重庆强基联合体2021届高三上学期12月质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析

重庆强基联合体2021届高三上学期12月质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析

重庆强基联合体高三（上）质量检测 英语试题 考生注意： 1、本试卷满分：150 分，考试时长：120 分钟，试卷页数：10 页。 2、考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。必须在题号所指示的答题区作答，超 出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 3、做选择题时，考生须按照题目要求作答，并用 2B 铅笔在答题卡上把所选题 目的题号涂黑。 4、本试卷分：一、听力部分（30 分）；二、阅读理解（50 分）；三、语言运用 （30 分）；四、写作（40 分）。 5、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填涂在答题卡指定的位置。 第 I 卷 选择题部分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选 项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟 的 时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man looking at? A. A pot. B. A painting. C. A photograph. 2. What will the woman do next? A. Call a taxi. B. Get a guitar. C. Go to another counter. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Manager and employee. B. Salesman and customer. C. Doctor and patient. 4. Where are the speakers? A. In a stadium. B. In their home. C. In a theater. 5. Why couldn’t the woman find her wallet? A. It was in the car. B. It was covered by some clothes. C. It was under some books. 第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What makes Josh feel bad right now? A. Bread. B. A mushroom dish. C. Hot peppers. 7. How does the woman probably feel in the end? A. Angry. B. Excited. C. Pleased. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. Where did the man find out about the ad? A. From the newspaper. B. From the Internet. C. From a radio station. 9. What does the man want to buy at first? A. A sofa. B. A computer. C. A washing machine. 10. Why does the woman want to sell the TV? A. It is too old. B. It doesn’t work. C. She won a new one. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. Who is the girl speaking to? A. Her brother. B. A swimming teacher. C. A receptionist at the pool center. 12. When does the conversation take place? A. In June. B. In July. C. In September. 13. What is the girl’s main goal? A. To become a good swimmer. B. To swim with her brother and sister. C. To celebrate the first day of summer. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. Who is the man buying the postcard for? A. Himself. B. His sister. C. His girlfriend. 15. Where does the conversation take place? A. In London. B. In Paris. C. In Venice. 16. Where can the man see the prices of the masks? A. In the middle of each mask. B. On the back of each mask. C. On the wall behind him. 17. What does the woman tell the man? A. The masks are very expensive. B. The glass plates have been sent out. C. They have a lot of chocolate to choose from. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. Why were no people injured? A. The buildings weren’t damaged. B. The people escaped the buildings. C. The earthquake hit the countryside. 19. How large is the disaster area? A. Twenty miles. B. Fifty miles. C. One hundred miles. 20. Which advice does the speaker give? A. Contacting people you know. B. Taking cover in buildings. C. Paying attention to small quakes. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A，B，C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A 1. Where does the information come from? A. An advertisement in a newspaper. B. A notice in the window of an estate agent. C. A college notice board. D. A guidebook for travelers. 2. What can be learned from B? A. The student must have had experience of child care B. The student would have no free time C. The student must be a member of a large family D. The student would be able to live for free 3. Which of the followings is TRUE? A. A student anxious to make new friends likes A. B. No furniture can be used in D. C. The electricity fee in C is not included in the rent. D. Students in D can use the garden for parties at midnight. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 【解析】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四则出租宿舍房间的广告信息。 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。根据广告最后部分“ Contact: Joan Benson, student accommodation officer.(联系 人：琼·本森，学生住宿管理员。)”从学生住宿管理人员，从而推断这些信息应该出现在 大学校园布告栏。故选 C。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 B 中的“rent-free,(免租金)”可知，学生可以免费住。故选 D。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 C 中的“$ 70 each weekly, excluding gas/electricity. (每星期七十美元，不 包括煤气费/电费。)”可知，电费不包含在租金中。故选 C。 