2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5学案设计（40页word版）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5学案设计（40页word版）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5学案设计 话题素材——英雄人物 好词 ‎1.admirevt. 钦佩；欣赏 2.aggressive adj. 有进取心的 ‎3.creativeadj. 富有创造力的 4.achievement n. 成就 ‎5.confident adj. 有信心的 6.show_great_interest_in 对……产生极大的兴趣 ‎7.be active in 积极从事…… 8.think highly/well of 对……高度评价 ‎9.put one's heart and soul into... 全身心投入到……‎ ‎10.graduate from 从……毕业 ‎11.be enthusiastic about 对……热心 ‎12.make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事 ‎13.have a better understanding of 深入理解 ‎14.be occupied with 忙于；从事 ‎15.make great contributions to 对……作出巨大贡献 佳句 ‎1.By_being_devoted_to what he does no matter how boring it is, he sets_a_good_example_to us.‎ 不管事情有多枯燥，他都会全身心地去做所做之事，为我们树立一个好榜样。‎ ‎2.In his life, he got many honors, one_of_which is the 2015 CCTV ‎ Moving China Award.‎ 在他的一生中，他获得了许多的荣誉，其中之一是“2015 年感动中国年度人物”的称号。‎ ‎3.Mr Mcore pays more attention to his way of teaching,trying_various_ways_to_make_his_classes_lively_and_interesting.Mr Mcore 更多地将注意力放在自己的教学方法上，尝试各种方法使他的课生动有趣。‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ Life of Mother Teresa Mother Teresa is one of the greatest women in the world. She was born in Yugoslavia in 1910. At the age of 20, she went to India. There she first worked as a teacher. However, in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and after that, she was trained to become a nurse. She was so kind that she began helping the poor, the sick and the homeless in India. Besides, Mother Teresa opened many schools and hospitals in poor countries. While she was traveling, she called on people to help those in trouble. In 1979, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the love and the service she had given to unfortunate people.‎ 高频单词 ‎1．quality (n.) 质量；品质；性质 ‎2．mean (adj.) 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的→(vt.) 意味着；计划→meaning (n.) 意思；含义 ‎→meaningful (adj.) 严肃的；重大的；意味深长的→means (n.) 方式；手段 ‎3．active (adj.) 积极的；活跃的→actively (adv.) 积极地→activity (n.) 活动 ‎4．generous (adj.) 慷慨的；大方的 ‎5．selfish (adj.) 自私的→selfless (adj.) 无私的；忘我的 ‎6．devote (vt.) 献身；专心于→devoted (adj.) 忠实的；深爱的→devotion (n.) 关爱；奉献；忠诚 ‎7．found (vt.) 建立；建设→founded (过去式/过去分词)‎ ‎8．principle (n.) 法则；原则；原理 ‎9．peaceful (adj.) 和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully (adv.) 和平地→peace (n.) 和平；平静；和睦 ‎10．mankind (n.) 人类 ‎11．lawyer (n.) 律师→law (n.) 法律 ‎12．guidance (n.) 指导；领导→guide (vt.) 指引；指导→guided (adj.)有指导的；有导游的 ‎13．legal (adj.) 法律的；依照法律的→illegal (adj.) 非法的；违法的 ‎14．hopeful (adj.) 怀有希望的；有希望的→hope (n.&v.) 希望；愿望→hopeless (adj.) 没有希望的；无望的 ‎15．youth (n.) 青年；青年时期→young (adj.) 幼小的；青少年的 ‎16．stage (n.) 舞台；阶段；时期 ‎17．vote (vt. &vi.) 投票；选举(n.) 投票；选票；表决 ‎18．attack (vt.) 进攻；攻击；抨击 (n.) 攻击；抨击；疾病发作→attach (形近词) (vt.) 把……附(在……上)；重视 ‎19．violence (n.) 暴力；暴行→violent (adj.) 暴力的；猛烈的 ‎20．equal (adj.) 相等的；平等的→equality (n.) 平等；相等→equally (adv.) 同样地；相等地；公平地→unequal (adj.) 不平等的；不公平的 ‎21．willing (adj.) 乐意的；自愿的→unwilling (adj.) 不自愿的；不乐意的 ‎22．unfair (adj.) 不公正的；不公平的→fair (adj.) 公平的；合理的 (n.) 展销会→fairness (n.) 公正性；公平合理性 ‎23．escape (vt. &vi.) 逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露→escaped (adj.) 逃跑了的 ‎24．educate (vt.) 教育；训练→educated (adj.) 受过教育的；有教养的→education (n.) 教育 ‎→educator (n.) 教育工作者→educational (adj.) 教育的；有关教育的 ‎25．beg (vi.) 请求；乞求→begged (过去式/过去分词)→beggar (n.) 乞丐 ‎26．relative (n.) 亲属；亲戚 (adj.) 相关的→relation (n.) 关系 ‎27．terror (n.) 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动→terrorist (n.) 恐怖主义者；恐怖分子→terrible ‎(adj.) 非常严重的；令人不愉快的→terribly (adv.) 非常；很 ‎28．cruelty (n.) 残忍；残酷→cruel (adj.) 残暴的；冷酷的 ‎29．reward (n.) 报酬；奖金(vt.) 酬劳；奖赏→rewarding (adj.) 值得的；‎ 有益的；有回报的 ‎30．opinion (n.) 意见；看法；主张 重点短语 ‎1．out_of_work 失业 ‎2．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上 ‎3．in_trouble 在危险/受罚/痛苦/忧虑等处境中 ‎4．turn_to 求助于；致力于 ‎5．lose_heart 丧失勇气/信心 ‎6．come_to_power 上台；当权 ‎7．set_up 建立；设立 ‎8．be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑)‎ ‎9．blow_up 使充气；爆炸 ‎10．die_for 为……死去 ‎11．fight_for 为……而战 ‎12．believe_in 信任 ‎13．be_hopeful_about 对……有希望 ‎14．beg_for 乞求 ‎15．be_free_from/of 摆脱 热点句型 ‎1．“the first(＋n./pron.)＋to do”结构中不定式作后置定语 He was the_first_man_to_land_on_the_moon(第一位登上月球的人)in July 1969.(教材 P33)‎ ‎2．