浙江省2021届高考模拟试题（二）英语试题 Word版含解析

浙江省2021届高考模拟试题（二）英语试题 Word版含解析

2021 届浙江省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟卷(二) 考生注意： 1. 本试题卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。 2. 答题前，请务必在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考 证号并填涂相应数字； 3. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作 答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效； 4. 非选择题的答案必须使用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔写在答题纸上相应区域 内。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题纸上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 7. 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷 的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的 时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who gave the woman a new car? A. Her father. B. Her sister. C. Her grandfather. 2. What is the woman going to do? A. Help the man. B. Take a bus. C. Get a camera. 3. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. To tell Kate to stop. B. To call Kate’s friends. C. To stay away from Kate. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a wine shop. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 5. What does the woman mean? A. Keep the window closed. B. Go out for fresh air. C. Turn on the fan. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 22. 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作 答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What kind of coffee does the man usually have? A. Italian. B. Brazilian. C. French. 7. Why does the woman mention snails? A. To express her fondness for snails. B. To suggest the man to try new things. C. To recommend a French restaurant. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. What will the woman do in Hong Kong? A. Go shopping. B. Visit her friend. C. Stay on a beach. 9. How will the woman go to Siem Reap? A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By boat. 10. Where will the woman stay during her trip? A. In hotels. B. In her friend’s house. C. In guesthouses. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. When was the man’s car made? A. In the 1940s. B. In the 1950s. C. In the 1960s. 12. Why did the man buy an old car? A. It is worth collecting. B. It is in good shape. C. It is cheap. 13. What does the man plan to do with his car? A. Replace its engine. B. Enter it in some shows. C. Re-sell it for more money. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. What do the speakers have in common? A. They both live in New York. B. They are both traveling on business. C. They have both stayed in the hotel before. 15. What is the man’s favorite part of the hotel? A. The service. B. The breakfast. C. The facilities. 16. What can we learn when the woman talks about the hotel? A. The prices are not high. B. The service isn’t anything special. C. It doesn’t seem like a nice hotel. 17. When will the School Open Day be held? A. Before Christmas. B. During Christmas. C. After Christmas. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. Who is Miss Donna Eaton? A. A dancer. B. A music teacher. C. A graduate of the school. 19. What can students do at the School Open Day? A. Watch a magic show. B. Attend a dance party. C. Show their talents. 20. How long will the School Open Day last? A. Seven hours. B. Eight hours. C. Nine hours. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 2. 5 分，满分 25 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Indian-origin Anvitha Vijay has given a new meaning to the phrase “age is just a number”; she has proved that achievements and knowledge follow passion and not just age and experience. Vijay, who lives with her parents in Melbourne, Australia, at the age of seven realized that her piggy bank did not have enough money to hire a developer to make her an app, so she decided to teach herself how to code. With the help of Youtube videos, the young techie learned to code. For one entire year, she watched multiple coding tutorials on the web and became a programmer herself. Vijay’s inspiration for developing the apps was her little sister, who was still learning to talk. Therefore, Vijay developed an educational app for children that were her sister’s age. The app uses about 100 sounds and flash cards of different animals that help children learn and identify. Later, Vijay developed a similar iOS