事故中唯一的幸存者。‎ ‎(3)I caught the train with only a few seconds to spare.‎ 我在只剩几秒时赶上了火车。‎ ‎(1)当被修饰成分前有序数词或最高级及the only，the very修饰时，常用不定式作定语。‎ ‎(2)动词不定式可以用来修饰人和物，一般置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，即作后置定语。‎ ‎(3)to come将要来的；to spare剩余的。这两个短语常放在时间名词后面作后置定语。‎ ‎(4)修饰某些抽象名词的不定式，有时可转换为介词短语。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The captain is the last to leave(leave) the ship.‎ ‎(2)Would you like something to drink(drink)?‎ ‎(3)Volunteering gives you a chance to change(change) lives，including your own.‎ ‎(4)There are still many problems to be solved(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.‎ ‎(5)We need a better way to access/of accessing information.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(6)我真的很想采访他，因为他不仅是第一个去太空的中国人而且也是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。(2015·安徽)‎ I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.‎ ‎ Usually，it’s so crowded that I can’t find anywhere to sit.‎ 通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。‎ ‎(1)I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents.‎ 我很抱歉，以至于写信给我的父母。(2016·浙江)‎ ‎(2)There were so many cars in the street that I couldn’t get through.‎ 路上的车太多以至于我过不去。‎ ‎(3)So hard did the boy study that he passed the exam.‎ 男孩学习如此刻苦以至于他通过了考试。‎ so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。‎ ‎(1)so...that...句型的常见形式：‎ ‎(2)such...that...句型的常见形式：‎ ‎(3)当so/such...that...中的so/such...放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。‎ 基础知识训练——[用so或such完成下列句子]‎ ‎(1)It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street.‎ ‎(2)It was so cold a day that there was nobody in the street.‎ ‎(3)It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.‎ ‎(4)So low will it be in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(5)他是如此聪明的一个男孩以至于我们都喜欢他。‎ ‎①He is so clever a boy that we all like him.(so...that...)‎ ‎②He is such a clever boy that we all like him.(such...that...)‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 In the morning Brian Blakey doesn’t get up 1.immediately(immediate).He turns on the television and watches the children’s programmes and old movies 2.until about halfpast ten.Then he 3.goes(go) downstairs and switches on the TV in the 4.living(live) room.At noon he has biscuits and a glass of milk 5.for lunch and watches the news.In the evenings，he often watches TV series or sport and the news again.He usually switches 6.off the TV at about 2：00.‎ Bob Black always gets up early and usually wakes up about 5 minutes 7.before his alarm clock goes off.And he is always the first person 8.to get(get) to the office.He is very busy all day.Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.9.When he gets home，he looks at some documents that he brings back from the office so that he can be ready for the next day’s work.He seldom has time for fun.His family complains about it,10.but he likes being busy.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 As an accountant in a large company in the centre of London，I need to be in my office by nine o’clock because I usually get up at seven o’clock.I travel to work by “the tube”.That’s that people call the underground in London.It took about fifty minutes.Usually，it’s so crowded that I can’t find somewhere to sit in.I don’t like the underground！I spend all morning checking numbers.Lunch is always simply.I often get a sandwich in nearby sandwich shop.Then in the afternoon，I return to the paperwork in the office.On Wednesday nights，I go to the gym.I need to do that because I don’t get enough exercises.On Tuesday and Thursday nights，I have French classes.I work for a French company.So I think study French will help me in my job.‎ 答案 As an accountant in a large company in the centre of London，I need to be in my office by nine o’clock I usually get up at seven o’clock.I travel to work “the tube”.That’s people call the underground in London.It about fifty minutes.Usually，it’s so crowded that I can’t find to sit in.I don’t like the underground！I spend all morning checking numbers.Lunch is always .I often get a sandwich in nearby sandwich shop.Then in the afternoon，I return to the paperwork in the office.On Wednesday nights，I go to the gym.I need to do that because I don’t get enough .On Tuesday and Thursday nights，I have French classes.I work for a French company.So I think French will help me in my job.