This was a time when...“这是一个……的时期”‎ However, this_was_a_time_when(这是一个……的时期)one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.(教材 P34)‎ ‎3．stage 表示抽象的地点时，常接 where 引导的定语从句 The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until todaywe have reached a_stage_where (……的阶段) we have almost no rights at all.(教材 P34)‎ ‎4．only 修饰状语置于句首引起的倒装句 Only_then_did_we_decide_to (直到那时我们才决定)answer violence with violence.(教材 P34)‎ ‎5．the first time 引导时间状语从句 I felt bad the_first_time_I_talked_to_a_group (我第一次给一个小组作讲解时)．(教材 P38)‎ 巩固训练 在括号内填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．The time ________ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.‎ 答案：when ‎2．We first broke the law in a way ________ was peaceful.‎ 答案：which/that ‎3．He ________ (found) the first Republic in China in 1911 after many years' fighting.‎ 答案：founded ‎4．He offered ________ (guide) to poor black people on their legal problems.‎ 答案：guidance ‎5．We were put into a position ________ we had either to accept we were less important, ________fight the government.‎ 答案：in which/where; or ‎6．He was generous ________ his time, ________ which I was grateful.‎ 答案：with; for ‎7．We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find ________ (make) candles to see the words.‎ 答案：to make ‎8．Since I was better educated, I ________(get) a job working in an office.‎ 答案：got ‎9．He said they should not ________ (stop) from studying for their degrees.‎ 答案：be stopped ‎10．I remembered the beatings and the ________ (cruel) of the guards and my friends who had died.‎ 答案：cruelty ‎1 devote vt.(与 to 连用)献身；专心于 A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping ‎ others.(P33)‎ 一个伟人是一个致力于帮助别人的人。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)devote oneself to 献身于；致力于；专心于 ‎ devote...to...把……奉献于……‎ ‎(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的 ‎ be devoted to 深爱；致力于 ‎(3)devotion n．关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 名师点睛 在短语 devote...to...中，to 为介词，其后接名词或动名词，类似短语还包括：‎ look forward to 期盼；get down to 开始着手做；be/get used to 习惯于；be/get accustomed to 习惯于；‎ lead to 导致；pay attention to 注意；object to 反对；be addicted to 对……上瘾；contribute to 有助于，‎ 促进；adapt to 适应；be attached to 附属于；stick to 坚持；be opposed to 反对；adjust to 调整以适应。‎ 语境助记 ‎①[2016·北京高考]Neighbors devoted_their_spare_time_to helping others rebuild.‎ 邻居们利用他们的空闲时间帮助他人重建家园。‎ ‎②You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted_to your work.‎ 除非你全心全意地去工作，否则你将永远不会获得成功。‎ ‎③He is highly thought of because of his devotion_to duty.‎ 由于忠于职守他被高度评价。‎ ‎2 equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的 vt.等于；抵得上 n．同等的人；相等物 But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.(P34)‎ 但我非常乐意帮忙，因为我知道这会帮助我们实现使黑人和白人平等的梦想。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/胜任某物/做某事 A equals B in...A 在……方面比得上 B/与 B 相匹敌 without equal 无与伦比 have no equal 无与伦比；首屈一指 ‎(2)equality n．平等 Equally adv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地 语境助记 ‎①Little pleasure can be_equal_to that of a cool drink in hot summer.‎ 在炎热的夏天几乎没有任何乐趣能与饮一杯冷饮的乐趣相比。‎ ‎②In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have_no_equal.‎ 事实上，论及战争的艺术，蚂蚁简直是无与伦比的。‎ ‎③[牛津高阶]He is a player without_equal.‎ 他是个无与伦比的运动员。‎ ‎④Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment.‎ 在教育和就业方面，男女必须得到平等的对待。‎ ‎⑤[2016·北京高考]Learning to deal with the social world is equally_important.‎ 学习与社交界打交道是同等重要的。‎ ‎3 escape vi.& n．逃脱；逃走；泄露 vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；被遗忘 It was a prison from which no one escaped.(P38)‎ 那是一座任何人都逃不出去的监狱。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)escape doing sth. 逃避做某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 escape one's attention/notice 逃避某人的注意 ‎(2)fire escape 太平梯；安全梯，安全出口 a narrow escape 九死一生 ‎(3)escapedadj. 逃跑了的 语境助记 ‎①[牛津高阶]He escaped_from prison this morning.‎ 他今天早上从监狱里逃跑了。‎ ‎②It is said that he narrowly_escaped_being_killed in the traffic accident the other day.‎ 据说前些天他在交通事故里死里逃生。‎ ‎③Compared with the_escaped_driver,_I am proud of what I did.‎ 和逃逸的司机相比，我为我所做的事情感到自豪。‎ ‎④Last year I had a_narrow_escape,_and I don't want to risk my life a second time.‎ 去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。‎ ‎⑤写出下列句子中 escape 的含义 a．