app for children to identify and learn colors. Anvitha’s skills won her a scholarship to attend a big tech conference hosted by Apple in San Francisco, California. There, she got tips from the pros. She went to workshops where she learned about the latest software for app building. All that training led to an idea for a third app. This one called Goals Hi, inspires kids to practice good habits. Users are rewarded for achieving goals, such as eating their vegetables or practicing piano, Anvitha says the rewards are like getting a sticker for a job well done. Anvitha’s goal is to continue creating technology that helps kids learn while having fun. But what’s even more important to her is that the world sees the power of technology in kids’ hands. “The more training we get in tech at an early age,” she says, “the better chance we have of becoming creativity champions who will one day change the world.” 1. How did Anvitha manage to develop her first app? A. Her parents instructed her. B. A young techie tutored her. C. She hired a developer to teach her. D. She taught herself by watching videos. 2. What inspired Anvitha to code her third app? A. Her strong desire to help her little sister to learn to talk. B. The reward that she got alter developing the former apps. C. The latest technology that she learned in Apple on coding apps. D. The training that she got when helping kids practice good habits. 3. What is Anvitha’s major purpose of continuing creating technology? A. To help kids learn while having fun. B. To enable kids to get training at an early age. C. To prove children’s ability of advancing technology. D. To help little children like her sister learn and identify. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位印度裔的美国女孩 Anvitha Vijay 自学编程，在很小的时候 就开发了一款帮助妹妹学习的 APP，她还开发了另外两种应用程序。她继续创造技术目的 是证明孩子进步技术的能力。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Vijay, who lives with her parents in Melbourne, Australia, at the age of seven realized that her piggy bank did not have enough money to hire a developer to make her an app, so she decided to teach herself how to code. With the help of Youtube videos, the young techie learned to code.可知 Vijay 和父母住在澳大利亚的墨尔本。七岁时，她意识到自己的存 钱罐里没有足够的钱雇一个开发人员为她开发应用程序，所以她决定自学编程。在 Youtube 视频的帮助下，这位年轻的技术人员学会了编程。由此可知，Anvitha 是通过观看视频自学 开发出她的第一个应用程序的。故选 D。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段 Anvitha’s skills won her a scholarship to attend a big tech conference hosted by Apple in San Francisco, California. There, she got tips from the pros. She went to workshops where she learned about the latest software for app building.(Anvitha 的技能为她赢得 了参加苹果公司在加州旧金山举办的大型科技会议的奖学金。在那里，她从专业人士那里得 到了建议。她参加了研讨会，在那里她了解了最新的应用程序开发软件)以及第五段中 All that training led to an idea for a third app.(所有这些训练让我萌生了开发第三款应用程序的想)由 此可知，Anvitha 在 Apple 学到的关于编写应用程序的最新技术，激发了 Anvitha 编写她的 第三个应用程序。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 But what’s even more important to her is that the world sees the power of technology in kids’ hands. “The more training we get in tech at an early age,” she says, “the better chance we have of becoming creativity champions who will one day change the world.”可知但对她来说更重要的是，这个世界看到了孩子们手中科技的力量。她表示：“我 们在早年接受的科技培训越多，我们就越有可能成为创意冠军，有朝一日他们将改变世界。” 由此可推知，Anvitha 继续创造技术的主要目的是证明孩子对于先进技术的能力。故选 C。 B Crop diversity (多样性）is important to feed the increasing population of our planet. Agricultural experts say having a large variety of plants also helps to protect crops against possible diseases and future risks. Hundreds of thousands of different plants now exist. But many experts say the number has decreased sharply during the past century. One of the world's largest seed conservation projects has predicted further losses. The Millennium Seed Bank Partnership is warning that up to one hundred thousand plant species could permanently disappear. The rich collection of genes that decide their qualities would disappear with them. Not all experts agree that a decrease in cultivated(培植的）food crops is a risk. A recent study, led by Paul Heald of the University of Illinois College, showed a different situation, at least in the United States. The study examined records of plant varieties in America during the past century. They found that the total number of vegetable and apple crop varieties in the United States did not fall over the past century. Instead, he