【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之十一（16页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之十一（16页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之十一 ‎[一]‎ Not everybody reads the daily newspaper. People who don’t read newspapers are sometimes referred to as non-readers. Early research has shown that non-readers are generally low in education, low in income, and either very young or very old. What’s more, non-readers are more likely to live in the countryside and have less contact with neighbors and friends. Other studies show that non-readers tend to isolate (隔离) themselves from the community and less likely to own a home and seldom belong to local voluntary organizations. ‎ ‎ Why don’t these people read daily newspapers? They say they don’t have the time. They prefer the radio or TV. They have no interest in reading and besides, they think newspapers are too expensive. Recent surveys, however, have shown that the descriptions of the non-readers are more difficult to understand than before. There appears to be a group of non-readers that do not fit the types mentioned above. They are high in income and fall into the age group of 26 to 65. They are far more likely to report that they don’t have the time to read the newspapers and they have no interest in the content. Editors and publishers are trying to win them back. First, they are adding news briefs and full indexes. This will help overcome the time problem. And they are also adding more sorts to newspaper content to try to interest them. ‎ ‎25. The purpose of the recent surveys mentioned in the passage is to _____.‎ A. help readers find something interesting in newspapers B. find out how many people read newspapers C. help editors find out interesting topics D. find out more about the people who are non-readers ‎26. According to the early research, the characteristic (特点) of non-readers is that _____.‎ A. they live in rural areas B. they are not well-educated, poor, and either very young or very old C. they don’t communicate with others D. they don’t have a home ‎27. Recent surveys have shown that some non-readers _____.‎ A. are rich people B. think that newspapers are expensive C. are at an old age ‎ D. are quite young ‎28. What are editors and publishers doing to interest non-readers?‎ A. They are adding news briefs and comprehensive indexes.‎ B. They are adding more sorts to newspaper content.‎ C. They are adding more advertisements.‎ D. Both A and B. ‎ 参考答案：25-28．DBAD ‎[二]‎ When you hear Westerners（西方人）say “ Drop in anytime” or “Come and see me soon” , you should realize that it doesn’t mean you are welcome to come over to their house anytime. It’s wise to telephone before visiting someone.‎ Never accept an invitation unless you really plan to go. You may refuse by saying, “Thank you for inviting me, but I may not be able to come.” If you are unable to come after accepting the invitation, be sure to tell those who invite you in advance（提前）that you will not be there.‎ When you have accepted the invitation to a party or a dinner, it is polite to bring small gifts with you, such as bottles of drink, flowers and chocolate. Sometimes Westerners may take you out to dinner in a restaurant and it does not necessarily mean that he is going to pay the bill at the end of the meal. He might want you to “go Dutch”, which means ‎ each person pays his own bill.‎ ‎25. The best title of this passage is ________ ‎ ‎ A. Drop in anytime. B. Come and see me soon.‎ ‎ C. Invitation in western countries. D. Westerners. ‎ ‎26. When Westerners say “ Drop in anytime” or “Come and see me soon” , it means ________‎ A. you are welcome to visit them anytime ‎ B. you are welcome to visit them, but you still need to call them before going to their house. ‎ C. they don’t want you to visit them. ‎ D. they will hold a party for you.‎ ‎27. If a westerner invites you to go to his house, ________‎ A. you may refuse if you don’t plan to go. ‎ B. you have to accept the invitation even you don’t want to go.‎ C. you can’t accept the invitation.‎ D. and you accept the invitation, you must go. ‎ ‎28. If you have accepted the invitation to a party or a dinner, what kind of gifts will you bring? ‎ A. Money. B. Televisions C. Computers. D. Books 参考答案：‎ 解析：25-28 CBAD这篇短文主要介绍了西方人的邀请文化。‎ ‎25.标题归纳题。根据短文的主要内容是围绕西方的邀请文化介绍的故选C。‎ ‎26.细节理解题。根据第一段you should realize that it doesn’t mean you are welcome to come over to their house anytime. It’s wise to telephone before visiting someone.描述，可知当人们说随时来玩时，你应该知道那不意味着你能随时拜访他们的家，在拜访之前最好打电话。故选B。‎ ‎27.细节理解题。根据第二段Never accept an invitation unless you really plan to go. You may refuse by saying, “Thank you for inviting me, but I may not be able to ‎ come描述，除非你真的计划去否则不要接受邀请。你可以通过说谢谢邀请，但是我可能不能来表示拒绝。故选A。‎ ‎28.推理判断题。根据第三段When you have accepted the invitation to a party or a dinner, it is polite to bring small gifts with you, such as bottles of drink, flowers and chocolate.