B One spring, my aunt taught my sister, Lucy, and me how to fly the kite. After trying in vain to make the kite fly by dragging it along the ground, I turned to my sister for help. Lucy very kindly took it up and tossed it into the air, but the kite fell down again due to my neglecting to run off at the same time. My aunt asked us to try again. Lucy once more took up the kite. However, I, who was in too great a hurry, ran off so suddenly that I pulled the kite out of her hand and it fell down to the ground again. “Who was to blame now?” asked Lucy, dropping herself to the ground in anger. My aunt didn’t say anything and demanded another attempt. We did it with more care this time. Unfortunately, a sudden side wind was coming, Lucy let go the kite, which was blown against some bushes, leaving the poor kite hanging with its head downward. My aunt came to our rescue and rolling up the tail from the tree, my aunt led us to find a more open space to try again. Lucy tossed the kite up just as I ran off. It rose up and danced unsteadily in the air for a few seconds and then down came the kite to the ground like a frustrated lonely boy. “A few disappointments ought not to discourage you. I have wound up your string and now try again” my aunt said patiently. And we did try and succeed. The kite was carrying upward on the breeze like a merry feather. Holding fast to the stick and gazing on the kite, Lucy and I stood in great delight and excitement. If my aunt hadn’t persuaded us to try again, we would have given up flying the kite. It was after this unforgettable experience that I began to appreciate the value of perseverance. Whenever I fail in my attempts to do any good thing, I let my motto be ‘try again’. 4. How many times did Lucy and I try flying the kite together? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 5. What does the underlined word “tossed” in the second paragraph mean? A. Passed. B. Threw. C. Kicked. D. Pushed. 6. Which of the following is not mentioned in the text in terms of flying a kite successfully? A. The favorable weather. B. The spirit of never giving up. C. The more open space. D. The way of communication. 7. What’s the author’s main purpose of writing this article? A. To share his disappointing experience. B. To encourage people not to give up. C. To introduce his nice and patient aunt. D. To describe hardship in learning to fly the kite. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B 【解析】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者和 Lucy 多次尝试放飞风筝失败，后来姑妈鼓励她们坚持不 放弃，最后放飞成功。作者从中体会到坚持的重要性。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“After trying in vain to make the kite fly by dragging it along the ground, I turned to my sister for help. Lucy very kindly took it up and tossed it into the air, but the kite fell down again due to my neglecting to run off at the same time. My aunt asked us to try again. Lucy once more took up the kite. However, I, who was in too great a hurry, ran off so suddenly that I pulled the kite out of her hand and it fell down to the ground again.”（我在地上拖 着风筝，徒劳地想让它飞起来，于是向 Lucy 求助。Lucy 好心地把它捡起来，抛向空中，但 是风筝又掉了下来，因为我没有同时跑掉。我姑妈让我们再试一次。Lucy 再一次拿起风筝。 然而，我太匆忙了，突然跑开了，我把风筝从她手里拽了出来，风筝又掉到了地上。）以及 第三段“My aunt didn’t say anything and demanded another attempt. We did it with more care this time. Unfortunately, a sudden side wind was coming, Lucy let go the kite, which was blown against some bushes, leaving the poor kite hanging with its head downward. My aunt came to our rescue and rolling up the tail from the tree, my aunt led us to find a more open space to try again. ”（我姑妈什么也没说，让我们再试一次。这次我们更在乎。不幸的是，一股风从 侧面突然吹来，Lucy 放开了风筝，风筝被风吹到了灌木丛上，可怜的风筝头朝下挂着。姑 妈来救我们，把风筝的尾巴从树上卷起，领着我们找了个比较开阔的地方再试一次。）可知， 作者和 Lucy 共试飞了五次风筝。故选 C。 【5 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后的词“...into the air”，以及根据生活常识，放风筝应该是将风 筝抛向空中，才能让风筝飞起来。由此可以猜测 toss 意思为“抛，投”。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。文章第三段中提到“Unfortunately, a sudden side wind was coming, Lucy let go the kite, which was blown against some bushes, leaving the poor kite hanging with its head downward. My aunt came to our rescue and rolling up the tail from the tree, my aunt led us to find a more open space to try again. ”（不幸的是，一股风从侧面突然吹来，Lucy 放开了风筝，风 筝被风吹到了灌木丛上，可怜的风筝头朝下挂着。姑妈来救我们，把风筝的尾巴从树上卷起， 领着我们找了个比较开阔的地方再试一次）可知，作者因为放风筝时遇到突然刮起的侧风而 放飞失败，后来姑妈又带她们到了一个开阔的地带放飞。由此可知，有利的天气、更开阔的 地带有利于风筝放飞；文章第五段中提到“I began to appreciate the value of perseverance ”（我开始体会到坚持不懈的价值），由此可知，作者意识到坚持不放弃在成功放风筝中的 重要性。而文章没有提到沟通对于放飞风筝成功的作用。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，文章前面三段讲述作者多次放飞风筝失败，第四段讲述后来在姑妈 的鼓励下，坚持不放弃，最后成功。文章最后一段中提到“It was after this unforgettable experience that I began to appreciate the value of perseverance. Whenever I fail in my attempts to do any good thing, I let my motto be ‘try again’. （就是在这段难忘的经 历之后，我开始体会到坚持的重要性。每当我尝试做一件好事失败时，我的座右铭是‘再试 一次’ ）。”由此可以推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们不要放弃。故选 B。 