says, the study may show a small increase in the number of varieties. For those who regard it as a major risk, they blame climate change and loss of habitat, normal growth area, for damaging plant life. They note human activities also contribute to the problem. Besides, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says modern business farming is responsible for loss of farmers’ traditional crop varieties. Some scientists and others blame patenting for what they say are losses of crop diversity. A patent is the legal right of an inventor to a process or a product, even a plant. To get this right, the inventor has to demonstrate the qualities that make the patented plant different from other plants. But the study led by Professor Paul actually failed this assumption. Professor Paul said, “People tend to believe what they want to believe. But as a scientist, I must believe the study results. ” 4. The author begins the text by ______________. A. listing possible crop diseases B. stating the significance of crop diversity C. giving the definition of crop diversity D. describing a number of existing plants 5. The study led by Paul Heald is mentioned in paragraph 3 to ______________. A. show America’s great achievement in protecting crop diversity B. give a different opinion that the number of crop varieties is increasing C. explain the present situation of vegetables and apple crop varieties D. support the viewpoint that the number of crop varieties is decreasing 6. Paragraph 4 mainly focuses on ______________. A. the reasons for crop diversity decreasing B. the unfavorable comments on patented plants C. the further losses caused by plant diversity decreasing D. the harmful effects brought by modern business farming 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作物多样性的重要性和作物多样性下降的原因。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Crop diversity is important to feed the increasing population of our planet.（作物多样性对于养活地球上不断增长的人口非常重要。）”可知，作者以陈述作 物多样性的意义开始文章。故选 B 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They found that the total number of vegetable and apple crop varieties in the United States did not fall over the past century. Instead, he says, the study may show a small increase in the number of varieties.（他们发现，在过去的一个世纪里，美国蔬菜 和苹果作物品种的总数没有下降。相反，他说，该研究可能会显示品种数量的小幅增加。）” 可知第三段提到了 Paul Heald 领导的研究，目的是给出一个不同的观点，即农作物品种在不 断增加。故选 B 项。 【6 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“For those who regard it as a major risk, they blame climate change and loss of habitat, normal growth area, for damaging plant life.（对于那些认为这是主要 风险的人来说，他们指责气候变化和栖息地、正常生长区域的丧失破坏了植物生命。）”及 本段内容可知，第四段主要说明了作物多样性下降的原因。故选 A 项。 C Next time your plane lands, listen to the sound of the tyres hitting the ground. The reason the tyres don’t explode is because they are made of natural rubber. The tyres of cars, motorbikes and trucks are also often made of the same stuff. Natural rubber comes from trees. Workers cut the trunks of the trees and collect a white liquid called latex(乳胶). In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, huge numbers of rubber trees were planted in countries including Malaysia, Burma and Brazil. More than a century ago, scientists discovered how to make man-made rubber, but natural rubber is much stronger and can last much longer. Nearly half the rubber which is produced each year is natural rubber and there is always a need for more. Rubber trees are not easy to grow. They are affected by changes in temperature, too much or not enough rain, high winds and disease. Some trees survive while others die and it’s all down to their genes. Two British organizations, the Tun Abdul Razak Research Center(TARRC) and The Genome (基因组）Analysis Center (TGAC) , have been working together to look at rubber trees. This is the genes fit together in very long chains of DNA. The genome for a plant such as a rubber tree or animal needs to grow. The genome contains all the information the plant or animal needs to grow. The genome for a plant such as a rubber tree is smaller than a human genome but it is still very long, which is why it has been so difficult to find. As Ewan Mollison of TARRC says, the work has been like putting a picture puzzle together where all the pieces show blue sea and blue sky. Now scientists can use the rubber tree genome to produce stronger trees. By understanding the genome, they can change the DNA in rubber trees in useful ways. They can also do it much faster than before. In the future, it will be possible to grow trees which survive climate change and disease. 