【英语】2019-2020学年二轮复习英语新考势突破检测：14　语法填空专练作业

【英语】2019-2020学年二轮复习英语新考势突破检测：14　语法填空专练作业

课时作业14　语法填空专练 ‎(建议用时　35分钟)‎ A ‎(2019年重庆市西南大学附属中学高三月考)‎ Three hundred years ago, Maohou or “hairy monkeys” quickly became much loved by the people in Beijing.How did people come up __1__ them?‎ The story __2__ (go) that the shopkeeper of a Chinese medicine shop often shouted at his employees.One evening an apprentice (学徒) was tidying up the ingredients (原料) __3__ (use) to make Chinese medicines in the shop.To kill time, he found__4__ (he) making a little figure out of the feathery flowers and the head and legs of a cicada's (蝉) skin.The apprentice showed it to his colleagues, __5__ (joke) that it looked like their badtempered boss.‎ The little thing quickly became such __6__ hit that they started making more figures.Thus, Beijing's unbelievable “hairy monkey” making came into __7__ (exist)．‎ Nowadays, “hairy monkeys” are far from the most popular children's gifts on the market in Beijing.Massproduced__8__ (toy) have obviously reduced the demand for handmade figures.But that's not to say that Maohou has __9__ (complete) died out.Walk among the sellers at today's temple fairs in Beijing, and you might still find a few places ‎ selling “hairy monkeys”， __10__ are without doubt one of the city's most amazing crafts.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：本文为说明文。文中介绍了深受北京人民喜欢的“毛猴”出现的历史。如今，“毛猴”远不是北京市场上最受欢迎的儿童礼物，北京最神奇的工艺品之一。‎ ‎1．with　考查固定搭配。句意：三百年前，“毛猴”很快受到北京人民的喜爱。人们是怎么想出的？come up with为固定搭配，意为“提出，想出”，因此本处填with。‎ ‎2．goes　考查固定用法。本句意为：故事说的一家中药店的店主经常对他的员工大喊大叫。The story goes that＋从句，为固定句式，意为“故事是说……”，因此本空填goes。‎ ‎3．used　考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：一天晚上，一个学徒正在整理店里用来做中药的原料。分析句子可知，句中的use是修饰名词the ingredients，原料是被用，二者是被动关系，故填 used 。‎ ‎4．himself　考查固定用法。find oneself doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“发现自己在做某事”，本句的主语是he，因此用himself，故填himself。‎ ‎5．joking　考查非谓语作状语。句意：这个学徒拿给他的同事看，开玩笑说看起来像他们脾气暴躁的老板。本句中的joke在句中作show动词的伴随状语，指的是在给别人看的同时，开玩笑说，学徒与joke二者是主动关系，故填joking。‎ ‎6．a　考查不定冠词。hit意为“轰动”，是可数名词，本处是指“一个轰动”，故填a。‎ ‎7．existence　考查固定搭配。句意：因此，令人难以置信的北京“毛茸茸的猴子”产生了。came into existence 为固定搭配，意为“形成，产生”，故填existence。‎ ‎8．toys　考查名词的复数。分析句子可知，本空要用名词的复数形式，意为大批量生产的玩具，数量有许多，要用复数，因此填toys。‎ ‎9．completely　考查副词形式。complete在句中修饰动词短语die out，修饰动词要用副词形式，故填completely。‎ ‎10．which　考查定语从句。句意：你仍然可以找到一些卖“毛猴”的地方，毫无疑问，毛猴是这个城市最神奇的工艺品之一。分析句子可知，本句中的先行词“hairy monkeys”，在定语从句中作主语，指物要用which，故填which。‎ B ‎(2019年山西省太原五中学期阶段性检测)‎ As we know, prolonged sitting has been linked to cancer, diabetes (糖尿病) and speeding up aging.However, standing for long periods of time might not be good __1__ you either, according to a new study __2__ (publish) last year.‎ In the 12yearlong study, researchers looked at the workplace habits of 7，000 participants in Ontario Canada and __3__ (find) that ‎ those who stood at work were twice as likely __4__ (catch) heart disease in comparison to those who spent the day sitting down.‎ Standing for hours on end increases the pressure in the veins (血管), __5__ might contribute to the increased risk of heart disease.Prolonged standing has also been linked to chronic back pain and musculoskeletal disorders in the legs.‎ ‎__6__ is suggested that employers should focus on wellness programs that target those who are subjected to prolonged periods of standing just as they would target daily __7__ (smoker)．