So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.逃离 b．Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment.被遗忘 ‎4 reward n．& vt.报酬；奖金；酬劳；奖赏 They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.(P38)‎ 他们说来自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)as a reward for 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏 get/receive your reward 获得回报 in reward (for...)作为(对……的)报答/奖赏 ‎(2)reward sb. for sth./doing sth.为(做)某事而报答某人 reward sb. with sth.用某物奖赏某人 ‎(3)rewardingadj. 值得的；有益的；有回报的 语境助记 ‎①[2016·江苏高考]She was highly rewarded_for her efforts.‎ 因为努力，她颇受嘉奖。‎ ‎②She started singing to the baby and was_rewarded_with a smile.‎ 她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。‎ ‎③[牛津高阶]He rewarded_us_with a lot of money for helping him.‎ 他重金酬谢我们对于他的帮助。‎ ‎④As_a_reward_for/In_reward_for his bravery, the soldier was given a medal.‎ 为奖励他的勇敢，这个士兵被授予一枚奖章。‎ ‎⑤It is unfair that he gets very little reward_for his hard work.‎ 他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。‎ ‎⑥[一言辨异]Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Literature Prize for writing. In his spare time, he has always been ready to help young writers. How can we reward his kindness?‎ 莫言被授予了诺贝尔文学奖。在他的业余时间，他总是乐意帮助年轻作家。我们该如何回报他的好意呢？‎ 过关演练 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．He rewarded the boy________ $10 ________bringing back the lost dog.‎ 答案：with; for 考查固定搭配。reward sb. with sth. for (doing) sth.“为(做)某事用某物报答某人”。‎ ‎2．The old lady stood by the road, ________ (beg) the passers by for money.‎ 答案：begging 考查分词作状语。the old lady 与 beg 之间为主动关系，故填 begging。‎ ‎3．Tsinghua University, ________ (found) in 1911, is one of the best universities in China.‎ 答案：founded 考查分词作定语。found 意为“成立”，与 Tsinghua University 之间为被动关系，‎ 故填 founded。‎ ‎4．Maggie thought it was ________ (fair) that women were not allowed to receive education.‎ 答案：unfair 考查词形转换。结合句意可知，填 unfair“不公平的”。‎ ‎5．We should be ________ (hope) about our future whatever situation we are in.‎ 答案：hopeful 考查词性转换。系动词后应为形容词，结合语意可知，此处填 hopeful。‎ ‎6．Mr Wang made up his mind to devote all the time he could spare to ________ (improve) his oral English before going abroad.‎ 答案：improving 考查固定搭配。devote sth. to doing sth.中 to 为介词，其后应跟 v.-ing 形式。‎ ‎7．Mike often attempts to escape ________ (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.‎ 答案：being fined 考查固定搭配 escape doing 中动词 do 的被动用法。因为 fine 与 Mike 之间为被动关系，故填 being fined。‎ ‎8．The position is ________ (equal) suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.‎ 答案：equally 考查词性转换。此处应填副词修饰 suitable。‎ ‎9．The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and ________ (sentence) to up to 3 years in prison.‎ 答案：be sentenced 考查固定搭配。be sentenced to “被判处……(徒刑)”。‎ ‎10．________(devote)to teaching, as we know, contributes to his popularity with his students.‎ 答案：Being devoted 考查动名词短语作主语。分析句子结构可知，contributes 为谓语，故空格处应填动名词形式作主语。be devoted to“致力于”。‎ ‎1 in trouble 有麻烦；处于困难中 Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble.(P35)‎ 伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊·曼德拉。‎ 归纳拓展 get into trouble 陷入困境；惹麻烦 ‎_get sb. into/out of trouble 使某人陷入/摆脱困境 have trouble/difficultyîï ïì( in(doing sth.‎ with sth. 做某事有困难 ask/look for trouble 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃 take (the) trouble to_do sth. 费力/不辞辛苦地做某事(也可根据语境在 trouble 前加上 a lot of/a little/great 等)‎ 语境助记 ‎①You can't imagine the trouble I_had_persuading_him_to change his mind.‎ 你无法想象我说服他改变主意有多么困难。‎ ‎②Please don't hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have_trouble_with your study.‎ 不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。‎ ‎③As is known to us all, if we are in_trouble,_it is not our phone, but our friends that can really help us out.‎ 众所周知，如果我们有困难，是朋友而不是手机可以真正地帮助我们摆脱困境。‎ ‎④[牛津高阶]They take_a_lot_of_trouble to find the right person for the right job.‎ 他们竭力寻找合适的人选。‎ ‎⑤If you play with dangerous chemicals like that you're just asking_for_trouble.‎ 如果你像那样摆弄危险的化学品，你简直是在自讨苦吃。‎ ‎2 turn to 转向；求助于……‎ Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal？(P35)‎ 为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)turn away 离开；转变……的方向 turn down 拒绝；调小 turn off/on 关掉/打开 turn out 证明是；结果是；生产 turn (...) into (使……)变成 turn over 翻身；翻转；移交 turn up 露面；出现；开大 ‎(2)in turn 反过来，转而；轮流 take turns to_do/doing sth. 