C Be black or white, the exact color of a person’s skin is determined by a combination of his parentage and random chance and it affects how every single person treats you. You can’t take your skin off, even if you’re terrified or ashamed to wear it, even if you’re sick and tired of wearing it. Freddie Gray, who was arrested in 2016 for possessing a legal knife and died in police custody(拘留), was born Black. Tamir Rice , who barely lived more than one being Black, was shot at the age of 12 for playing with a toy gun in 2014. Breonna Taylor, who was shot and killed in March when two plainclothes police officers entered her apartment unannounced, didn’t choose to be Black. But the police officers who shot her chose their careers. They chose to shoot her, too. Police across America also chose to shoot 336 other unarmed Black people from 2013-2019. Each of these victims did not possess a weapon at the time of their murder, and in all but few of the cases they lost their lives because someone "thought" they were reaching for a gun that turned out to be a wallet, cell phone or nothing at all. This is absolutely unacceptable. We're not saying they shouldn't have been captured with all necessary force and imprisoned accordingly. A criminal is a criminal and should be handled as such. But even a criminal, as long as he lives in this great country, is an American worthy of justified handling and a fair trial. Black people don’t get to sign up for lives of discrimination and terror. They often found themselves moving through wave upon wave of white faces that usually mirrored the same emotions—shock, disbelief and anger. It is the fear of black skin that plays a part in each of these murders. African Americans can no longer tolerate the unjustified killings of their loved ones. As a country, it’s time to start effective dialogues to end this pitiless trend. It has to be a long struggle and pain before Black people overcome prejudice to win the chance of being understood by white ones. 8. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning the murders in Paragraph 2? A. To provide examples of unjustified killings of Black people. B. To give an explanation why police officers choose to shoot black people. C. To offer a description of Police officers’ hatred towards black people. D. To make an analysis of how hard lives black people were living. 9. What is the author’s attitude towards the killings mentioned in the text？ A. Forgiving. B. Cautious. C. Disapproving. D. Indifferent. 10. What can we infer from the text? A. The process of overcoming prejudice towards the black is on its way. B. Black people are ashamed to wear their skin color which leads to injustice. C. Black people will turn to violence to stop the unjustified killings among them. D. The police should have chosen a proper way to treat black “criminals”. 11. What is the best title of the text? A. Prejudice from Whites B. Blacks Call for Justice C. Policemen’s Fair Trial D. Fight for Mutual Trust 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了美国黑人的生活状况，遭到白人无端的歧视和白人警察无理的 枪杀，美国的黑人不愿接受歧视和恐怖的生活，呼吁社会的公正。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Freddie Gray, who was arrested in 2016 for possessing a legal knife and died in police custody(拘留), was born Black. Tamir Rice , who barely lived more than one being Black, was shot at the age of 12 for playing with a toy gun in 2014. Breonna Taylor, who was shot and killed in March when two plainclothes police officers entered her apartment unannounced, didn’t choose to be Black. But the police officers who shot her chose their careers. They chose to shoot her, too. Police across America also chose to shoot 336 other unarmed Black people from 2013-2019.可知，弗雷迪·格雷于 2016 年因持有合法刀具被捕，并在警方拘留 期间死亡。他是黑人。2014 年，12 岁的塔米尔·赖斯因为玩玩具枪而被枪击。布若娜·泰 勒今年 3 月在两名便衣警察未经通知进入她的公寓时被枪杀，她并没有选择要成为黑人。但 射杀她的警察忠于职守。他们也选择了射杀她。2013-2019 年，全美各地的警察还射杀了另 外 336 名手无寸铁的黑人。由此判断出，第二段中提到谋杀案的目的是提供无理杀害黑人的 例子。故选 A 项。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Each of these victims did not possess a weapon at the time of their murder, and in all but few of the cases they lost their lives because someone "thought" they were reaching for a gun that turned out to be a wallet, cell phone or nothing at all. This is absolutely unacceptable.”可知，这些受害者在遇害时都没有武器，除了极少数案件外，他们都是因为 有人“以为”他们伸手去拿枪，结果却是钱包、手机或什么都没拿，所以才丧命的。这是绝 对不能接受的。由此判断出，作者对文中提到的杀戮持反对的态度。故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“We're not saying they shouldn't have been captured with all necessary force and imprisoned accordingly. A criminal is a criminal and should be handled as such.”可知， 我们并不是说不应该采取一切必要的手段逮捕他们，并相应地关押他们。罪犯就是罪犯，应 该按罪犯处理。由此判断出，警察应该选择一种正确的方式来对待黑人“罪犯”。故选 D 项。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。短文介绍了美国黑人的生活状况，遭到白人无端的歧视和白人警察毫无理的枪 杀，美国的黑人不接受歧视和恐怖的生活，呼吁社会的公正。所以短文的最佳标题为“黑人 呼吁公正”。故选 B。 