2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit1Womenofachievement单元学案（36页）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit1Womenofachievement单元学案（36页）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit 1 Women of achievement单元学案 课题 Women of achievement 重点、难点 condition behave worthwhile observe achieve inspire strike deliver devote…to… argue for look down upon/on care for be intended for ‎ 共勉：Deeds are fruits, words are but leaves. ‎ 高考瞭望 ‎1．“杰出人物”传记类文章可能会在完形填空、阅读理解或书面表达中考查，形式可以是介绍一位“名人”的不平凡事迹及精神，也可以要求考生给自己崇拜的偶像写一封短信，考查考生对人物的描述能力及客观评判能力。‎ ‎ 【预测】2010年高考在语篇材料中仍会涉及成功杰出人物的事迹及生平，平时复习时多注意此类文章的结构及命题思路。‎ ‎2．achieve为高考高频词汇。[2007天津，7]考查其动词搭配achieve the goal“实现目标”的用法。另外，在[2007山东，34]中作为干扰项出现，也考查动词搭配。在[2006江苏，27]中考查了该动词的现在完成时用法。命题角度主要有：‎ ‎ (1)achieve的搭配形式考查；(2)achieve作为动词干扰项与其他动词的区别；(3)考查其时态与语态。‎ ‎ 【预测】2010年高考中对achieve的考查将还是结合时态与语态，考查其搭配形式，命题题型有可能是单项填空和完形填空。‎ ‎3．refer to为多义词，[2005浙江，3]考查了其表示“参考、参阅”意思的用法。refer to作为最佳选项和干扰项的考查频率很高，结合的选项往往是deal with(处理)，focus on(聚焦于)，appeal to(吸引)等。‎ ‎【预测】2010年高考很可能考查其作后置定语的用法。‎ 课文再现 I．A PROTECTOR OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE Jane Goodall 1)____ ____ (study) the chimps for many years and helped people understand 2)____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____(他们的行为多么像人类). Nobody before has fully understood their 3) ____(behave).‎ ‎ Though she didn’t study at a university, he 4)____ ____ ____(决心) work with animals. When she arrived at Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman 5)____ ____ ____(生活在) the forest. Only after her mother came to help her 6)____ ____ ____ ____ ____(头几个月), 7)____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____(她才被允许开始) her project. She spent many years 8)____ ____ ____(观察和记录) their daily activities, and 9)____ ____ ____ ____(观察他们醒来)was her first activity of every day. one thing she discovered was 10)____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____(他们猎食肉). She also discovered how chimps 11)____ ____ ____ ____(彼此交流) and her study of their body language helped her 12)____ ____(制定出) their social system.‎ ‎ For forty years Jane 13)____ ____ ____ (help) the rest of the world 14)____ ____ ____(理解并尊重) the life of these animals. She has 15)____ ____(为……辩护) them to be left in the wild and not used for 16)____(entertain) or 17)____(advertise). She has 18)____ ____(建立) special places where they can live safely. Her life is very ‎ busy but she think it 19)____(值得的).‎ ‎ She has 20)____(实现) everything she wanted to do, and now she 21)____(鼓励) those who want to cheer the achievements of women. ‎ II．A GOOD EXAMPLE FOR ME As I sat down at the computer to 1)____ ____ _____ ____(做些……的研究) Lin Qiaozhi, I did not realise that my homework was 2)____ ____ ____ ____(改变我的人生).‎ ‎3)____ ____ ____(似乎是)Lin Qiaozhi had been very busy 4)____ ____ ____ ____(在她选择的事业中) travelling abroad to study and writing books and articles. One of them 5)____(引起) my eye. It was a small book 6)____(explain)how to cut the death rate from having and 7)____ ____(照料) babies by following some simple rules for 8)____ ____ ____ ____ _____(使婴儿保持清洁卫生). I 9)____ ____ ____(细细地看) the text and realised that it 10)____ ____ ____(打算为) women who lived in the countryside.‎ It 11)____(使……想起) me how difficult it was for a woman to get a medical training so long ago when women’s education 12)____ ____ ____ ____(总是放在第二位) to men’s. Further reading made me realise that 13)〈用强调句式〉____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____(就是苦干、决心和她的善良天性使她走进医学院). What made her succeed later on was her 14)____(kind) and 15)____(consider) she showed to all her patients. There was story after story of how she, tired after a day’s work, went late at night to 16)____ ____ ____(接生一个婴儿) for a poor family who could not pay her.‎ By now I 17)____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (迫不及待地想找出) more about her. I found that she had 18)____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (把她的整个一生献给) her patients and had chosen not to have a family 19)____ ____ ____(她自己的). By this time I was so excited. 20)____ ____ ____(为什么不学习)at medical collage and 21)____ ____(继续) her good work? It was still not too late to 22)____ ____(填写) the forms for the university entrance exam…‎ 基础回顾 I．单词 ‎1. condition ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1) The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.‎ ‎2) Our living and working conditions have been improved a lot in the past few years.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎1) be in/ out of good condition ________________ ‎ ‎2) on condition that/ under the condition that ______________ ‎ ‎3) on no condition _______________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1)All the goods we ordered have arrived _____.‎ A.in good condition B. in a good condition C. on good condition D. on a good condition ‎2) He promised to help me _____ I allowed him _____ computer games.‎ A. on condition that; to play B. on condition if; to play C. on condition that; play D. on condition that; playing ‎3) He is overweight and __________ __________ __________(健康不佳).‎ ‎4) They agreed ______ ______ _______(如果) the matter was dealt with quickly.‎ ‎2. behave n. 行为，举止 ________________‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1) The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.‎ ‎2) He behaved with great courage in the battle.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【拓展】behave oneself ________________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ 完成句子 ‎1)The little boy ______________ (表现) with great courage in face of the thief.‎ ‎2) How do you account for your ____________(行为) on that night?‎ ‎3. worthwhile ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1) I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.‎ ‎2) The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.‎ ‎3) It is worthwhile to read the book.(√)‎ It is worthwhile reading the book.(√)‎ Reading the book is worthwhile.(√)‎ The book is worthwhile reading.(×)‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【辨析】worth与worthy be worth doing = be worthy of ____________或=be worthy to ______________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ 用worth, worthy和worthwhile填空 ‎1)The necklace Mathilde borrowed from her friend was __________ 350 francs at the most.‎ ‎2)Qingdao is a most beautiful city and it is ____________ of a visit.‎ ‎3)The trip was expensive but it was ____________ every penny.‎ ‎4) The idea is ______________ of being considered.‎ ‎5) It is ____________ to visit the museum.‎ ‎4. observe n. 观察者_____________ n.天文台；气象台______________ n. 观察；观测 ‎_____________‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1) I observed them enter/entering the shop. →(被动语态)‎ They were observed ‎ ‎2) The boy observed what was going on between Tom and his sister.‎ ‎3) We should strictly observe the discipline.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) 我从未看到过他做早操。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2) 我们必须遵守交通规则。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5. achieve adj. 能完成的；能达到的___________ n. 成就；功绩_____________‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1) He had finally achieved success.‎ ‎2) By hard working we can achieve anything.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【常见搭配】‎ 获得成功 ______________ 达到目的 ______________________ ‎ 得到好的结果 _____________ 实现某人的目标 ___________________‎ ‎【拓展】‎ 后缀-ment附在动词或动词词根后构成名词，类似的词还有：‎ entertain n.________ move n._________ equip n. _________ judge n. __________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) At last, she _____ her purpose.‎ A. reached B. won C. gained D. achieved ‎2) Stephen Hawking is one example of many disabled people _____ success in their chosen field of work.‎ A. have achieved B. have completed C. who have achieved D. who have completed ‎3) Let’s cheer for _________ ___________(他取得的成就).‎ ‎4) He hopes to __________ ___________ ___________(实现他的目标) soon.‎ ‎6. inspire n. 灵感；启发 ______________ ‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1) We are all inspired by the heroic deeds of Dr. Bethune.‎ ‎2) He inspired me to try again.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【辨析】inspiring 和inspired inspiring adj.意为____________; inspired adj.意为 ______________‎ 动词加-ing 的形容词有__________或______________的含义；‎ 动词加-ed的形容词有_____________或_____________的含义。‎ 如：The students were all _____________ by the ________________song.‎ 学生们都被这首振奋人心的歌曲所鼓舞。‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1）落叶触动了她的伤感。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2）我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7. strike n. 罢工者，打击者____________ adj.惹人注目的，打击的_____________‎ strike的过去式是_________，过去分词是________或________,现在分词是_________。