【英语】2021届新高考英语一轮复习课时提能练北师大版：选修8Unit24Society作业

【英语】2021届新高考英语一轮复习课时提能练北师大版：选修8Unit24Society作业

课时提能练47-48‎ 课时提能练(四十七)‎ 选修8　Unit 24　Society(A)‎ 课时作业A：基础层面 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Yu Fang insisted that she was (be) tired and was willing to stay the night but I insisted that she (should)_go (go) at once.‎ ‎2．I'd rather you met (meet) her at the airport tomorrow morning.‎ ‎3．It is bad manners to show off your knowledge and cleverness in public.‎ ‎4．It's high time that we did/should_do (do) something to improve the situation.‎ ‎5．New means of transport make it possible to travel around cities within hours.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Jack has just bought another new car；he must be very good off.good→well ‎2．I'd rather we have a rest now.have→had ‎3．Don't take it serious—he was only teasing.serious→seriously ‎4．A volcano in Indonesia erupted on November the 16th,2010，and consequent，hundreds of people were killed.consequent→consequently ‎5．New technologies have made this possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.this→it Ⅲ.选词成篇 A Several days ago，the police 1.kept_an_eye_on three thieves who had 2.broken_into a bank.3.To_start_with，they 4.took_it_seriously and came up with a good plan.They arrested the thieves without any difficulty.Finally the thieves 5.were_sentenced_to three years in prison.‎ B Volunteering work 6.plays_an_important_role_in our society.7.To_start_with we should try as much as we can to help the people in need.If we 8.do_our_best in our life，it will 9.contribute_to the whole work greatly.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．I'd_rather_you_hadn't (我宁愿你没有)hurt him that day.‎ ‎2．It's high time that we put/should_put_an_end_to_this_discussion(结束讨论)．‎ ‎3．The Internet makes_it_easier_for_people(使人们更容易) to know about the world.‎ ‎4．What_if (如果……该怎么办)he was going to die?‎ ‎5．Not_your_IQ_but_your_attitude (不是你的智商而是你的态度)to study and method that matter.‎ 课时作业B：能力层面 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·成都市毕业班摸底测试)A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a friendly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for.To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say “Cheers！” around the world.‎ Who doesn't dream of living the good life in France? The food alone is well worth the trip since the French basically invented fine cuisine.They also invented a little golden liquid called the Champagne! Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their “cheers”：à votre santé！‎ Is it just us，or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm? It's lovely anytime：brunch，to celebrate something，or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend.It originated in Italy's Veneto region but is now available all over the world.When in Italy，the most common toast is “cin cin”， which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan.It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country.If you find yourself in the land of Japan，stick with “kampai”， which means “cheers！”‎ If you haven't been to Ireland—what are you waiting for? It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness.The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but，again，practice makes perfect.Simply say，“Slàinte mhath.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。在不同国家和地区，如何表达“干杯”体现了当地的文化和风情。本文分别介绍了在法国、意大利、日本和爱尔兰如何表达“干杯”。‎ ‎1．What is the French way of saying “Cheers”？‎ A．A votre santé.　 B．Cin cin.‎ C．Kampai. D．Slàinte mhath.‎ A　[细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their ‘cheers’：à votre santé！”可知，在法国，干杯时说“à votre santé！”，故A项正确。]‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．The Italian wine.‎ B．A toast from China.‎ C．A Japanese custom.‎ D．A French expression.‎ B　[代词指代题。根据第三段第四、五句“When in Italy，the most common toast is ‘cin cin’， which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan”可知，意大利常见的祝酒词是“cin cin”，起源于中国；然而在日本，不要把这个当作祝酒词。结合该句“It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country”可知，这种起源于中国的祝酒词可能让你被赶出酒吧；据此可知，It指代源于中国的祝酒词，故B项正确。]‎ ‎3．What can we learn about Ireland from the text?‎ A．It is famous for food.‎ B．