描述及选项的对比，故选D。‎ ‎[三]‎ Have you ever heard about Ramadan? Ramadan is one of the most important festivals for Muslims. The name of the festival comes from the Arabic month in which it is celebrated. Ramadan is celebrated in countries all over the world, especially in Africa and the Middle East. The time for celebrating Ramadan varies each year. People celebrate it in the ninth month of the Arabic lunar calendar. During Ramadan, people must not eat during the day: from when the sun comes up to when the sun goes down, people celebrating Ramadan will not eat or smoke. When the sun has gone down, however, the celebration begins. People often stay up all night eating singing and dancing.‎ In late spring, many people around the world celebrate Easter. The festival is a celebration of spring and it is also a religious holiday. It is the time for Easter bunnies and egg hunts, and of course for eating lots of delicious foods. Easter is celebrated in late March or early April but the exact dates are different from year to year. People celebrate Easter in different ways: in some countries, the Easter Bunny—a big rabbit—will visit and children will go on egg hunts, looking for eggs and candy that have been hidden by their parents. In other countries, Easter is a time for children to dress up like witches and go from door to door asking for candy—much like Halloween in the US. The Easter Bunny and the Easter Egg are popular symbols of the festival.‎ ‎29. Ramadan and Easter are________.‎ A. festivals celebrated in Asia and Africa B. the only festivals that people like to celebrate during the day.‎ C. two names of the year D. festivals celebrated by people all over the world ‎30. During Ramadan, people do not________ during the day.‎ A. talk B. sing C. eat D. sleep ‎31. In some countries, children will go on________ during Easter.‎ A. picnics B. egg hunts C. trips D. fighting ‎32. The two main popular symbols of Easter are the_______ and the .‎ A. Easter Man, Easter egg B. Easter Bunny, Easter tree C. Easter Man, Easter tree D. Easter Bunny, Easter egg 参考答案：‎ ‎【答案】29. D 30. C 31.B 32. D ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了世界上两个主要的节日：斋月和复活节；文章详细说明了这两个节日的时间和庆祝方式。‎ ‎29.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句Ramadan is celebrated in countries all over the world, especially in Africa and the Middle East. 和第二段第一句In late spring, many people around the world celebrate Easter. 可知则两个节日在世界各地都被庆祝。故D项正确。‎ ‎30.细节理解题。根据第一段第六句During Ramadan, people must not eat during the day可知在斋月期间白天人们不吃饭的。故C项正确。‎ ‎31.细节理解题。根据第二段第三句It is the time for Easter bunnies and egg hunts, and of course for eating lots of delicious foods.可知在复活节，人们出去抓兔子找鸡蛋，还吃很多的美食。故B项正确。‎ ‎32.细节理解题。根据文章最后一句The Easter Bunny and the Easter Egg are popular symbols of the festival.可知the Easter Bunny 和 the Easter Egg是复活节的主要象征。故D项正确。‎ ‎[四]‎ Do you want a bit of an adventure？Would you like to discover all the corners of the UK，or travel abroad？Maybe you have never tried the motor home lifestyle before．Well，read this article and you will know why a motor home is a good choice．‎ Nothing is better than a motor home．It has so many uses that it is considered the most versatile vehicle and it is also very comfortable．If you are thinking about hiring a motor home this summer，then the best choice is to book it early，especially if you are considering the school holidays．The motor home hire service is very seasonal and motor home hire companies will never have extra vehicles available in the summer months．‎ There are a lot of companies throughout the UK，and some of the big ones have motor homes spread all over the country．At present，the largest network for motor home hire is provided by Motor home which is based in Cambridge．If you are in the UK，you may phone 0800612-8719 for details of its motor home hire information．Motor home has a network of over 500vehicles all over England，Scotland and Wales．‎ Most people wishing to hire a motor home are families that are looking for an alternative to a European package holiday，especially as flying now has become more expensive，and is considered to be environmentally unfriendly．There is no doubt that the idea of no-fly holidays is going to become more popular as fewer people think it is safe to fly．This explains why more and more people are choosing to hire a motor home for their holidays．‎ ‎33．The main purpose of this text is to explain why it is a good idea to ．‎ A．take an adventure B．travel to England C．try a new lifestyle D．hire a motor home ‎34．What does the underlined word "versatile" in Paragraph 2 probably mean？‎ A．Fast． B．Safe． C．Useful． D．Exciting．‎ ‎35．Why should you book a motor home early if you want to book one for this summer？‎ A．Booking early is much cheaper．‎ B．Summer is usually a very busy season．‎ C．You can arrange your time better this way．‎ D．Students usually book them to earn money．‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎33-35 DCB本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了旅宿车的功能及乘其旅游的方便和舒适．‎ ‎33．D．推理判断题．根据最后一段This explains why more and more people are choosing to hire a motor home for their holidays可知作者主要是在讲乘坐旅宿车旅游的优点，即为什么乘坐旅宿车旅游是个不错的主意，故选D．‎ ‎34．C．词义猜测题． 根据"It has so many uses that it is considered the most versatile vehicle and it is also very comfortable"可知 versatile 意为"多种用途的"；故选C．‎ ‎35．B．细节理解题．根据第二段"The motorhome hire service is very seasonal and motorhome hire companies will never have extra vehicles available in the summer months．"可知，汽车租赁服务非常的季节和汽车租赁公司将不会有多余的车辆在夏季可用，说明夏季是汽车租赁非常繁忙．故选B．‎ ‎[五]‎ Do you like traveling? Here is some advice.‎ ˜Always wear your most comfortable clothes when going on long journeys.‎ ˜Traveling on trains or buses can be boring, so take a good book to read.‎ ˜If you are going somewhere sunny, remember to wear sunblocks（防晒霜）and sunglasses.‎ ˜Always take a camera with you to capture those special moments.‎ ˜Be careful with your things whenever you go to busy places, like a train station. There are often thieves there.‎ ˜Most countries have lower prices for students, so if you have one, take your student card with you and save money.‎ ˜If you travel abroad, remember to take your passport. Whatever you do, don’t lose it!‎ ‎28. If you go to Hainan Island for a trip in summer, you should take ‎ with you.‎ A. some fruit and drinks B. warm clothes and sports shoes C. sunglasses and sunblocks D. most comfortable clothes ‎29. According to the passage, is a good way to keep away from boredom（单调）.‎ A. reading a good book B. taking a camera ‎ C. listening to music D. playing games ‎30. If a student shows to the shop assistant, he can buy some presents at lower prices while traveling.‎ A. his things B. his passport C. his student card D. his ID card ‎31. The underlined word “capture” in this passage means .‎ A. 感受 B. 拍摄 C. 控制 D. 体验 参考答案：26-30 ADCAC ‎[六]‎ A new report says living in a city makes it harder for people to concentrate(集中) on some tasks. The research found that people who live in rural areas can focus better than people in urban areas. The study is ‎ from Goldsmiths College, which is part of the University of London. Head researcher Dr. Karina Linnell and her team made great contributions. They studied how two groups of people did the same "thinking tasks". The team went to a remote(偏远的) part of Namibia, southwest Africa, to study the Himba tribe. Himba people live a very basic life in the desert. They are still doing traditional farming. The team also studied members of the same tribe who had moved to the nearest town. Dr. Linnell said the tribe who lived in the desert did much better on the tests than those in the town. It's really interesting and shocking.‎ Dr. Linnell said their research may lead to changes in the way companies operate. In the future, workers may move from cities to live and work in the countryside. Linnell said there are too many things around us in the city that stop us from thinking about one thing for a long time. This means we do not work at our best. She asked, "What if, for example, companies realized certain tasks would be better carried out by employees based outside of the urban environment? There their concentration ability is better. "The past century has seen billions of people move from the countryside to big cities. In the future, the trend may not continue. If Dr. Linnell's research is true, this century might see many of those people return to the great outdoors. Let's wait to see what will happen.‎ ‎32. What did Dr. Linnell and her team conclude from the study on the Himba tribe?‎ A. Himba people are cleverer than others.‎ B. Himba people aren't used to the life in city.‎ C. Himba people focus better in the desert D. Himba people give up traditional farming.‎ ‎33. What happened in the past one hundred years?‎ A. Many people returned to the countryside.‎ B. Big cities attracted many people to live and work.‎ C. Many people couldn't concentrate on one task.‎ D. The way companies operate changed a great deal.‎ ‎34. The underlined word "outdoors" in the last paragraph probably refers to "______".‎ A. villages B.cities C. towns D.countries ‎35. What is the main purpose of the text ?‎ A. to remind people to focus better.‎ B. to advise people to live in countryside.‎ C. to share a recent study with readers.‎ D. to show the bright future to readers.‎ 参考答案：32-35 CBAC ‎[七]‎ ‎ Snoring(打鼾) is noisy breathing during sleep. It is a common problem among all ages and it influences about 90 million American adults. People most at risk are males and those who are overweight, but snoring is a problem of both genders, although it is possible that women do not present this complaint as frequently as men.