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ n. 1) The union leaders called on a strike.‎ vt. 2) I struck a match and held it to his cigarette.‎ ‎3) An idea suddenly struck me.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【辨析】作“打，击”讲时，strik和beat，hit的区别：‎ beat指_____________________________； hit侧重指______________________________； strike常指_________________________________。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ 在罢工 _______________________ 举行罢工 ‎ 向……打击 ___________________ 被……打动/受……（疾病）侵袭____________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) What _____ her most was how quiet and gentle he was.‎ A. beat B. hit C. knocked D. struck ‎2) When I got home, I found the door open; A terrible thought suddenly _____ me —had anyone broken into the house?‎ A. beat B. knocked C. attacked D. struck ‎8. deliver n. 投递；发送；分娩 _____‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1) Newspapers are delivered every day.‎ ‎2) The professor delivered a lecture to us yesterday.‎ ‎3) She was delivered of a healthy boy.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【拓展】 ‎ 从……中解救某人 _________________ 生孩子 _____________________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) We can _____ goods to your door. ‎ A.pass B.give C.deliver D.release ‎2) The headmaster will have the opening speech _____ by a student.‎ A. deliver B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver II．短语 ‎1. devote…to…‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1) He devoted all his life to the cause of education. ‎ ‎2) The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance. ‎ ‎3) After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【拓展】在动词短语中，to为介词的类似短语还有：‎ 期待_______________________ 注意____________________________‎ 习惯于______________________ 导致____________________________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ____ some schools for poor children. ‎ ‎ A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up ‎ ‎2) The time he has devoted in the past years _____ the disabled is now considered _____ of great value.‎ A. to help; being B. to helping; to be C. to help; to be D. helping; being ‎2. argue for n. 争论；争端_______________‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1) It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.‎ ‎2) The workers argued for the right to strike.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【拓展】‎ 就某事和某人争论_________________ 据理反对；争辩_____________________‎ 解决争端____________________ 说服某人做/不做某事_________________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1)We _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______(总是彼此争论) about money. ‎ ‎2) The lawer___________ __________ (为……辩护) the poor man.‎ ‎3. look down upon/on ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1) I hope you don’t look down upon/on this kind of work.‎ ‎2) He looks down upon people who haven’t been to college.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【拓展】‎ 照料;照看_________________ 调查；注视……的内部_________________‎ 旁观;观望_________________ 浏览；检查 ________________________ ‎ 查找……__________________ 尊敬________________________________ ‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) Don’t _____ a person only because he has failed in an examination.‎ A. look up B. look down C. look down on D. look up to ‎2) Don’t _____ the role women can play.‎ A.look into B. look down upon C. look through D. look forward to ‎4.refer to ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1)You may refer to your notes if you want.‎ ‎2)The problem has been referred to the UN.‎ ‎3)I’ll refer to this point again.‎ ‎【归纳总结】 ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【拓展】‎ 把……称为……________________ 依赖，求助于…… ‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1)I don’t know the word.I had to a dictionary.‎ A.look up B.refer to C.go over D.make for ‎2)I insisted that the thief to be put into prison.‎ A.refers B.referred C.referring D.be referred ‎3)He the dictionary (把……称为……)his teacher.‎ ‎5. care for ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1)His son cared for him when he was ill.‎ ‎2) In fact, I don’t really care for basketball.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【拓展】介意；在乎________________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ 单项选择 ‎1) I can hardly get interested in anything about music, so I don’t _____jazz. ‎ A. agree with B. care for C. keep up with D. care about ‎2) —Would you _____ a cup of coffee?‎ ‎ —No, thanks.‎ A. care for B. care about C. care of D. take care of ‎6. be intended for ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎ 1) This gift is intended for you.‎ ‎ 2) I intend coming / to come back soon.‎ ‎ 3) He hadn’t really intended that they should be there. ‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【拓展】‎ 为……而准备___________________ 打算使……成为……___________________ ‎ 打算干某事_____________________ 打算让某人干某事_____________________‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) The flowers_____ my mother, but my sister thought they were for her and took them.‎ A. were intended for B. intended for C. intended to give D. intended giving ‎2) Youger people shouldn’t do exercise _____for 18-year-olds.‎ A. used B. intended C. made D. described III．句式 ‎1. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.(P2)‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1) Only in the zoo can we see the chimps now.‎ ‎2) Only by then did I realize that I had made a big mistake.‎ ‎3) Only they can finish the task.‎ ‎【归纳总结】 ‎ 课文原句和例句1、2都是_________。由此我们可知：only位于句首修饰_____时，主句用_____结构。课文原句正常语序的陈述句应当是____________________________________。从例句3这句话我们可知：only放在句首，强调________时不用倒装。‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) Only when I left my parents for Italy _____how much I loved them.(2008 重庆卷)‎ A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize ‎2) Only when your identity has been checked, _____.‎ A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in ‎ ‎2. it was hard work and determination as well as her good nature that had got her into medical school.(P6)‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1) I’m going to meet my friend at the airport tomorrow.→ ‎ It is I who/that am going to meet my friend at the airport tomorrow.(强调主语) ‎ It is my friend who/that I’m going to meet at the airport tomorrow.(强调宾语) ‎ It is at the airport that I’m going to meet my friend tomorrow.(强调地点状语) ‎ It is tomorrow that I’m going to meet my friend at the airport.(强调时间状语) ‎ ‎2)When is it that we’ll hold a meeting?‎ ‎3)I didn’t finish the book until yesterday. →（改为强调句）‎ It was not until yesterday that I finished the book.‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎1、课文原句是一个以it was that...开头的强调句，被强调的部分是____________________，该部分在句子中作_____。‎ ‎2、在强调句型中，能够被强调的句子成分除主语外，还可以是_____、_____等，不能用来强调谓语动词。当被强调部分为sb.，且在句中作主语时，可用_____，也可用_____，其它情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语人称与数保持一致。‎ ‎3、如果强调疑问词，应该把_____放在句首，再加上一般疑问句，其强调结构是______________________________________。‎ ‎4、not...until...句式的强调句形式为_______________________________。‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1)—Where did you get to know her? ‎ ‎—It was on the farm ______ we worked. (山东卷)‎ A. that B. there C. which D. where ‎ ‎2) David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature ______ he chose the course. (上海卷)‎ A. that B. what C. why D. how ‎3) It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance. (重庆卷)‎ A. which B. it C. that D. this ‎ ‎4) I don’t mind her criticizing me, but ______ is how she does it that I object to. (江西卷)‎ A. it B. that C. this D. which 当堂检测 Ⅰ.请根据首字母或中文注释用单词的正确形式填空 (共10小题；每题1分，满分10分) ‎ ‎1. The teacher said that he would take the request of the students into c_____.‎ ‎2. The mailman d_____ the mail twice a day in this area.‎ ‎3. We get much knowledge about wildlife protection from a s_____ who has been studying animals for years.‎ ‎4. She is proud of her children’s good b_____ which she taught them herself.‎ ‎5. Our government tried its best to lower the death r_____ of babies.‎ ‎6. This_____(组织) aims at helping the poor children go to school.‎ ‎7. Next month we will carry out this_____ (项目). ‎ ‎8. The director had an impressive_____(童年) which he made a film based on.‎ ‎9. You should use this window only in an _____ (紧急情况).‎ ‎10. I think this dream will come true in the coming _____(一代).‎ Ⅱ.请用下面方框中所给的短语的正确形式填空 (共10小题；每题1分，满分10分) ‎ Crowd in; concern oneself with; refer to; move off; carry on; look down upon; fight for; by chance; come across; devote to ‎1. Human beings have been_____ a peaceful world for a long time.‎ ‎2. I_____ an old friend whom I hadn’t seen for nearly five years in the street this morning.