Those who cannot avoid standing at work should __8__ (regular) stretch during breaks to ease the muscles.‎ With studies __9__ (suggest) both sitting and standing for long periods of time carry health risks, perhaps the __10__ (solve) is to alternate between the two.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章讲了久站和久坐对身体都不好，解决方案是两种状态交替。‎ ‎1．for　考查介词。句意：然而，长时间的站立可能对你也不好。题干中表示“对你”，所以填for。‎ ‎2．published　考查非谓语动词。publish的逻辑主语是a new study，它们之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，所以填published。‎ ‎3．found　考查时态。发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，‎ 所以填found。‎ ‎4．to catch　考查固定句型。be likely to do sth.可能做某事，该句型是固定句型，所以填to catch。‎ ‎5．which　考查非限制性定语从句。 ________ might contribute to the increased risk of heart disease.是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，所以填which。‎ ‎6．It　考查形式主语。后面是真正的主语从句，前面需要一个形式主语，所以填It。‎ ‎7．smokers　考查名词单复数。题干中表示“日常的吸烟者”，是复数，所以用名词复数，填smokers。‎ ‎8．regularly　考查副词。该空修饰动词stretch，用副词，所以填regularly。‎ ‎9．suggesting　考查with复合结构。with ＋名词 ＋ ing分词(强调名词是 ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行)，所以填suggesting。‎ ‎10．solution　考查名词。作句子主语，用名词，所以填solution。‎ C ‎(2019年河南省中原名校高三第三次质量考评)‎ Longjing tea, __1__ has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its color, taste and shape, __2__(name) after its production region—Longjing Village of West Lake.The good environment and water ‎ resources have contributed much to the__3__(grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that “Longjing tea is the__4__(good) among all of the teas in the world”．‎ Thanks__5__ Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputation.The story went that Emperor Qianlong visited the mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at __6__ foot of the mountain.He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself.‎ While__7__ (pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother's illness, so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and __8__ (leave) Hangzhou for Beijing.He visited his mother__9__ (immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the fragrance of the tea leaves from his sleeves and wanted to have a taste.After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely __10__ (refresh), and she even praised it as a cure for all ills.From then on，it was listed as the tribute tea.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍龙井茶的历史。‎ ‎1．which　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：龙井茶以其颜色、口味和形状位居中国十大最著名的茶叶之列，以其生产的西湖龙井村命名。此处Longjing tea是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为which。‎ ‎2．is named　考查被动语态。句意：龙 井茶以其颜色、口味和形状位居中国十大最著名的茶叶之列，以其生产的西湖龙井村命名。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，句子主语Longjing tea是单数第三人称，和name之间是被动关系，故答案为is named。‎ ‎3．growth　考查名词。句意：良好的环境和水资源对茶叶的生长起到了很大的作用，证实了“龙井茶是世界上最好的茶之一”的说法。根据the，可知此空用名词形式，故答案为growth。‎ ‎4．best　考查最高级。句意：良好的环境和水资源对茶叶的生长起到了很大的作用，证实了“龙井茶是世界上最好的茶之一”的说法。根据the，可知此空用最高级，故答案为best。‎ ‎5．to　考查固定结构。句意：多亏了清朝乾隆皇帝的统治，茶叶赢得了很高的声誉。Thanks to “多亏了”，故答案为to。‎ ‎6．the　考查固定词组。at the foot of “在……脚下”，故答案为the。‎ ‎7．picking　考查现在分词。句意：在摘茶的时候，他收到了母亲生病的消息，所以他不小心把叶子放在他的右袖里，离开杭州去了北京。此处句子主语he和pick之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作时间状语，故答案为picking。‎ ‎8．left　考查时态。句意：在摘茶的时候，他收到了母亲生病的消息，所以他不小心把叶子放在他的右袖里，离开杭州去了北京。此处是表示过去的并列谓语，故答案为left。‎ ‎9．immediately　考查副词。句意：他一到北京就去拜访了他的母亲，他的母亲从他的袖子里闻到了茶叶的香味，想要尝一尝。此处是副词修饰动词，故答案为immediately。‎ ‎10．