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于生活方式)‎ ‎1.自从两年前从四川大学毕业以来，我就在该组织做日常文书工作。‎ ‎2.一些员工和我一样常常工作到半夜。‎ ‎3.他们想拥有轻松的生活方式。‎ ‎4.所以我想通过问卷调查的形式来了解员工的抱怨和不满。这对我来说是一项极大的挑战。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用since引导的状语从句，which引导的定语从句。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇60词左右的英语短文)‎ Since I graduated from Sichuan University two years ago，I have been doing paperwork in this organization.Some employees often work until midnight like me.They want to have a relaxing lifestyle.So I want to know about the complaints and dissatisfaction of the employees through a questionnaire survey，which is a great challenge for me.‎ ‎(一)‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1.It took him a long time to repair desks and chairs in the classroom.‎ ‎2.This tip reduces(reduce) outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable.‎ ‎(2015·北京)‎ ‎3.It is always crowded(crowd)with customers at meal times.(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎4.If you need some help slowing down，turn on relaxing(relax) music.(2015·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎5.That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.(2015·广东)‎ ‎6.It can also be full of challenges(challenge)，setbacks and heartbreaks.(2015·福建)‎ ‎7.I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎8.One evening，standing(stand) under a jeweled sky，I found myself thankful for all the hardships.‎ ‎(2014·湖北)‎ ‎9.At the graduation ceremony，just as she expected，she was very proud to stand with a class of care，manners and confidence.(2015·广东)‎ ‎10.The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he had met some European business partners(partner).‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎(2016·广西钦州钦南区期中)‎ As you move around your home，take a good look at the things you have.It’s likely that your living room will have a television set and a video，and your kitchen will have a washing machine and a microwave oven.Your bedroom drawers will be filled with almost three times as many clothes as you need.You almost certainly own a car and possibly a home computer，holiday abroad at least once a year and eat out at least once a week.‎ Now，perhaps，more than ever before，people are wondering what life is all about，and what it is for.Seeking material success is beginning to trouble large numbers of people around the world.They feel that the longhour work culture to make more money to buy more things is eating up their lives，leaving them very little time or energy for family or pastimes.Many are turning to other ways of living and downshifting is one of them.‎ Six percent of workers in Britain took the decision to downshift last year.One couple who downshifted is Daniel and Liz.They used to work in central London.He was a newspaper reporter and she used to work for an international bank.They would go to work by train every day from their large house in the suburbs(郊区)，leaving their two children with a nanny(保姆).Most evenings ‎ Daniel wouldn’t get home until eight or nine o’clock，and nearly twice a month he would have to fly to New York for meetings.They both earned a large amount of money but began to feel that life was passing them by.‎ Nowadays，they run a farm in the mountains of Wales.“I always wanted to have a farm here，” says Daniel，“and we took almost a year to make the decision to downshift.It’s taken time to get used to，but it’s been worth it.We have to think twice now about spending money on car repairs and we no longer have any holidays.However，I think it’s made us stronger as a family，and the children are a lot happier.”‎ Liz，however，is not quite sure.“I used to enjoy my job，even though it was hard work and long hours.I’m not really a country girl，but I suppose I’m gradually getting used to looking after the animals.One thing I do like，though，is being able to see more of my children.My advice for other people wanting to do the same is not to think about it too much or you might not do it at all.”‎ 语篇解读　文章叙述了人们由对物质生活的追求，意识到生活的意义不仅仅在于金钱，还有其他更多的东西。因此开始转变生活方式，厌倦了住在市中心而愿意搬到郊区去住。‎ ‎11.What do the first two paragraphs tell us?‎ A.People seldom work long hours to make money.‎ B.People hardly buy more things than necessary.‎ C.People are sure everything they own is in the right place.‎ D.People realize more is involved in life than just making money.