Its language is simple.‎ C．It makes perfect wine.‎ D．It is well worth visiting.‎ D　[推理判断题。根据尾段第二句“It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness”可知，爱尔兰是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一。酒吧里充满了故事，在那里当地人和游客聚在一起举杯畅饮。据此可以判断，爱尔兰值得一游，故D项正确。]‎ ‎4．What's the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To introduce the worldfamous wine.‎ B．To show how to make friends in bars.‎ C．To give suggestions on drinking regionally.‎ D．To recommend some famous travel destinations.‎ C　[写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文第一段尾句“To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say ‘Cheers！’ around the ‎ world”为文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在不同国家和地区说“干杯”的方式；据此可以判断，本文旨在介绍在不同国家和地区如何说“干杯”，故C项正确。]‎ B ‎(2019·陕西省部分学校摸底检测) In the story of The Crow and the Pitcher from Aesop's Fables，a thirsty crow(乌鸦) drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink.‎ Now scientists have evidence to back up that story.Crows actually do understand how to make water displacement(排水量) work to their advantage，experiments show.The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as firstgraders.‎ Researchers，led by Sarah Jelbert at the University of Cambridge，presented six crows with tubes containing water.Inside the tubes，a worm or a piece of meat on a piece of wood was floating，just out of reach of the crow.In front of the tubes，the researchers arranged several rubber erasers that would sink，and some plastic objects that would float.The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.‎ However，the_birds_handled_awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow one to get a snack，the researchers said.Dropping objects into a narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops; while it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube.The crows obviously didn't realize this，and most of them went for the wide tube first.‎ Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks.In a 2011 study，chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was floating in a small amount of water at the bottom.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了科学家通过实验对乌鸦智商的研究。‎ ‎5．How did the crows get the snack in Sarah's experiment?‎ A．By breaking the tube.‎ B．By dropping in erasers.‎ C．By standing on the wood.‎ D．By removing the wood.‎ B　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack”可知，乌鸦能够把橡皮擦扔到管里，使水位升高，然后吃到零食。所以选B项。]‎ ‎6．What does the author mean by “the birds handled awkwardly” in Paragraph 4?‎ A．They were unable to tell different shapes.‎ B．They dropped objects only into narrow tubes.‎ C．They were not aware of the snack at first sight.‎ D．They mostly avoided the easier way to get the snack.‎ D　[推理判断题。从第四段可知，实验中的乌鸦在面对粗细不同的管子时，虽然只需往细管里投两次物体就可以够到零食，而需往粗管里投大约七次物体才能够到零食，但是乌鸦往往先去粗管那边，而没有选择更容易获得零食的细管。由此可推知，画线部分是说它们通常没有选择更容易的方式以得到零食。]‎ ‎7．What does the text mainly focus on?‎ A．Stories of Aesop's Fables.‎ B．The development of crows.‎ C．Crows' intelligence.‎ D．Humananimal communication.‎ C　[主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as firstgraders”以及下文中的实验可知，整篇文章都是围绕乌鸦的智商问题来展开的。]‎ ‎8．What do we know about crows in the passage?‎ A．Crows are almost as clever as firstgraders in some aspects.‎ B．Crows understand water displacement completely.‎ C．Chimps and children are much smarter than crows.‎ D．The story of The Crow and the Pitcher lacks evidence.‎ A　[推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as firstgraders”可知，乌鸦在一些方面几乎跟一年级学生一样聪明。]‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·重庆市质量调研抽测)‎ Ways to Get Your Kids into Nature Being in nature for kids has tremendous health benefits.There are many ways you can incorporate nature into your children's lives，even if you live in the city.‎ Inspire curiosity by being curious yourself.A parent's excitement can be spread to the children，and when you show respect for nature，your children follow ‎ suit.__1__.“I don't know! Let's find out together.” is a wonderful way to get the ball rolling.Be open to a mutual adventure and allow your curious inner child to come out while you explore nature with your children.