‎ ‎3. More and more people are_____ environmental problems.‎ ‎4. When Liu Xiang_____, his fans were still waiting there as if he would come back.‎ ‎5. With so much noise around us, I found it hard to_____ a conversation.‎ ‎6. It’s wrong to_____ the disabled. Believe it or not, they can do many things you can’t do.‎ ‎7. After the war, the scientist_____ all his time_____ his studies.‎ ‎8. The speaker_____ his latest book again and again during the speech.‎ ‎9. He did not do that on purpose but_____, so don’t be angry.‎ ‎10. Many thoughts_____ on me but I don’t know how to express them.‎ Ⅲ. 仿照文中的句子结构将给出的汉语翻译成英文 (共5小题；每题2分，满分10分) ‎ ‎1.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.‎ ‎_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______(只有用这种方法我们才能) learn English well.‎ ‎2.Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.‎ ‎_____ _____ _____ _____ _____(正是那个警察) helped the lost boy come back home.‎ ‎3.I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.‎ This book ______ _____ ______(是打算给) the senior middle school students next term.‎ ‎4.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to ‎ all her patients.‎ ‎_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______(学习英语最要紧的) is enough practice.‎ ‎5.Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?‎ ‎______ ______ ______ ______ ______ _______(为什么不去寻求别人的帮助) to make the experiment carried on successfully?‎ Ⅳ. 请根据汉语意思及所给提示翻译下列句子 (共5小题；每题2分，满分10分) ‎ ‎1.这个位于市区的博物馆值得参观。（worthwhile）‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.今天早上我跟姐姐争论去看哪部电影。（argue）‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3.为了还清债务，这对年轻的夫妇过着艰难的生活。（lead a/ an… life）‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4.这本书仅供我校学生阅读。（intend）‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5.他的报告指出了被污染的水和疾病的联系。（connection）‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ Ⅴ. 找出并改正以下句子中的错误。(共5小题；每题1分，满分5分)‎ ‎1. To help them means to help yourself.‎ ‎2. It is worth to discuss the question again.‎ ‎3. The audience was all moved to tears by the performance of the blind.‎ ‎4. To my surprise, I came across with Zhai Zhigang, an astronaut in the street yesterday.‎ ‎5. Mrs Wang delivered of a girl yesterday afternoon. Shall we go to see her and her baby tonight? ‎ Ⅵ. 语法巩固专练 (共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)‎ A．单项选择 ‎1. Linda works hard, and ____.‎ A. so does her brother B. so did her brother C. her brother do so D. her brother did so ‎ ‎2. The teacher and writer ____ from America.‎ A. are B. were C. is D. come ‎3. More than a month ____ since the foreign friends met her.‎ A. has passed B. have passed C. has past D. have past ‎4. The mother with her little son ____ at my home ____ that snowy night. ‎ A. were; at B. was; at C. were; on D. was; on ‎5. There're lots of English books, and ____ of them is easy to understand. ‎ A. both B. all C. each D. every ‎ B．句子改错 ‎6. The news are for my mother. ‎ ‎7. The old is taken good care of in China. ‎ ‎8. Either Jim or Sam are going to help us this afternoon. ‎ ‎9.Ten minutes are enough for me to finish the task. ‎ ‎10. None of the work have been finished.‎ C．用所给动词的适当形式填空 ‎11. Neither of us _____(dare) to climb the tall tree.‎ ‎12. Every door and every window _____ (be) to be cleaned.‎ ‎13. The Englishmen _____(1ike)to talk about weather.‎ ‎14. This pair of shoes _____ (be) too old.‎ ‎15. The whole class ______ (be) 1istening to me carefully.‎ Book 4 Unit 1 Women of achievement 课文再现 I．1)has studied 2)how much they behave like humans 3)behaviour 4)was determined to 5)to live in 6)for the first few months 7)was she allowed to begin 8) observing and recording 9)watching them wake up 10)that they hunt and eat meat 11)communicate with each other 12)work out 13)has been helping 14)understand and respect 15)argued for 16)entertainment 17)advertisements 18)set up 19)worthwhile 20)achieved 21)inspires II．1) do some research on 2) to change my life 3) It seemed that 4) in her chosen career 5) caught 6) explaining 7) caring for 8) keeping babies clean and healthy 9) looked carefully at 10) was intended for 11) struck 12) was always placed second 13) it was hard work and determination as well as her good nature that had got her into medical school 14) kindness 15) consideration 16) deliver a baby 17) couldn’t wait to find out 18) devoted her whole life to 19) of her own 20) Why not study 21) carry on 22) fill in 基础回顾 I．单词 ‎1.【归纳总结】condition意为“状态，状况”时，是不可数名词；意为“环境,境况,条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions。‎ ‎【拓展】1)状况良好/不佳 2)如果，在……条件下3)绝不，在任何情况下都不 ‎【巩固运用】1) A 2)A 3) out of good condition 4) on condition that ‎2. behaviour ‎【归纳总结】behave vi & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现”，如behave well / badly等。‎ ‎【拓展】举止好；举止规矩 ‎【巩固运用】1. behaved 2.behaviour ‎ ‎3.【归纳总结】worthwhile adj.意为“值得做的；值得出力的”，可作定语、表语或宾补。It is worthwhile 后面可跟to do / doing sth表示“值得做……”。‎ ‎【词语辨析】be worthy of being done或=be worthy to be done ‎【巩固运用】1) worth 2) worthy 3) worth 4) worthy 5) worthwhile ‎4. observer; observatory; observation ‎ ‎【归纳总结】observe vt. 意为“观察；观测”，可用于observe+宾语+宾语补足语（不带to的不定式/动词的-ing形式），若observe sb.do sth变为被动语态时要带to的不定式。或observe + that从句。Observe也可意为“遵守”。‎ ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) I have never observed him do morning exercises.‎ ‎2) We must observe the rules of the road.‎ ‎5. achievable; achievement ‎【归纳总结】achieve vt. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。‎ ‎【常见搭配】achieve success achieve one’s purpose achieve a good result achieve one’s goal/aim ‎ ‎【拓展】entertainment, movement, equipment, judg(e)ment ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1) D 2) C 3) his achievement 4) achieve his aim/goal ‎6. inspiration ‎【归纳总结】inspire vt. 意为“鼓舞；激发；启示”，后+宾语或+宾语+宾语补足语。‎ ‎【词语辨析】inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；inspired adj.人受到鼓舞的。‎ 动词加-ing 的形容词有主动或进行的含义；动词加-ed的形容词有被动或已完成的含义。inspired; inspiring ‎ ‎【巩固运用】1) The falling leaves inspired her with sadness.‎ ‎2) I was inspired to work harder than ever before.‎ ‎7. striker n. 罢工者；打击者；striking adj.惹人注目的；打击的；strike的过去式是struck，过去分词是struck或stricken，现在分词是striking。‎ ‎【归纳总结】strike n. 意为“罢工，袭击”；vt. 意为“打，敲，划火柴；突然想起，给人留下印象”。‎ ‎【词语辨析】beat指用棍、棒等连续打，击；hit侧重指“击中”（仅只一次的击）；strike常指“猛地一击”。‎ ‎【拓展】 be on strike; go on strike; strike at; be struck with ‎【巩固运用】1)D 2)D ‎8. delivery ‎【归纳总结】deliver vt. 意为“递送；生（小孩）；发表（演说等）”。 ‎【拓展】deliver sb. from; be delivered of a child ‎ ‎【巩固运用】1)C 2)B II．短语 ‎1.【归纳总结】devote … to … 意为“献身；致力于”，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。devote宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。‎ ‎【拓展】look forward to; pay attention to; be/get used to; lead to ‎【巩固运用】1)B 2)B ‎2. argument 【归纳总结】argue作动词时，意为“争论；争吵；争辩”。argue for意为“为……辩护”。 ‎ ‎【拓展】argue with sb about / over sth; argue against; ‎ settle an argument; argue sb. into/out of sth.‎ ‎【巩固运用】1) are always arguing with each other; 2）argued for ‎ ‎3.【归纳总结】look down upon/on 看不起，轻视 ‎【拓展】look after; look into; look on; look through; look up; look up to ‎ ‎【巩固运用】1) C 2)B ‎4.【归纳总结】refer to意为“查阅，参考；涉及，提到”；也可以表达为refer…to…意为“把……提交为……”。‎ ‎【拓展】refer to…as…;refer oneself to ‎【巩固运用】1) B 2)B 3)refer to…as…‎ ‎5.【归纳总结】care for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照顾；照料”，且较正式；也可表示“喜欢”的意思。‎ ‎【拓展】care about ‎【巩固运用】1) B 2)A ‎6.【归纳总结】intend v. 意为“打算；计划；想要”，可以接动词-ing/to do形式或that从句。be intend for表示“打算给某人；准备……”。‎ ‎【拓展】be intended for; be intended as; intend to do/doing; intend sb. to do ‎【巩固运用】1)A 2)B III．句式 ‎1.【归纳总结】倒装句。only位于句首修饰状语时，主句用倒装结构。正常语序的陈述句应当是She was allowed to begin her project after her mother came to help her for the first few months.强调主语时不用倒装。‎ ‎【巩固运用】1)D 2)D ‎2.【归纳总结】1、hard work and determination as well as her good nature，该部分在句子中作主语。2、宾语、状语；可用who，也可用that；3、疑问词；疑问词+is (was) it that...? 4、It wasn’t until...that... ‎【巩固运用】‎ ‎1)D2)A3)C4)A 当堂检测 Ⅰ1.consideration 2.delivers 3.specialist 4.behaviour 5.rate 6.organization 7.project 8.childhood ‎9.emergency 10.generation Ⅱ 1.fighting for2.came across 3.concerning themselves with 4.had moved off 5.carry on 6.look down upon 7.devoted…to 8.referred to 9.by chance 10.crowd in Ⅲ 1.Only in this way can we 2.It was the policeman that 3.is intended for 4.What matters most in English learning 5. Why not ask for others’s help Ⅳ 1. It is worthwhile to visit this museum in the urban area. 2. I argued with my sister about/ over which film to see this morning. 3. In order to pay off the debts, the young couple lead a hard life. 4. The book is intended for the students in our school only. 5. His report showed the connection between the polluted water and the disease.‎ Ⅴ1. to help→helping 2. worth→ worthwhile 3. was→ were 4. 去掉with 5. delivered前加was Ⅵ 1-5 ACADC 6. are→is 7. is→are 8. are→is 9. are→is 10. have→has 11.dares 12.is 13.1ike 14.i Period Two　Learning about Language 主谓一致 在英语中，句子的谓语动词要与主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。