湖南汨罗市 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮选练

湖南汨罗市 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮选练

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 湖南汨罗市 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮选练 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 (2016·河南省普通高中毕业班适应性测试) Is geography important? Here's a question for you to answer. What have the following countries got in common: Australia, Japan, the United Kingdom, Iceland and Madagascar? Quite easy if you can picture them on the globe — they are all islands. All of these nations are surrounded by sea. What have these five nations got in common? Hungary, Botswana, Kazakhstan, Paraguay and Liechtenstein. They are all landlocked. In other words, in contrast to the first five countries whose coastline forms their border, the second five have no coastline at all. If you are a Hungarian or a Paraguayan, you have to pass through somebody else's country if you want to go to the beach. Liechtenstein is even more of a geographical phenomenon; it is “doubly landlocked” because the countries that surround it — Austria and Switzerland are also landlocked. There is only one other country in the world in a similar position, Uzbekistan, which is surrounded by five other landlocked countries. Go and have a look at the map if you want to know which. So how do countries become landlocked? If you are Swiss or Nepalese, you have probably never thought things could be any other way. Switzerland's mountains, like the Himalayas, have formed a natural boundary for thousands of years. But there are borders. Where one country ends and another begins is not something that is fixed for all time. There are countries like Ethiopia and Bolivia which did have a bit of coast but don't any more. Does it matter? The Ethiopians are not happy that the creation of Eritrea means they now have to use another country's port, when before they had a long coastline on the Red Sea. But why does coastline matter so much? Throughout history people have preferred to live near the sea, and not just for the fish. Sea means trade, which means wealth. Think of the great successful cities like Singapore, New York or Hong Kong today. Russia has fought several wars over the centuries so that its ships could have access to the Baltic, the Black Sea and the Pacific. ________________ 1.What have countries like Hungary, Botswana, Kazakhstan, Paraguay and Liechtenstein got in common? A.They have no borders. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 B.They have no coastline at all. C.They are all surrounded by sea. D.They had long coastlines before. 2.Which group of the following countries are doubly landlocked ones? A.Liechtenstein and Uzbekistan. B.Iceland and Madagascar. C.Australia and the United Kingdom. D.Austria and Switzerland. 3.Why does coastline matter so much? A.Because sea means wealth. B.Because people can eat fish. C.Because borders are fixed all time. D.Because people prefer to live near the sea. 4.What's the missing sentence at the end of the text? A.Coastline is the main cause of wars. B.Then what's the disadvantage of coastline? C.Geography, it seems, can make a big difference. D.Perhaps other means of transport can be improved. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了地理位置的重要性。 1．解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“In other words ...the second five have no coastline at all.”可知，这五个国家都没有海岸线。故答案选 B。 2．解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Liechtenstein is even more ...are also landlocked.” 及第二句中的“There is only one other country in the world in a similar position, Uzbekistan” 可知，列支敦士登和乌兹别克斯坦都是双重内陆国。故答案选 A。 3．解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第八段第三句“Sea means trade, which means wealth.”可知，海岸线 的重要性在于大海意味着财富。故答案选 A。 4．解析：选 C 推理判断题。第八段主要介绍了海岸线的重要性。由此可推知，文章末尾缺少的句子应总结 上述观点：地理似乎很重要。故答案选 C。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 2016 高考训练题----阅读理解。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching (紧握) at one another’s hands for reassurance. They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up huddled (聚在一起) round listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon (蚕茧) into a larger cocoon. It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be. And many of today’s parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a great barrier for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path. But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you don’t care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come – with the people who respect you for who you are. That is the only kind of popularity that really counts. 32. In this passage, the author wants to tell _______. A. teenagers to try to pursue their real selves B. readers to try to be popular with people around C. parents to try to control and guide their children D. people to try to understand and respect each other 33. The author disapproves of rebelling teenagers _______. A. growing away from their parents B. following the popularity trend C. walking a new way on their own D. turning to their friends for help 34. The phrase “larger cocoon” at the end of the second paragraph refers to _______. A. the distractive and variable society B. the dazzling music world C. the parental care and love D. the popularity wave in the society 35. What does the author think of advertisements? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 A. Convincing. B. Instructive. C. Influential. D. Authoritative. 参考答案 32-35 ABDC 2016 高考训练题----阅读理解。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs. AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost ￡169.15 at Booking.com. A week later, the same room cost ￡118.15. If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid—or you're looking for a big event to pass your time—check out sites such as Whatsonwhen.com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category. STAY AWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday. Don't be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge's Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was ￡95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was ￡75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just ￡62.95. LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a self－catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O'Neill Flat on Edinburgh's Royal Mile, available for ￡420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults. GET ON A BIKE London's “Boris bikes” have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs. Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around ￡1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or ￡5 per day)． 25. The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may ________． A. help travelers pass time B. attract lots of travelers to the UK C. allow travelers to make flexible plans 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 D. cause travelers to pay more for accommodation 26．“Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably ________． A. a hotel away from the train station B. the tube line to Covent Garden C. an ideal holiday destination D. the name of a travel agency 27．The passage shows that the O'Neill Flat ________． A. lies on the ground floor B. is located in central London C. provides cooking facilities for tourists D. costs over ￡100 on average per day in late September 28．Cardiff's program allows a free bike for a maximum period of ________． A. half an hour B. one hour C. one hour and a half D. two hours 参考答案 25-28 .DACA 【甘肃省天水市第一中学 2016 届高三上学期期末】 When Luca first heard of the Island of Inventions, he was still very young. But its wonders sounded so incredible that they were forever burned in his memory. From that moment, he never stopped searching for clues which might lead him to the island. He read hundreds of adventure books, histories, volumes of physics and chemistry, even music. Over time, he pieced together his idea of what the Island of Inventions was like. It was a secret place, where all the great wise men of the world would meet to learn and invent together. Access to the island was totally restricted. To join, you had to have created some great invention for humanity. Only then could you receive the special invitation — which came with directions to the island. So Luca spent his youth studying and inventing. Every new idea he got, he made it into an invention, and if there were something he didn't understand, he’d seek others to help him. Soon he met other young inventors and he told them about the Island of Inventions. They too dreamed of one day receiving an invitation letter. As years passed, the disappointment of not receiving their invitation made Luca and his friends work harder and co-operate more. They would meet in Luca's house, share their ideas and build new 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 machines. Their inventions became known throughout the world, and improved the lives of millions. But still, no invitation came. They didn’t lose heart. They continued learning and inventing every day, trying to come up with more and better ideas. Fresh young talent joined their group, as more inventors dreamed of getting to the island. One day many years later, Luca, already very old, was speaking with a brilliant young man named Roberts, who had written to him, asking him to join the group. Luca started telling the man of the wonderful Island of Inventions, and of how he was sure that some day they would receive an invitation. Surprised, the young inventor interrupted: “You mean this place isn’t the Island of Inventions? Isn't the letter you sent me the real invitation?” It was only then that Luca realised that his dream had become true in his very own house. No island could exist which would be better than where he was now. No place of invention would be better than what he and his friends had created. Luca felt happy to know that he had always been on the island, and that his life of invention and study had been a truly happy one. 13. Why did Luca and his colleagues probably never receive an invitation to the island? A. Their ideas were not considered worthy enough. B. They were too concerned with acquiring fame. C. The organization had already broken up. D. The island was not a real place. 14. What did Luca learn at the end of the story? A. The island of inventions did not exist. B. He had wasted most of his life. C. He had unknowingly built his own dreamland. D. He finally would receive his invitation. 15. Which of the following best describes Luca? A. Aggressive. B. Trusting. C. Creative. D. Easy-going. 【答案】 13D 14C 15C 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 14. C 推理判断题。根据 No place of invention would be better than what he and his friends had created. Luca felt happy to know that he had always been on the island, and that his life of invention and study had been a truly happy one.他和他的朋友们已经不知不觉地创造了自己的发明岛。故选 C 15. C 推理判断题。aggressive 有进取心的； trusting 信赖的； creative 创造性的； easy-going 随和 的。根据文章第三段中 So Luca spent his youth studying and inventing. Every new idea he got, he made it into an invention 和第四段 They would meet in Luca's house, share their ideas and build new machines. Their inventions became known throughout the world, and improved the lives of millions.可知 Luca 和朋友们创造了许 多发明，说明他很有创造性，故选 C 【名师点睛】 做推理判断题要注意两点:一是推理，二是判断，而且两者密不可分。推理是为了判断，判断依赖于推理。推 理判断题要求学生根据原文，经过推理，进行判断，从而得出结论，所以推理判断题的答案不能在文中直接 找出。但是，推理时务必要忠实于原文，在文章中寻找可推论的依据，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作 者的观点。下面结合 2011 年各省市的中考题，就考试中常用的四种推理方法进行一一说明。 1. 抓住特定关键信息进行正向或逆向推理 做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用正向推理或 逆向思维，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。 2.利用作者的思想感情进行推断 作者在写作时，自然而然会渗透自己的喜怒哀乐。通过一些表达感情色彩或思想倾向的措辞，领会作者的思 想感情，一些考查观点态度的题目就迎刃而解了。 3.根据上下文的逻辑关系得出结论 不同的文章有不同的写作方法和文章结构。但是，在任何一篇文章中，段与段之间、句与句之间都存在着某 种逻辑关系。抓住了这种逻辑关系，也就把握住了作者的写作思路和写作意图。 4.结合常识进行推断 有些文章，如科普类说明文、记叙类时政要闻等文体具有一定的背景知识。因此解答此类文章的题目，除了 把握相关文段的细节外，还应注意充分运用自己的常识，结合题目去分析推理。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 以上分别从四个方面讲解了如何对文章隐含信息进行推理判断，但有时候题目的设计不一定这么层次分明， 需要同时从不同角度对文章的信息进行综合分析、推理和判断。例如方法三中的例子，需要综合考虑上下文 逻辑关系以及文章的感情色彩，才能做出正确的判断。因此，在阅读的过程中，需要考生在熟练掌握的基础 上灵活运用这些方法。 考点：考查记叙文阅读