D As a “major” at university, philosophy may not be so popular nowadays, for it seems to be too abstract, remote and impractical, unlike subjects such as computing, finance, accounting and so on. Fundamentally speaking, the word “philosophy”，originated from the Greek Φιλοσοφία meaning “love of wisdom”, originally included all kinds of knowledge. In that world dominated by supernatural gods, philosophers and scientists were the same, and their wisdom was started by asking questions. They believed that everything in the world is composed of air and attempted to examine the air and the sun --- these quests developed their wisdom. The relations between man and the world may be divided into three categories, namely the relationships between man and nature, man and society and within the human self, which are studied separately by the natural sciences, such as physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology; social sciences, such as sociology, economics, politics, law, ethics; and sciences of thinking, such as brain science, neuroscience(神经学), psychology, logic. Philosophy, however, is none of these branches of learning but their abstraction and generalization. The benefits of studying philosophy may be realized as follows: First, it assists people to properly adjust the relations between nature, society and the self, becoming fully aware of where they stand macrocosmically(宏观地)and microcosmically. Second, it makes people think more systematically, combining various “separated materials”. Essentially, philosophy is the study of thinking, analyzing issues from different angles before anything can be taken in. Special attention is paid to strict reflection during every stage of thinking and this process itself is included as part of its study, so as to form a pattern of clear critical thinking. Third, philosophy can also shape one’s character. Difficult thinking, reasoning and summarizing result in people becoming firmer and more persistent in a deep sense. Since philosophy is finally about living, it leads to an appreciation of meaningful life through perfecting personality. In a sense, philosophy is in fact widely applicable and has been studied and acquired by experts of natural and social sciences and many philosophers, both at home and abroad, who have become celebrities either in their specialist fields of study or in their switched professions as generalists. Therefore, philosophy is not abstract, nor remote, but of profound use. 12. How is the second paragraph mainly developed? A. By classification. B. By time. C. By definition. D. By comparison. 13. Which is NOT one of the relations between man and the world? A. to understand nature. B. to understand humans. C. to understand logic. D. to understand society. 14. What benefit can people get from learning philosophy? A. People can become fully aware of the standing place on the earth. B. People can become firmer and seldom change their ideas. C. People will have a simple understanding of the life through appreciation. D. People will form an opinion after viewing a matter from different aspects. 15. What can be learned about philosophy? A. It is remote from people’s life and has no profound use. B. It is filled with wisdom and was established by supernatural gods. C. It is widely obtained and used by many natural and social experts. D. It is one of the branches of the natural sciences. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文，讲述了哲学这一学科的起源以及学习哲学所带来的好处。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“Fundamentally speaking, the word “philosophy”， originated from the Greek Φιλοσοφία meaning “love of wisdom”, originally included all kinds of knowledge.(从根本上讲，“哲学”一词源于希腊语Φιλοσοφία，意为“爱智慧”，最初包含 了各种知识)”可知本段第一句就从哲学一词的起源入手，介绍了哲学的本意就是“爱智 慧 ” 。 本 段 最 后 一 句 “They believed that everything in the world is composed of air and attempted to examine the air and the sun --- these quests developed their wisdom(他们相信世界 上的一切都是由空气组成的，并试图研究空气和太阳——这些探索发展了他们的智慧)”则 讲述了哲学可以帮助人类发展智慧。由此可知，本段是围绕着哲学的定义“智慧”所展开的。 故此题选 C。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三自然段“The relations between man and the world may be divided into three categories, namely the relationships between man and nature, man and society and within the human self(人与世界的关系可以分为三类，即人与自然、人与社会、人与人自身的关系)” 可知，人与自然的关系就是人与自然、社会以及人本身之间的关系。C 项“to understand logic(理解逻辑)”未被提及。故此题选 C。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Second, it makes people think more systematically, combining various "separated materials". Essentially, philosophy is the study of thinking, analyzing issues from different angles before anything can be taken in.(第二，它将各种“分离的材料”结合起 来，使人们的思维更加系统化。从本质上讲，哲学是一门研究思维的学科，在任何事情被理 解之前，从不同的角度分析问题)”可知，哲学能够让人们的思维变得系统化，并且从不同 角度来看待和分析问题。故此题选 D。 【15 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“In a sense, philosophy is in fact widely applicable and has been studied and acquired by experts of natural and social sciences and many philosophers, both at home and abroad (从某种意义上说，哲学事实上是广泛适用的，目前已经被国内外自然科学 和社会科学专家以及许多哲学家研究和习得)”可知哲学已经被许多自然和社会专家广泛获 得和使用了。故此题选 C。 