一般来说，主谓一致要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。‎ 一、语法一致原则 即在语法形式上保持一致，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的形式决定。‎ ‎1．单数名词、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。‎ To start smoking is quite easy，but to give it up needs courage.开始吸烟很容易，但是戒烟却需要勇气。‎ Reading aloud is very important in learning English.‎ 学习英语时大声朗读非常重要。‎ Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.‎ 我们是否去取决于天气。‎ 注意　在what引导的主语从句中，如果表语是复数时，谓谓动词用复数形式。‎ What we need are good teachers.‎ 我们需要的是好老师。‎ What I bought were three English books.‎ 我买的是三本英语书。‎ ‎2．复数名词，用and或both...and连接的名词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。‎ Swimming and walking are good exercise.‎ 游泳和散步都是有益的活动。‎ Both his mother and his father have gone there.‎ 他父母二人都去那了。‎ 注意　(1)由and连接的两个词指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时，谓语用单数。‎ The bread and butter is served for breakfast.‎ 早餐供应黄油面包。‎ The professor and poet is going to give us a talk.‎ 那位教授兼诗人要给我们作个报告。‎ ‎(2)凡是由each...and each...，every...and every...，no...and no...，many a．..and many a．..连接名词作主语时，谓语用单数。‎ Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company.‎ 在我们公司每个人都有机会得到提拔。‎ Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。‎ Many a boy and many a girl has seen it.‎ 许许多多的男孩和女孩都已看到它了。‎ ‎(3)复数主语与each连用时，不受each的影响，谓语动词仍用复数形式。‎ The old workers and the young each have their own tools.‎ 每一位年老的和年轻的工人都有自己的工具。‎ ‎3．主语＋介词(短语)：with，except，as well as，no less than，rather than，more ‎ than，over，besides，together with，like，including，in addition to等连接的是名词时，谓语以介词(短语)前的主语为准，不受介词后的名词的影响。‎ My mother，as well as my father，has a key to the office.‎ 不仅我的父亲，我母亲也有办公室的钥匙。‎ The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV.‎ 这个人和他的妻子、孩子坐在那儿看电视。‎ ‎4．不定代词either，each，one，another，anyone，anybody，no one，nobody，someone，somebody，anything，nothing，something，everything，everyone，everybody，neither等作主语时，谓语用单数；none作主语时，谓语单、复数均可。‎ Neither likes the friends of the other.‎ 两个人都不喜欢对方的朋友们。‎ Nothing in the world moves faster than light.‎ 世界上没有什么东西比光传播得更快。‎ Either of the shirts fits me very well.‎ 这两件衬衣我穿都非常合身。‎ None of the students has/have passed the exam.‎ 没有学生能通过这次考试。‎ ‎5．当“a pair of/a form of/a type of/a kind of/one of/a portion of/a series of/a species of/a chain of＋名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。但如果这些表示量的名词变为复数时，谓语动词也要用复数。‎ This pair of trousers fits you.‎ 这条裤子适合你。‎ This kind of apple tastes delicious.‎ 这种苹果吃起来很可口。‎ A series of prerecorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use.‎ 一系列预先录制的磁带已经准备好了供语言实验室使用。‎ ‎6．“plenty of/half of/a lot of/lots of/heaps of/loads of/all of/most of/some of/the rest of/percent of/two thirds of＋名词”，“the majority of＋名词”，“none of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数视名词的单复数形式而定。‎ The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.‎ 大多数医生都认为吸烟有害健康。‎ Half of the buildings have been painted completely.‎ 这些楼有一半已完全粉刷。‎ Don’t worry！There is plenty of time.‎ 不要担心！时间很充裕。‎ There are plenty of eggs in the box.‎ 箱子中有足够的鸡蛋。‎ ‎7．many a/an＋名词或more than one＋名词作主语时，谓语用单数。‎ More than one student has passed the examination.‎ 不止一个学生通过了考试。‎ Many a child learns to swim before he can read.‎ 许多孩子在会读书之前就学游泳了。‎ ‎8．由“quantities of或amounts of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；而由“a quantity ‎ of或an amount of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词要根据名词的单复数形式而定。‎ Great quantities of milk are needed in this city.‎ 这座城市需要大量的牛奶。‎ Large quantities of food were wasted.‎ 大量的食物被浪费掉了。‎ ‎9．在定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。‎ People who study the earthquake think that there will be another big one soon.‎ 研究地震的人认为不久还会有一次大的地震。‎ The horse which is tied to the tree belongs to John.‎ 拴在树上的那匹马是约翰的。‎ 注意　在“one of＋复数名词＋who/which/that引导的定语从句”中，若关系代词在定语从句中充当主语，谓语动词常用复数；若one前有the(only/very/right)修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。‎ She is one of the engineers who are experts in German.‎ 她是精通德语的工程师中的一个。‎ He was the only one of the boys who was given a prize.‎ 他是这些孩子中惟一得奖的一个。‎ 二、意义一致原则 即谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义而不是形式所决定。‎ ‎1．有些集合名词，如crowd，family，team，orchestra(管弦乐队)，group，government，committee，class，school，union，firm，staff，public等作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据其包含的意义而定。如果把它们作为一个集体单位时，谓语动词用单数形式，如就其中的各个成员来说，则谓语动词用复数形式。‎ The crowd are gone.群众都散了。‎ His family are very well.他的家人非常健康。‎ ‎2．有的名词如police，cattle，people，clothes，trousers等没有单数形式，作主语时，谓语只能用复数；而有的名词则是单、复数形式相同，如sheep，aircraft，means等，作主语时，就必须根据意思来确定其谓语的单、复数形式。‎ Shortly after the accident，the police were sent to keep order.‎ 事故发生不久，警察就被派去维持秩序。‎ Cattle were allowed to graze in this area.‎ 允许牲畜在这个地区吃草。‎ One day this white sheep was lost.‎ 有一天，这只白绵羊丢了。‎ ‎3．当maths(mathematics)，politics，physics等学科名词作主语时，谓语用单数；但前有物主代词修饰，指某人的某方面知识时，谓语用复数。‎ Politics is a complicated subject.‎ 政治是一门复杂的学科。‎ His politics are very radical.‎ 他的政治观点很激进。‎ ‎4．用作书名、剧名、报名、国名、地区名称的复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。‎ The Arabian Nights is a very interesting book.‎ ‎《天方夜谭》是一本很有趣的书。‎ The United States is a developed country.‎ 美国是一个发达国家。‎ ‎5．the＋形容词作主语时，如表示的是一类人，谓语动词用复数形式；如果指的是单个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ The blind are taught trades in special schools.‎ 盲人在专门学校中学习手艺。‎ The sick is one of the students in our class.‎ 那位病人是我们班的一个学生。‎ ‎6．表示时间、距离、价格等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。‎ Ten years isn’t a long time.10年并不长。‎ Five thousand kilometres is a long distance.‎ ‎5 000公里是一段很长的距离。‎ 三、就近原则 即谓语动词的数由离它最近的主语而定。‎ ‎1．由连词or，neither...nor，either...or，not only...(but) also，nor等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数形式按就近原则，与靠近它的主语一致。‎ He or you have taken my pen.‎ 要么是他，要么是你拿走了我的钢笔。‎ Either you or he is not telling the truth.‎ 要么是你，要么是他没有说实话。‎ Not only he but also his brothers have been to the USA.‎ 不但是他而且还有他的哥哥们已经去过美国了。‎ ‎2．在there be结构与here引起的倒装句中，如果主语不止一个，谓语动词的单复数形式一般与最临近的一个主语保持一致。‎ There is a desk and four benches in the office.‎ 办公室中有一张桌子和四张长凳。‎ There are two chairs and a desk in the office.‎ 办公室中有两把椅子和一张桌子。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Communication between people who speak different languages is difficult.‎ ‎2．The scientist has been making an exact observation of that star.‎ ‎3．They are striking(罢工)for better working conditions.‎ ‎4．How do you account for your behaviour(行为)on that night?‎ ‎5．I found the afternoon’s entertainment(娱乐表演)rather silly and would have preferred to do something more interesting.‎ ‎6．We all respect him for his honesty.‎ ‎7．She has achieved everything she wanted.‎ ‎8．The reason for their strike was their poor living conditions(条件)．‎ ‎9．He knew what he was doing but it was worthwhile(值得的)．‎ ‎10．It is usual for people to argue about the price of a new car.‎ Ⅱ.从括号中选出适当的动词填空(有必要时可选两个)‎ ‎1．Where is (is，are) that five dollars I lent you?‎ ‎2．The number of the students in that school has (has，have) greatly increased in recent years.‎ ‎3．A number of students in our class have (has，have) seen the film.‎ ‎4．No news is (is，are) good news.‎ ‎5．Ten weeks has (has，have) passed since the new term began.‎ ‎6．Five and eight is/are (is，are) thirteen.‎ ‎7．Few of his family really understand (understands，understand) him.‎ ‎8．Many a student enjoys (enjoys，enjoy) pop music.‎ ‎9．Every man and woman was (was，were) invited to the party.‎ ‎10．The rest of the lecture was (was，were) not interesting.‎ ‎11．After the exam there is (is，are) a lot of time for us to relax.‎ ‎12．Here come (comes，come) three naughty boys from next door.‎ ‎13．None of this milk is (is，are) sour(酸的)．‎ Ⅲ.用所给动词的适当形式填空 ‎1．A library with five thousand books has_been_offered (offer)to the nation as a gift.‎ ‎2．Statistics is (be) his most difficult subject and they are all worried that he won’t pass the test.‎ ‎3．What we need are (be) good textbooks.‎ ‎4．The Olympic Games are (be) held every four years.‎ ‎5．Outside the school stand (stand) crowds of students，too anxious to know the results of the exam.‎ ‎6．No bird and no beast is_seen (see) on the lonely island.‎ ‎7．The New York Times was (be) first published in the early 1860s.‎ ‎8．Many people say 1,000 dollars is (be) a lot of money.‎ ‎9．I，who am (be) your teacher，will try my best to help you with your study.‎ ‎10．The public is (be) the best judge because the public always express (express) their thoughts correctly.‎ ‎11．Zhang Hua together with Wu Ming has_gone (go) shopping already.‎ ‎12．None of the books are/is (be) easy enough for us.‎ ‎13．Ten dollars was (be) what he wanted most at that moment.‎ ‎14．Canada is the only one of the countries that has (have) good supply of fresh water.‎ ‎15．The rich are (be) not always happy.‎ Ⅳ.翻译句子 ‎1．每个老师和学生都发了一张票。