‎ ‎__2__.If you have to carpool(拼车) in the morning，turn off the devices instead and encourage your children to look out of the window.The early morning fall skies are beautiful with color and migrating birds.After all，even views of nature from the car window are calming and beneficial.‎ Stop thinking about nature time as leisure time.Time in nature is an essential investment in your children's health and wellbeing.If you view nature time as essential to good health，you will be more likely to engage in it.__3__， nurturing creativity and wonder is part of your responsibility as parents.‎ Look at the stars.Visit your local observatory，and then drive out of the city some morning or evening for your own stargazing (天体观察) with a blanket and telescope. Observing the stars offers a deeper and wider understanding of the universe. __4__.‎ Plant a small garden.__5__.Bean and pea plants grow quickly and can be eaten when mature，so teach your children about food and the wonder of growth.‎ A．Limit electronic devices while driving B．Encourage questions you don't know the answers to C．If you want to raise your healthy，wellbalanced children D．If you have the space，help your children plant a few vegetables E．It will teach teamwork，pride in the community，and family togetherness F．If your child is interested，encourage him to get involved in the community G．Allow yourself to think about it，and talk to your children about that wonder ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了让孩子融入自然的一些方法。‎ ‎1．B　[根据下文中的“‘I don't know！Let's find out together.’ is a wonderful way to get the ball rolling”，并与上文中的“Inspire curiosity”呼应可推知，此处表示鼓励孩子一起探索你自己也不知道答案的问题，从而引起好奇心，故选B项。]‎ ‎2．A　[根据空后一句“If you have to carpool (拼车) in the morning，turn off the devices instead and encourage your children to look out of the window”可推知，开车时关掉电子设备，多看看窗外也是一种与自然接触的方式，故选A项。]‎ ‎3．C　[承接上文“Time in nature is an essential investment in your children's health and wellbeing”和空后的“nurturing creativity...as ‎ parents”可推知，如果想要培养出健康、明智的孩子，培养他们的创造性和好奇心也是作为父母的责任，故选C项。]‎ ‎4．G　[根据上文“Observing the stars offers a deeper and wider understanding of the universe”可推知，和孩子一起观察星空能够加深对自然界的理解，与G项呼应，故选G项。]‎ ‎5．D　[承接上文“Plant a small garden”，并与下文“Bean and pea plants grow quickly and can be eaten when mature，so teach your children about food and the wonder of growth”呼应可推知，此处作者建议父母开辟一个小菜园，帮孩子种点蔬菜，一起见证它们生长的奇迹，故选D项。]‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2019·武汉调研)World Sleep Day falls on March 16.This year's theme concerns sleep and women.‎ More women suffer from insomnia (失眠) than men，but only 4 percent of them go to a doctor to get help.A Beijing newspaper 1.________(report) recently. A study by 2.________international organization in the paper said that women 3.________(age) 30 to 60 sleep six hours and 41 minutes a day 4.________ average.‎ Young people have also been shown to suffer from a lack of sleep.Statistics from a Chinese medical research centre show that in 5.________(city) like Beijing and Shanghai,40 percent of young people suffer from insomnia，and 80 percent suffer from great tiredness due to poor quality sleep.‎ Experts blame heavy 6.________(press) and competition at work for poor 7.________(sleep) habits.The longterm effects can be unhappiness，anxiety and depression，8.________can in turn lead to chronic illnesses(慢性病)，9.________ (especial) in women.‎ There are，however，a couple of tricks for getting a good sleep，such as maintaining an optimistic attitude，keeping a regular，10.________(day) routine，or finding time for sports.Also，you can develop healthy habits，such as keeping the bedroom clean and avoiding tea，coffee，or wine before sleeping.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。今年世界睡眠日关注的是女性的睡眠问题。调查发现，许多女性睡眠不足，年轻人也是如此。文章介绍了导致睡眠不足的原因及其解决方法。‎ ‎1．reported　[考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“recently”，再结合上文可知，上述结果是北京的一家报纸报道过的，表示已经发生过的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ ‎2．an　[考查不定冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一个国际组织”，且international的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。]‎ ‎3．aged ‎　[考查形容词。分析该句结构可知，空处作名词“women”的后置定语，应用age的形容词形式aged，表示“年龄介于三十到六十岁的女性”。]‎ ‎4．on　[考查固定搭配。on average为固定搭配，意为“平均”。