轮流做某事 语境助记 ‎①When in trouble, you should turn_to_your_parents for help.‎ 有麻烦的时候，你应该向父母求助。‎ ‎②They take_turns to look after their sick father in the hospital.‎ 他们轮流照顾生病住院的父亲。‎ ‎③Tom had to turn_down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.‎ 上周末汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。‎ ‎④Don't worry, I'm sure your missing glasses will turn_up sooner or later.‎ 别担心，我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。‎ ‎⑤The car skipped and turned_over.‎ 汽车打滑向一侧翻倒了。‎ ‎⑥[牛津高阶]Despite our worries everything turned_out well.‎ 尽管我们都很担心，结果一切都顺利。‎ ‎⑦[2016·浙江高考]Don't let gossip turn_into lies.‎ 不要让谣言变成谎言。‎ ‎⑧写出下列句中 turn to 的含义 a．Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.转向 b．While in trouble, you can turn to her for help.求助于 c．If you turn to page 40, you will find it.翻到 d．After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.开始从事 ‎3 lose heart 丧失勇气/信心；灰心；泄气 The scientist from whom we heard the good news never lost heart when he was in trouble.(P37)‎ 这位科学家遇到困难时从不灰心，我们从其口中获得好消息。‎ 归纳拓展 lose one's heart to sb.爱上某人 put one's heart into 一心扑在……上 learn sth. by heart 背诵；记牢……‎ strike...into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 open your heart to sb. 向某人敞开心扉；倾诉衷肠 heart and soul 全心全意 from the bottom of one's heart 从某人的心底，真心实意地 名师点睛 短语 lose heart 中 heart 前不能有任何修饰、限定成分，heart 也不用复数形式。‎ 语境助记 ① ‎[2016·天津高考]We should not lose_heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out.‎ 在面对困难的时候我们不应该丧失勇气，如果我们努力，我们就会找到出路。‎ ‎②As a matter of fact, nothing is too difficult if you put_your_heart_into_it.‎ 事实上，世上无难事，只怕有心人。‎ ‎③Thank you from_the_bottom_of_my_heart for your generous donations.‎ 我从心底感谢你的慷慨捐赠。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 out of work； come to power； be equal to； be devoted to； in trouble； blow up；in my opinion； set up； in reward ( for(； turn to ‎1．He received high praise ________ his caring about the old.‎ 答案：in reward for ‎2．With no one ________ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.‎ 答案：to turn to ‎3．Being ________and having two young children, they found it hard to make ends meet.‎ 答案：out of work ‎4．________， most people learn best by doing things, not by sitting in a classroom and reading about it.‎ 答案：In my opinion ‎5．Most people think that things have changed for the better since the new government ________.‎ 答案：came to power ‎6．A police officer was killed when his car ________.‎ 答案：blew up ‎7．For all these years I have been working for others, I'm hoping I'll ________ my own business someday.‎ 答案：set up ‎8．He admitted that their marriage was ________.‎ 答案：in trouble ‎9．He ________ the work of helping those who suffer from accidents and earthquakes.‎ 答案：is devoted to ‎10．None of us can ________ her, either in beauty or as a dancer.‎ 答案：be equal to ‎1 The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage_ where we have almost no rights at all.(P34)‎ 过去 30 年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)本句中 where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 stage。‎ ‎(2)当先行词是 stage, situation, case, position, point, family 等词，且从句中不缺少主语和宾语时，将以上词看作地点，因而关系词常为 in which 或 where。‎ 名师点睛 occasion 作先行词，且从句中不缺主语和宾语时，若意为“时刻”，则选用关系副词 when；若意为“场合”，则选用关系副词 where。‎ 语境助记 ① ‎[2016·天津高考]Having gone through the long process with art, rock ‎ climbing, and reading and writing, now I've got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.‎ 在经历了漫长的学习旅途——艺术、爬山、读书、写作——之后，现在我到了人生的这样一个阶段——我知道自己足够聪明可进入一个完全不熟悉的、艰难的，却有趣的领域。‎ ‎②The project aims to get kids to a stage called “deep reading”， where they can read to learn.‎ 这一项目旨在使孩子们进入深度阅读的阶段，在这一阶段他们可以为了学习而读书。‎ ‎③You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.‎ 你可能遇上一种情况，使你不得不立刻作出决定。‎ ‎④I can think of various cases where students obviously know the problems but can't work them out.‎ 我可以想出多种情况，在这些情况下，学生们显然知道问题所在，却不能解决它们。‎ ‎⑤Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.‎ 销售经理是一个交流能力与销售技能同等重要的职位。‎ ‎2 I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group.(P38)‎ 我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时，心里觉得很不好受。