refreshed　考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：喝了一杯茶后，她发现自己完全恢复了精神，她甚至称赞这是治愈一切疾病的良药。此处是find＋宾语＋过去分词，故答案为refreshed。‎ D ‎(2019年湖南省郴州市高三第二次教学质量监测)‎ Students at a university in East China's Anhui province will probably not receive __1__ (they) diploma if they fail a physical fitness test, a type of test that requires students to achieve longdistance running, standing long jump, etc.The test has caused much debate on social media __2__ (concern) whether the university's physical education should be a __3__(require) of their academic degree.‎ The decision __4__ (announce) by Zhang Xiang, head of Anqing Normal University, in the last university's sports committee meeting.The purpose is __5__ (encourage) students to do more exercises after class, according __6__ Xin'an Evening News, a local newspaper in Anhui province.The new regulation will come into force in 2019 and __7__ (graduate) who fail to pass the fitness tests will not be given a bachelor's degree in June next year.‎ However, it is not a onetime test like gaokao, China's college entrance examination.Students __8__ fail the tests before graduation will be offered another chance to retake the test, and __9__ they fail it again, they will have to retake the test after graduation.__10__ (fortunate), ‎ graduates who fail to pass the tests will not get a bachelor's degree.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。高考在社交媒体上引发了很多关于大学体育是否应该成为学位要求的争论。新规定将于2019年生效，未通过体能测试的毕业生将不能在明年6月获得学士学位。毕业前考试不及格的学生将有机会重新参加考试。‎ ‎1．their　考查形容词性物主代词。此处diploma“毕业证书”，是可数名词，用形容词性物主代词修饰，故答案为their。‎ ‎2．concerning　考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：高考在社交媒体上引发了很多关于大学体育是否应该成为学位要求的争论。此处media和concern之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作后置定语，故答案为concerning。‎ ‎3．requirement　考查词性转换。句意：高考在社交媒体上引发了很多关于大学体育是否应该成为学位要求的争论。根据该空前的a，可知此处用名词形式，故答案为requirement。‎ ‎4．was announced　考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：这一决定是由安庆师范大学校长张翔在上届校运会上宣布的。此处句子主语decision和announce之间是一种被动关系，且指过去发生的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为was announced。‎ ‎5．to encourage　考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：据安徽省当地报纸《新安晚报》报道，此举动在鼓励学生课后多做运动。此处是动词不定式作表语，故答案为to encourage。‎ ‎6．to　考查固定词组。according to，“按着……”，故答案为to。‎ ‎7．graduates　考查名词复数。句意：新规定将于2019年生效，未通过体能测试的毕业生将不能在明年6月获得学士学位。根据后面who引导的定语从句，可知此处graduate“毕业生”是可数名词，且用名词复数，故答案为graduates。‎ ‎8．who/that　考查定语从句。句意：毕业前考试不及格的学生将有机会重新参加考试。此处Students是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为who/that。‎ ‎9．if/when/once　考查状语从句。句意：如果/当/一旦他们再次失败，他们毕业后必须重新考试。可知此处是if或once引导的条件状语从句或when引导的时间状语从句。故答案为if/when/once。‎ ‎10．Unfortunately　考查副词。句意：不幸地是，没有通过考试的毕业生将得不到学士学位。故答案为Unfortunately。‎ E ‎(2019年江西省南昌市高三月考)‎ ‎“Mirror, mirror, which clothes suit me best？” Now, there is a magic mirror in the shopping center __1__ can answer the question.‎ A shopping center in England is selling a magic dressing mirror.You needn't enter a fitting room and put the clothes __2__ by yourself.All you need to do is to stand in front of the mirror.The magic mirror can tell you __3__ or not the clothing you have chosen suits you.‎ ‎3D technology __4__(use) for the magic mirror for you to choose ‎ and try on all kinds of clothes from different stores.When you stand in front of the mirror, with the __5__(assist) of the technology, you can make its own judgement of your body type.Then you can see __6__wearing the dress you have chosen in the mirror.