7. What’s the author’s purpose of writing Paragraph 1? A. To explain the landing of airplanes. B. To introduce the advantage of natural rubber. C. To provide the information about tyres. D. To compare air traffic with road traffic. 8. What made natural rubber so demanding each year? A. Quantities of rubber trees were planted in Southeast Asia. B. Rubber trees are not easily affected by the climate change. C. By now scientists haven，t discovered how to make man-made rubber. D. Natural rubber is much tougher and more lasting than man-made rubber. 9. What does Ewan Mollison suggest in Paragraph 3? A. Finding the genome sounds as interesting as a picture puzzle. B. The genome of a rubber tree is as blue as sea and sky. C. The genome of a rubber tree is not easy to be identified. D. Completing a picture puzzle with sea and sky is difficult. 10. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Origin of Natural Rubber. B. The Application of Natural Rubber. C. Natural Rubber: It’s All in the Genes. D. Natural Rubber VS Man-made Rubber. 【答案】7. B 8. D 9. C 10. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种天然橡胶，用它做成的轮胎不会爆炸，但橡胶树存活率不 高。科学家们探索其基因组的秘密，并通过了解基因，可以增大橡胶树的存活率。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The reason the tyres don’t explode is because they are made of natural rubber. The tyres of cars, motorbikes and trucks are also often made of the same stuff.”轮胎不会爆炸的原因是它们是由天然橡胶制成的。汽车、摩托车和卡车 的轮胎通常也是用同样的材料制成的。可推测，第一段是为了介绍天然橡胶的优势。故选 B 项。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句“More than a century ago, scientists discovered how to make man-made rubber, but natural rubber is much stronger and can last much longer.”（一个 多世纪前，科学家们发现了如何制造人造橡胶，但天然橡胶要坚固得多，寿命也长得多。） 可知，造成天然橡胶需求高的原因是天然橡胶比人造橡胶更坚固耐用。故选 D 项。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The genome for a plant such as a rubber tree is smaller than a human genome but it is still very long, which is why it has been so difficult to find. As Ewan Mollison of TARRC says, the work has been like putting a picture puzzle together where all the pieces show blue sea and blue sky.”（胶树等植物的基因组比人类的基因组小，但仍然很长， 这就是为什么很难找到它。正如 TARRC 的 Ewan Mollison 所说，这项工作就像把一幅拼图 拼在一起，所有的碎片都显示出蓝色的大海和蓝天。）可推断，Ewan Mollison 在第三段通过 拼图告诉我们橡胶树的基因组不容易识别。故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文，特别是文章第三段第三句“Some trees survive while others die and it’s all down to their genes.”（一些树存活了下来，而另一些则死亡了，这都取决于它们的基因。） 以及最后一段“Now scientists can use the rubber tree genome to produce stronger trees.”（现在 科学家们可以利用橡胶树的基因组培育出更强壮的树木。）由科学家们一直在探索其基因组 可知，本文主要讲述了天然橡胶是由基因决定的这一观点。所以“Natural Rubber: It’s All in the Genes.(天然橡胶：这都是基因决定的。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选 C。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive(难以达到的）.While you might not be able to control the factors that interrupt your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. ___11___ ___12___ Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent strengthens your body's sleep-wake cycle. Pay attention to what you eat and drink. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. ___13___ Nicotine (尼古丁)，caffeine (咖啡因) and alcohol deserve caution，too. The effects of nicotine and caffeine take hours to wear off and can harm quality sleep. And even though alcohol might make you feel sleepy? it can disrupt sleep later in the night. Create a restful environment. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet. ___14___ Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. ___15___ But if you often have trouble sleeping, contact your doctor. Identifying and treating any potential causes can help you get the better sleep you deserve. A. Your discomfort might keep you up. B. Start with these simple tips. C. Limit daytime naps. D. Stick to a sleep schedule. E. Nearly everyone has an occasional sleepless night. F. Doing calming activities before bedtime might promote better sleep. G. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. G 15. E 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个有助于提高睡眠质量的小技巧。 【11 题详解】 根据上文“While you might not be able to control the factors that interrupt your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep.（虽然你可能无法控制那些干扰你睡眠的因素，但你可 以养成有助于提高睡眠质量的习惯。）”可知，填空处应是对于如何养成提高睡眠质量的习 惯的总述，便于引出下文三个标题。B 选项 Start with these simple tips.（从这些简单的技巧 开始。）符合上文文意，总启下文。故选 B 项。 【12 题详解】 根据下文“Go to bed and get up at the same time every day.（每天在同一时间睡觉和起床。）” 可知，人们每天都应该对自己的睡觉时间做好规划。D 选项 Stick to a sleep schedule.（坚持 作息时间。）符合文意。故选 D 项。 【13 题详解】 根据上文“Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. （不要饿着肚子或吃得饱饱的去睡觉。特别要注意的是，睡前几 个小时内不要吃太多或太丰盛的食物。）”可知，睡前不适会影响睡眠质量。A 选项 Your discomfort might keep you up.（你的不适可能会让你睡不着。）符合上下文意。故选 A 项。 【14 题详解】 根据上文“Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.（通常，这意味着凉爽、黑暗和安静。）”可 知，舒适的睡眠环境意味着黑暗，下文“But if you often have trouble sleeping, contact your doctor. （睡前避免长时间使用发光屏幕。）”可知，在光亮的情况下睡眠质量会下降。G 选 项 Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep.（暴露在光线下可能会增加入 睡的难度。）符合上下文意。故选 G 项。 【15 题详解】 根据下文“But if you often have trouble sleeping, contact your doctor.（但如果你经常失眠，请 联系你的医生。）”可知，填空处应与此句为转折关系，即涉及偶尔失眠。E 选项 Nearly everyone has an occasional sleepless night.（几乎每个人都会偶尔失眠。）符合下文文意。故选 E 项。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项，并在答 题纸上将该项涂黑。 When I came to the farm as a bride, the rock was there, just around the corner of the house. ''Can't we dig it out? ''I asked after I hit it at full___16___with the lawn mower, ___17___the blade. ''No, it's always been there. '' my husband said, and his father___18___. ''It goes down pretty deep, I figure. '' My father-in-law added, ''My wife's family has lived here since the Civil War. No one ever got it out. '' So it___19___. My children were born,___20___and went away. My father-in-law died. Some time later, my husband died. After the ___21___,there was the coping, with a sharpened awareness of my___22___.The spot at the southwest corner of the house was___23___going to look nice. I was going to___24___the rock. I assumed it would take a long day. _____25_____, it only took me five minutes to get it out. It had been about a foot deep, and maybe six inches wider than it looked from the top. I was_____26_____.That rock had remained there_____27_____living memory. Each family had a_____28_____that the previous generation had tried to remove it but_____29_____. Because the rock had appeared to be large and deep, it was treated as_____30_____and strong. I_____31_____the rock over to the shed, still within_____32_____of the house. It rests there, with flowers growing around it. I still see the rock every day but now as something_____33_____in my little landscape. It's a(an)_____34_____that each generation ought to_____35_____things for itself. 16. A. speed B. height C. length D. width 17. A. rubbing B. breaking C. circling D. injuring 18. A. looked B. answered C. heard D. said 19. A. changed B. exposed C. stayed D. finished 20. A. grew up B. showed up C. messed up D. caught up 21. A. regretting B. crying C. mourning D. hurting 22. A. family B. relationship C. future D. surroundings 23. A. seldom B. always C. never D. often 24. A. dig out B. lay out C. leave out D. make out 25. A. Besides B. However C. And D. So 26. A. bothered B. shocked C. silent D. curious 27. A. beyond B. throughout C. with D. for 28. A. rule B. custom C. faith D. habit 29. A. in delay B. In vain C. In doubt D. In turn 30. A. inaccessible B. incredible C. unavailable D. immovable 31. A. left B. drew C. knocked D. wheeled 32. A. reach B. sight C. limit D. area 33. A. shallow B. extra C. small D. good 34. A. assistant B. mirror C. reminder D. obstacle 35. A. discover B. rid C. remove D. achieve 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者家里有一个被埋的岩石，很长时间以来，家里的人都 认为它埋得很深，无法挖出。但几十年后，作者只用了不到五分钟就把它挖出来。通过这件 事，作者提醒人们，每一代人都应该亲自去发现一些东西，不能盲目相信祖上传下来的说法。 【16 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：割草机全速运转碰到这个岩石，弄坏了桨叶时我问道：“我们不 能把它挖出来吗？”A. speed 速度；B. height 高度；C. length 长度；D. width 宽度。根据下 文的___2___the blade.可知当时割草机的速度很快，故选 A 项。 【17 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。在我全速碰到割草机，弄坏了桨叶时我问道：“我们不能把它挖出来 吗？”A. rubbing 蹭；B. breaking 弄坏；C. circling 画圈；D. injuring 使受伤。根据上文的 after I hit it at full___1___with the lawn mower 可知，高速运转的割草机碰到岩石弄坏了桨叶，故 选 B 项。 【18 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫说：“不行，它一直都在那里”，他的父亲点头。A. looked 看着；B. answered回答；C. heard 听见；D. said说。根据下文的''It goes down pretty deep, I figure. ''可知此处用“说”符合语境，故选 D 项。 【19 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此它还是在那儿。