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的有：‎ the momentü the minute the instant ‎＝as soon as 一……就……‎ ‎(2)‎ every time 每次/回……‎ each time 每当 next time 下次 any time (在(任何时间 the last time 最后一次 ‎(3)有时副词也可充当连词，引导时间状语从句，它们是：instantly,_ immediately,_ directly 等，都相当于 as soon as。‎ ‎(4)hardly/scarcely...when...以及 no sooner...than...意为“一……就……”，从句常用一般过去时态，主句用过去完成时，且 hardly/scarcely/no sooner 位于句首时，要用部分倒装。‎ 语境助记 ‎①The_first_time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.‎ 我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。‎ ‎②[2016·浙江高考]Every_time he arrived home at the end of the day, we'd greet him at the door.‎ 每次他忙碌一天回到家，我们都会在门口相迎。‎ ‎③[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the_last_time you visited our school.‎ 我记得上次你参观我们学校的时候给我看过一些关于这一主题的照片。‎ ‎④[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]By_the_time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside.‎ 当这群人起身要走的时候，外边正在下着倾盆大雨。‎ ‎⑤[牛津高阶]Immediately/As_soon_as/Directly/Instantly she'd gone, I remembered her name.‎ 她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。‎ ‎⑥No_sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.‎ 我们刚到车站，火车就离开了。‎ 易混辨析 the first time 用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”‎ for the first time是介词短语，只能用作状语，不可用来引导状语从句，意为“第一次”‎ ‎⑦单句改错 Naturally, you were nervous when you went on the platform the first time. platform 后加 for ‎3 ...only_then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(P34)‎ ‎……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ 归纳拓展 本句中 only then 放句首，句子使用了部分倒装结构 only＋状语 副词 介词短语 从句 ‎＋部分倒装 名师点睛 ‎(1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；‎ ‎(2)only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。‎ 语境助记 ‎①Only recently have I allowed myself to think of that again.‎ 只有到了最近，我才允许自己再次考虑那个问题。‎ ‎②Only by saying polite words can_you get on well with others.‎ 只有说话礼貌你才能和其他人相处得好。‎ ‎③Only after we'd had the car for a few days did_we_realize we'd been taken in by the dealer.‎ 车子到手几天后，我们才明白我们被经销商骗了。‎ ‎④Only_I know him here.‎ 在这里，只有我认识他。‎ 过关演练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations ________ help is needed.‎ 答案：where 考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，且先行词表地点，故填 where。‎ ‎2．Only after Mary read her composition a second time ________ she notice the spelling mistakes.‎ 答案：did 考查倒装句。“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。‎ ‎3．Hardly had I got to the office ________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.‎ 答案：when 考查固定句式。hardly...when...表示“一……就……”。‎ ‎4．My mom didn't wait a moment, but came ________ (direct) she received my call.‎ 答案：directly 考查 directly 充当连词的用法。directly 表示“一……就……”。‎ ‎5．I can hardly remember any occasions ________ I get caught in a traffic jam in our town.‎ 答案：when 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，根据语意可知，此处 occasion 意为“时刻”，故填 when。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．Believe it or not, the man ________ has been free for two years.‎ 信不信由你，这个被判过死刑的人已经自由了两年。‎ 答案：sentenced to death ‎2．I was very nervous ________________I gave a speech in the meeting hall.‎ 我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。‎ 答案：the first time ‎3．Do you know who was ________________the gold medal in the 2014 Asian Games?‎ 你知道谁是第一位在 2014 年亚运会上获得金牌的运动员吗？‎ 答案：the first athlete to win ‎4．________________ when I enjoyed most as a student.‎ 这是我作为学生最快活的时光。‎ 答案：This was a time 定语从句(Ⅱ)‎ 定语从句除了由关系代词引导外，还可由关系副词when, where, why引导，它们在从句中作状语。‎ 关系副词 用法 when 其先行词常常是表示时间的名词，如：time, day, hour, year 等，when 代替先行词在从句中作时间状语 where 其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如：place, room, house, street, area 等， where 在从句中代替先行词作地点状语 why 常用在先行词 reason 后，代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，也可用 for which 来代替 名师点睛 选择关系副词作关系词的原则是：从句中不缺少主语、宾语和表语，然后根据先行词表示的时间，地点和原因来确定 when， where， why。‎ 过关演练 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)。‎ ‎1．[2016·北京高考]Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job ________，without dealing with the public, I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to.‎ 答案：where 考查定语从句。先行词是 a job, where 引导定语从句，相当于 in which。句意：去年，我一直在找一个不用和公众打交道，可以独自做事，但还能与团队交谈的工作。‎ ‎2．I don't know the reason ________ you were absent from the meeting and I'm sure that someone will tell me the reason ________ you haven't told me.‎ 答案：why; which/that 考查定语从句。