‎ Snoring is often the loud or harsh sound that can occur as you sleep. You snore when the flow of air makes the tissue in the back of your throat vibrate(颤动) as you breathe. The sound most often occurs as you breathe in air, and can come through the nose, mouth or both two organs. It can occur during any stage of sleep.‎ About half of people snore at some point in their lives. Snoring is more common among men, though many women snore. It appears to run in families and becomes more common as you get older. About 40 percent of adult men and 24 percent of adult women are habitual snorers. Men become less likely to snore after the age of 70.‎ Sleeping on your back may make you more likely to snore. You may snore when your throat or tongue muscles are relaxed. And substances(物质) that ‎ can relax these muscles may cause you to snore. These include alcohol, muscle relaxants and other medicine.‎ Snoring can be a nuisance to your partner and anyone else nearby. You may even snore loudly enough to wake yourself up. Though, in many cases people do not realize that they snore. Snoring can also cause you to have a dry mouth when you wake up.‎ Light snoring may not disrupt your overall sleep quality. Heavy snoring may be connected with a risk factor in the heart disease, stroke and many other health problems. So never take it lightly.‎ ‎29. Why do some people snore during their sleep?‎ A. Because there is something wrong with their throat.‎ B. Because noises are made when they breathe out.‎ C. Because the tissue in their throat is vibrating.‎ D. Because they use their mouth and nose to breathe meanwhile.‎ ‎30. What can we conclude from the third paragraph?‎ ‎ A. Men suffer much more because of their snoring.‎ ‎ B. Women are easier to become habitual snorers.‎ ‎ C. Snoring may have something to do with genes.‎ ‎ D. The older you turn, the more seriously you snore.‎ ‎31. In which part of a website can we read the passage?‎ A. Sports. B. Education.‎ C. Culture. D. Science.‎ 参考答案：29-31 CCD ‎[八]‎ A supermarket checkout operator was praised for striking a blow for modern manners and a return to the age of politeness after refusing to serve a shopper who was talking on her mobile phone.‎ The supermarket manager was forced to apologize to the customer who complained she was told her goods would not be scanned unless she hung up her phone. Jo Clark, 46, said, “I don’t know what she was playing at. I couldn’t believe how rude she was. When did she have the right to give me a lecture on checkout manners? I won’t be shopping there again.”‎ But users of social media sites and Internet forums(论坛）were very angry that store gave in and the public appeared to be in favor of the angry checkout worker. “Perhaps this is a turning point for mobile phone users everywhere. When chatting, keep your eyes on people around you. That includes people trying to serve you, other road users and especially people behind you in the stairs,” said a typical post.‎ ‎“It’s time that checkout staff(工作人员) fought back against these people constantly chatting on their phones. They can drive anyone crazy. It’s rude and annoying. I often want to grab someone’s phone and throw it as far as I can, even though I am not a checkout girl, just a passer-by,” said another.‎ Siobhan Freegard, founder of parenting site www.Netmums.com said, “While this checkout operator doesn’t have the authority to order customers to switch off their phones, you can see clearly how frustrated and angry she felt. No matter how busy you are, life is nicer when you and those around you have good manners.”‎ ‎24. According to Jo Clark, the checkout operator ___________.‎ A. deserved praise for her modern manners.‎ B. played with a mobile phone while at work.‎ C. lacked the knowledge of checkout manners.‎ D. had no right to forbid her from using her mobile phone.‎ ‎25. From the third and fourth paragraphs we can know that the public ___________.‎ A. seem to support the checkout operator. ‎ B. are driven crazy by constant mobile calls.‎ C. ignore the existence of mobile phone users. ‎ D. are used to chatting on their mobile phones. ‎ ‎26. What is the attitude of Siobhan Freegard towards the checkout operator? ‎ A. Disapproving B. Neutral C. Supportive D. Indifferent ‎27. The passage is mainly about ____________.‎ A. why we can talk on mobile phones while shopping.‎ B. what good manners checkout operators should have. ‎ C. how we can develop good manners for mobile phone.‎ D. whether we should talk on our phones while being served.‎ 参考答案：24-27 DACD ‎[九]‎ ‎ Scientists in Helsinki have discovered that learning foreign languages improves our brain’s elasticity(弹性). The more foreign languages we ‎ learn, the more effectively our brain reacts and processes(处理) the data increased in the course of learning.