A. changed 改变；B. exposed 暴露；C. stayed 保持；D. finished 完成。根据上文的 No one ever got it out 可知，这块岩石一直保持在原来的 位置，且下文的 I was____11____.That rock had remained there 也有暗示，remain 和 stay 是同 义词复现，故选 C 项。 【20 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的孩子出生，长大，然后离开。A. grew up 长大；B. showed up 出现；C. messed up 弄乱；D. caught up 跟上。根据 born 和 went away 可知此处用“长大” 符合语境，故选 A 项。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：哀悼之后，是处理我对周围环境的敏感。A. regretting 遗憾；B. crying 哭泣；C. mourning 哀悼；D. hurting 伤害。根据上文的 my husband died 可知此处用“哀悼” 符合语境，故选 C 项。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：哀悼之后，是处理我对周围环境的敏感。A. family 家庭；B. relationship 关系；C. future 将来；D. surroundings 周围环境。根据下文内容可知，作者决定 把那个岩石挖出来，故是讲作者与环境之间的关系，故选 D 项。 【23 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：屋子南面的角落从来都不美观。A. seldom 极少；B. always 总是； C. never 绝不；D. often 常常。根据下文的 it only took me five minutes to get it out.可知作者决 定挖出这个岩石，由此推测她认为南面的角落因为有岩石，从来都不美观，故选 C 项。 【24 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我打算挖出这个岩石。A. dig out 挖出；B. lay out 摆出；C. leave out 遗落；D. make out 算出。根据下文的 it only took me five minutes to get it out.可知作者决 定挖出这个岩石，且上文的 Can't we dig it out?也有暗示，dig out 是原词复现，故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我只用了五分钟就把它挖出来了。A. Besides 此外；B. However 然而；C. And 并且；D. So 因此。根据上文的 I assumed it would take a long day. 和 下文的 it only took me five minutes to get it out.可知它们之间是转折关系，故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很震惊。A. bothered 烦恼的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. silent 安静的；D. curious 好奇的。根据上文的 It had been about a foot deep, and maybe six inches wider than it looked from the top.可知，作者对如此小的一个岩石居然在自己家中埋了几十年 感到震惊，故选 B 项。 【27 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：那块岩石一直留在那里，已超出了人们的记忆。A. beyond 超越； B. throughout 遍及；C. with 有，和；D. for 为了。根据上文的 My wife's family has lived here since the Civil War. No one ever got it out.可知，这块岩石在作者家的时间长得已经记不清了，故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个家庭都一个信念，即前辈人努力了，但结果是徒劳。A. rule 规则；B. custom 习俗；C. faith 信念；D. habit 习惯。根据上文的 My wife's family has lived here since the Civil War. No one ever got it out.可知从作者的父辈开始，大家都相信这个岩石很大， 无法挖出，故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：每个家庭都一个信念，即前辈人努力了，但结果是徒劳。A. in delay 推迟；B. In vain 徒劳；C. In doubt 怀疑；D. In turn 反过来。根据 but 可知上下文是转折关系， 故此处用“徒劳”符合语境，故选 B 项。 【30 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为岩石似乎很大、埋得很深，所以它被认为是不可移动的， 牢固的。A. inaccessible 不可接近的；B. incredible 荒谬的；C. unavailable 难以获得的；D. immovable 不可移动的。根据上文的 No one ever got it out.可知作者的家人认为这块岩石是不 可移动的，故选 D 项。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把岩石转动到棚子里，依然在房子看见的地方。A. left 留下； B. drew 吸引，画；C. knocked 敲；D. wheeled 转动。结合常识可知，岩石一般是不规则球体， 可以用滚动的方式把它移动到其它地方，故选 D 项。 【32 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把岩石转动到棚子里，依然在房子看见的地方。A. reach 范围； B. sight 视野；C. limit 范围；D. area 地区。根据下文的 I still see the rock every day 可知作者 还是能够每天看到这块岩石，故选 B 项。 【33 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我依然可以每天看到它，但它现在成为我的风景里美好的 东西。A. shallow 浅的；B. extra 额外的；C. small 小的；D. good 美好的。根据上文的 It rests there, with flowers growing around it.可知，这个岩石现在变成了作者眼里美好的东西，故选 D 项。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个暗示，那就是每代人都应该亲自发现一些东西。A. assistant 助理；B. mirror 镜子；C. reminder 暗示；D. obstacle 障碍。结合上下文可知，此处 是作者通过自己的经历得出的经验教训，她认为可以给人们一定的暗示，故选 C 项。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个暗示，那就是每代人都应该亲自发现一些东西。A. discover 发现；B. rid 摆脱；C. remove 移除；D. achieve 实现。结合上下文可知，这个岩石 事实上并不大，也不牢固，是作者通过自己挖掘发现的，因此她认为每一代人都不能盲目相 信家族流传的东西，一定要自己亲自去发现，故选 A 项。 非选择题部分 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Silk Road refers to a transport route connecting ancient China with Central Asia, West Asia, Africa, and the European continent. It appeared as early as the second century and ___36___ (travel) mainly by silk merchants. The Silk Road began in Chang’an (present-day Xi’an), ___37___ (pass) through Gansu and Xinjiang to Central Asia, West Asia and to lands by the Mediterranean. There were no signs of communication between ancient Chinese civilization and Mediterranean civilization in ___38___ (early) history. In about the seventh century BC, the ancient Greeks began to learn about an ancient civilization to the east, yet knew little about it. Real communication between China, Central and West Asian ___39___ (country), Africa and the European continent did not develop ___40___ the opening of the Silk Road. The Silk Road functioned not only ___41___ a trade route, but also a bridge ___42___ linked the ancient civilizations of China, India，the Mesopotamian plains, Egypt, and Greece. It also helped to promote ___43___ exchange of science and technology between east and west. The Silk Road was the main channel for ancient China ___44___ (open) up to the outside world, as well as for fresh impulses from other cultures to enter the country, which contributed ____45____ (significant) to the shaping of Chinese culture. 