‎ It's very convenient for you to find the most __7__(suit) dress.You do not have to spend a lot of time __8__(walk) around in different stores. __9__ do you need to shut yourself into a small dressing room.‎ ‎“The mirror has worked much better with women's clothing than __10__ (expect), so we are now developing the software for men's and kid's clothing，” said the marketing manager of the shopping center.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：本文介绍了英格兰一家购物中心的魔镜，人们不用再亲自试穿衣服，只要站在“魔镜”前，说“魔镜魔镜哪款衣服最适合我？”，镜子就会根据人的身材、需求等选择出合适的衣服。这种魔镜实际是运用了3D技术，目前魔镜在女士服装方面已经发挥了重要作用。‎ ‎1．which/that　考查定语从句。先行词为a magic mirror，定语从句中缺少主语，故填入that/which。‎ ‎2．on　考查固定词组。句意：你不需要走进试衣间自己穿衣服。put on“穿上，戴上”，故答案为on。‎ ‎3．whether　考查固定搭配。句意：魔镜可以告诉你你选择的衣服是否适合你。whether...or not“是……或者不是”，故答案为whether。‎ ‎4．is used　考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：3D技术是一面魔镜，可以让你在不同的商店挑选和试穿各种各样的衣服。句子主语3D technology和use之间是被动语态，结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为is used。‎ ‎5．assistance　考查固定搭配。句意：在科技的帮助下，你可以对自己的体形做出自己的判断。with the assistance of...，“在……的帮助下”，故答案为assistance。‎ ‎6．yourself　考查反身代词。句意：然后你可以看到自己穿着你在镜子里选择的衣服。此处是反身代词作宾语，故答案为yourself。‎ ‎7．suitable　考查词性转换。根据“the most”提示可知，用suit的形容词形式作定语。故答案为suitable。‎ ‎8．walking　考查固定短语。“spend time doing sth.”为固定短语，表示“花费时间做……”。故答案为walking。‎ ‎9．Neither/Nor　考查副词。句意：你也不需要把自己关在一个小更衣室里。Neither/Nor位于句子开头，句子用部分倒装，故答案为Neither/Nor。‎ ‎10．expected　考查过去分词。句意：这镜子在女装上的效果比预期要好得多，所以我们现在正在开发一款适用于男装和童装的软件。The mirror和expect之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词，故答案为expected。‎ F ‎(2019年辽宁省重点六校协作体高三期中考试)‎ Back in 1995, Jack Ma made his first trip to the US and used the Internet for the first time.After searching for “beer”， he saw that no results came up related __1__ China.When he then searched for “China” and still saw no results, he decided__2__ (set) up a Chinese website—the seed for Alibaba was sown.‎ Ma__3__(simple) wanted his company to have a __4__(globe) and interesting name, and realized Alibaba was a story __5__(know) across the world.‎ The company__6__(found) in 1999 and __7__ then it has grown from 15 employees to over 30，000.Alibaba has directly and indirectly created 40 million jobs for China.‎ Ma hopes to keep expanding Alibaba outside of China and is aiming for 2 billion __8__(consume) and 10 million small businesses to use __9__company outside of China.‎ Ma became the richest man in China, when the company he founded floated on the stock market last year with a value of around $140 billion—the __10__ (large) public offering in history.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了马云建立阿里巴巴的历史。‎ ‎1．to　考查固定短语。句意：之后他又搜索了“中国”，没看到任何与之有关的结果。relate to“有关”，该短语是固定短语，‎ 所以填to。‎ ‎2．to set　考查固定句型。句意：那时候他就下决心要建立一个中文网站，这也许就是创立阿里巴巴的初衷。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，该句型是固定句型，所以填to set。‎ ‎3．simply　考查副词。该空修饰动词wanted，用副词，所以填simply。‎ ‎4．global　考查形容词。该空修饰名词name，用形容词，所以填global。‎ ‎5．known　考查非谓语动词。know的逻辑主语是a story，它们之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，所以填known。‎ ‎6．was founded　考查时态和语态。“公司”和“建立”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填was founded。‎ ‎7．since　考查固定短语。句意：从那时起的15名员工到现在超过3 000人。since then“从那时以来”，该短语是固定短语，所以填since。‎ ‎8．consumers　考查名词。该空作aiming for的宾语，用名词，且被2 billion修饰，用名词复数，所以填consumers。‎ ‎9．the　考查冠词。文中特指“中国之外的这家公司”，用定冠词，所以填the。‎ ‎10．largest　考查最高级。文中指“历史上最大的公开发售”，用最高级，所以填largest。‎