‎ 答案　D 解析　‎ 推理判断题。第一段文章叙述人们对物质生活的追求，但第二段指出，人们开始转变生活方式，意识到生活的意义不仅仅在于金钱，还有其他更多的东西，由此可知答案选D。‎ ‎12.Daniel agrees that the move to the farm .‎ A.was easy to organize B.has improved family life C.was extremely expensive D.has been a total success 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句话“However，I think it’s made us stronger as a family，and the children are a lot happier.”可知答案为B。‎ ‎13.The underlined word “downshifting” in the second paragraph means “ ”.‎ A.repairing your car by yourself B.spending money carefully C.moving out to the countryside to live a simpler and better life D.living in a big house in the suburbs and dining out once a week 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段的叙述，尤其是前三句话可以看出，所谓的downshift是指从城市中心搬到乡下或郊区去生活。‎ Ⅲ.七选五 ‎(2016·山东临沂模拟)‎ Elevenyearold Nya lives in South Sudan.For seven months of the year，she has to make two long walks to a pond near her village to fetch water for her family.During the dry months，the family moves to a camp by a lake where Nya and her family dig the clay of the lake bed with their ‎ hands and wait for hours to gather a small amount of dirty water that trickles in.‎ ‎ 14 Often they are unable to go to school to learn how to read and write.‎ But did you know that water is one of the most abundant resources on our planet？Water makes up 71%of the Earth’s surface. 15 We often tend to take water for granted until it is in short supply.‎ To bring our awareness to this lifegiving resource，the United Nations determined in 1993 that March 22nd every year will be observed to celebrate World Water Day.‎ Every year，the United Nations General Assembly sets a theme for the World Water Day. 16 The theme in 2016—water and jobs—intends to bring our attention to the quality of life of the workers who ensure the safety and availability of this critical resource.‎ ‎ 17 Workers in factories around the world fall ill and die when they have poor access to clean water.‎ In many countries，women and children like Nya walk several hours every day to bring home water to their families. 18 Now imagine，if clean and safe water was guaranteed—these children could be learning skills that could help them find better work.‎ A.But these jobs are often not paid for nor are they recognized.‎ B.This year’s theme is “Better Water，Better Jobs”.‎ C.What would happen if we run out of clean water?‎ D.Every day countless kids like Nya work hard to fetch clean water for their families.‎ E.Unfortunately only 3% of the water is fresh water that can support human and other animal life.‎ F.It is hard for these poor kids to fetch enough clean water.‎ G.Did you know that 340,000 workers die each year because of inadequate water supply?‎ 语篇解读　文章讲述了虽然地球的水资源很丰富，但可饮用的纯净水是很有限的，一些孩子们要努力工作为家人们获得干净的饮用水而不能去学校上学，还有一些人因得不到干净的饮用水生病甚至是死亡。‎ ‎14.答案　D 解析　由下文“Often they are unable to go to school to learn how to read and write.”提到一些孩子经常不能去学校学习，可知符合题意的只有答案D，即解释孩子们不能去学校学习的原因，是因为孩子们要努力工作为家人们获得干净的饮用水。‎ ‎15.答案　E 解析　根据上文“Water makes up 71% of the Earth’s surface.”可知地表水资源丰富；再根据下文“We often tend to take water for granted until it is in short supply.”可知其实淡水资源短缺，所以此处应表示虽然地球上的水资源丰富，但能饮用的淡水资源确实很短缺，所以答案是E(不幸的是只有3%的水资源可以供人类和动物饮用)。‎ ‎16.答案　B 解析　前文提到每年联合国大会都会为世界水日设定一个主题，而下文提到2016年世界水日的主题是关于水与工作的，所以可知此处应是2016年世界水日的主题，符合题意的只有答案B(今年的主题是“Better Water，Better Jobs”)。‎ ‎17.答案　G 解析　根据下文“Workers in factories around the world fall ill and die when they have poor access to clean water.”可知世界上有很多工人因为得不到干净的饮用水而生病或者是死亡，此句是对G项(你知道每年有340 000人因得不到干净的饮用水而死亡吗？)的说明故选G。‎ ‎18.答案　A 解析　前文提到一些女性和孩子们要努力工作为家人们获得干净的饮用水，并且他们的工作没有任何酬劳，所以答案是A。‎ Ⅳ.完形填空 ‎(2017·黑龙江牡丹江一中月考)‎ The most famous animal said to be capable of counting was a horse in Germany at the beginning of the 19th century called Clever Hans.The horse’s owner 19 that animals could think and reason as we can and that this 20 could come from training them.He trained Clever Hans to give the 21 to arithmetic(算术的) problems；the horse gave the correct answer by 22 the right number of times with its forefoot.The animal gave the correct answers not only to additions but to other arithmetic，too.It also gave the right answers when the questions were shown to it on a card.