高二英语外研版必修5教师用书：Module 1 Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language

高二英语外研版必修5教师用书：Module 1 Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language

www.ks5u.com Ⅰ.单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 ‎1．He speaks English with a strong Irish accent.‎ ‎2．The station was crowded with people.We had to queue up for an hour for the tickets.‎ ‎3．There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.‎ ‎4．Ideas on childcare may differ considerably between the parents.‎ ‎5．We carefully compared (比较) the first report with the second yesterday.‎ ‎6．The instructions are so confusing (令人困惑的) that I have done it all wrong.‎ ‎7．He remarked(谈论) on the differences in security measures at the two airports.‎ ‎8．To my delight，the students worked very hard and were making progress steadily(不断地；持续地)．‎ ‎9．Early settlers(定居者) from Europe settled on the coast of the Pacific Ocean and built some houses.‎ ‎10．When you leave the room，please turn off all the switches.‎ Ⅱ.拓展词汇 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 ‎1．obvious adj.显然的，显而易见的→obviously adv.显然地，显而易见地 ‎2．confuse vt.使困惑→confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confused adj.感到困惑的→confusion n．困惑 ‎3．vary v．改变；使变化→various adj.各种各样的→variety n．种类→variation n．变化 ‎4．differ vi.不同，有区别→different adj.不同的，有区别的→differently adv.不同地，有区别地→difference n．不同；区别 ‎5．steady adj.持续的→steadily adv.不断地；持续地 adj.＋ly→adv.‎ 表示“声音”的名词 steadily 不断地；持续地 obviously 显然地，显而易见地 rapidly 迅速地 accent 口音 voice 声音；嗓音 noise噪音 Ⅲ.补全短语 根据提示补全下列短语 ‎1．have...in common　 有相同的特点 ‎2．make a difference 有影响，使不相同 ‎3．get around 到处走动(旅行)‎ ‎4．be similar to 与……相似 ‎5．have difficulty(in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 ‎6．lead to 引起；导致 Ⅳ.选词填空 选用上述短语的适当形式填空 ‎1．As we all know，success lies in hard work while laziness leads to failure.‎ ‎2．I'm glad that your view on the matter is similar to mine.‎ ‎3．The government calls on people to get around by using public transport.‎ ‎4．We should try our best to help those who have difficulty (in) studying English.‎ ‎5．They are now in great need of help.So your support will certainly make a difference.‎ get＋prep./adv.→动词短语 to为介词的短语 get around 四处走动(旅行)‎ get through 通过；拨通(电话)‎ get over 克服 lead to 引起；导致 be/get used to 习惯于 look forward to 期待；盼望 背教材原句 记句式结构 仿写促落实 ‎1.Americans use a flashlight，while for the British，it's a torch.美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人却叫它torch。‎ while用作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而，却”。‎ 她强烈反对这项计划，而她的丈夫却表示支持。‎ She is strongly against the plan while her husband is in favor of it.‎ ‎2.This nonstop communication，the experts think，has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.专家们认为，这样不间断的交流使英国人和美国人彼此理解起来更加容易。‎ make＋it＋adj./n.＋不定式/that...，其中it为形式宾语。‎ 两个人之间的误解使得他们很难交流。‎ The misunderstanding between the two made it difficult for them to communicate with each other.‎ ‎3.It doesn't make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.老师讲英式英语还是美式英语没有太大差别。‎ it作形式主语，真正的主语是whether...or...引导的主语从句。‎ 输赢不重要，重在参与。‎ It doesn't matter whether you win or not and the most important thing is to take part.‎ ‎ have...in common有相同的特点 ‎(教材P1)We have really everything in common with America nowadays，except of course，language.‎ 当然除了语言，我们现在确实和美国一切都是相同的。‎ ‎(1)have a lot/much/a great deal in common with ‎　　　　　　　　 与……有很多共同之处 have nothing/little in common with ‎ 与……没有/很少有共同之处 ‎(2)in common with... 与……一样 ‎(3)common sense 常识 ‎①Although they are good friends，they had little in common with each other.‎ 尽管他们是好朋友，但是他们几乎没有共同之处。‎ ‎②Anyone with common sense is able to make the right decision when facing the situation.‎ 当面对这种情况时，任何有常识的人都会做出正确选择。‎ ‎③In common with other middleaged people I like jogging in the morning.‎ 与其他中年人一样，我喜欢早上慢跑。‎ ‎ make a difference 有影响，使不相同 ‎(教材P1)It doesn't make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.‎ 老师讲英式英语还是美式英语没有太大差别。‎ make much/a great/big difference to对……有很大影响 make no/little difference to对……没有/几乎没有影响 tell the difference between ...辨别出……之间的不同之处 ‎①I will try my best to change the situation，even if it makes little difference.‎ 我将会尽力改变现状，即使影响很小。‎ ‎②Exercise can make a big difference to your state of health.‎ 锻炼会极大地改善你的健康状况。‎ ‎③The twins look so alike that you can hardly tell the difference between them.