句意：在该报纸中一项由一个国际组织进行的研究表明，30到60岁的女性平均每天睡6小时41分钟。]‎ ‎5．cities　[考查名词单复数。根据该句中的“like Beijing and Shanghai”可知，该处指“像北京、上海那样的城市”，为复数意义，故用cities。]‎ ‎6．pressure　[考查名词。根据该句中“and competition”，再结合空前的形容词“heavy”可知，该形容词修饰两个并列的名词，故用press的名词形式pressure，表示“压力”。]‎ ‎7．sleeping　[考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词habits，表示“睡眠习惯”，故用形容词sleeping。]‎ ‎8．which　[考查关系词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，空处在从句中作主语，指代前面的“unhappiness，anxiety and depression”，故用关系代词which引导该定语从句。]‎ ‎9．especially　[考查副词。空处修饰短语“in women”，故用副词形式。]‎ ‎10．daily　[考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词“routine”，表示“日常生活”，故用day的形容词形式daily。]‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2019·合肥市第二次教学质量检测)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Our school sports meeting finally came to end last Friday.Tiring but cheerful，we made it a success.I can say it's the best one I have ever been taken part in.The opening ceremony was a feast for the eyes.To begin with，the headmaster makes a speech. Then came various performance，including singing，dancing and kung fu.Besides，some students dressed up as dolls，and that they wanted to show was confident and talent.When the teachers' shows began，the audience went crazily.As a class photographer，I took pictures of such many brilliant moments，which，with doubt，meant a lot to all of us.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ Our school sports meeting finally came to end last Friday. but cheerful，we made it a success.I can say it's the best one I have ever been taken part in.The opening ceremony was a feast for the eyes.To begin with，the headmaster a speech.Then came various ， including singing，dancing and kung fu.Besides，some students dressed up as dolls，and they wanted to show was and talent.When the teachers' shows began，the audience went .As a class photographer，I took pictures of many brilliant moments，which， doubt，meant a lot to all of us.‎ 课时提能练(四十八)‎ 选修8　Unit 24　Society(B)‎ 课时作业A：基础层面 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．What if it rained and then froze all through those months?‎ ‎2．His wife died and he resigned himself to living (live) alone.‎ ‎3．I don't want to be a burden on/to my children when I'm old.‎ ‎4．Employees may elect to_take (take) their pensions in monthly payments or as single lump sum.‎ ‎5．Vitamin B12 can be found in abundance in eggs，meat，fish，poultry and dairy.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He failed all his attempts and now he has to resign his fate.resign后加to ‎2．He was elected to be the chairman of the Student Union at school.‎ 去掉第一个the ‎3．We had to break in the house because we had lost the key.in→into ‎4．Some parents complain that their children are burdened to heavy homework.‎ to→with ‎5．It's time that the factory takes action to deal with water pollution.‎ takes→took或should_take Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．她负责整个计划的组织工作。‎ She undertook_the_organization of the whole scheme.‎ ‎2．科学家们说，他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。‎ Scientists say they are beginning to break_through in the fight against cancer.‎ ‎3．应该是孩子们睡觉的时候了。‎ It is high time_that_the_children_should_go to bed.‎ ‎4．我们只好离开国家了。‎ We must resign_ourselves_to leaving the country.‎ ‎5．他们对仇敌无怜悯之意。‎ They showed_little_mercy_to their enemies.‎ 课时作业B：能力层面 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·济宁一中高三第四次月考)Many of the world's most successful people were once failures.Here are the stories of a few of them.‎ Abraham Lincoln (1809－1865)‎ Abraham Lincoln was one of America's greatest leaders，taking the country through the Civil War (from 1861 to 1865)．However，his life was never easy.He started numerous businesses that failed，he went bankrupt twice，and was defeated in 26 campaigns for public office.He later said，“My great concern is not whether you have failed，but whether you are content with your failure.”‎ Vincent Van Gogh (1853－1890)‎ Van Gogh is one of the most famous and influential painters in the history of Western Art.He's renowned for paintings such as The Starry Night，The Potato Eaters and Sunflowers.However，during his lifetime，Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money.Despite this，he carried on painting，something even going without food so he could complete his collection of over 800 known works.