‎ This 23 was talked about so much that scientists studied the horse’s 24 .The committee，after a(n) 25 study，found that Clever Hans’s owner and trainer was 26 .He had not deliberately trained his horse to stop tapping by giving it a slight 27 .Members of the committee got the right answer from Hans 28 when the owner wasn’t there， 29 that this type of trickery(诡计) hadn’t happened.‎ It looked as if the horse really could think and 30 .But soon after this another scientist found that if the horse was asked questions to which none of the people there knew the answers，then the animal 31 gave a correct answer.The questions were asked by showing the horse a card that the questioner himself had not 32 .‎ This biologist soon discovered that the horse had actually 33 to very slight unconscious(下意识的) movements of head or body made by a questioner who knew the 34 number of taps.He counted the taps to himself，and when the horse got to the right number，the questioner’s tension(紧张感) was 35 by a small，unconscious movement of his head or body.The horse then 36 tapping.Questioners who didn’t know the answer didn’t do this.The horse had really 37 itself to answer these very small 38 during its training.‎ 语篇解读　‎ 本文属于记叙文，写了一匹能思考的马，很多科学家不相信，后来经过多方证实说明动物可以思考。‎ ‎19.A.remembered B.believed C.expected D.doubted 答案　B 解析　根据下文“He trained Clever Hans to give the to arithmetic(算术的) problems”可知，马的主人相信(believe)动物可以思考。故选B。‎ ‎20.A.ability B.knowledge C.method D.chance 答案　A 解析　句意为：他认为这种能力是可以被训练出来的。ability能力。故选A。‎ ‎21.A.answers B.information C.explanations D.facts 答案　A 解析　根据下文“the horse gave the correct answer”可知，这里指让Hans回答(answer)算数题。故选A。‎ ‎22.A.jumping B.dropping C.moving D.tapping 答案　D 解析　根据下文“with its forefoot”和“stop tapping”可知，Hans是用它的蹄子轻踏出(tap)正确的答案。故选D。‎ ‎23.A.problem B.case C.program D.model 答案　B 解析　根据上文可知，这里介绍一只马可以计算的案例(case)。故选B。‎ ‎24.A.interests B.hobbies C.ability D.habits 答案　C 解析　句意为：科学家研究马的能力。ability能力。故选C。‎ ‎25.A.simple B.careful C.general D.extra 答案　B 解析　句意为：科学家们进行仔细地研究以后，发现马的主人和训练者是诚实的。careful仔细的。故选B。‎ ‎26.A.independent B.creative C.honest D.patient 答案　C 解析　根据下文“He had not deliberately trained his horse to stop tapping by giving it a slight .”可知，这里指马的训练者是诚实的(honest)，故选C。‎ ‎27.A.praise B.trust C.hint D.attention 答案　C 解析　根据上文中说马的主人是诚实的可知，此处应指他没有给马暗示(hint)。故选C。‎ ‎28.A.even B.nearly C.still D.only 答案　A 解析　句意为：甚至在主人不在的时候协会的成员也从Hans那里得到了正确答案。表示递进关系，用even甚至。故选A。‎ ‎29.A.knowing B.considering C.proving D.pretending 答案　C 解析　根据上文的“Members of the committee got the right answer from Hans when the owner wasn’t there”可知，这证明(prove)这里面没有诡计。故选C。‎ ‎30.A.work B.count C.play D.argue 答案　B 解析　根据文章第一句中的“be capable of counting”可知，此处指这匹马确实会思考和数数(count)。故选B。‎ ‎31.A.ever B.sometimes C.always D.never 答案　D 解析　根据上文中的“But”可知，上下文为转折关系，所以此处指如果问这匹马一些在场者也不知道答案的题，它就无法给出正确答案。never从不。故选D。‎ ‎32.A.designed B.answered C.improved D.read 答案　D 解析　句意为：问题写在给马的一张卡片上，而提问者自己也没有读过卡片。read阅读。故选D。‎ ‎33.A.compared B.returned C.complained D.responded 答案　D 解析　句意为：生物学家很快发现马是通过提问者下意识的动作来回答问题的。respond回复。故选D。‎ ‎34.A.correct B.various C.strange D.direct 答案　A 解析　句意为：马是通过那些知道正确数量的提问者下意识的动作来回答问题的。correct正确的。故选A。‎ ‎35.A.ignored B.checked C.offered D.shown 答案　D 解析　句意为：提问者通过一个小的、无意识的头部或身体动作表现出(show)紧张感。故选D。‎ ‎36.A.practiced B.continued C.began D.stopped 答案　D 解析　‎ 根据上文可知，马数到正确的数字时，回答者会表现出紧张感，于是马就不再数了。stop停止。故选D。‎ ‎37.A.permitted B.regretted C.taught D.forced 答案　C 解析　句意为：马靠自学来回应这些小的动作。teach oneself自学。故选C。‎ ‎38.A.tricks B.movements C.questions D.instructions 答案　B 解析　根据上文“a small，unconscious movement”可知，马是回应这样的小动作(movement)。故选B。‎ ‎(二)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2017·重庆一中摸底考试)‎ According to a survey，only 4% of the people in the world are lefthanded.Why？One theory centers on the two halves of the brain.For example，the left half and the right half，each of which functions differently.Medical science believes that the left half of the brain dominates over the right half.The foundation of this theory is the fact that nerves from the brain cross over at necklevel to the opposite side of the body，and nerves from the other side of the brain reciprocate(互换).The end result is that the opposite sides of the body are controlled by the opposite sides of the brain.‎ The dominant left half of the brain，which kindly supplies the right half of the body，theoretically makes it more skillful in reading，writing，speaking，and working，and makes most people righthanded.Lefties，however，whose right half of the brain dominates，work best with the ‎ left side of their bodies.