‎ 这对双胞胎看起来太像了，你简直无法将他们区分开来。‎ ‎ get around四处走动(旅行)；(消息、谣言等)传播开来；说服；回避 ‎(教材P2)．..maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi(British) or cab(American)．……你也许愿意乘坐taxi(英式)或者cab(美式)游览城市。‎ ‎　写出下列句中get around的含义 ‎①Good news never goes beyond the gate，while bad news gets around quickly.传播开来 ‎②She's trying to get around her father to buy her a new car.说服 ‎③It's hard to get around in some foreign cities if you don't know the language.到处走动(旅行)‎ ‎④You can't get around the fact that the pollution is becoming more and more serious.回避 get along/on with　　　 与……相处；进展 get down to 开始认真(做某事)‎ get across (使)被理解；(使)被接受 get through 通过；拨通(电话)‎ get over 克服 ‎⑤I tried calling you several times，but I couldn't get through.‎ 我试着给你打了好几次电话，但是没有打通。‎ ‎ confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的 ‎(教材P2)Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning，which can be confusing.‎ 有时候同一个单词的含义有微小的差别，这让人很困惑。‎ ‎(1)confuse vt.　　　　　 使困惑；使难以理解 confuse...with... 把……与……混淆 ‎(2)confused adj. 困惑的；迷惑不解的 be confused about... 对……迷惑不解 ‎(3)confusion n. 困惑；混淆 in confusion 困惑地；乱七八糟 ‎①I'm sorry I don't know you.Maybe you confuse me with someone else.‎ 对不起，我不认识你，或许你把我和别人弄混了。‎ ‎②All your changes of plan have made me totally confused(confuse)．‎ 你把计划改来改去，都把我搞糊涂了。‎ ‎③She was very angry with her husband because he made their rooms in confusion.‎ 她非常生她丈夫的气，因为他把房间弄得乱七八糟。‎ ‎[语境助记]　‎ They confused me by asking so many confusing questions.I was totally confused，standing there in confusion，not knowing what to do.‎ 他们提了如此多令人费解的问题，把我难住了，我完全困惑了，茫然地站在那里，全然不知所措。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ v．ing形式的形容词表示“事物”的性质和特征，意为“……的；令人……的”；v.ed形式的形容词往往表示“人”所处的状态，常用来描述人，意为“感到……的”。 另外，修饰face，look，expression，voice等时，常用v.ed形式的形容词。‎ ‎ compare vt.比较；比作　n．比较 ‎(教材P2)Prepositions，too，can be different：compare on the team，on the weekend(American) with in the team，at the weekend(British)．‎ 介词的用法也有所不同：比较一下on the team，on the weekend(美式) 和in the team，at the weekend(英式)。‎ ‎(1)compare...with...　　　 把……和……相比较 compare...to... 把……比作……‎ compared to/with... 和……相比(通常作状语)‎ ‎(2)beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双 ‎(3)comparison n. 比较 ‎①Don't compare your strength with others' weakness，which is meaningless.‎ 不要拿你的强项和别人的弱项相比，那是没有意义的。‎ ‎②Shakespeare compares the world to a stage in his works.‎ 莎士比亚在他的作品中把这个世界比作舞台。‎ ‎③Compared(compare) with/to our small flat，Bill's house seemed like a palace.‎ 和我们的小公寓相比，比尔的房子就像是一座宫殿。‎ ‎ differ vi.不同，有区别 ‎(教材P2)The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.‎ 这两种英语的另外两个方面的区别是拼写和发音。‎ ‎(1)differ from　　　　　　　与……不同 differ in 在……方面不同 differ with/from sb.on/about/over sth.‎ ‎ 在某事上与某人意见不同 ‎(2)different adj. 不同的；相异的 be different from...in... 在……方面与……不同 ‎①Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.‎ ‎＝Things in the world are different from each other in a thousand ways.‎ 世界上的事物是千差万别的。‎ ‎②People differ from one another in their ability to deal with stress.‎ 在应对压力方面人们各不相同。‎ ‎③We differ with/from your opinion on/about/over that point.‎ 在那个问题上我们和你的意见不一致。‎ ‎ have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 ‎(教材P2)A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.‎ 伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。‎ have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.　做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble/problems with sth.‎ ‎ 在某方面有困难 There is difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.‎ ‎ 做某事有困难 ‎①Because of your coming，I think there is no difficulty (in) finishing the task on time.‎ 由于你的到来，我想按时完成这项任务没有困难了。‎ ‎②I have much difficulty with maths and I am worried about it.‎ 我在数学上有很大的困难，我对此感到很担心。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ 高考中，常将have difficulty doing sth.句式中的difficulty提前作先行词，因此定语从句中have后常为 doing形式。‎ ‎③You can't imagine what great difficulty we have ever had dealing(deal) with the problems.‎ 你想象不到我们处理这些问题时所遇到的困难。‎ ‎ lead to引起，导致；通向(to为介词)‎ ‎(教材P3)But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into ‎ British English，so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.‎ 但这也导致了大量美式英语单词和结构进入英式英语中，以至于现在有一些人认为英式英语将会消失。‎ ‎(1)lead sb.to ＋sp.　　　 带领某人到某地 lead to sb./sth.doing sth. 使得某人/某物做某事 lead sb.to do sth. 使某人做某事 ‎(2)lead a．..life 过着……的生活 lead the way 带头，先行 ‎①The path will lead you to the railway station.‎ 你走这条路可以到火车站。‎ ‎②I want to know what led you to take(take) up acting as a career.‎ 我想知道是什么让你将演艺作为事业的。‎ ‎③The new evidence led to the high official being arrested(arrest)．‎ 新的证据使得这位高官被逮捕。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ 除lead to外，常见的表示“引起，导致”的词汇还有：cause，result in，bring about等。‎ ‎ (教材P2)Americans use a flashlight，while for the British，it's a torch.‎ 美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人却叫它torch。‎ ‎ 【要点提炼】　此句中while用作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而，却”。‎ ‎(1)while作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，while从句中常用延续性动词。‎ ‎(2)while作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，相当于although，此时while从句一般位于句首。‎ ‎①While he was reading the newspaper，he heard someone knocking at the door.‎ 当他读报纸的时候，听到有人敲门。‎ ‎②While/Although/Though we are not rich，we are still willing to help the people in trouble.虽然我们并不富裕，我们仍然愿意帮助处于困境中的人。‎ ‎ (教材P3)This nonstop communication，the experts think，has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.‎ 专家们认为，这样不间断的交流使英国人和美国人彼此理解起来更加容易。‎ ‎【要点提炼】　“made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other”是“make＋宾语＋宾补”的结构，其中it为形式宾语。‎ ‎(1)当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有：‎ make＋it＋adj./n.＋(for sb.) to do sth.‎ make＋it＋adj./n.＋that...‎ ‎(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find，feel等。‎ ‎①Wherever he is，he makes it a rule to give his mother a call every day.‎ 无论他在哪里，他习惯每天给妈妈打个电话。‎ ‎②He found it very important for students to learn(learn) English well.‎ 他发现对于学生来说学好英语很重要。‎ ‎③We thought it wrong that the child should be left alone in the house.‎ 我们认为把孩子独自一个人留在家里是不对的。‎ ‎(教材P2)When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language，he was obviously thinking about the differences.‎ ‎【分析】　本句为主从复合句，主句为he was obviously thinking about the differences，when引导时间状语从句，其中含有that引导的同位语从句，过去分词短语divided by a common language作后置定语，修饰nations。‎ ‎【翻译】　当爱尔兰作家乔治·萧伯纳说“英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个民族”这句名言的时候，他显然想到了它们之间的区别。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Comparing(compare) this car with that one，you will find clear differences.‎ ‎2．Buses，trains and planes make it convenient for people to get around.‎ ‎3．Obviously(obvious) she is very clever because she can work out such a difficult ‎ problem.‎ ‎4．Generally speaking，the music of one country has quite a lot in common with its culture.‎ ‎5．If you come to visit China，you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety(vary)．‎ ‎6．Don't make remarks on/about what you don't know，or you'll be laughed at.‎ ‎7．I don't think it possible to master(master) a foreign language without much memory work.‎ ‎8．Leaves are found on all kinds of trees，but they differ greatly in size and shape.‎ ‎9．With the boy leading(lead) the way，we had no difficulty finding(find) the village.‎ ‎10．What the little boy said was so confusing that we felt confused and looked at each other in confusion.(confuse)‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)‎ ‎1．He was standing there with a confusing look on his face.confusing→confused ‎2．I quite agree to your opinion that everyone can make difference to society.difference前加a ‎3．Much to our joy，his health is getting steady better with time going on.steady→steadily ‎4．I had a lot of difficulties climbing to the mountain top.difficulties→difficulty ‎5．The news was soon got around that several people had been arrested for selling drugs.去掉was Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．与西方人相比，东方人更注重家庭。‎ Compared to/with the Westerners，people in the East place much importance on family.(compare)‎ ‎2．微信使人们与他人保持联系更容易了。‎ WeChat makes it easier for people to keep in touch with others.(make it...)‎ ‎3．专家们正在努力地弄清楚青少年和父母交流有困难的原因。‎ The experts are trying to find out the reason why many teenagers have difficulty in communicating with their parents.(have difficulty in)‎ ‎4．据我所知，是由于醉驾造成的车祸使他丧生的。‎ As far as I know，it was the car accident due to drunk driving that led to him/his being killed.(lead to)‎ ‎5．许多农村人开始到大城市里工作和生活，然而许多城里人却来农村享受宁静的生活。‎ Many country people are beginning to work and live in big cities，while many city people are coming to the countryside for a quiet life.(while)‎