‎ Researchers carried out an experiment where the brain’s activity was measured with EEG(脑电图). Twenty-two students in total joined in the experiment, with the average age being 24. The subjects had electrodes(电极) placed on their heads and then listened to recordings of different words in their native language, and in foreign languages as well, both known and completely unknown by the subjects. When the known or unknown words appeared, changes in the brain’s activity were tracked. Researchers especially focused on the speed at which the brain readjusted its activity to treat unknown words. Afterwards, the data was compared to the subjects’ linguistic background: how many languages they knew, at which age they started to learn them, and so on.‎ The experiment has shown that the brain activity of those participants, who had already known some foreign languages, was higher. The author of the study, Yuriy Shtyrov commented that the more languages someone mastered, the faster the brain dealt with the new words. This shows that loading the mind with more knowledge improves its elasticity.‎ Scientists believe that understanding how the brain functions in acquiring languages is of great importance in helping people struggling with speaking languages after accidents, strokes(中风), and other related conditions, and finding ways to treat them. Moreover, when we achieve better insight into the principles of creating and strengthening brain networks, we will be able to use these mechanisms(机制), speed them up and improve the learning process.‎ ‎25. What can we conclude from the passage?‎ ‎ A. The more languages you learn, the more effectively you react to different situations.‎ ‎ B. If you learn several languages, you are bound to have a creative ‎ imagination.‎ ‎ C. People speaking several languages are better at dealing with information.‎ ‎ D. Researches suggest that learning languages can treat serious diseases.‎ 26. How does the author develop the second paragraph?‎ ‎ A. By describing a process.‎ ‎ B. By making comparisons.‎ ‎ C. By giving examples.‎ ‎ D. By following the time order.‎ 27. The research finding is significant in______.‎ ‎ A. raising people’s awareness of spreading cultures.‎ ‎ B. encouraging the development of languages.‎ ‎ C. changing the focus of education.‎ ‎ D. helping solve some health issues.‎ 参考答案：25-27 CAD ‎[十]‎ After nearly half a century behind the wheel, Hisao Matsumoto, 85, is not ready to stop driving. “I’m not that old yet,” he says. “I still have 15 more years to go till I reach 100.” Mr. Matsumo is one of more than 5 million drivers aged 75 or older. A million more will be on the roads by 2021. Worried, the police are trying to persuade many of them out of driving, because over-75s are twice as likely to cause a fatal accident as younger drivers, according to the National Police Agency (NPA).‎ Nearly half of older drivers who caused fatal accidents had signs of cognitive impairment (认知障碍). Hundreds of older drivers turn the wrong way into motor way« every year. In January an 85 year-old man steered his vehicle into oncoming traffic on a country road, hitting a car and two ‎ school-girls. Police believe he mistook the accelerator for the brake. The man’s family said he had rejected their requests to hand over his keys many times.‎ Such stubbornness is common, notes Kazunori Iwakoshi, who heads an NGO that supports elderly drivers. Many drivers argue that they have never had an accident and it is unfair to do that, so they resent themselves being cast aside.‎ Since last March over-75s renewing their licenses must take cognitive tests to screen for dementia (老年痴呆). The NPA expects these changes to take 15,000 drivers off the road each year. Last year more than 250,000 over-75s gave up their licenses after their families’constant stream of persuasion, says Mr. Iwakoshi. His organization publishes a check list for elderly drivers, aimed at getting them to assess their responses themselves.‎ Mr. Matsumoto is lucky. His city gives pensioners unlimited access to public transport. However thousands of elderly people are stuck in rural communities with no buses.‎ ‎28. Why do the police try to persuade elderly drivers to stop driving?‎ A. To encourage younger drivers to drive safely.‎ B. To reduce the number of deadly accidents.‎ C. To introduce the National Police Agency.‎ D. To stress the significance of safe driving.‎ ‎29. Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “resent” in paragraph 3?‎ A. resemble B. support C. injure D. dislike ‎30. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?‎ A. Tests to assess elderly drivers’ responses.‎ B. Families’contributions to traffic safety.‎ C. Ways to renew licenses for elderly drivers.‎ D. Measures to control the number of elderly drivers.‎ ‎31. What is implied about the restriction to elderly drivers in the last paragraph?‎ A. It can cause some new problems.‎ B. It is popular among elderly drivers.‎ C. It will do elderly drivers more harm than good.‎ D. It brings about easy access to public transport.‎ 参考答案：28-31.BDDA