‎ Theory number two focuses on the asymmetrical nature of the body.Examples of the asymmetry，which flows from head to toe，are that the right side of our faces differs slightly from the left，that our legs differ in strength，or that our feet vary in size.One aspect of this asymmetry is that for most people the right hand is stronger than the left.‎ There is no doubt that all exist in a “righthanded society”，which produces most basics，including scissors，doorknobs，locks，screwdrivers，automobiles，buttons on clothing，and musical instruments for the 96%.Lefthanded people make up for the unfairness by being members of an elite(精英) society，which includes many of the greatest geniuses，including Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci.‎ ‎1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A.Lefthanded people are better at speaking.‎ B.Lefthanded people are believed to have stronger left halves of the brains.‎ C.Righthanded people are cleverer than lefthanded people.‎ D.Righthanded people work best with the right side of their bodies.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The dominant left half of the brain，which kindly supplies the right half of the body，theoretically makes it more skillful in reading，writing，speaking，and working，and makes most people righthanded.”可知用右手的人右半边身体工作的最好。故选D。‎ ‎2.Which of the words or phrases is closest in meaning to the word “asymmetrical”？‎ A.valuable　　　　　　　 B.not typical C.not balanced D.negative 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“...the right side of our faces differs slightly from the left，that our legs differ in strength，or that our feet vary in size.One aspect of this asymmetry is that for most people the right hand is stronger than the left.”可知划线的意思是：不对称。故选C。‎ ‎3.What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A.Lefthanded people may feel inconvenient in this righthanded society.‎ B.This is an equal society for the lefthanded people.‎ C.Most great geniuses are lefthanded.‎ D.Lefthanded people are considered to be disabled.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is no doubt that all exist in a‘righthanded society’...Lefthanded people make up for the unfairness by being members of an elite(精英) society...”可知使用左手的人在使用右手的社会里会感觉不方便。故选A。‎ ‎4.What’s the passage mainly talking about?‎ A.Which proves to be the better way to live，righthanded or lefthanded?‎ B.How do lefthanded people differ from righthanded ones?‎ C.Why are some people lefthanded?‎ D.Are lefthanded people equally treated in society?‎ 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段前两句“According to a survey，only 4% of the people in the world are lefthanded.Why？可知下文解释为什么有些人使用左手，可知C项符合题意。‎ B ‎(2017·江西新余一中、宜春一中联考)‎ Handson experience is still attractive to many buyers，although online ordering is popular in the UK today.‎ Oxford Street London is shoppers’ paradise，and most visitors head for Oxford Street.Halfway along is Selfridges，one of the world’s first department stores where the architecture and window dressing impress even before you go in.There are at least four other major stores on this street，plus Europe’s largest music shop.In December，the atmosphere is especially festive because of the Christmas lights which are always lighted by a politician，a great sportsman，or a super star.‎ Kensington High Street A fashionable area for shopping is Kensington High Street.One of its department stores even has a roof garden—good for relaxing between purchases.There’s also an organic food superstore.‎ Borough Market You can’t visit London and not go to a supermarket.One of the oldest and best for food is probably Borough Market on the south bank of the Thames.Get off the underground at London Bridge and wander among fresh fish stalls，bakeries，and fruit and vegetable sellers.You can also buy specialist food to take away，like cheeses，pork pies，mustard and chutney.‎ More places for bargains Portobello Road on a Saturday is your best choice for jewelry or collector’s items.It’s a short walk from the subway station at Notting Hill Gate and you never know what you will find.For clothes，Camden Market is the place.It gets a little crowded at the weekends，though.Convent Garden offers great experience for the simple pleasure of looking at jewelry and gifts.‎ ‎5.Oxford Street becomes special in December for .