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 You wear your mask to minimize your risk of Covid-19. But as you walk in a supermarket, you approach someone who looks familiar. To avoid an awkward exchange, you flash them a friendly smile. It's not until you pass that you remember: Your smile was hidden behind a mask. ___16___ But you can adjust and enhance your communication by focusing on some of the other pieces that aren't hidden behind a mask. Do remember the face isn't totally covered. Happiness, sadness, fear and surprise can be communicated through facial expressions alone. But when part of the face is masked, it becomes more difficult to recognize them. ___17___ If you want to increase understanding with a masked individual, you should look them in the eyes. Bear in mind, eye contact can also make you appear more intelligent and trustworthy. We communicate through body language. Learning how people use their bodies to convey emotion may help reduce the uncertainty you feel when communicating with someone in a mask. ___18___ When engaged in a conversation, you can appear more attentive by turning your body toward the individual. ___19___ It's not just what you say but how you say it that matters. Along with the actual words, you also use volume, tone and pauses to convey your message. For instance, a lower-pitched whisper may denote sadness or insecurity, whereas a higher-pitched shout could show anger or intensity. Chances are that anyone listening to you could easily identify your emotions without even seeing you. If you feel the need to speak louder, just be aware that raising your voice can alter the message you are trying to send. Changing the tone of your voice can change the whole conversation. ___20___ A. Become aware of your own body language, too. B. So instead of increasing volume, try talking clearly. C. Without question, masks have disturbed social communication. D. Wearing a mask makes you feel more distracted and self-conscious. E. Fortunately, you can regain some control over communication by working with the eyes. F. Facial expressions are the primary way people exhibit emotion. G. Don't forget the impact of your voice. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. B 【解析】 本文是议论文。文章谈论了在为了减少患冠状病毒疾病的风险而戴上口罩的时候，应该怎样 努力做好社会交往。 【16 题详解】 上文“You wear your mask to minimize your risk of Covid-19. But as you walk in a supermarket, you approach someone who looks familiar. To avoid an awkward exchange, you flash them a friendly smile. It's not until you pass that you remember: Your smile was hidden behind a mask. （你戴上口罩是为了尽量减少患新冠病毒疾病的风险。但当你走进超市时，你会走近一个看 起来很眼熟的人。为了避免尴尬的交流，你给他们一个友好的微笑。直到你通过时，你才想 起：你的笑容藏在口罩后面。）”说明了当你戴上口罩和熟人交往时，发现交往已不正常， 你的微笑藏在了口罩后面。选项 C“毫无疑问，口罩扰乱了社会交往。”承接上文，是对上 文的概括定论。下文的转折，说明在这种被扰乱的社会交往中怎样调整加强交流。故选 C 项。 【17 题详解】 下文“If you want to increase understanding with a masked individual, you should look them in the eyes.（如果你想增加与戴口罩的人的了解，你应该看着他们的眼睛。）”说明要和戴口罩 的人交流，应该看他们的眼睛。选项 E“幸运的是，你可以通过眼睛来重新控制交流。”引出 下文，说明你可以通过眼睛来重新控制交流。选项中by working with the eyes 和下文look them in the eyes 语义一致。故选 E 项。 【18 题详解】 上文“We communicate through body language. Learning how people use their bodies to convey emotion may help reduce the uncertainty you feel when communicating with someone in a mask. （我们通过肢体语言交流。了解人们如何用身体传达情感，可能有助于减少与戴口罩的人交 流时的不确定感。）”说明在戴口罩或蒙面的时候，我们要靠肢体语言交流，选项 A“注意 你自己的肢体语言。”承接上文，继续论述肢体语言在交流中的重要性，引出下文“When engaged in a conversation, you can appear more attentive by turning your body toward the individual.（当你在谈话时，你可以把你的身体转向另一个人，从而显得更加专注）”。上文 中 body language 和选项中 your own body language 语义一致。故选 A 项。 【19 题详解】 下文“It's not just what you say but how you say it that matters. Along with the actual words, you also use volume, tone and pauses to convey your message.（重要的不只是你说什么，而是你怎 么说。除了实际的单词，你还可以使用音量、音调和停顿来传达你的信息。）”说明在交往 中，可以通过说话，来表达信息，选项 G“不要忘记你声音的影响力。”位于段首，也是说 明交往中声音的运用，是本段的主题，引领下文。选项中 your voice 和下文 say，volume, tone and pauses 等语义相关。故选 G 项。 【20 题详解】 上文“If you feel the need to speak louder, just be aware that raising your voice can alter the message you are trying to send. Changing the tone of your voice can change the whole conversation.（如果你觉得有必要大声说，只要意识到提高你的声音可以改变你试图传达的 信息。改变你的语调可以改变整个谈话。）”提高音量可以改变试图传达的信息，改变语调 可以改变整个谈话。选项 B“所以与其增加音量，不如试着清晰地说话。”位于段末，是对 上文的概括总结，上文中 raising your voice 和选项中 increasing volume 语义一致。故选 B 项。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 On a school day Greta’s teacher at her primary school showed her a video clip that turned her life upside down. The video was about ___21___ polar bears, extreme weather, and flooding. ___22___ , the entire class felt gloomy, but the class was over and the other kids were able to ___23___ . Greta couldn’t. She began to feel extremely alone. Her outrage over the ___24___ crisis is in relation to her having Asperger’s syndrome(阿斯 伯格综合症). “I see the world in black and white, and I don’t like ___25___ ,” said Greta. Usually, someone with Asperger’s syndrome hates crowds. However, Greta was the reason why those crowds ___26___ and millions took to the streets! At first Greta joined a group of climate activists who had ___27___ her after she wrote a newspaper article on the ___28___ of climate change in a local Swedish newspaper . She then started to distribute flyers throughout her school ___29___ the students to take part in the strike; she wrote on the flyers, “I am school-striking for the climate, and since adults don’t care about our ____30____ ---the life of following generations, I won’t care for my school work either.” The climate campaign ____31____ by Greta has become very popular and She was invited to talk about her cause at the 2019 World Economic Forum. Greta ____32____ world leaders at last year's climate summit of failing to tackle climate change. “You only speak of a green eternal economic growth because you are too scared of being ____33____ . You only talk about moving forward with the same bad ideas that got us into this ____34____ . Even when the only ____35____ thing to do is pull the emergency brake. 21. A. starving B. sleeping C. threatening D. surviving 22. A. Meanwhile B. Constantly C. finally D. Afterwards 23. A. hang on B. hold on C. move on D. talk on 24. A. nature B. weather C. climate D. earth 25. A. cheating B. mixing C. judging D. compromising 26. A. gathered B. cheered C. followed D. socialized 27. A. recognized B. contacted C. admired D. blamed 28. A. threats B. types C. benefits D. opportunities 29. A. forcing B. commanding C. inviting D. affecting 30. A. career B. health C. dream D. future 31. A. launched B. invented C. founded D. inspired 32. A. warned B. accused C. informed D. cleared 33. A. illegal B. illogical C. unpopular D. incredible 34. A. fight B. mood C. disaster D. mess 35. A. productive B. sensible C. considerable D. creative 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了学生 Greta 为阻止气候变化威胁呼吁奔走的故事。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：视频讲的是饥饿的北极熊，极端天气和洪水。A. starving 挨饿 的；B. sleeping 睡着的；C. threatening 胁迫的；D. surviving 继续存在的。根据后文“extreme weather, and flooding”及后文其他内容可知，此处并列短语是极端天气带来的地球灾难威 胁，对北极熊所带来的灾难就是没有食物，所以应该是“挨饿的”。故选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：之后，整个班级都感到沮丧，但是课程结束了，其他的孩子都可 以继续上课了。A. Meanwhile 以此同时；B. Constantly 连续地；C. finally 最后；D. Afterwards 后来。根据后文“the entire class felt gloomy, but the class was over”可知，这些事情应该发生 在观看视频之后。故选 D 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：之后，整个班级都感到沮丧，但是课程结束了，其他的孩子 恢复了正常情绪。A. hang on 等一下；B. hold on 坚持，抓着……不放；C. move on 继续移动； D. talk on 谈论。根据后文“Greta couldn’t. She began to feel extremely alone.”可知，其他同 学与她相反，他们观看视频时也很沮丧，但之后恢复了正常情绪。故选 C 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对气候危机的愤怒，与她患有阿斯伯格综合症有关。A. nature 自然；B. weather 天气；C. climate 气候；D. earth 地球。根据第三段“At first Greta joined a group of climate activists who had ___7___ her after she wrote a newspaper article on the ___8___ of climate change in a local Swedish newspaper .”以及后文所述可知，此处所指是“气候”。故 选 C 项。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。Greta 说: “我看世界是黑白分明的，我不喜欢妥协。” A. cheating 欺骗； B. mixing 混合；C. judging 判断；D. compromising 妥协，和解，折中。根据前文“I see the world in black and white”可知，Greta 爱憎分明，不喜欢妥协。故选 D 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，正是因为 Greta，人们才聚集起来，数百万人走上街头！ A. gathered 集合，聚集；B. cheered 欢呼；C. followed 跟随；D. socialized 参加社会活动。根据 后文“millions took to the streets”，可知。此处指人们“聚集”起来。故选 A 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：起初，Greta 加入了一个气候活动家组织，这个组织在她为当地 一家瑞典报纸写了一篇关于气候变化威胁的文章之后联系了她。根据前文 A. recognized 再 认；B. contacted 联系；C. admired 钦佩；D. blamed 责备。根据前文“At first Greta joined a group of climate activists”以及空格前的助动词 had，可知，气候活动家组织联系了她之后，她加 入了组织。故选 B 项。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，Greta 加入了一个气候活动家组织，这个组织在她为当地 一家瑞典报纸写了一篇关于气候变化威胁的文章之后联系了她。A. threats 威胁；B. types 类 型；C. benefits 利益；D. opportunities 机会。根据文章第一段内容可知，她对气候变化威胁 非常关注。故选 A 项。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。然后她开始在学校各处散发传单，邀请学生参加罢课；A. forcing 强迫； B. commanding 征用；C. inviting 邀请；D. affecting 影响。根据常识，组织者组织罢课，不 可能“强迫，征用，影响”学生参加，可以“邀请”学生参加。故选 C 项。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在传单上写道，“我在为学校的气候而罢课，因为成年人不关 心我们的未来——后代的生活，我也不关心我的学业。”A. career 职业，事业；B. health 健 康；C. dream 梦想；D. future 未来。根据后文“the life of following generations”可知，此处 应指“未来”。故选 D 项。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Greta 发起的气候运动变得非常受欢迎，她被邀请在 2019 年世界 经济论坛上谈论她的事业。A. launched 发射，发动；B. invented 发明；C. founded 建设，建 立；D. inspired 激励。根据前文“The climate campaign”可知，此处指 Greta“发动”地气候 运动。故选 A 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Greta 在去年的气候峰会上指责各国领导人未能解决气候变化问 题。A. warned 警告；B. accused 指责，控告；C. informed 通知；D. cleared 澄清。根据后文 动 作 对 象 和 内 容 “world leaders at last year's climate summit of failing to tackle climate change”，以及 Greta 的身份可知，此处应指“指责；控告”。故选 B 项。 【33 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你之所以谈论绿色经济的永久增长，是因为你太害怕自己不受 欢迎。A. illegal 不合法的；B. illogical 不合逻辑的；C. unpopular 不受欢迎的；D. incredible 难以置信的。Greta 是在批评各国领导人，指各国领导人去参加气候峰会，谈论绿色经济永 久增长，是为了受到欢迎，而不是真正的处理气候危机，所以只有 C 项符合题意。故选 C 项。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你只是说要带着那些，让我们陷入困境的坏主意继续前进。A. fight 战斗；B. mood 情绪；C. disaster 灾难；D. mess 困境，混乱。根据前文“with the same bad ideas” 可知，此处指由于领导人的坏主意让我们陷入这种气候危机的困境，气候危机是“困境”， 不是“灾难”其它选项如“战斗、情绪”均不合题意。故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即便这个时候，唯一理智的做法就是拉紧急刹车。A. productive 多产的，能产的；B. sensible 理智的；C. considerable 相当多的；D. creative 有创意的。根据 后文“pull the emergency brake”，可知是 Greta 提出了解决气候危机的办法，所以此处指 “理智的做法”故选 B 项。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题部分 注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节 短文填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Argentina Football Association confirmed Maradona's death on Wednesday and expressed the deepest sorrow for the ___36___ (lose) of the country’s legend. ___37___ ( regard) as the best player in the history of the game , Maradona became a household name after he ___38___ (lead) his country to World Cup glory in 1986. He took center stage at the tournament with a memorable performance against England where he scored an iconic(具有讽刺意义的) goal ___39___ was described as the "Hand of God". Later in ___40___ same match, he scored one of the best ___41___ (goal) in history after weaving his way past seven English defenders. Argentina's President announced three days of national mourning ___42___ (show) the sadness for the passing away of the superstar, and posted a tribute(悼念) to Maradona on Twitter. "You took us to the top of the world. You made us feel ___43___ (incredible) happy. You were the greatest of all. Thank you for having existed." Maradona will lie at Argentina's presidential palace where his fans will have the chance to say goodbye to their hero. Meanwhile, a minute's silence ___44___ (observe) ahead of all European matches this week ____45____ honor of him. 【答案】36. loss 37. Regarded 38. led 39. which/that 40. the 41. goals 42. to show 43. incredibly 44. will be observed 45. in 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了前阿根廷足球运动员马拉多纳生前的传奇事迹。他死后， 阿根廷宣布全国哀悼，为之纪念。 【36 题详解】 考查名词。句意：阿根廷足协在周三证实了马拉多纳的死讯，并对失去这位阿根廷传奇人物 表达了最深切的哀悼。根据前面 the 及后面介词 of，可知，此处应填名词，作 for 的宾语。 lose 为动词，对应的名词是 loss。故填 loss。 【37 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：马拉多纳被认为是足球史上最好的球员，在 1986 年带领他的国家 赢得世界杯后，他的名字家喻户晓。分析句子结构，became 为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语 动词作定语，Maradona 和 regard 为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。且该词位于句首，首字 母应该大写。故填 Regarded。 【38 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：马拉多纳被认为是足球史上最好的球员，在 1986 年带领他的国家赢 得世界杯后，他的名字家喻户晓。根据时间状语从句标志词 after 可知，此处应使用谓语动 词，且“带领”这个动作发生在过去，故应用动词一般过去式作谓语。lead 的一般过去式是 led。故填 led。 【39 题详解】 考查限制性定语从句引导词。句意：在对阵英格兰的比赛中，他以令人难忘的表现占据了中 心舞台，他打进了一个标志性的进球，这个进球被称为“上帝之手”。分析句子可知，该空 处缺少限制性定语从句连接词。先行词为 goal，指物，故定语从句引导词可使用关系代词 which 或 that，作从句的主语。故填 which/that。 【40 题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：随后在同一场比赛中，他迂回突破七名英格兰后卫，打入史上最好的进 球之一。根据句意及空处后面 same 可知，此处应填定冠词 the 特指，表示“同一......”。 故填 the。 【41 题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：随后在同一场比赛中，他迂回突破七名英格兰后卫，打入史上最好的 进球之一。根据前文 one of the best 可知，此处应填可数名词复数，表示“最好的...之一”。 goal 的复数是 goals。故填 goals。 【42 题详解】 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：阿根廷总统宣布为期三天的全国哀悼，以表达对这位超 级巨星逝世的哀悼，并在推特上向马拉多纳致敬。根据句意并分析句子结构，announced 为 谓语动词，该空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to show。 【43 题详解】 考查副词。句意：你让我们感到难以置信地快乐。分析句子结构可知，该空处应该副词修饰 形容词 happy。incredible 对应的副词是 incredibly。故填 incredibly。 【44 题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：与此同时，在本周所有欧洲比赛之前，为了纪念他，将默哀一 分钟。分析句子并根据 this week 可知，该空应填谓语动词的一般将来时。且主语 a minute’s silence 与动词 observe 之间是动宾关系，故应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填 will be observed。 【45 题详解】 考查介词和固定搭配。句意：与此同时，在本周所有欧洲比赛之前，为了纪念他，将默哀一 分钟。根据句意可知，该空应填介词引导目的状语。in honor of 为固定短语，意为“为纪 念......”。故填 in。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的朋友 Jerry 来信询问故宫六百年大展的情况，请你写一封回信： 要点：1.时间（9 月 10 日—11 月 15 日）及预约方式（官网上提前一周预约） 2.简要介绍故宫大展的内容（历史变迁，建筑理念及风格，书画珍宝等） 3.表达对展览的期待。 注意：1.词数为 80—100 字 2.可根据内容适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 【答案】Dear Jerry, Learning that you are interested in the exhibition of the Palace Museum in its 600th anniversary, I’m writing to tell you about it. The exhibition includes three topics: about the historical changes of the Palace Museum, about its architectural concepts and styles as well as the display of precious painting and calligraphy treasures. The exhibition is scheduled to last from September 10 to November 15. It is required that the visitors should book one week in advance on the official website. I am looking forward to the exhibition because it is a good chance to experience the charm of Chinese excellent traditional culture. Yours， Lihua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求给 Jerry 回信，介绍故宫六百年大展的情况。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 信件 时态： 一般现在时 结构：总分法 第一部分是文章的开头段，说明写信的原因；第二部分是支持段，介绍故宫大展的内容、时 间、预约方式；第三部分是结尾段，表达对展览的期待。 要求： 1. 说明写信的原因：告知 Jerry 故宫六百年大展的情况 2. 介绍故宫六百年大展的具体情况 ①内容：历史变迁，建筑理念及风格，书画珍宝等 ②时间：9 月 10 日至 11 月 15 日 ③预约方式：官网上提前一周预约 3. 