第一个从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词为 reason，故用关系副词 why 引导；第二个从句中缺少宾语，先行词指物，故填关系代词 which/that。‎ ‎3．We went through a period________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.‎ 答案：when 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词表时间，故填 when。‎ ‎4．Everyone will go through life's stages of ups and downs, ________ self-respect plays a key role in the maturity of a person.‎ 答案：where 考查定语从句。从句中缺少状语，且先行词 stage 表地点。‎ ‎5．The yellow house ________ windows face south is the place ________ I spent my childhood.‎ 答案：whose; where 考查定语从句。第一空前的先行词与空格后的名词为所属关系，故填 whose；第二空后的从句中不缺句子成分，且先行词表地点，故填 where。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时 16′)‎ A Winston Churchill was born on November 30, 1874, in England. He served in the British Army until 1899. The following year, Churchill began his long career in the government. Churchill was elected to various positions for the next several years. After the beginning of World War Ⅱ， Churchill was appointedW1 First Lord of the Admiralty. In early May, the former Prime Minister of England resignedW2 and Churchill was appointed to the position by King George Ⅵ. England's army ‎ suffered many losses early on and Churchill faced a great deal of criticismW3. But one of the major contributions he made to the eventual victoryW4 was his ability to inspire the British people to greater effort by making public broadcasts on significant occasions. As a brilliant public orator (演说家), he was a tireless source of strength to people.‎ On October 29, 1941, Churchill made a speech at Harrow School which he attended as a youth. Part of the speech included the lines, “Never give in except to convictions (信念) of honor and good sense. Never yield to force; never yield to the apparently overwhelmingW5 might of the enemy.” He also used the phrase “Never, never, never give up” in his personal writing and correspondence (信件)．Churchill losthisbidP1 for re-election in 1945 and shortly thereafter suffered his first stroke. He remained active in politics, returning to the Prime Minister position in 1951, until his health forced him to retire. Throughout his life he was an enthusiastic writer and even won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Sir Winston Churchill passedawayP2 on January 24, 1965.‎ 篇章导读：本文是关于温斯顿·丘吉尔的一篇传记，简述了其辉煌的一生。‎ ‎1．The text is developed by ________.‎ A．providing examples B． following time order C．making comparisons D． following space order 答案：B 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章主要按照人物事件发生 的先后顺序展开，即时间顺序。‎ ‎2．By using the lines from Churchill's speech, the author wants to prove that ________.‎ A．Churchill always accepted his mistakes B．Churchill was thankful for his home country C．Churchill was a tireless source of strength to people D．Churchill mainly inspired young people to make greater effort 答案：C 推理判断题。联系第二段最后一句和第三段第二句可推知，引用丘吉尔演讲的台词主要是为了证明他一直是人们的力量源泉。‎ ‎3．What is the author's attitude towards Churchill?‎ A．Admiring. B． Skeptical.‎ C．Sympathetic. D． Disappointing.‎ 答案：A 推理判断题。通读全文并根据文中出现的褒义词(如：contributions, inspire, brilliant,enthusiastic 等)可以看出，作者对丘吉尔是充满钦佩之情的。‎ ‎4．This text can be classified as a ________.‎ A．historical story B． medical report C．news report D． biography 答案：D 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要按照时间顺序简要介绍了温斯顿·丘吉尔的生平，故本文为一篇传记。‎ W重点单词 ‎1．appoint vt. 任命；委派 ‎2．resign v. 辞职；放弃(工作或职位)‎ ‎3．criticism n．批评；指责 ‎4．victory n．胜利；成功 ‎5．overwhelming adj. 难以抗拒的；压倒性的 P重点短语 ‎1．lose one's bid 失利 2.pass away 去世 B ‎[2019·河南八市质检]Chinese New Year celebrations, also known as the Spring Festival start on the 23rd day of the 12th lunarW1 month of the Chinese calendar, and end on the 15th day of the first lunar month in the following year in the Chinese calendar. Chinese New Year's Day's date is calculated according to the Chinese lunar calendar. In 2015 it's Thursday, February 19.‎ Many people clean their homes to welcome the Spring Festival. They put up the red posters with poetic verses on it to their doors, Chinese New Year pictures on their walls, and decorateW2 their homes with red lanterns. It is also a time to reunite with relatives, so many people visit their families at this time of the year.In the evening of the Spring Festival Eve, many people setoffP1 fireworks and firecrackers, hoping to cast away any bad luck and bring forth good luck. Children often receive lucky money. Many people wear new clothes and send Chinese New Year greetings to each other. VariousW3 activities such as beating drums ‎ and striking gongs, aswellasP2 dragon and lion dances, are all part of the Spring Festival festivities.