‎ Each_teacher_and_each_student_was_given_a_ticket.‎ ‎2．除了他的支持者外，没有人同意他的意见。‎ No_one_except_his_supporters_agrees_with_him.‎ ‎3．地球表面的四分之三是水。‎ Threefourths_of_the_earth’s_surface_is_water.‎ ‎4．那位农民作家正在会议室里演讲。‎ The_peasant_and_writer_is_making_a_speech_in_the_meeting_room.‎ ‎5．如何解决这个问题要在会上讨论。‎ How_to_solve_the_problem_is_to_be_discussed_at_the_meeting.‎ ‎6．两个小时对我们来说足够了。‎ Two_hours_is_enough_for_us.‎ Ⅴ.单项填空　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．Nobody but Jane ________ the secret.‎ A．know B．knows C．have known D．is known 答案　B ‎2．All but one ________ here just now.‎ A．is B．was C．has been D．were 答案　D ‎3．Not only I but also Jane and Mary ________ tired of having one examination after another.‎ A．is B．are C．am D．be 答案　B ‎4．When and where to build the new factory ________ yet.‎ A．is not decided B．are not decided C．has not decided D．have not decided 答案　A ‎5．The number of people invited ________ fifty，but a number of them ________ absent for different reasons.‎ A．were；was B．was；was C．was；were D．were；were 答案　C ‎6．________ of the land in that district ________ covered with trees and grass.‎ A．Two fifth；is B．Two fifth；are C．Two fifths；is D．Two fifths；are 答案　C ‎7．This is one of the most interesting questions that ________ asked.‎ A．have B．has C．have been D．has been 答案　C ‎8．Between the two rows of trees ________ the teaching building.‎ A．stand B．stands C．standing D．are 答案　B ‎9．All that can be done ________.‎ A．has been done B．has done C．have done D．were done 答案　A ‎10．Each of you ________ responsible for the accident.‎ A．are B．is C．am D．be 答案　B ‎11．________ to finish quickly.‎ A．No every student wants B．No every student want C．Not every student wants D．Not every student want 答案　C ‎12．You and I ________ of the same age.‎ A．am B．are C．be D．is 答案　B ‎13．The manager or his assistant ________ planning to go.‎ A．was B．were C．be D．will 答案　A ‎14．Either your teacher or you ________ mistaken.‎ A．are B．is C．has D．be 答案　A ‎15．Not only I but also Tom and Mary ________ fond of watching TV.‎ A．am B．is C．are D．be 答案　C ‎16．That country ________ good wine.‎ A．is famous for their B．are famous for their C．have been famous for its D．is famous for its 答案　D ‎17．Every means ________ been tried since then.‎ A．has B．have C．are D．is 答案　A ‎18．The number of articles published on cancer ________ amazing.‎ A．are B．is C．have been D．be 答案　B ‎19．The office staff ________ gathering to hear the president speak.‎ A．is B．are C．be D．will 答案　B Ⅵ.阅读理解 Does the Yangtze River still have baiji(白鳍豚)，the graceful(优雅的)，grey dolphin with tiny eyes and a long narrow beak?‎ Since November 6，a team of scientists from China，Switzerland，the United Kingdom，the United States，Germany and Japan have been searching for any sign of the freshwater dolphin on the middle and lower sections of the river.After six weeks，they came back emptyhanded.‎ Wang Ding，of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，who is the head of the team，said he had seen a sharp decline in the baiji population over the past few decades.However，he is still unwilling to call the species(物种) extinct，and adds，“We will try every effort to save them as long as they are not found to be extinct.”‎ The baiji is shy and nearly blind(瞎的) and is one of the world’s oldest dolphin species.It dates back to some 20 million years ago and is found only in the Yangtze.It’s listed as one of the 12 most endangered animal species in the world.‎ Around 400 baiji were believed to be living in the Yangtze until the 1980s.A 1997 survey spotted 13.Two years later their numbers were down to two.‎ The rapid disappearance of this dolphin over，the past two decades coincided with the rapid expansion of economic development along the river.Research on some dead baiji collected in recent years showed that more than 90 percent of the deaths were caused by human activities.‎ One reason is that overfishing has cut the dolphin’s food sources.Dams built along the river and neighbouring waterways have also kept them from swimming into and out of their habitats(居住地)．Meanwhile，waste discharge(排放) has seriously polluted the river.And heavy river traffic has greatly reduced their living space.‎ The disappearance of the baiji would be the first instance of a large aquatic(水生的) mammal(哺乳动物) being driven to extinction since hunting killed off the monk seal(僧海豹) around 1952.‎ ‎1．The team of scientists didn’t find any sign of baiji because ________.‎ A．they didn’t have the right equipment B．they had searched the wrong places C．there may no longer be baiji in the river D．they hadn’t searched long enough and were impatient 答案　C 解析　本题考查推理判断。第一段对长江中是否存在白鳍豚提出了质疑，第三段提到几十年来白鳍豚的数量急剧下降，再结合第五段的内容可判断此项正确。‎ ‎2．Wang Ding is still unwilling to call the species extinct because ________.‎ A．there isn’t enough evidence to prove baiji are extinct B．he is a Chinese expert and doesn’t want to accept the fact C．he doesn’t want foreign scientists to laugh at him D．it is certain that baiji are not extinct 答案　A 解析　本题考查细节理解。根据第三段末他所说的那句话可判断此项正确。文章中没有提到白鳍豚仍然存在或已经彻底灭绝的证据，因此B、D两项不正确。‎ ‎3．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．Baiji mostly live in the Yangtze River.‎ B．Catching so many fish results in the reduction of baiji’s food sources.‎ C．Heavy river traffic prevents baiji swimming into and out of their babitats.‎ D．It is pollution that has caused the extinction of baiji species.‎ 答案　B 解析　本题考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段第一句可推断此项正确。根据第四段第二句的后半句可排除A项；C项中的heavy river traffic要改为dams；是人类活动，而不是污染，导致了白鳍豚的数量下降，因此D项错误。‎ ‎4．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A．Scientists searched the Yangtze River，trying to find and save baiji.‎ B．It is really hard to find baiji in the river now.‎ C．The rapid disappearance of baiji is largely due to human activities.‎ D．Baiji would be the first large aquatic mammal driven to extinction by man.‎ 答案　D 解析　本题考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段的最后可知之前已有僧海豹因人类捕杀而灭绝，白鳍豚是在重蹈覆辙，所以此项不正确。‎ Ⅶ.阅读填空 ‎__1__You probably think you will never be a top student.This is not necessarily so, however.Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to.Here’s how：‎ Plan your time carefully.When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do.After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time.First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc.Then decide a good, regular time for studying.__2__A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.‎ Find a good place to study.Look around the house for a good study area.Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials.No games，radio，or television.When you sit down to study，concentrate on the subject.‎ Make good use of your time in class.__3__Listening carefully in class means less work later.Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.‎ Study regularly.When you get home from school, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day，and read that material.__4__If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful，and you’ll remember it longer.‎ Develop a good attitude towards tests.The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject.They help you remember your new knowledge.The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be over worried.‎ ‎__5__You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.‎ A．There are other methods that might help you with your studying.‎ B．Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.‎ C．Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.‎ D．No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.‎ E．Maybe you are an average student.‎ F．Make full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher says in class.‎ G．This will help you understand the next class.‎ 答案　1.E　2.B　3.C　4.G　5.A Period Three　Using Language ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.(P6) ‎ 拓展归纳 intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事 intend sb.for sth.打算/意欲让某人(做)某事 be intended for专为……而设计的；专供……使用的 intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 intend sb. as/to be打算让某人成为……‎ ‎ ‎ intend，mean，design ‎(1)intend强调“意欲”做某一件确定的事，或者“决意”达到　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 某一确定的目的。‎ ‎(2)mean常常可以和intend互换使用，但不强调决心达到某一目的。‎ ‎(3)design强调为达到某目的，事先作过精心安排和仔细考虑。‎ ‎ 完成句子 ‎(1)这种自行车是专为身材过高的人设计的。‎ This kind of bicycle is_intended_for people who are too tall.‎ ‎(2)这本词典是给小孩用的。‎ This dictionary is_intended_for children.‎ ‎(3)我本来不想在这幅画还没完成之前让她看到。‎ I didn’t_intend_her_to_see this painting until it was finished.‎ ‎(4)今天我打算读完这本书。‎ Today，I intend_to_finish reading this book.‎ ‎2What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.(P6) ‎ 拓展归纳 have sth. out of consideration对某事不予考虑，忽视某事 take...into consideration考虑到；顾及……‎ in consideration of考虑到；顾及；作为……的报酬 on/under no consideration决不 be under consideration在考虑中，在审议中 show consideration for sb./sth.