‎ A.the wonderful window dressing B.the Europe’s largest music shop C.the lights lit by a famous person D.many bargains to choose from 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Oxford Street部分的“In December，the atmosphere is especially festive because of the Christmas lights which are always lighted by a politician，a great sportsman，or a super star.”可知，十二月的Oxford Street之所以变得特别，是因为圣诞灯总是由政治家、伟大的运动员或超级明星点亮。故选C。‎ ‎6.To enjoy food，you can go to .‎ A.Borough Market B.Camden Market ‎ C.Kensington High Street D.Portobello Road 答案　A 解析　细节理解解。根据Borough Market部分的“Get off the underground at London Bridge and wander among fresh fish stalls，bakeries，and fruit and vegetable sellers.You can also buy specialist food to take away，like cheeses，pork pies，mustard and chutney.”可知，Borough Market是买食物的最佳选择，故选A。‎ ‎7.Where is this passage probably taken from?‎ A.A science book.‎ B.A traveler’s journal.‎ C.A shopping guide.‎ D.A news report.‎ 答案　C 解析　文章出处题。此篇文章介绍了伦敦的几个购物的地方，因此很可能出自购物指南。故选C。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2016·湖北恩施州建始一中月考)‎ Time flies！This is 8. third year that I have been in this school.In the past two and a half years，our school 9. (organize) many activities.What impressed me 10. (much) was an activity 11. (call) “Learning to Farm”.On an autumn afternoon，we 12. (send) to a farm 13. we learnt to plant potatoes.14. (be) in the city for such a long time，we were so happy to go to the countryside.After 15. (divide) into three groups，we started to work.Some cut potatoes 16. pieces，and 17. put the pieces of potatoes into the holes and put the earth back.‎ ‎8.答案　the 解析　考查冠词。third是序数词，“the＋序数词＋名词”表示“第……个/批”。‎ ‎9.答案　has organized 解析　考查时态。in＋the past＋一段时间，表示过去某时到现在的一段时间，且表示动作对现在的情况有所影响。故可判断用现在完成时。‎ ‎10.答案　most 解析　考查形容词的最高级。过去两年多时间里举办的活动很多，印象最深刻的一个，故用最高级。‎ ‎11.答案　called 解析　考查过去分词。这里考查动词的过去分词作后置定语修饰前面的名词activity。‎ ‎12.答案　were sent 解析　考查时态和语态。回忆过去发生的事用过去时态，动词send与主语we是被动关系，故用被动语态。‎ ‎13.答案　where 解析　考查关系词。先行词是farm，表地点，由关系副词where引导。‎ ‎14.答案　Having been 解析　考查非谓语动词。用having done结构作状语，表示此动作发生在主句动作之前。‎ ‎15.答案　being divided 解析　考查非谓语动词。介词after后用动名词作宾语，divide与主语we是动宾关系，所以用being divided。‎ ‎16.答案　into 解析　考查固定搭配。cut sth.into pieces把某物切成小块。‎ ‎17.答案　others 解析　考查代词。前文提到一些学生把土豆切成小块，这里指代其他学生。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2017·河北故城高级中学月考)‎ I had a interesting dream last night.I dreamed that I joined a race.At first，I could not run very fast and fell behind.So I didn’t lose my heart and kept running.All the students on the playground cheer me on，“Come on！”‎ I was too encouraged that I ran faster and fast till I caught up with all the other runners.I felt as if flying like a superman.In the end，I got to the finishing line first.I won the race.I felt very proudly of myself.Many of my classmate threw me up into the air.Just at that time，I woke up and found me still in bed!‎ 答案　‎ I had interesting dream last night.I dreamed that I joined a race.At first，I could not run very fast and fell behind. I didn’t lose my heart and kept running.All the students on the playground me on，“Come on！”‎ I was encouraged that I ran faster and till I caught up with all the other runners.I felt as if flying like a superman.In the end，I got to the finishing line first.I won the race.I felt very of myself.Many of my threw me up into the air.Just at that time，I woke up and found still in bed!‎ Ⅳ.书面表达 假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华，你的英国笔友Chris刚刚转学，感到一切都很陌生。他在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境。请你根据以下信息回信。‎ ‎1.多跟同学交流沟通；‎ ‎2.积极参加学校活动；‎ ‎3.向老师寻求帮助。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Chris，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 参考范文 Dear Chris，‎ I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school.Such problems are quite normal.Perhaps the following suggestions may be helpful.‎ First，I think you may need to communicate with your classmates as much as possible.In this way，you will get to know each other better.Second，it might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities，which usually involve teamwork and interactions with other students and are good for developing friendly relationships.Besides，faced with some tough problems，you might consider asking your teachers，who can usually offer you some sensible suggestions.‎ I sincerely hope my advice will be of some help to you.If there is anything more I can do to help，please let me know.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua