高考英语总复习-第一部分-基础考点聚焦-Unit1-Lifestyles知能演练轻松闯关-北师大版必修1

高考英语总复习-第一部分-基础考点聚焦-Unit1-Lifestyles知能演练轻松闯关-北师大版必修1

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。Unit1LifestylesⅠ.单句语法填空1．Programs，____________(design)tojointheoldandtheyoungtogether，aregrowinginpopularityallovertheworld.答案：designed2．____________carelessishethatwhateveryousaytohimgoesinatoneearandoutattheother.答案：So3．Iamworkinginaneighborhood，dealingwithpeople’s____________(complain)abouttheirpersonalaffairs.答案：complaints4．Inourfactory，somepeoplearesittingaround____________othersaredoingallthework.答案：while5．WasthisthesameEvans____________Carolhadbeenatschoolwith?Hehadchangedsomuch!答案：that6．—Whataboutourtravelingthissummer?—I’mgladto，butwe____________(save)moneyforanewapartment.答案：aresaving7．Hurryup！Weneedtogettothetopofthemountainbeforethesun____________(sink)inthewest.答案：sinks8．Whowasitthatcameup____________suchagoodideaatthemeetingyesterday?答案：with9．Iwasverybusythen，otherwiseI____________(go)toseemyteacherwiththem.答案：wouldhavegone10．Themanagersaidthatmanyoftheseproductswereboughtin____________(prefer)totheirown.答案：preferenceⅡ.阅读理解12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。(2016·山东淄博实验中学高三模拟)Fewofushaven’treadCinderella，thestoryofayoungwomanlivinginpovertywhomeetstheprinceofherdreams.Somemightnotwanttoadmitit，butthereisahiddenCinderellaineveryone’sheart—weallwishwecouldachieverecognitionorsuccessafteraperiodofobscurity(默默无闻)．MarySantiagohasthatsecretdream，too.HerstoryisfeaturedinAnotherCinderellaStory，afilmsetinaUShighschool.Maryisshybutlovestodance.Comparedwithothergirls，sheisinvisible.However，herworldchangescompletelywhenafamousteenagerpopsinger，JoeyParker，appears.Joeyiseverythingtherestoftheboysinherclassarenot—kind，handsomeanddesirable.MaryandJoey’spathscrossataball.Theymeetandfallinlovewitheachother.ButwhenMaryhastorushbackhome，sheleavesbehindherMP3player，whichbecomestheonlyclueJoeyhastofindthegirlofhisdreams.Ofcourse，thereisawickedstepmother，whoturnsouttobeDominiqueBlattandshetakesinMaryafterherdancermotherdies.DominiquetreatsMarylikeamaidanddoeseverythingshecantomakesureMarydoesn’tgetintothetopdanceschool.HertwodaughtersareequallydeterminedtostopJoeyfallingforMary，evenifthatmeansembarrassingher.Thestory，thoughitmostlyfollowsCinderella，doesaddafewmoderndaytwiststotheclassicfairytale.Refreshingly，thefilm，unlikemanyhighschoolfilms，doesnotfocusonlooks，althoughtheactorsareallbeautiful.ThereisalsoalotlessmaterialisminAnotherCinderellaStorythaninmanysimilarmovies.“ThemovietakestheCinderellafairytaleasitsjumpingoffpoint，”writesmoviecriticAmberWilkinson.“Yetthefocusisfirmlyonfollowingyourdream.”【文章大意】　本文是一篇影评。讲述的是一部以灰姑娘的童话故事为蓝本的一部新的电影AnotherCinderellaStory。1．Thefirstparagraphismainlyto________．A．informusoftheimportancetomarryaprinceB．reminduswhyCinderellaispopularalltheyears12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。C．buildinterestandleadustoMary’ssecretdreamD．tellushowinterestingthefairytaleCinderellaisC　解析：段落大意题。第一段主要说的是我们每个人心中都有一个灰姑娘的梦，从而引出以灰姑娘的童话故事为蓝本的一部新电影，然后进行了介绍。第一段好比一个引子，主要用于引起读者的兴趣，并进而引出Mary内心深处的梦想。2．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．JoeyisjustlikeotherboysinMary’sclass.B．TheMP3playerhelpsJoeyinfindingMary.C．Notmanypeoplehaveadreamtoberealized.D．Mary’smotherinfluencesheralotinsinging.B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第四句ButwhenMaryhastorushbackhome，sheleavesbehindherMP3player，whichbecomestheonlyclueJoeyhastofindthegirlofhisdreams.可知MP3帮助Joey找到了Mary。故选B。3．WhatdoesmoviecriticAmberWilkinsonmeanbyhiswordsaboutAnotherCinderellaStory?A．ThemovieisexactlyanothercopyoftheCinderellafairytale.B．ThemovieisasgoodasthestoryCinderella.C．ThemovieandCinderellabothfocusonfollowingyourdream.D．ThemovieisbasedonthestoryCinderellawhilealittledifferentfromit.D　解析：细节理解题。根据moviecriticAmberWilkinson所说的话：“ThemovietakestheCinderellafairytaleasitsjumpingoffpoint，”“Yetthefocusisfirmlyonfollowingyourdream.”可知这部电影源于灰姑娘的故事，但却以追逐梦想为主题。故选D。4．Thepassageismainlyabout________．A．anintroductiontoMarySantiagoB．areviewaboutafilmC．anessayaboutdreamsD．anadvertisementofCinderellaB　解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文，特别是根据最后两段的内容可知这是一篇影评。Ⅲ.完形填空(2016·青岛市高三统一质量检测)RicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather’sbusinessSemcoinBrazilattheageof21.Ricardoworkedlikea(n)__1__man,from7:30amtomidnighteveryday.Oneafternoon,whilehewasvisitingafactoryinNewYork,he__2__.Thedoctortoldhimifhe__3__likethat,hewouldfindanewhomein12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。hospital.Semlergotthe__4__.Hechangedthewayhe__5__.Infact,hechangedthewayshis__6__worked,too.Helethisworkerstakemore__7__sothattheywouldbetheonesworryingwhenthingswentwrong.He__8__themtosettheirownsalaries,__9__theirownworkinghoursandhecutallthejobshethoughtwere__10__，likereceptionistsandsecretaries.Hechangedtheoffice:__11__walls,theyhaveplantsatSemco,sobossescan’t__12__themselvesawayfromeveryoneelse.Andtheworkersare__13__todecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant.Itsoundsperfect,butdoesit__14__？Theanswerisinthe__15__：inthelastsixyears,Semco’srevenues(收入)have__16__from$35millionto$212million.Thecompanyhasgonefromeighthundredemployeesto3，000.Why？　Semlersaysit’sbecauseof“peerpressure”whichmakesemployeeswork__17__foreveryoneelse.Ifsomeoneisn’tdoinghisjob__18__，theotherworkerswillnotallowthe__19__tocontinue.Inotherwords,Ricardotreatshisworkerslikeadultsratherthanchildren,andexpectsthemtoactlikeresponsible__20__.Andtheydo.【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文。作为老板，只有让团队中的每个人都能自觉主动地承担责任，形成我为人人，人人为我的氛围，才能提高团队的工作效率。这正是Semler之所以成功的原因。1．A.interestingB．independentC．madD．greatC　解析：根据空格后的“from7:30amtomidnighteveryday”可知，他拼命工作。故选C，意为“疯狂的”。A项意为“令人感兴趣的”；B项意为“独立的”；D项意为“非常好的”，均不符合题意。2．A.felldownB．gaveupC．wentoutD．gotoffA　解析：根据下句“Thedoctortoldhim”可知，他病倒了。故选A，意为“倒下”。B项意为“放弃”；C项意为“熄灭，出去”；D项意为“下车，离开，出发”，均不符合题意。3．A.changedB．continuedC．droppedD．wentB　解析：根据空格后的“likethat，hewouldfindanewhomeinhospital”可知，医生的意思为：如果他继续这样拼命下去，他会生病住院的。故选B，意为“继续”。A项意为“改变”；C项意为“落下，投下，放弃”；D项意为“走，去”，均不符合题意。4．A.soundB．way12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。C．senseD．messageD　解析：根据下文内容可知，Semler听从了医生的建议，不再那么拼命工作了。故选D，getthemessage是常用短语，意为“领会，明白，受到启发”。5．A.walkedB．talkedC．workedD．treatedC　解析：根据上文和下句“Infact，hechangedthewayshis______worked，too.”可知，Semler改变了他自己的工作方式。故选C。6．A.familyB．workersC．friendsD．childrenB　解析：根据下一段第一句中“Helethisworkerstakemore______”可知，他也改变了员工们的工作方式。故选B。7．A.responsibilityB．moneyC．powerD．expectationA　解析：根据空格后的“sothattheywouldbetheonesworryingwhenthingswentwrong”可知，此处应指他让员工们承担起更多的责任，这样如果事情出了差错，他们自己会操心。故选A。8．A.persuadedB．forcedC．forbadeD．allowedD　解析：根据上一句中的“Helethisworkerstakemore”可知，此处所填词的意思相当于上句中的“let”。故选D，意为“允许”。A项意为“说服”；B项意为“强迫”；C项意为“禁止”，均不符合题意。9．A.decideB．wantC．understandD．tryA　解析：根据空格前的“themtosettheirownsalaries”可推知，此处应指Semler让员工自己决定工作时间。所填词与“set”意思一致。故选A。10．A.unnecessaryB．unpopularC．stupidD．difficultA　解析：根据本句中“hecutallthejobshethoughtwere______，likereceptionistsandsecretaries”并结合常识可知，他取消的工作岗位应该是不必要的。故选A，意为“不必要的”。B项意为“不流行的，不受人欢迎的”；C项意为“愚蠢的，笨的”；D项意为“困难的”，均不符合题意。11．A.aboveallB．insteadofC．apartfromD．exceptforB　解析：根据空格处与下文“sobossescan’t...”之间构成的因果关系可知，12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。此处指用植物代替办公室的墙，这样老板就不会与其他人隔离开。故选B，意为“代替，而不是”。A项意为“首先，尤其是”；C项意为“除……外”；D项意为“除……外”，强调排除与自身相矛盾之处，均与题意不符。12．A.putB．getC．shutD．takeC　解析：根据语境可知，用植物来取代墙的目的是老板不能把自己和员工隔离开。故选C，shutaway为固定搭配，意为“隔离”。13．A.willingB．freeC．tiredD．eagerB　解析：根据空格后的“astheywant”可知，员工们可以自由装饰自己的工作场所。故选B，意为“自由的”。A项意为“自愿的”；C项意为“疲惫的”；D项意为“渴望的，热切的”，均不符合题意。14．A.developB．growC．happenD．workD　解析：根据下文可知，本句句意为：这听起来很完美，但这样有效果吗？故选D，意为“起作用，奏效”。15．A.eyesB．numbersC．personsD．dollarsB　解析：根据空格后的“from$35millionto$212million...fromeighthundredemployeesto3，000”可知，此处强调用数字来证明。故选B。16．A.grownB．droppedC．beatenD．madeA　解析：根据空格后的数字对比可知，公司的收入增加了。故选A。17．A.straightB．slowC．hardD．seldomC　解析：根据上文可知，由于Semler调整了策略，公司的收入增加了，由此可推知，大家更加努力工作。故选C。A项意为“直接地”；B项意为“慢慢地”；D项意为“很少，不常”，均不符合题意。18．A.perfectB．wrongC．wellD．lateC　解析：根据“peerpressure”可知，在这种环境下，如果有人不好好工作，其他人也不允许这种情况继续下去。故选C，意为“出色地”。19．A.troubleB．situationC．pressureD．suffering12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。B　解析：此处指“有人不好好工作”这种情况。故选B，意为“情况，局面”。A项意为“麻烦”；C项意为“压力”；D项意为“苦难，痛苦”，均不符合题意。20．A.childrenB．teenagersC．professorsD．adultsD　解析：根据上文中“Ricardotreatshisworkerslikeadults”可知，Semler按照对待成年人的方式对待员工，他期望员工能够像负责任的成年人那样去工作。故选D。Ⅳ.短文改错(2016·锦州质检)OnFriday，ourteachertoldusthattherewouldanEnglishcornerinfrontofourteachingbuilding.Isetaboutsoonafterthelastclassintheafternoon.Tomyjoy，theEnglishcornerhadjustbeenonforafewminute.Ijoinedthemontheirtalk.Atfirst，IwasafraidthatmyEnglishwassopoorandlimitthatIcouldn’tfollowthemormakemyselfunderstand.Iwasalsoafraidthatanyonemightlaughatme.Butasmilingfacehereoranencouragingnodtheresoonputmeatease.ThoughIspeaktothemonlyinsimpleEnglishthatday，IbelieveinfutureIwillmakeagreaterprogress.答案：OnFriday，ourteachertoldusthattherewouldanEnglishcornerinfrontofourteachingbuilding.Isetsoonafterthelastclassintheafternoon.Tomyjoy，theEnglishcornerhadjustbeenonforafew.Ijoinedthemonintheirtalk.Atfirst，IwasafraidthatmyEnglishwassopoorandlimitlimitedthatIcouldn’tfollowthemormakemyselfunderstandunderstood.Iwasalsoafraidthatmightlaughatme.Butasmilingfacehereanencouragingnodtheresoonputmeatease.ThoughIspeakspoketothemonlyinsimpleEnglishthatday，IbelieveinfutureIwillmakegreaterprogress.Unit1　Lifestyles(B卷)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2016·北京海淀区高三期末)Summerisslippingawayfromme.Somedays，itmakesmewanttocry.Otherdays，Ifeelasenseofexpectationwithinmejustthinkingaboutfallthatmakesmewanttoburst.Tonight，allfiveofuswereinthefamilyroom12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。doingourownthings.Atthismoment，mylittlestkidismynumberonetroubleandmynumberonejoy.Hehasatoothonthewayandalthoughit’ssuchatinything，it’scausingsomuchgrief.I’mholdinghimalotandI’mnotgoingtolie.Iliveforhisafternoonnap(小睡)soI’mabletoactuallygetdressedandusetherestroom.ThebigEisstartingschoolsoon.Theotherday，Ifoundmyselfabitdepressedabouttheendofsummerandthebeginningofanotherschoolyear.Ilookedoutofourfrontwindowwitheyesthatwereheavyandabitteary.Then，Isuddenlyrealizedjusthowsillythisendofsummerdepressionofmineis.Ican’tchangetime.But，Icanchangemyemotionsandmythoughts.Idecidednottospendmyfinaldaysofsummervacationwalkingaroundwithasadface.IdecidedtohugthelastfewdaysofsummerandremindmyselfthatbeforeIknowit，wewillbebackinourschoolroutineandallwillgowell.Thisweekweplanonmeetingteachers.I’mtakingmygirltohavehernailsdonebeforeherfirstdayofkindergarten.Wewanttobakeafewdozencookies.We’lltakeoureveningwalksasusualandstayuplate.Andlastbutnotleast，I’llgetschoolclothesready，I’llpacklunchesandwritelunchnotes，we’llread“TheKissingHand”，likewenormallydo，andI’lltuck(掖好被子)mythirdgraderandkindergartenerintheirlittlebedsbeforethebigfirstday.Thankyousummer，you’vebeenwarmandwonderful，you’vebeensweetandsticky，you’vebeenrefreshingandexactlywhatweneed.Andyoursunsetshavebeenamazing，sothankyou.【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中以个人情感的变化为主线，叙述了在暑期即将结束时与孩子的日常生活以及自己的心路历程。1．AccordingtoParagraph1，theauthor________．A．feelsexcitedB．hasmixedfeelingsC．feelsworriedD．hasbadfeelingsB　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Somedays，itmakesmewanttocry.Otherdays，Ifeelasenseofexpectationwithinmejustthinkingabout...可知，在暑假即将结束时，作者有时候想哭，有时候又对即将到来的秋天有所期待，所以是一种混合的情感。故本题答案为B项。2．Howwilltheauthorspendthefinaldaysofthesummervacation?A．Liveasimplelife.B．Stayathomeandrelaxherself.12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。C．Treasurethevacation.D．Walkaroundwithadepressedface.C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“Idecidednottospendmyfinaldaysofsummervacation...gowell.”可知，作者说提醒自己马上要回到开学后的日常生活，所以要拥抱最后的假期，故选C项，珍惜假期。3．Fromthepassage，wecanlearnthattheauthor________．A．isfondofreadingnovelsB．hastwoannoyingchildrenC．oftentakeseveningwalksD．hasnotimetogetdressedC　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“We’lltakeoureveningwalksasusual”(我们会像往常一样在晚上散步)，可知选C项。A项：喜欢读小说，原文未涉及；B项：有两个烦人的孩子，根据第二段的“mylittlestkidismynumberonetroubleandmynumberonejoy”可知，作者只是说最小的孩子既麻烦又有意思，并不是说孩子令人气恼；再根据第四段的andI’lltuck(掖好被子)mythirdgraderandkindergartenerintheirlittlebedsbeforethebigfirstday.可知作者有三个孩子。故排除B项。D项：没有时间打扮，根据第二段中的“I’mabletoactuallygetdressed”可排除。B(2016·北京市西城区高三模拟)AllyouhaveiswhatyoubringwithyouI’vealwaysfeltaneedtobepreparedforwhateversituationI’vefoundmyselfin.MymotheroncetookmetoastorewhenIwassevenyearsold.SheandIgottothecheckoutcounter，andsherealizedshehadforgottenacoupleofthingsonhershoppinglist.Sheleftmewiththecartandranofftogetwhatsheneeded.“I’llberightback.”shesaid.Shewasgonejustafewminutes，butinthattime，Ihadloadedallthethingsonthebeltandeverythingwasrungup.Iwasleftstaringatthecashier，whowasstaringatme.“Doyouhavemoneyforme，son？”shesaid.“I’llneedtobepaid.”Ididn’trealizeshewasjusttryingtoamuseherself.SoIstoodthere，ashamedandembarrassed.Bythetimemymomreturned，Iwasangry.“Youleftmeherewithnomoney!Thisladyaskedmeforthemoney，andIhadnothingtogiveher.”NowthatI’manadult，you’llnevercatchmewithlessthan$200inmywallet.I12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。wanttobepreparedincaseIneedit.I’vealwaysadmiredpeoplewhoareoverprepared.Incollege，IhadaclassmatenamedNorman.Onedayhewasgivingapresentationonanoverheadprojectorandinthemiddleofhistalk，thelightbulb(灯泡)ontheprojectorblewout.Wewouldhavetowaittenminutesuntilsomeonefoundanewprojector.“It’sOkay.”heannounced.“There’snothingtoworryabout.”Wewatchedhimwalkovertohisbagandpullsomethingout.Hehadbroughtalongasparebulbfortheoverheadprojector.Whocouldeventhinkofthat?Ioftentoldmystudents，“Whenyougointothewilderness，theonlythingyoucandependoniswhatyoutakewithyou.”Andessentially，thewildernessisanywherebutyourhomeoroffice.Sotakemoney.Packalightbulb.Beprepared.【文章大意】　本文是教育类小故事。作者在本文中讲述了自己七岁时和大学时发生的两个小故事，告诉读者：凡事都要做最好的准备。4．Whydidthecashieraskasevenyearoldboytopayforthepurchases?A．Theboywasshoppingbyhimself.B．Theboy’smotheraskedhertodoso.C．Thecashierwasplayingajokeonhim.D．Theboy’smotherwasawayforsomethingelse.C　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段的Ididn’trealizeshewasjusttryingtoamuseherself.可知，售货员在跟七岁的孩子开玩笑。故选C。5．Whywastheboyangrywithhismother?A．Hismotherlefthimalone.B．Helostfaceinfrontofthecashier.C．Hismotherforgottobuysomething.D．Hehadjustquarreledwiththecashier.B　解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四、五段的内容可知这个男孩是因为母亲没有给自己钱，而售货员要求付钱，他感到羞愧没有面子而生母亲的气。故选B。6．WhydidNormanbringasparebulbwithhim?A．Hewasalwayswellprepared.B．Hispresentationwasaboutbulbs.C．Heknewtheclassroomequipmentwasofpoorquality.D．Hepredictedthebulbontheprojectorwouldblowout.　A　解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三、四段的内容，特别是第一句I’vealwaysadmiredpeoplewhoareoverprepared.可知，Norman是总是做好最佳准备的人。故选A。12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。7．Whatdothetwostoriestellus?A．Accidentshappenalmosteveryday.B．Moneyisthekeythatopensalldoors.C．Infairweather，prepareforarainyday.D．Chancesfavorthosewhoarewellprepared.C　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段的Sotakemoney.Packalightbulb.Beprepared.