表达对展览的期待 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） be interested in；the 600th anniversary；tell sb. about；the historical changes；architectural concepts and styles；display；precious painting and calligraphy treasures；be scheduled to；book tickets； experience；traditional culture 第三步：连词成句 (1)You are interested in the exhibition of the Palace Museum in its 600th anniversary. (2)I’m writing to tell you about it. (3)The exhibition includes three topics: about the historical changes of the Palace Museum, about its architectural concepts and styles as well as the display of precious painting and calligraphy treasures. (4)The exhibition is scheduled to last from September 10 to November 15. (5) The visitors should book tickets one week in advance on the official website. (6)I am looking forward to the exhibition. (7) It is a good chance to experience the charm of Chinese excellent traditional culture. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 1.表并列关系：as well as 2.表因果关系：because 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Learning that you are interested in the exhibition of the Palace Museum in its 600th anniversary, I’m writing to tell you about it.（现在分词作状语） [高分句型 2] It is required that the visitors should book one week in advance on the official website. （it 作形式主语的句式） 第二节 （满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two months ago, my friend Lisa, Harry and I, planned to do something adventurous, so we decided to explore a deep cave in the outskirt of our city with some food, water, torches and most importantly our cell phones. But things were not going well. We could not find any vehicle to drop us there. At long last, we managed to find a taxi which took us to the outskirt of the city. Another evidence of bad luck was that Harry had left his cell phone at home. After we got out of the taxi, some of the locals told us the way to the cave. The cave looked very attractive yet still mysterious: the cave was so dark, and the tiny sounds made by the insects and animals could be heard properly, pulling us into the cave with some unknown supernatural power. As we were moving forward we made marks on the rocks along our path to remind us of the exit of the cave. And we always kept our mobiles in switch on mode to contact each other in case we got separated and even worse, lost in the cave. As we were moving forward, Harry felt that somebody was following our footsteps but he left his intuition to a joke. When we reached in the deep of the cave, we lost our way and gradually the fog spread everywhere and we were not able to see each other properly. All of us got very scared of what was happening around us. Suddenly, we noticed that Harry was not with us and then we vaguely heard a shout from the depth of the cave and we thought it was Harry, so we started searching for him. But our torches were left no use in such thick fog. 续写词数应为 150 左右 Paragraph 1: So we groped our way towards the direction of the shout. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ Paragraph 2: After we reunited with Harry, we tried to find the way out. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ 【答案】So we groped our way towards the direction of the shout. Frightened as we were, we still made up our mind to search for Harry. Hardly can we see anything in the completely dark situation, so we had to feel our way to search Harry with all strength. Slowly and cautiously moving forward, we held our hands tightly in order not to be separated. With the voice approaching, we realized we would meet Harry immediately. Fortunately, when finding Harry sitting on the ground, we sighed with a relief. After we reunited with Harry, we tried to find the way out. Without hesitation, we decided to hunt for these marks which we had made before. “I get it!” Harry screamed. Looking up quickly, we found these clear marks easily. It was with the help of these marks that we quickly found the exit. When walking out of the cave, we knew we were saved. From this experience, what we learnt was that it was dangerous to explore the unknown word without a fully detailed plan. 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和小伙伴们一起去探索一个位于城市郊区的山洞。山洞里面 太黑又有雾，所以 Harry 和我们走散了。当听到 Harry 的呼救后，我们一起找到了 Harry， 最终逃离了山洞。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“所以我们摸索着朝着呼喊的方向走去。”可知，第一段可描写我们是 如何在山洞中寻找 Harry 的。 ②由第二段首句内容“我们和 Harry 重逢后，我们试图找到出路。”可知，第二段可描写我 们利用之前所做的记号逃离山洞的过程。 2.续写线索：听到声音——寻找 Harry——找到 Harry——寻找出口——逃离山洞——领悟感 受 3. 词类激活 行为类 ①寻找：hunt for/search for/ find ②大叫：scream/cry ③接近：approach/draw near 情感类 ①小心：cautious/ careful ②害怕：scared/ frightened 【点睛】[高分句型 1]. Frightened as we were, we still made up our mind to search for Harry.（运 用了 as 引导让步状语从句时的倒装结构） [高分句型 2]. Without hesitation, we decided to hunt for these marks which we had made before （运用了 which 引导的限制性定语从句） [高分句型 3]. It was with the help of these marks that we quickly found the exit.（运用了强调句 结构）