‎ Albert Einstein (1879－1955)‎ Albert Einstein won the Noble Prize in Physics in 1921.However，he wasn't always considered a “genius”．He didn't speak until he was four，and couldn't read until he was seven.His teachers and parents thought he was slow，so he was expelled from school and couldn't get into the Zurich Polytechnic School.He later famously said，“Success is failure in progress.”‎ Stephen King (born 1947)‎ Stephen King is one of the bestselling authors of all time，but his first book，Carrie，was rejected by about 30 publishers.Eventually，Stephen threw it in the bin，but his wife fished it out and encouraged him to resubmit it，which he did...successfully this time!‎ ‎【语篇解读】　世界上有许多人在成功之前都遭遇了失败，本文就为我们列举了几位著名人物的相关事例。‎ ‎1．Which statement is TRUE about Abraham Lincoln?‎ A．He led the American War of Independence.‎ B．He never succeeded in his business.‎ C．He was full of courage and perseverance.‎ D．He is the greatest president of the United States.‎ C　[推理判断题。由Abraham Lincoln部分的最后一句“He later said，‘My great concern is not whether you have failed，but whether you are content with your failure.’”可推断出，虽然历经失败，但亚伯拉罕·林肯仍充满勇气并坚持不懈，故选C。]‎ ‎2．Who became famous all over the world after his death?‎ A．Abraham Lincoln.‎ B．Vincent Van Gogh.‎ C．Albert Einstein.‎ D．Stephen King.‎ B　[推理判断题。由Vincent Van Gogh部分的第三句“However，during his lifetime，Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money.”可推断出梵·高是在去世之后，才闻名于全世界的，故选B。]‎ ‎3．What was the most likely reason for Albert Einstein's dropping out of school?‎ A．He was too slow to learn.‎ B．He couldn't speak or read.‎ C．His teacher thought he was stupid.‎ D．He didn't obey the school rules.‎ C　[推理判断题。由Albert Einstein部分的第四句“His teachers and parents thought he was slow，so he was expelled from school and couldn't get into the Zurich Polytechnic School.”可推断出爱因斯坦被退学，最可能的原因就是老师认为他很笨，slow在此处意为“迟钝的，笨的”，故选C。]‎ ‎4．What do these people have in common?‎ A．They are all Americans.‎ B．They are known for their writings.‎ C．They were born in the same century.‎ D．They all suffered failure before they succeeded.‎ D　[推理判断题。由文章第一段“Many of the world's most successful people were once failures.Here are the stories of a few of them.”可知，这些人的共同之处是他们在成功之前都遭遇了失败，故选D。]‎ B ‎(2019·重庆巴蜀中学期中)Scientists have found living organisms trapped in crystals(晶体) that could be 50,000 years old.‎ The organisms were found in a hot，but beautiful cave system in Naica，Mexico.These ancient life forms can be seen only with a microscope.Penelope Boston，who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA，the space agency of the United States，says the ancient microbes were able to live by eating minerals such as iron.‎ She spoke about the discovery recently at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.If the findings are confirmed，they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions.Forty different kinds of microbes and some viruses were found in the underground area.The genetic structures of these organisms are 10 percent different from those of their nearest relatives.‎ The caves in Naica are 800 kilometers deep.They were once used for mining lead.Before the miners began working in the caves，the area was separated from the surface and the outside world.Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europe's Middle Ages.There are crystals covering the walls.The caves are so hot that scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool.The clothing keeps the crystals safe from human germs(病菌) or other damage.Boston said the researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they had to go to a room that was 38 degrees Celsius to cool down.‎ NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts before last week's announcement.So scientists could not say much about the findings.But Norine Noonan，a biologist with the University of South Florida，said she believed them.“Why are we surprised？”Noonan asked.“As a biologist，I would say life on Earth is extremely tough and extremely colorful.”