可知作者提醒我们无论什么时候都要做好准备。故选C。A.事故几乎每天都会发生；B.金钱是万能钥匙；C.未雨绸缪，凡事都做好准备；D.机会只会垂青有准备的人。A、B、D三项都不符合题意。Ⅱ.七选五(2016·信阳市高三调研)FacingtheEnemiesWithinWearenotbornwithcourage，butneitherarewebornwithfear.Fears，eventhemostbasicones，cantotallydestroyourambitions.Fearcandestroyfortunes.Fearcandestroyrelationships.Fear，ifleftunchecked，candestroyourlives.Fearisoneofthemanyenemieslivinginsideus.1．________Thefirstenemywefaceisindecision(优柔寡断)．Indecisionisthethiefofopportunity.2.________Takeaswordtothisenemy.Thesecondenemyinsideisdoubt.3.________Butyoualsocan’tletdoubttakeover.Manypeopledoubtthepast，doubtthefuture，doubteachother，doubtthegovernment，doubtthepossibilitiesanddoubttheopportunities.Worstofall，theydoubtthemselves.I’mtellingyou，doubtwilldestroyyourlifeandyourchancesofsuccess.Itwillemptybothyourbankaccountandyourheart.4.________Dobattlewiththeenemy.Dobattlewithyourfears.5.________Becourageousinyourlifeandinyourpursuitofthethingsyouwantandthepersonyouwanttobecome.A．Sure，there’sroomforhealthydoubt.Youcan’tbelieveeverything.B．Doubtisanenemy.Goafterit.Getridofit.C．Somepeopledoubteverything.D．Belowarethewayswhichmightbeusefulforustoovercomeourfears.E．Buildyourcouragetofightwhat’sholdingyouback，what’skeepingyoufromyourgoalsanddreams.F．Itwillstealyourchancesforabetterfuture.G．Letmetellyouabouttwooftheotherenemieswefacefromwithin.答案：1～5.GFABE12 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。Ⅲ.语法填空(2016·佳木斯重点中学高三模拟)Everyonehashisownwayofsayingthingsandhisownspecialexpressions.ManyeverydayAmericanexpressionsarebased1.____________colors.Redisahotcolor.Americansoftenuse2.____________toexpressheat.Theymaysaytheyareredhotaboutsomethingunfair.Whentheyareredhottheyarevery3.____________(anger)aboutsomething.ThesmallhottastingpeppersfoundinmanyMexicanfoods4.____________(call)redhotsfortheircolorandtheirspicytaste.Fastloudmusicispopularwithmanypeople.Theymaysaythemusicisredhot，5.____________(especial)thekindcalledDixielandjazz.Pinkisa6.____________(light)kindofred.Peoplesometimessaytheyareinthepink7.____________theyareingoodhealth.TheexpressionwasfirstusedinAmericaatthebeginningofthe8.____________(twenty)century.Itprobablycomesfromthefactthatmanybabiesarebornwithanicepinkcolor9.____________showsthattheyareingoodhealth.Blueisacool.ThetraditionalbluesmusicintheUnitedStatesis10.____________oppositeofredhotmusic.Bluesisslow，sadandsoulful(深情的)．Someonewhoisblueisverysad.1．on　解析：bebasedon以……为基础；“很多美国的日常表达都以颜色为基础。”2．it　解析：it代替前文提到的red。“美国人常用红色表达热。”3．angry　解析：用形容词作表语；very是副词，修饰形容词。4．arecalled　解析：Thesmallhottastingpeppers与call之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。5．especially　解析：“尤其是被叫做Dixielandjazz的这种。”especially作状语，意为：尤其，特别。6．lighter　解析：“粉红色是比较浅一点的红色。”故用light的比较级形式。7．when　解析：此处为when引导的时间状语从句；“当他们健康的时候，有时候人们就说theyareinthepink。”8．twentieth　解析：此处意为：在20世纪初，用thetwentiethcentury。故应用序数词。9．that/which　解析：本句是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，并且先行词是color，表示“物”，所以用that/which。10．the　解析：此处的opposite用作名词，“相反”，此处表示特指。“美国传统的蓝调音乐与热辣音乐相反。”12