‎ The Spring Festival is a national holiday in China. Government offices, schools, universities and many companies are closed during the period from the Spring Festival Eve to the seventh day of the first lunar month in the Chinese calendar. However, some enterprises such as banks often arrange for workers to be on shift duty. Public transport is available during the Chinese New Year period.‎ The red posters with poetic verses on it were initially a type of amulet (驱邪物), but now it simply means good fortune and joy. Various Chinese New Year symbols express different meanings. For example, an image of a fish symbolizes “having more than one needs every year”. A firecracker symbolizes “good luck in the coming year”. The festival lanterns symbolize “pursuing the bright and the beautiful”．‎ 篇章导读：春节是中国人民最隆重的传统节日，也象征着团结、兴旺，是对未来寄托新的希望的佳节。从腊月二十三到正月十五人们一直沉浸在欢乐的节日中。‎ ‎5．The passage mainly tells us ________.‎ A．Chinese New Year is around the corner B．what people usually do during Chinese New Year C．how people treat each other on the special day D．Chinese New Year witnesses the longest holidays 答案：B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在文中主要讲述了中国的春节，以及在春节前后人们所做的活动。‎ ‎6．Traditionally Chinese New Year will last about ______.‎ A．23 days B． 15 days C．7 days D． 25 days 答案：A 细节理解题。依据第一段可知，春节始于腊月二十三，到来年的正月十五结束，历时23 天的时间。‎ ‎7．The original purpose of the red posters is ________.‎ A．to show some wonderful poems to others B．to decorate the house with bright colors C．to drive the evils away from their homes D．to welcome friends and relatives warmly 答案：C 细节理解题。依据尾段的第一句可知，最初在门上贴红色的对联是为了驱邪。故选 C。‎ ‎8．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.‎ A．the New Year symbols mean good for the future B．giving lucky money is a must for parents C．the Chinese celebrate the festival differently D．the staff in banks have a seven－day holiday 答案：A 推理判断题。依据尾段可知，不管是对联、爆竹、鱼还是节日的灯都意味着对未来的美好祝愿。故选 A。‎ W重点单词 ‎1．lunar adj. 阴历的；月亮的 ‎2．decorate v. 装饰；装修 ‎3．various adj. 各种各样的 ‎4．available adj. 可得到的；空闲的 ‎5．fortune n. 命运；运气 P重点短语 ‎1．set off 动身；起程；引爆 ‎2．as well as 除……之外，还……‎ Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时 8′)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎4 Reasons Change Is Good for You We all know that change is hard because your brain is used to doing the same thing over and over again.‎ ‎___1___ But the positive consequence is really great. Here are four reasons why change is good for you：‎ ‎___2___‎ Life in the comfort zone is easy. You simply follow a routine and you can predict the consequences. Outside of the comfort zone, your assumptions are challenged. The idea of doing the same thing over and over without question is discouraged.‎ You get to experience more.‎ ‎___3___ When you look back on your life, all of the really amazing things are because of a new experience you had. All of those vacations you took and all of the people you have met have taught you more than you ever learned in school. These experiences now make up who you are today.‎ You'll be more flexible and adaptable.‎ Without doubt, change makes your more flexible and adaptable. You learn to deal with things in a way that seems foreign but acceptable and achievable. ___4___ You begin to thrive (兴旺) in new situations because you have proven to yourself that you can, not only handle change, but FLOURISH.‎ You have more fun.‎ When you are open to change, you are open to saying YES to more. You are open to more experiences and opportunities. ___5___ When you add all of these things together, you are going to have a more colorful life and you'll have a ton of fun figuring it all out along the way—there's no doubt about it.‎ A．You are pushed out of your comfort zone.‎ B．Experience is waiting for you at the doorstep.‎ C．You have the opportunity to meet more people too.‎ D．Whether the change is good or bad for you, it does happen.