体谅/关心……‎ considerate adj.考虑周到的；体贴的；体谅的 完成句子 ‎(1)你的建议正在被考虑中。‎ Your suggestion is under_consideration.‎ ‎(2)你的老师在给你的试卷评分时，会考虑你最近生病的情况的。‎ Your teachers will take your recent illness into_consideration when marking your papers.‎ ‎(3)你在这儿一直等着，真是体贴人。‎ It is so considerate of you to wait here.‎ ‎3 There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi,tired after a day’s work,went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.(P6) ‎ ‎ 拓展归纳 deliver sth.to sb.把某物交付某人 be delivered of a baby生小孩 deliver oneself of sth.发言，发表 deliver sth.(up/over)(to sb.)放弃某事物；交出某物 deliver sb.(from sth.)拯救/解救某人 deliver on不负所望；履行诺言 deliver a speech/lecture发表演讲 完成句子 ‎(1)哪位医生接生了这个婴儿？‎ Which doctor delivered_the_baby?‎ ‎(2)一些新书已被送到学校。‎ Some new books have_been_delivered_to the school.‎ ‎(3)昨天校长在大会上发言了。‎ The headmaster delivered_a_speech at the meeting yesterday.‎ ‎(4)他向警方自首了。‎ He delivered_himself_to the police.‎ ‎4It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.(P6) ‎ 拓展归纳 at any rate不管怎样，无论如何；至少 at the rate of以……的比例；以……的速度 at this/that rate照这/那情形看来 lower the rate of interest降低利率 raise the transport rates提高运费 postal rates邮资 完成句子 ‎(1)The car travels at_the_rate_of_100_km_an_hour (以100千米的时速)．‎ ‎(2)Night telephone_rates (电话收费)are cheaper than day rates.‎ ‎(3)Ours is a school of_the_first_rate (一流的)．‎ ‎5 By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi,a specialist in women’s diseases.（P6）‎ 拓展归纳 by any chance万一，碰巧，或许 have a/no chance to do/of doing sth.有(没有)机会做……‎ take a chance冒一冒险，碰碰运气，利用一下机会 chance to do sth.(＝happen to do sth.)碰巧/偶然做某事 chance on/upon sb./sth.偶然发现，碰巧遇到 There are chances that从句There is a chance that从句Chances are that从句有……的可能性 完成句子 ‎(1)两位老友碰巧在从伦敦飞往巴黎的飞机上相遇了。‎ The two old friends met by_chance on the plane from London to Paris.‎ ‎(2)我在饭店吃晚饭时，碰巧她也在那里。‎ She chanced_to_be in the restaurant when I was having supper.‎ ‎(3)他冒险把车开得这么快。‎ He is taking_a_chance by driving his car so fast.‎ ‎6It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.(P6) ‎ 拓展归纳 have a care/take care小心，注意 take care (not) to do/thatclause注意(不)做……‎ take care of照料；注意；负责，处理 take...into care代为照顾(小孩等)‎ with care 小心地 care about介意，在乎 care to do sth.喜欢做某事；想做某事 用适当的介词填空 ‎(1)Take care of your health.‎ ‎(2)Would you please take my little daughter into care while I am out?‎ ‎(3)I don’t care about what others may say.‎ ‎(4)She cares for her sick mother.‎ ‎7Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work？(P6) ‎ 拓展归纳 carry...about随身携带……‎ carry away拿走，冲走，掠走；吸引住(某人)‎ carry back将……送/带回原地；使某人忆起 carry forward过账，结转 carry off运走，带走；获得(奖项)，夺得 carry it/sth.off成功地应付(困难)局面 carry out搬出；实施，执行，履行；完成 carry through达成，贯彻；使渡过难关 完成句子 ‎(1)It is a difficult job but she’s the person to_carry_it_through (能够顺利完成的)．‎ ‎(2)After he left I just tried to carry_on_as_usual (像往常一样继续干)．‎ ‎(3)She’s had her hair cut really short，but she can_carry_it_off (还是若无其事的样子)．‎ ‎8 By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi,a specialist in women’s diseases.(P6)‎ 拓展归纳 How come？为什么？怎么会？怎么搞的？‎ come about发生 come along一起来；一道走 come down to下垂到，达到；流传下来 come on得啦；快点 come out出来；出版；开花 come to 达到；总计为；结果是 come to oneself(昏迷后)苏醒过来；恢复理性 come up上来；(从土中)长出，发芽 come up with提出；想出 come true实现 完成句子 ‎(1)今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。‎ I came_across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.‎ ‎(2)公司的事情已经到了这种地步，因此他正在考虑辞职。‎ Things have come_to such a state in the company that he’s thinking of resigning.‎ ‎(3)他想出了一个绝好的办法。‎ He’s come_up_with a great idea.‎ ‎(4)你究竟为什么总不来看我呢？‎ How_come you never visit me any more?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1 It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career,travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.她似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去国外留学，写了很多书和文章。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 用法点拨 It seems/seemed that...句型意为“似乎，好像”，该句型常可转换成“sb./sth.＋seem＋动词不定式”形式，本句可改为：She seemed to have been busy in...‎ It seems that he is quite happy.‎ ‎(＝He seems(to be) quite happy.)‎ 他似乎很开心。‎ 拓展归纳 ‎(1)There seems结构也经常使用，后接to be。‎ There seems to be a mistake.‎ 好像有一个错误。‎ ‎(2)It seems/seemed as if...表示“仿佛”，as if从句常用虚拟语气来表示事情不可能发生；但如果从句中的情况有可能发生或可能是事实，则用陈述语气。‎ It seems as if he were in a dream.‎ 他似乎在做梦。‎ It seems as if it will rain.天好像要下雨。‎ ‎(3)So it seems.或It seems not.用在对话中来表示同意对方的话。‎ ‎—It seems that she will not join us.‎ ‎——看样子她不会加入到我们这边来了。‎ ‎—It seems not.‎ ‎——看样子不会了。‎ 单项填空 ‎(1)I seem________her before，but I can’t remember where and when.‎ A．knowing B．having known C．to know D．to have known 答案　D ‎(2)She________to be an old lady because of the hard work for ten years，but she is only 40 years old.‎ A．looks B．appears C．seems D．sees 答案　B ‎(3)It________to me that there is no way to settle the dispute between America and Iraq.‎ A．seems B．looks C．appears D．A or C 答案　D ‎(4)—Why not have your room painted white?‎ ‎—________.I’ll have someone do it soon.‎ A．It seems a good idea B．I think it C．I’m not sure D．Wonderfully 答案　A ‎2 Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。‎ 用法点拨 该句是一个复合句，主句是Further reading made me realize，that引导了一个宾语从句；it was...that...是强调句型。‎ 强调句型的形式：It is/was＋被强调内容＋that/who...，如果强调的是人，则既可用that也可用who引导。‎ It was the old man who I met in the park.‎ 我在公园里遇到的就是这位老人。‎ It was not until the game had begun that he arrived.‎ 直到比赛开始他才到。‎ It was in the evening that my train arrived in Jinan.‎ 我所乘坐的火车是在傍晚到达济南的。‎ 单项填空 ‎(1)________that he managed to get the information?‎ A．Where was it B．What was it C．How was it D．Why was it 答案　C ‎(2)—Did Jack come back early last night?‎ ‎—Yes.It was not yet eight o’clock________he arrived home.‎ A．before B．when C．that D．until 答案　B ‎(3)It was for this reason________her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.‎ A．which B．why C．that D．how 答案　C ‎(4)—________Jannet thought?‎ ‎—Sorry，I have got no idea.‎ A．What is that B．What was it that C．What it was that D．Was it that what 答案　B ‎(5)It is the ability to do the job________matters not where you come from or what you are.‎ A．one B．that C．what D．it 答案　B ‎ ‎ 为什么不继续她的事业呢？‎ 上学时我喜欢英语、生物和化学，但是我进大学该选哪门专业呢？直到有一天晚上坐在电脑旁研究中国的伟大女性时，我才知道了答案。‎ 很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于林巧稚大夫的文章。她是妇科专家，1901年出生，1983年去世。林巧稚似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去国外留学，还写了很多书和文章。其中有一本书引起了我的注意，这是一本小书，介绍如何在从妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中降低死亡率。她提出了一些可以遵循的简单的做法，能保持婴儿清洁和健康，让他们远离疾病。她为什么要写这些东西呢？林巧稚认为哪些妇女会需要这些建议呢？我细细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。也许是她们遇到紧急情况时找不到医生。‎ 突然，我想起：在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊！那可是一个女性受教育总是排在男性之后的年代。难道她比别人要聪明得多？进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进医学院的大门。后来使她成功的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，又在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭是不可能给她报酬的。‎ 现在，我迫不及待地想多了解一些有关她的情况。我发现林巧稚把毕生都奉献给了病人，而自己却选择了独身。她确保了大约五万名婴儿的安全出生。这时候，我非常激动。为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院，继续她的事业呢？现在努力提高学习成绩、准备大学入学 考试还不算晚……‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．It was a small book explaining (解释)how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.‎ ‎2．He had achieved (获得，得到)everything he wanted.‎ ‎3．We can deliver (运送)goods immediately.‎ ‎4．It was her kindness and the consideration (体贴)she showed to all her patients that had made her famous.‎ ‎5．This textbook is intended for junior middle school students. ‎ ‎6．My generation (一代人) have grown up without the experience of a world war.‎ ‎7．China should try its best to cut down the birth rate.‎ ‎8．She was very modest about her achievements.‎ ‎9．He devoted all his time to medical (医学的) research.‎ ‎10．The examination is over.All of us can not wait to know the result.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．He seems to have known the secret.‎ It seems that he has known the secret.‎ ‎2．He learned about the news through TV.‎ It was through TV that he learned about the news.‎ ‎3．It is well known that Yantai is famous for its fine apples.‎ As is well known，Yantai is famous for its fine apples.‎ ‎4．Since you are so tired，why don’t you just have a rest?‎ Since you are so tired，why not just have a rest?‎ ‎5．I could not wait to find more about the singer.‎ I was eager to find more about the singer.‎ ‎6．He decided to study hard this term.‎ He was determined to study hard this term.‎ ‎7．Suddenly，some information was shown on the screen.‎ All of a sudden，some information appeared on the screen.‎ ‎8．When there is very little money，the school often prevents girls from training.‎ When there is hardly any money，the school often stops/keeps girls from training.‎ ‎9．He was surprised to know that I could speak English.‎ It struck him that I could speak English.‎ ‎10．Of course she did not do all the work on her own.‎ Of course she did not do all the work all by herself.‎ Ⅲ.用适当的介词填空 ‎1．Many people look down on/upon the poor people of the world.‎ ‎2．If the word “family” is considered as a whole，use a singular verb.‎ ‎3．The word “inspire” means to fill somebody with good feelings and aims.‎ ‎4．The word “respect” means to admire or show regard for someone.‎ ‎5．These flowers are intended for you.‎ ‎6．The matter under consideration now at the meeting is about how to stop the pollution.‎ ‎7．Would you care for some orange?‎ Ⅳ.词语填空 look down upon,devote,care for,strike,inspire,support,observe,argue,deliver,respect ‎1.While discussing how to solve the problem，Smith argued that what he had suggested was the only right way.‎ ‎2．All the teachers devoting their life to education were praised at the meeting.‎ ‎3．The respected scientist was warmly welcomed when beginning his lecture.‎ ‎4．Though looked_down_upon，the girl continued her efforts and succeeded at last.‎ ‎5．The woman insisted on caring_for her sick mother as her brother had to go to Beijing on business.‎ ‎6．While wondering how to cross the wide river，it suddenly struck him that they could ask the local farmers for help.‎ ‎7．Recently we collected quite some money to_support the education of the children in poor areas.‎ ‎8．Milk is_delivered to his door every morning.‎ ‎9．The old man spends some time observing the changes of the colour of the water in the river to find out whether the river is polluted.‎ ‎10．The brilliant deeds of the advanced Party members are_inspiring/inspire people in their work.‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．Only in recent years have_women_begun_to (妇女才开始) catch up with men in this area.‎ ‎2．I have_been_learning_English (学习英语) for more than five years.‎ ‎3．They must_have_spent (一定花费) many years building the Great Wall.‎ ‎4．We would devote_every_effort_to_helping (尽一切努力帮助) the disabled people.‎ ‎5．In some parts of London，missing a bus means_waiting_for_another_hour (意味着再等一个小时)．‎ ‎6．Jane Goodall concerns_herself_with_the_chimps_in_Africa (关心着非洲的黑猩猩)．‎ ‎7．By studying chimps for many years，Jane found how_much_they_behaved_like_‎ humans (它们的行为多么地像人)．‎ ‎8．When evening falls，baby chimps come_into_their_mother’s_arms (投入它们妈妈的怀抱) and they go to sleep in their nest for the night.‎ ‎9．It is an article explaining_how_a_computer_works (解释电脑是如何工作的)．‎ ‎10．It has been affecting thousands of doctors that Lin_Qiaozhi_showed_her_kindness ‎_and_consideration (林巧稚献出了爱心和体贴) to the patients.‎ Ⅵ.单项填空　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．I bumped into her quite ________ in He Ping Street.‎ A．by chance B．by any chance C．by design D．on purpose 答案　A 解析　句意为：我在和平大街遇见她纯属偶然。by chance碰巧，凑巧。by any chance万一；也许；by design＝on purpose有意地，有目的地，故意地。‎ ‎2．I came ________ Jackie Chan at the airport.‎ A．out B．along C．across D．after 答案　C 解析　句意为：我在机场碰见了成龙。come across(偶然)遇见；碰见。come out出来；长出；开花；come along出现；发生；come after跟在……后面。‎ ‎3．I really don’t know ________ I have my money stolen.‎ A．when was it that B．that it was when C．where it was that D．it was where that 答案　C 解析　考查强调结构的特殊疑问句用作宾语从句的用法。其语序为：wh＋it is/was that...。‎ ‎4．The accident ________ took place yesterday near the corner of the street.‎ A．referred B．referring C．referred to D．referring to 答案　C 解析　referredto被提及，被提到，过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的the accident。‎ ‎5．We ________ Hawaii the best place for our summer holiday.‎ A．consider B．regard C．think about D．think of 答案　A 解析　consider...(as/to be...)认为……是……。‎ ‎6．When you want to buy something，you need to take the price into ________.‎ A．decision B．requirement C．consideration D．importance 答案　C 解析　take...into consideration为固定搭配，意为“考虑到……”或“把……考虑在内”。‎ ‎7．We must carry ________ till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.‎ A．away B．off C．up D．on 答案　D 解析　句意为：尽管条件极端困难，我们必须坚持下去，直到成功。carry on继续；坚持；carry away运走；拿走；carry off获得；成功对付；carry up建高(房屋)；追溯。‎ ‎8．These scientists are trying to find out the facts to ________ their theory.‎ A．support B．promise C．design D．carry 答案　A 解析　support their theory支持他们的理论；promise允诺；design设计；carry搬。‎ ‎9．The population of the world is growing ________ a surprising rate.‎ A．on B．in C．at D．above 答案　C 解析　rate常与at连用，表示“以……的比率”。‎ ‎10．The programme，which refers ________ the tomb of Qin Shihuang is ________ for those who are interested in history.‎ A．as；meant B．for；intended C．to；planned D．to；intended ‎ 答案　D 解析　句意为：与秦始皇陵有关的这期节目是专门为那些对历史感兴趣的人们而制作的。refer to在此意为“与……有关；涉及”。be intended for...为……而设计/打算的；打算给……的，表示目的。‎ ‎11．The manager suggested an earlier date ________ the meeting.‎ A．on B．for C．about D．with 答案　B 解析　这里表示an earlier date的对象，故使用for。‎ ‎12．—How’s your tour around the North Lake？Is it beautiful?‎ ‎—It ________ be，but it is now heavily polluted.‎ A．will B．would C．should D．must 答案　C 解析　本题考查情态动词的用法。句意为：北湖本来应该是美好的，但是现在这里被严重污染了。表示“本应该……，而事实上并非如此”使用should。‎ ‎13．________ felt funny watching myself on TV.‎ A．One B．This C．It D．That 答案　C 解析　本题考查代词的用法。it在本句中用作形式主语，指代下文中的watching myself on TV。其他代词没有这样的用法。‎ ‎14．I have ________ all my papers but I still can’t find my notes.‎ A．looked through B．looked for C．looked after D．looked out 答案　A 解析　look through查阅，浏览；look for寻找；look after照顾；look out小心；向外看。而本题句意为：我查阅了所有的文件……。这里只有look through 符合句子的意思。‎ ‎15．Leave your key with a neighbor ________ you lock yourself out one day.‎ A．ever since B．even if C．soon after D．in case 答案　D 解析　本题考查连词的用法。从句意看，you lock yourself out one day是主句动作发生的条件，故使用in case，意为“如果，万一”。‎ ‎ Ⅶ.短文改错 I went shopping with my wife.We havehad a lot of things to buy them　.We drove to the center of the city and stopped our acar in front of the shop.An hour latelater， we came back to the car.But it was strangerstrange that we couldn’t open the door.So we asked ∧a policeman for help.He was glad to help us.A few minuteminutes later, he got the door open.Just then a man came up and shouted angrily.“HowWhat are you doing with my car？” We were surprisingsurprised and went to see the number of the car.What ∧do you think we did then？We had to speaksay sorry to the man again and again.‎ Ⅷ.书面表达 请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇词数为100左右的短文。要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且需包括以下三部分内容：‎ ‎1．对该人物的简单介绍；‎ ‎2．喜欢该人物的理由；‎ ‎3．从该人物身上得到的启示。‎ ‎ ‎ Thomas Edison Helen Keller William Shakespeare inventor；creative；diligent；full of wisdom ordinary but great woman；disabled；optimistic；eager to learn writer；talented；imaginative；man of all ages ‎“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration.” “...if I had the power of sight for three days.” “Life is a stage...”‎ 参考范文 Sample 1：Thomas Edison Born in America，Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating.In fact，he was a man full of imagination.‎ I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world.He had more than 1,000 inventions.In his lifetime，he was always eager to know how things worked，which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”．He was also so diligent that he worked day and night.And this explained why he had so many great inventions.‎ What impresses me most is his famous saying，“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration.”Probably I cannot be an Edison myself，but I can be a hardworking learner.From him，I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born，but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.‎ Sample 2：Helen Keller Every time I read“...if I had the power of sight for three days”，I cannot help being moved by its author Helen Keller，an ordinary but great American woman.‎ I admire Helen because she was optimistic about life.She became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old.Since then she lived in a world of darkness and silence，and communication seemed only a dream for her.But she never gave up and struggled to lead an active life.Under the guidance of her teacher，Ms.Sulliven，Helen learned to read and write and became a famous writer.For a disabled person like her，this was really a wonder!‎ Helen has set an excellent example to all of us.Her story tells us that we should value what we have，and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life.‎ Sample 3：William Shakespeare Do you know Hamlet？Have you read The Merchant of Venice？These two great works are both written by William Shakespeare，my favorite English writer and the man of all ages!‎ Shakespeare，a son from a poor family，a man of little education，wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.I like him because his comedies and tragedies bring me into a fantastic world；I love him because his poems let me enjoy the beauty of the English language；I admire him because his keen sights set me thinking and teach me how to lead a meaningful life!‎ Since “Life is a stage”，we are actually all actors and actresses.On this stage，everyone has ‎ his own role to play，and I will try my best to play my role well.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ Either you or one of your students ________ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.(湖南高考)‎ A．are B．is C．have D．be 答案　B 解析　句意为：你或者你的一位学生要参加定于明天的会议。本题主语由either...or...连接，谓语动词要根据or之后的部分来确定单复数形式，该句中or后是one of your students，所以谓语动词用单数形式。‎ 课文原文 Either rain or snow fell every day this week but everyone has tried to ignore it.‎ ‎ In April,2009，President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao，________ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.(福建高考)‎ A．marking B．marked C．having marked D．being marked 答案　A 解析　此处为现在分词短语作状语。‎ 课文原文 Following_Jane’s_way_of_studying_chimps，our group are all going to visit them in the forest.‎ ‎ Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still________the traditional customs.(湖北高考)‎ A．perform B．possess C．observe D．support 答案　C 解析　observe在此句中意为“遵守，奉行(法律、协议或习俗等)”。句意为：尽管在国外居住了这么多年，许多中国人仍然遵循着传统的风俗习惯。‎ 课文原文 She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.‎ ‎ The population of Jiangsu ________ to more than twice what it was in 1949.The figure is now approaching 74 million.(江苏高考)‎ A．has grown B．have grown C．grew D．are growing 答案　A 解析　本句中谈论的人口的增长是从1949年一直到现在的人口的增长，所以应该用现在完成时态。又因为population作主语时谓语动词应该用单数，所以此题选A。‎ 课文原文 For forty years Jane Goodall has_been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.‎ ‎ It was announced that only when the fire was under control ________to return to their homes.(江西高考)‎ A．the residents would be permitted B．had the residents been permitted C．would the residents be permitted D．the residents had been permitted 答案　C 解析　句意为：据宣布，只有在火势被控制住的时候居民们才被允许回到家中。that从句中only引导的时间状语从句位于句首，that从句需用部分倒装结构。‎ 课文原文 Only_after_her_mother_came_to_help_her_for_the_first_few_months_was_she allowed to begin her project.‎ 重点词汇 ‎1. achieve ‎ ‎【课文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do… (P3)‎ ‎【名师点拨】achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如：‎ He had finally achieved success.‎ Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.‎ ‎2. condition ‎【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. (P1)‎ ‎【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。如：‎ ‎ We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.‎ ‎ The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.‎ ‎ My car is old but in good condition.‎ ‎ He is overweight and out of condition.‎ ‎【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在……条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。如：‎ I will come on condition that Peter is invited.‎ They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.‎ ‎3. devote ‎【课文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (P1)‎ ‎【名师点拨】devote vt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote … to … 意为“献身；致力于”，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。如：‎ He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.‎ The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance. ‎ After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.‎ ‎4. behave ‎【课文原句】Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (P2)‎ ‎【名师点拨】behave vi & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现”，如behave well / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour，指“行为；态度；举止”。如：‎ The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.‎ My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.‎ Everyone praises the children's good behaviour.‎ ‎5. worthwhile ‎【课文原句】But the evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)‎ ‎【名师点拨】worthwhile adj.意为“值得做的；值得出力的”，可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做……”，在动词-ing形式的结构中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。如：‎ I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.‎ The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.‎ ‎6. observe ‎【课文原句】Jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities. (P2)‎ ‎【名师点拨】observe vt. 意为“观察；观测；遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。如：‎ I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.‎ He observed that we should probably have rain.‎ Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals’ behaviour.‎ ‎7. argue ‎【课文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (P2)‎ ‎【名师点拨】argue作动词时，意为“争论；争吵；争辩”。argue for意为“为……辩护”；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人争论”；argue against意为“据理反对；争辩……”。如：‎ It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.‎ We are always arguing with each other about money. ‎ Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the children’s annual party.‎ ‎【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为argument，意为“争论；争端；论证”，常构成短语settle an argument指“解决争端”。‎ ‎9. care for ‎【课文原句】It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (P6)‎ ‎【名师点拨】care for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照顾；照料”，且较正式；也可表示“喜欢”的意思。如：‎ His son cared for him when he was ill.‎ In fact, I don’t really care for basketball.‎ 另外，在上面的句子中，explain意为“解释，说明”，后可接名词、代词、从句或wh + to do作宾语，可用explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。如：‎ Will you explain to us how we can finish the work as soon as possible?‎ ‎【知识拓展】care about意为“介意；在乎”，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否定句中。about用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一般省掉。‎ ‎ I don’t care about your opinion.‎ ‎ I don’t care whether it rains — I’m happy.‎ ‎10. intend ‎【课文原句】I looked carefully at the text and realised that it was intended for women who lived in the countryside. (P6)‎ ‎【名师点拨】intend v. 意为“打算；计划；想要”。intend to do sth意为“想干某事”；intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。intend for表示“原打算给某人；准备让……干……”。如：‎ I intended to come to your house last night but it rained.‎ ‎ I intend coming / to come back soon.‎ ‎ He hadn’t really intended that they should be there. ‎ ‎ This gift is intended for you.‎ 热点语法 主谓一致用法难点小结：‎ 一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。‎ ‎1. 集合名词有family, team, group, party, class, public, club, crew, crowd, enemy, audience, company, committee, government, population等，当被看作一个整体时，表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员，表示复数意义，谓语动词则用复数形式。即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。如：‎ My class is a big one, including thirty boys and thirty girls.‎ My class are working hard for the coming exam.‎ ‎2. 有些集合名词作主语时，谓语只能用复数形式，如：people, the police, the military, mankind, cattle等。如：‎ The police are searching for the lost child. ‎ 二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。‎ 不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：‎ ‎ Everything goes well with me.‎ ‎ Each of the students in our class has an English-Chinese dictionary.‎ 三、“名词＋名词”作主语时的主谓一致。‎ ‎ 当表示同一人物或观点时，谓语动词用单数。如：A novelist and playwright is coming to our school. 这里表示“一位小说家兼剧作家”，是同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎ 如果是A novelist and a playwright作主语，这时表示“一位小说家和一位剧作家”，是两个人，所以谓语动词用复数，该句应改为：A novelist and a playwright are coming to our school.‎ 四、The ＋ adj.作主语时的主谓一致。‎ ‎ 当The ＋ adj.表示抽象的含义时，谓语动词用单数。如：The beautiful is the true.‎ 当The ＋ adj.表示该类全体的含义时，谓语动词用复数。如：The rich should help the poor.‎ Unit 1词组归纳 ‎1. in pairs 成对 2. give reasons for 给…理由 ‎3. improve prison conditions改善监狱的条件 4. the Nobel Peace Prize诺贝尔和平奖 ‎5. one of the top leaders高级领导人之一 ‎6. concern oneself with 让自己关注 (be concerned about对…担心)‎ ‎7. welfare projects福利项目 8. China Welfare Institute中国福利协会 ‎9. show the conncetion between …and…显示出…和…之间的联系 ‎10. fight for为…而战 11. put…to death将…处死 ‎12. a specialist in women’s illnesses妇科疾病的专家 ‎13. devote all her life to将自己的一生献给… 致力于…‎ ‎14. rather than而不是 15. behave like humans像人类的举止 ‎16. the night before前一天晚上 17. wonder off离开 ‎18. make it all worthwhile使…值得 19. come into one’s arms回到…的怀抱 ‎20. fully understand完全理解 ‎21. observe and record their daily activities观察记录他们的日常活动 ‎22. be determined to下定决心… 23. communicate…with与…交流 ‎24. work out their social system勾勒出他们的社会体系 ‎25. the rest of the world世界上的其他人 ‎26. argue for…为…辩护 argue against…反对… argue with sb. 与…争论 ‎27. come crowding in纷塌而至 28. achieve everything做成了所有的事 ‎29. gain a doctor’s degree获得了博士学位 ‎30. cheer the achievements of women为妇女的成就喝彩 ‎31. support a family支撑一个家庭 32. get upset感到不安 ‎33. be of great importance很重要 34. look down upon 看不起 ‎35. do some research 做研究 36. catch one’s eye吸引…‎ ‎37. cut the death rate降低死亡率 38. care for照顾、喜欢 ‎39. follow some simple rules遵循一些简单的规则 40. be intended for为…准备 ‎41. get a medical training获得医学培训 42. be placed second to放在…之后 ‎43. further reading进一步的阅读 44. as well as和,还有/ 和…一样 ‎45. story after story 一个故事接着一个故事 46. deliver a baby接生 ‎47. make sure确保,确信 48. carry on继续 ‎49. fill in the forms填表 50. the university entrance exam大学入学考试