【答案】36. was traveled 37. passing 38. earlier 39. countries 40. until 41. as 42. that/which 43. the 44. to open 45. significantly 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丝绸之路的起源和对人类发展的意义。 【36 题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：它早在二世纪就出现了，主要是由丝绸商人来行进的。分析句子结 构及提示“travel”可知， It 指代 The Silk Road，travel 和 The Silk Road 为动宾关系，用被 动语态，且发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填 was traveled。 【37 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：丝绸之路始于长安(今西安)，途经甘肃、新疆，到达中亚、西亚， 经地中海到达陆地。pass 与其逻辑主语 The Silk Road 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作 状语。故填 passing。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在早期的历史中，中国古代文明与地中海文明并没有交流的迹象。 根据句意及提示“early”可知，此句讲述了更早以前的历史，因此用形容词的比较级。故填 earlier。 【39 题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：丝绸之路开通后，中国与中亚、西亚、非洲、欧洲大陆之间的真正交 流才得以发展。根据句意可知，中亚和西亚的国家不止一个，且 country 为可数名词，因此 用复数形式。故填 countries。 【40 题详解】 考查连词。句意：丝绸之路开通后，中国与中亚、西亚、非洲、欧洲大陆之间的真正交流才 得以发展。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配 not…until 直到……才。故填 until。 【41 题详解】 考查介词。句意：丝绸之路不仅是一条贸易路线，而且是连接中国、印度、美索不达米亚平 原、埃及和希腊等古代文明的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配 function as 起…… 的作用。故填 as。 【42 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：丝绸之路不仅是一条贸易路线，而且是连接中国、印度、美索不达米 亚平原、埃及和希腊等古代文明的桥梁。分析句子结构可知， 7 linked the ancient civilizations of China, India，the Mesopotamian plains, Egypt, and Greece. 是一个定语从 句，修饰先行词 a bridge，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词 which 或 that 引导该从句。故填 that/which。 【43 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它还有助于促进东西方之间的科学技术交流。根据句意可知，此处特指“东 西方之间的科学技术交流”，表特指时用定冠词 the。故填 the。 【44 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：丝绸之路是古代中国对外开放的主要通道，也是其他文化进入中国 的主要动力，对中国文化的形成做出了重要贡献。分析句子结构可知，名词 channel 后面需 用动词不定式作后置定语。故填 to open。 【45 题详解】 考查副词。句意：丝绸之路是古代中国对外开放的主要通道，也是其他文化进入中国的主要 动力，对中国文化的形成做出了重要贡献。分析句子结构及提示“significant”可知，填空 处应为副词，修饰谓语动词 contributed。故填 significantly。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办跳蚤市场（flea market)，请给你的英国朋友 Peter 写封邮件 邀请他来参加。内容包括： 1. 活动时间； 2. 活动地点； 3. 活动内容。 注意：1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【答案】Dear Peter, Good news! A flea market is to be held in our school, which is organized annually for all students. I'm writing to invite you to participate. Scheduled to start at 2:00 this Sunday in the gym, the event will last approximately 3 hours. Diverse items will be displayed at the stalls run by the students, ranging from snacks, to school things like pens and notebooks, to curious novelties. You may bargain over the stuff and pay either in cash or with your phone. Looking forward to your involvement. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给你的英国朋友 Peter 写封邮件邀请他来参加学校举办 跳蚤市场。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在进行时,少量用一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 活动时间； 2. 活动地点； 3. 活动内容。 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组） invite sb. to do；scheduled to do；range from；bargain over；pay sth in cash；look forward to 第三步：连词成句 1. I'm writing to invite you to participate. 2. Scheduled to start at 2:00 this Sunday in the gym, the event will last approximately 3 hours. 3. Diverse items will be displayed at the stalls run by the students, ranging from snacks, to school things like pens and notebooks, to curious novelties. 4.You may bargain over the stuff and pay either in cash or with your phone. 5.Looking forward to your involvement. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although +clause(从句), In spite of +n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1]：A flea market is to be held in our school, which is organized annually for all students.这句话运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句。 [高分句型 2]：Diverse items will be displayed at the stalls run by the students, ranging from snacks, to school things like pens and notebooks, to curious novelties.这句话运用了过去分词作 定语和现在分词作状语。 [高分句型 3]：Looking forward to your involvement.这句话运用了省略句，省略了 I am。 第二节读后续写（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 I covered my nervousness with a smile as I stood with the teacher in front of my new sixth grade class. Ms. Ramos placed her hand on my shoulder and introduced me, a boy from Turkey to Florida. My heart was pounding (狂跳). Several students said “Hello,” and “welcome.’’ But before I sat down, a boy, bigger than the others, brought his fist to his mouth and wiggled (扭动) his fingers under his chin. “Gobble-gobble,” he said in a high-pitched voice, regarding me as a turkey. A few students laughed. He did it again. One Monday I dragged myself to the gym class, knowing that Brodie would be waiting to tease me. I stood with my class on the athletic field. Coach Stephens told us that we were going to play soccer. He selected two captains who chose team members, one of whom was Brodie, the captain of our red team. To my surprise, I was chosen last. Last! In Turkey, I was usually one of the first players chosen. Maybe they thought I was too small to play well. Tears blurred (使......模糊）my vision as I walked to the bench. He thought I was a second-rate player. I wiped dew (露水) off the bench with my hand and sat alone as the two teams raced up and down the field, shouting with excitement. After a while, I grew restless and pulled a soccer ball from the ball bag next to the bench. I decided to warm up, so T d be ready when our team needed me. I flipped (快速翻动) the ball with the tip of my sneaker and batted it from foot to foot without letting it touch the ground. Then I tapped the ball up to my thighs，where I dribbled (运球) it back and forth from thigh(大腿）to thigh. I kneed the ball up to my forehead and bounced it three times above my head before letting it drop to the ground, where I trapped it with the toe of my shoe. Then I began my routine again. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2. 应使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1 Abruptly, both teams stared at me, a few players having their mouths open as though I was a magician. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________ Paragraph 2 On the way back to our classroom building , Brodie tapped my shoulder. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________ 【答案】Abruptly, both teams stared at me, a few players having their mouths open as though I was a magician. “Hey,” Brodie motioned me in. I dropped my ball and raced onto the field. Having realized that we were drew 3 to 3, and time was running out, I determined to cooperate with Brodie. After the throw-in, Brodie got the ball and immediately passed it to me. I jumped and planted my forehead into the ball, sending it into the far corner of the goal as Coach blew his whistle. “Game over! Red wins: 4 to 3 ! Bravo! ” On the way back to our classroom building , Brodie tapped my shoulder. Having murmured a sincere apology for teasing me, he made me sit on the bench. “You are quite an awesome footballer and you saved the game,’’ he said with red rimmed eyes. I smiled back, thanking him for giving me the chance to play. Since then, no one has said gobbles to me again and this acquaintance transformed Brodie a lot. Not only did he establish solid friendship with me, but also treated all the classmates heartily. 【解析】 【分析】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者转到佛罗里达一个新的班级，其中有一个同学排斥他， 在体育课上也不被重视，但作者通过自己的做法改变了大家对他的看法的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： 由第一段首句内容“突然，两队都盯着我看，几个队员张着嘴，好像我是个魔术师。”可知， 第一段可描写同学们认为作者打球很厉害，以及作者和布罗迪合作扭转战局。 ② 由第二段首句内容“在回我们教学楼的路上，布罗迪拍了拍我的肩膀。”可知，第二段 可描写作者对布罗迪的态度发生转变，并且布罗迪向作者道歉，作者和他建立了坚实的友谊。 2.续写线索：受到关注——合作——胜利——道歉——建立友谊 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①受到关注 be brought into focus/receive attention②合作：cooperation/teamwork ③胜利： victory/win ④建立友谊：develop a friendship/build a good friendship 情绪类 ①道歉：apologize/make an apology 【点睛】[高分句型 1].I jumped and planted my forehead into the ball, sending it into the far corner of the goal as Coach blew his whistle. （现在分词作状语） [高分句型 2]. Not only did he establish solid friendship with me, but also treated all the classmates heartily.（部分倒装的运用。）