‎ Boston is also studying microbes commonly found inside caves in other countries，such as Ukraine and the United States.These microbes appear to be impossible to ‎ kill.Boston said they show how difficult life on Earth can be.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　这篇文章主要讲了科学家在墨西哥发现了5万岁的“超级生命”，这些古老的微生物能够通过食用铁等矿物质生存。‎ ‎5．The existence of the ancient microbes relies on ________.‎ A．surrounding insects　 B．eating minerals C．diverse plants D．absorbing air B　[细节理解题。由第二段最后一句中的“says the ancient microbes were able to live by eating minerals such as iron”可知，这些古老的微生物能够通过食用铁等矿物质生存。故选B。]‎ ‎6．What can we infer about the caves in Naica from the passage?‎ A．The temperature in the caves is quite low.‎ B．The environment in the caves is difficult to adapt to.‎ C．The walls are covered by crystals.‎ D．The caves have been explored since they were formed.‎ B　[推理判断题。由第四段最后四句可知，洞穴里相当热，科学家必须穿特殊的衣服才能保持凉爽，而且研究人员每次只能工作约20分钟，然后他们就得到38摄氏度的房间里降温。由此可以推断出，洞穴里的环境很难适应。选B。]‎ ‎7．What is the biologist Norine Noonan's attitude towards the findings?‎ A．Neutral. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Positive. D．Indifferent.‎ C　[观点态度题。由倒数第二段中的“She believed them”，再结合后面她说的话可知，她对这些发现是持乐观态度的。故选C。]‎ ‎8．What's the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Living organisms bring hope to scientific research.‎ B．Caves provide living environment for living organisms.‎ C．Microbes show great power to survive in terrible conditions.‎ D．Scientists discover 50,000yearold “super life” in Mexico.‎ D　[主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了科学家在墨西哥发现了5万岁的“超级生命”，这些古老的微生物能够通过食用铁等矿物质生存。故选D。]‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·安徽江淮十校联考)Teens are certainly confusing and complicated，but there is one thing that's clear about them：More than anything else，they want to fit in with their peers.They want and need to stay connected.Without connection，they feel lonely，anxious and sad，__1__.‎ Teens，like adults，run into all sorts of dilemmas with their friends.Friendships are neither all good nor all bad.As an adult，you have experience with these sorts of friends and have made your own adjustments in these relationships.Given both your own life experience and your concern for your teens，you're in an excellent position to help your teens set boundaries with friends.Certainly，some friendships are worth maintaining，while some are not, __2__.There are many ways you can help your teens handle these relationships effectively.Here are some steps I would suggest taking：‎ ‎·Teach your teens to label their feelings.They need to know what it is that they are feeling first to effectively set limits and boundaries with friends.Help them label setbacks，exhaustion，disappointment and anger.This is no small task.Many kids struggle with labeling their feelings.‎ ‎·__3__.If they sense that something is wrong in a friendship，they're probably right，and they need to quit it as soon as possible.‎ ‎·Explain to your teens that they can't be all things to all friends.And let them know that friendships are most likely to grow and continue if they feel good about them.‎ ‎·Discuss different ways to set boundaries.Explain to your kids that just as it makes sense to say yes at times，__4__.Just as it's fine to spend lots of time with a friend during the week，it's equally OK to spend less time with the same friend when that friend is being too demanding or needy.‎ ‎·Look at your behavior in relationships.__5__.They are quietly watching your every move.So make sure you're setting a good example for them to follow in your relationships as well.‎ A．so they need to tell what are right relationships B．and they shall find their way out of those friendships C．Keep in mind that you are your teens' most important role model D．Remind your teens of bad relationships E．it's also socially acceptable to say no at other times F．Encourage your teens to mind their feelings and follow the sixth sense G．but they may get exhausted by their friendships as well ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。青少年没有朋友会感到孤独、焦虑和悲伤。本文主要讲述父母应该指导孩子如何交朋友和如何处理与朋友之间的关系。‎ ‎1．G ‎　[根据上文可知，如果孩子们缺乏与他人的交往，他们会感到孤独、焦虑和悲伤。因此推断G项“但是他们也会因为自己与他人的友谊处理不当而感到身心疲惫”符合语境。