‎ E．We also know how challenging it can be to go through change.‎ F．Then, you'll be more confident when in the next uncomfortable situation.‎ G．Change is good because you have the chance to involve in new experiences.‎ 篇章导读：众所周知改变是件不容易的事情。但是学会改变的确对人们有着积极的影响。本文介 绍了四种改变给人们带来的好处。‎ ‎1．E 根据上文内容及后句的转折可以判断，前句是讲述关于改变的不容易。故选 E。‎ ‎2．A 本段介绍人们适应了舒适的生活，而学着改变则是在强迫人们走出舒适区域。故选 A。‎ ‎3．G 根据段落标题可知，本段是介绍改变能够让人们体验更多新事物，此处的信息提示词是 experience。故选 G。‎ ‎4．F 前句介绍改变可以让人们以一种不熟悉的方式去处理问题，而 F 选项内容是当下次遇到不安的情况时，人们就有了自信，由此判断 F 选项可以承上启下，提示词是 foreign 和 next uncomfortable situation。‎ ‎5．C 前句内容是介绍改变会给人们带来更多的机会和体验，由此可知，它同时也能够使人们接触更多的人。故选 C。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时 10′)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ I remember the occasion when mother sent me to the main road, about twenty yards away from our house, to invite a passing group of seasonal work－seekers for a meal. She ___1___ (instruct) me to take a basket along and collect dry cow dung (牛粪) for making a fire. I was then to prepare the meal for the group of work－seekers.___2___ thought of making an open fire outside at midday, and ___3___ (cook) in a large three－legged pot in that intense heat, was sufficient to upset even an angel. I did not manage to hide my feelings from my mother and, after serving the group, she called me to the veranda (走廊) ___4___ she usually sat to attend to her sewing and knitting.___5___ straight into my eyes, she asked “Why did you get angry ___6___ I requested you to prepare a meal for those poor people？” ___7___ my attempt to deny her blame, using the heat of the fire and the sun as an excuse for my rude behavior, mother, she gave me a firm look, ___8___ (say), “You cannot detect what trouble may lie ahead of you.”I ___9___ (sudden) realized that if I had refused to offer this group of people a meal, ___10___ would be impossible that in my travels some time in the future, I would get these individuals' help.‎ 篇章导读：小时候，母亲让“我”到“我们”家附近的路上邀请那些找季节性工作的人来“我”家吃午 饭。“我”还得捡干牛粪生火，所以“我”感到心烦。看到“我”一脸的不悦，母亲批评了“我”一顿。“我”‎ 认识到，也许有一天，“我”会需要这些人的帮助。‎ ‎1．instructed 考查动词的时态。本空在主语后，空格处需填谓语动词，整篇文章用的是一般过 去时，因此应填动词的一般过去式。‎ ‎2．The 考查冠词。本空在名词前，填定冠词 The，表示特指。‎ ‎3．cooking 考查动名词。由空格前的 and 可知，本空与前面的短语 making an open fire outside at midday 并列，作介词 of 的宾语，因此填 cooking。‎ ‎4．where 考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词 the veranda 为地点名词，是关系词在从句中 作地点状语，因此填关系副词 where。‎ ‎5．Looking 考查现在分词作状语。本空应填现在分词 Looking，表示伴随状况。由语境可知，‎ 母亲直视着作者的眼睛，问作者为什么因帮助别人而闷闷不乐。‎ ‎6．when 考查状语从句。根据句意可知，空格处需填连词 when，连接时间状语从句，意为“当……‎ 的时候”。‎ ‎7．Despite/Regardless of 考查介词(短语)。结合语境可知，此处填介词 Despite“尽管”或介词短 语 Regardless of “不顾，不管”。‎ ‎8．saying 考查现在分词作状语。mother 与 say 之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，表示伴 随状况。‎ ‎9．suddenly 考查副词。空格在动词前，应填副词 suddenly 作状语，修饰动词。‎ ‎10．it 考查代词。代词 it 用作形式主语，代替后面的 that 引导的主语从句。‎ Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时 20′)‎ ‎[2019·河北武邑调研]假如你是高中三年级的学生李华，你们学校组织了一项“有烦恼向谁说”的 调查活动。请用英语给校报编辑写一封信，反映相关情况。内容包括：调查结果(如图所示)、持相应 想法的理由及你对调查结果的看法。‎ 注意：1.信的开头和结尾已经给出；‎ ‎2．词数 100 词左右。‎ Dear Editor，‎ I am a Senior Three student. Recently we have carried out a survey — “To whom do you go when in trouble？” The results are as follows.‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua ‎[标准范文]‎ Dear_Editor，‎ I_am_a_Senior_Three_student._Recently_we_have_carried_out_a_survey—“To_whom_do_you_go_when_in_trouble？”_The_results_are_as_follows.61% of the students surveyed select friends or schoolmates as their ideal listeners when they have trouble, the reason of which is that they are in the same age group and have a better understanding of eachother. Another 22% choose teachers and parents to talk to. They suggest that teachers and parents are rich inlife and educational experiences. Nevertheless, there are also 17% who don't share their troubles at all. They say that their troubles are none of others' business. They find it hard to get along with others.‎ It is not easy to reach definite conclusions based on such a small example. However, some general comments can be made. It seems clear from the response that some students lack communication with others, and teachers and parents need to play a more important role in their lives.‎ Yours_sincerely，‎ Li_Hua