故选G。]‎ ‎2．B　[根据上文“Certainly，some friendships are worth maintaining，while some are not”可知，有些友谊值得维持，而有些不值得，因此推断当友谊不值得维持时，孩子们应该找到办法摆脱那些友谊。故选B。]‎ ‎3．F　[空格处是段落主题句。由下文可知，如果孩子们感到友谊有什么不对，他们应该是对的，需要尽快从中摆脱出来。因此推断本段讲述父母应该鼓励孩子们遵从自己的感觉，听从直觉。故选F。]‎ ‎4．E　[根据段落主题句和空前的一句可知，与孩子讨论设置友谊界线的方法，向孩子们解释，在维护友谊的过程中，有时候要说“是”，E项“有时候说‘不’也是社交中认可的”符合语境。故选E。]‎ ‎5．C　[根据下文可知，孩子们注视着你的一举一动，所以要确保为他们做好表率，因此推断C项“记住，你是孩子最重要的榜样”。故选C。]‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 DIY in ‎Britain The British like DIY.A lot of people always spend their holidays 1.________ (make) their homes more beautiful.If there is anything 2.________ needs repairing or decorating around their homes，such as painting walls and putting in a new shower，they will do the jobs 3.________ (they)．They share DIY experience 4.________ their friends.DIY can save money.So，it is not surprising that DIY is very popular.‎ DIY can be difficult.People often find it not easy 5.________ (build) a piece of furniture because they can't understand the 6.________ (direct) well.What's more，DIY can also be 7.________(danger)．For example，anything electrical should be done by a professional worker.8.________(unlucky)，many people don't care about this warning and put themselves in danger.It is reported that thousands of people 9.________(hurt) while doing DIY in the UK last year.‎ All in all，DIY can bring us fun and help us save money，10.________it is not always as easy as it is thought to be.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。家里有东西需要修理或者装饰时，英国人喜欢自己动手。‎ ‎1．making　[考查v.ing。spend time doing sth.意为“花时间做某事”。]‎ ‎2．that　[考查定语从句。先行词是anything，关系词用that。误解分析：本空容易错填which。当先行词是不定代词时，用that，不用which。]‎ ‎3．themselves　[考查代词。家里有东西需要修理或者装饰时，英国人喜欢自己动手。这里用themselves指代英国人自己。]‎ ‎4．with　[考查介词。share sth.with sb.与某人分享某物。]‎ ‎5．to build　[考查不定式。it在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to build a piece of furniture。]‎ ‎6．directions　[考查名词。空格中所填单词在句中作understand的宾语，需用direct的名词形式。direction作“用法说明”时，常用复数形式。]‎ ‎7．dangerous　[考查形容词。空格中所填单词在句中作表语，需用danger的形容词形式。]‎ ‎8．Unluckily　[考查副词。此处需要一个副词，故用unlucky的副词形式。]‎ ‎9．were hurt　[考查动词时态与语态。主语 people是谓语动词动作hurt的承受者，需用被动语态，再根据时间状语last year可知，此处应用一般过去时。]‎ ‎10．but　[考查连词。前后之间意义上存在转折关系，故用but连接。]‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2019·石家庄质量检测二)When I was in high school，I wanted to get a scholarship to a university.I liked singing，so I try out for a scholarship for music.But I failed to get one.I was real upset.I felt like failure.I just kept feeling sorry for me.However，after a few day，I decided not to let one single loss to keep me from doing what I love.But I cheered up and devoted myself to sing again.I think that accepting failure is that we need to do first before we success eventually.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ When I was in high school，I wanted to get a scholarship to a university.I liked singing，so I out for a scholarship for music.But I failed to get one.I was upset.I felt like failure.I just kept feeling sorry for .However，after a few ， I decided not to let one single loss to　keep me from doing what I love. I cheered up and devoted myself to again.I think that accepting failure is we need to do first before we eventually.‎ Ⅴ.书面表达 ‎(2019·贵州省适应性考试)假定你是李华，为了帮助参加“一带一路”交流项目的来华留学生更好地了解中国的传统文化，你所在的学校决定举办春节联欢活动。请给你的朋友Paul写一封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：‎ ‎1．时间、地点及参与者；‎ ‎2．活动：写“福”字、包饺子、学剪纸等；‎ ‎3．目的：感受“年”味及传统文化的魅力。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：一带一路One Belt One Road ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear Paul，‎ How is everything going here in China? I am writing to tell you that our school will hold a Spring Festival celebration in the Art‎ ‎Center on January 28. And we will invite all the students from the One Belt One Road exchange program to participate to know more about Chinese culture. I hope you can come too.‎ During the celebration, we will write the Chinese character Fu, make dumplings and learn paper cutting. We hope these will help you experience the Spring Festival atmosphere. Besides, the celebration will show the charm of Chinese traditional culture.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua