英语卷·2018届北京市第四中学高三上学期期中考试（2017-11）解析版

英语卷·2018届北京市第四中学高三上学期期中考试（2017-11）解析版

北京市第四中学 2018 届高三上学期期中考试 英语试卷 （试卷满分为 150 分，考试时间为 120 分钟） 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30 分） 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. Who will bring food to the party? A. Kris. B. Mary. C. Jill. 2. What will the man probably do for the woman? A. Repair her shoes. B. Exchange her shoes. C. Give back her money. 3. What happened to the man’s favorite jacket? A. It was held by the coffee shop. B. It was dirtied with some coffee. C. It was taken away by someone. 4. What does the man mean? A. The woman had better visit Venice in winter. B. He does not want to go to Venice in summer. C. There are fewer visitors in Venice in winter. 5. What are the speakers talking about in general? A. The man’s job. B. A restaurant. C. The man’s pay. 第二节 （共 10 小题；每题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 听下面 4 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小 题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. What did the man do last Saturday? A. He sang at a club. B. He prepared for a test. C. He paid a visit to his friends. 7. How does the man probably feel when hearing about the Spanish test? A. Confident. B. Surprised. C. Relaxed. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. Why did the woman take the dancing class? A. To dance in clubs. B. To have fun. C. To teach the man. 9. What is the man’s opinion about the dancing class? A. Hard. B. Interesting. C. Tiring. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10.What relation is the woman to Mr. Lefkas probably? A. His customer. B. His wife. C. His secretary. 11. What is Mr. Lefkas doing now? A. Doing exercise. B. Having a meeting. C. Making a phone call. 12.What will the man do next? A. Wait for a phone call. B. Board on his plane. C. Meet some customers. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 15 题。 13.What made the white T-shirt popular? A. American soldiers. B. The US Navy. C. Hollywood films. 14. When were T-shirts used as “walking advertisements”? A. In the 1950s. B. In the mid-1960s. C. In the 1970s. 15. What color T-shirt did Yves Saint Laurent design? A. Blue. B. Black. C. White. 第三节 听取信息（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分） 听下面一段对话，完成第 16 至第 20 五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话 前，你将有 20 秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60 秒钟的作答时间。这段 对话你将听两遍。 International Social Club Application Form Customer’s Name 16 Foo Home Country 17 English Level • Nice American accent • Find some 18 Australian words difficult Time Every Tuesday and 19 Telephone No. 20 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. He _____ with English grammar every night over the last three months. A. struggles B. struggled C. has been struggling D. had been struggling 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的三个月里他每天晚上都在努力学英语语法。根据 over the last three months 可知强调在过去时间段，一直从事某件事，优先选择现在完成进行 时，即 C 项正确。 2. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _____ allows them to communicate freely with each other. A. which B. where C. what D. who 【答案】A 【解析】 A [考查定语从句。句意：她具有给学生创造一种允许他们自由交流的氛围的天 赋。分析句子结构可知，定语从句“________allows them to communicate freely with each other”修饰先行词 atmosphere，将先行词代入句后为：The atmosphere allows them to communicate freely with each other.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且指代物，所以 须用关系代词 which，故选 A 项。] 3. I really doubt _____ he would ask her to marry him in public. A. that B. whether C. how D. that if 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我真的怀疑是否他愿意请她当众嫁给他。根据句意可知答案 为 B。 4. — Did he decide to take part in the competition? — Yes, of course. He _____ to. A. has been encouraging B. had been encouraged C. has been encouraged D. was to be encouraged 【答案】B 【解析】考查被动语态。上句：他决定参加比赛吗？下句：是的，当然。他已经被鼓励参加 比赛。根据 he 和动词 encourage 之间的逻辑关系分析，此处应该使用被动形式，故先排除 A 项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析， 此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语 态。故选 B。 5. — Why didn’t Ann see me wave to her? — She _____ in the other direction. A. looked B. was looking C. has looked D. is looking 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。上句：Ann 为什么没有看见我向她挥手？下句：他正在看其他的方向。 上句用过去时，表示动作发生在过去，下句“她正在看另一个方向”，因为正在进行另一个 动作，所以没有看见，故选择过去进行时。B 项正确。 6. Your article has so many spelling mistakes that it needs _____ badly. A. to correct B. being corrected C. correcting D. corrected 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你的文章有很多拼写错误，以致于它特别需要修改。need doing sth.相当于 need to be done 需要被做，此处是主动表被动，故答案为 C。 【名师点睛】 need /want/require/worth 当 need, want, require, worth(形容词)后面接 doing 时主动表示被动，通常用 物做主语，此时相当于 to be done。 Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。 The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 7. With too much mathematics homework _____, he determined to give up English reading. A. finished B. having finished C. to finish D. finishing 【答案】C 【解析】考查 with 的独立主格结构。句意：有太多的数学作业要做，他决定放弃英语阅读。 with+宾语+to do sth.表示将要发生的事情，故答案为 C。 【名师点睛】 “With + 复合结构”又称为“with 结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴 随，方式，原因，条件等状语。和非谓语动词连用的具体结构如下： 1.With + 名词 + -ed 分词 （强调名词是 -ed 分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生） He sat there with his eyes closed．他闭目坐在那儿。 2.with + 名词 + -ing 分词（强调名词是 -ing 分词的动作的发出者或某动作，状态正 在进行）He fell asleep with the lamp burning．他没熄灯就睡着了。 3. with + 名词 + to do （不定式动作尚未发生） With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish it in time．有这么多人帮忙，我们 一定能按时完成。 8. Besides _____ to Harvard University, he also received scholarship from Hong Kong University yesterday. A. being admitted B. admitted C. having admitted D. to be admitted 【答案】A 【解析】考查动名词。句意：除了被哈弗大学录取，昨天他也收到了香港大学的奖学金。此 处 besides（介词）除---之外，还有---，后面用动名词做宾语；be admitted to 被---录取，可 知答案为 A。 9. Beijing No.4 High School is reported in the newspaper _____ its 110th birthday last month. A. to celebrate B. having celebrated C. being celebrated D. to have celebrated 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：据报纸上报道，北京第四中学上个月庆祝了它的第 110 周年校庆。动词不定式的动作“庆祝”发生在主句谓语动词的动作“报道”前，故用动词不定 式的完成式。答案为 D。 10. The man showed us so heavy a stone _____ no man can lift. A. as B. that C. which D. and 【答案】A 【解析】考查 as 引导的定语从句。句意：那个人给我们看了一块没人能举起的石头。当先 行词前有 the same.such.so.as 等修饰时，定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导。故选 A。 【名师点睛】 as 引导定语从句与其它词连用 一．as 引导限制性定语从句 1.用于 the same．．．as．．．结构中 This is the same sickle as I lost yesterday．这把镰刀和我昨天丢的那把一样。 2.用于 such．．．as．．．结构中 I never heard such stories as he tells．我从未听过像他讲的那种故事。 3.用于“so＋adj．＋a（n）＋n．（单数）＋as 结构中 He's never written again so good a book as his first one．他再也没写出像他的第一部那么好的 书。 4.用于“as＋adj．＋n．＋as 比较结构中 They are as fine women as ever walked．她们可以与任何卓越的女性媲美。 注：as．．．as．．．后面加上 ever 以加强语气，表示“不亚于任何……”，“不弱于……”， 有最高级的意味。又如： He is as brave a man as ever lived．他是世界上最勇敢的人。 二．as 引导非限制性引导定语从句 as 单独引导定语从句时，先行词更为常见的是：它的先行词是整个主句。例如： She is late，as is often the case．她迟到了，这是经常的事。（先行词是整个主句） He married her，as was natural．他和她结婚了，这是很自然的。（先行词是整个主句） 11. Children, if well _____, are not likely to make any trouble in public places. A. having educated B. educating C. to be educated D. educated 【答案】D 【解析】考查过去分词。句意：如果受到良好的教育，孩子不可能在公共场所惹麻烦。句子 主语 Children 和 educate 之间是被动关系，此处省略了相同的主语和 be 动词，是 if+过去分 词做条件状语，根据句意可知答案为 D。 12. — Why does she look so angry after reading Still Alice? — She _____ be. She _____ be missing her grandma who has Alzheimer’s. A. can’t; must B. mustn’t; can C. shouldn’t; should D. can’t; would 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词。上句：她读了 Still Alice 之后为什么看上去如此生气？下句：她不 可能生气。她一定是在想念她那有老年痴呆的奶奶。第一空用 can’t 不可能，表示有把握的 否定推测；第二空用 must 必须，一定，表示有把握的肯定推测。由此可知答案为 A。 13. His suggestion that she _____ in his home suggested he _____ very warm-hearted. A. would stay; was B. stayed; be C. should stay; be D. stay; was 【答案】D 【解析】考查 suggest 的用法。句意：他建议她呆在家里，这表明他很热心。句 中 suggestion 后面是 that 的同位语从句，用虚拟语气，（should）+动 词原形；suggest 在此句的意思是“表明，暗示”，后面的宾语从句，根 据句意用一般过去时态，由此可知答案为 D。 14. I _____ put the phone back into my pocket _____ you reminded me when the teacher approached. A. should; if B. would have; had C. hadn’t; would D. could have; if 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：当老师靠近时，如果你能提醒我，我就会把手机放进口袋。 此句是省略 if 的非真实条件句，根据句意可知与过去的事实相反，故选 B。 15. No one _____ cheat or help others cheat in the exam. A. shall B. will C. must D. need 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在考试中没有人愿意作弊或帮助别人作弊。shall 用于第二， 三人称表示说话人的心愿； will 表示主语的心愿。故选 A。 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When I was thirteen, my family moved from Boston to Tucson, Arizona. ___16___ the move, my father ___17___ us in the living-room on a freezing January night. My sisters and I sat around the fire, not ___18___ that the universe would suddenly change its course. “In May, we’re ___19___ to Arizona.” The words, so small, didn’t seem ___20___ enough to hold my new life. But the world changed and I awoke on a train moving across the country. I watched the ___21___ change from green trees to flat dusty plains to high mountains as I saw strange new plants that ____22____ mysteries yet to come. Finally, we arrived and ___23___ into our new home. ___24___ my older sisters were sad at the loss of friends, I ___25___ explored our new surroundings. One afternoon, I was out exploring ___26___ and saw a new kind of cactus(仙人掌). I crouched(蹲) down for a closer look. “You’d better not ___27___ that.” I turned around to see an old woman. “Are you new to this neighborhood?” I explained that I was, ___28___, new to the entire state. “My name is Ina Thorne. Have you got used to life in the ___29___? It must be quite a ___30___ after living in Boston.” How could I explain how I ___31___ the desert? I couldn’t seem to find the right words. “It’s vastness,” she offered. “That vastness ___32___ you stand on the mountains overlooking the desert — you can ___33___ how little you are in comparison with the world. ___34___, you feel that the possibilities are limitless.” That was it. That was the feeling I’d had ever since I’d first seen the mountains of my new home. Again, my ___35___ would change with just a few simple words. “Would you like to come to my home tomorrow? Someone should teach you which plant you should and shouldn’t touch.” 16. A. During B. Until C. Upon D. Before 17. A. gathered B. warned C. organized D. comforted 18. A. hoping B. admitting C. realizing D. believing 19. A. going B. moving C. driving D. flying 20. A. good B. simple C. big D. proper 21. A. picture B. ground C. scene D. area 22. A. suggested B. solved C. discovered D. explained 23. A. settled B. walked C. hurried D. stepped 24. A. If B. After C. Once D. While 25. A. bitterly B. easily C. proudly D. eagerly 26. A. as well B. as usual C. fight away D. on time 27. A. move B. dig C. pull D. touch 28. A. of course B. in fact C. after all D. at least 29. A. desert B. city C. state D. country 30. A. luck B. doubt C. shock D. danger 31. A. found B. examined C. watched D. reached 32. A. why B. when C. how D. where 33. A. prove B. guess C. sense D. expect 34. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile 35. A. idea B. life C. home D. family 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】文章讲的是作者 13 岁时与家人一起从美国的大城市波士顿搬到美国西南部 的亚利桑那州，以及搬家后生活所发生的变化。 16. D 考查介词。A. During 在---期间； B. Until 直到---为止； C. Upon 在---之上； D. Before 在---之前。表示在搬家前父亲把孩子们召集在一起说搬家的事情。故选 D。 17. A 考查动词。A. gathered 聚集； B. warned 警告； C. organized 组织； D. comforted 安慰。比较四个选项，再结合本段大意，只有 gather 最佳，指父亲把孩子 们聚集在一起讲搬家的事情。故选 A。 18. C 考查动词。A. hoping 希望； B. admitting 承认； C. realizing 意识到； D. believing 相信。通读全文可知，由于两地的地理环境差异很大，搬家给孩子们的生活 带来了很大的变化，而当时只是听父亲说要搬家，孩子们并没意识到今后的生活发 生变化。故选 C。 19. B 考查动词。A. going 去； B. moving 移动； C. driving 开车； D. flying 飞。 文章讲的是搬家的事，所以只有填空 move 最合适。 20. C 考查形容词。A. good 好的； B. simple 简单的； C. big 大的； D. proper 合 适的。与前面的 small 形成对比，用 big。故选 C。 21. C 考查名词。A. picture 图画； B. ground 地面； C. scene 景色； D. area 地区。 指作者在火车上所观察到的景色(scene)的变化——从绿树到平原，再到高山。故选 C。 22. A 考查动词。A. suggested 建议； B. solved 解决； C. discovered 发现； D. explained 解释。指作者在沿途看到了许多新的陌生的植物，这表明(suggest)他今后 还会接触到更多新的奥秘。故选 A。 23. A 考查动词。比较：settle into 迁入(新居)，习惯于(新居、生活、环境等)；walk into 走进；step into 步入，走进；hurry into 匆匆忙忙进入。由于其后的宾语是 home，不是 house，所以不能直接“走进去”。settle into 表示“习惯于”的例 子：It takes a few months to settle into life at college. 要过几个月才能习惯大 学的生活。 24. D 考查并列句。. A. If 如果； B. After 在---之后； C. Once 一旦； D. While 然而。while 在此表示对比。句意为：姐妹们正在为失去朋友而伤心，而“我”却急 切去探索周围的新环境。故选 D。 25. D 考查动词。A. bitterly 苦涩地； B. easily 容易地； C. proudly 自豪地；D. eagerly 渴望地。指作者来到新地方后那种渴望了解大自然的急迫心情。(做此题要注 意结合下文讲的“我”对探索大自然的热情。)故选 D。 26. B 考查词组。A. as well 也； B. as usual 像平常一样； C. fight away 消除；D. on time 按时。as usual 意为“像往常一样”。（这是作者热心探索大自然的表现之一。） 故选 B。 27. D 考查动词。A. move 移动； B. dig 挖； C. pull 拉； D. touch 触摸，感动。 根据文章最后一句话 Someone should teach you which plant you should and shouldn’t touch 可知，此空应填空 touch。 28. B 考查词组。A. of course 当然； B. in fact 事实上； C. after all 毕竟； D. at least 至少。in fact 意为“事实上”，表示对前面情况的进一步强调。故选 B。 29. A 考查名词。A. desert 沙漠； B. city 城市； C. state 州； D. country 国家。根 据 How could I explain how I ___16___ the desert?可知答案为 A。 30. C 考查名词。A. luck 运气； B. doubt 疑问； C. shock 震惊； D. danger 危险。 此处指作者以前住的大城市与现在的 desert 形成强烈对比，因此选 shock。其余几 项用于此处均讲不通。 31. A 考查动词。A. found 发现； B. examined 检查； C. watched 观看； D. reached 到达。此处填空的 find 不是表示“发现”，而是表示“感觉”，又如：How do you find your new job? 你认为你的新工作怎么样？故选 A。 32. B 考查状语从句。A. why 为什么； B. when 当---时候； C. how 怎样； D. where 在哪里。句中的 vastness 意为“宽广”或“空旷无际”。句意为：这种宽广就是当 你站在山上眺望其下沙漠的情景。故选 B。 33. C 考查动词。A. prove 证明； B. guess 猜测； C. sense 感知； D. expect 期 盼。此句的大意是：当你站在山顶上眺望这一片沙漠的时候，与这个世界相比，你 会感觉到你自己是多么的渺小。sense 在此表示“感到”，其余几个动词填在此处 均讲不能。故选 C。 34. D 考查副词。比较：however 但是，然而；otherwise 要不然；therefore 因 此，所以；meanwhile 在此同时。结合上句话的意思，只有 meanwhile 最合适。 35. B 考查名词。A. idea 注意； B. life 生活； C. home 家； D. family 家庭。 结合全文的意思，此处应是指作者的生活发生变化。故选 B。 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Welcome to Orlando! It has a host of attractions and activities. Ready to join the party and plan a visit to O-Town? Just print out our list that suits your style. Universal Orlando’s Islands of Adventure The addition of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter was among the list of must-visits for theme park enthusiasts. Each of the park’s “islands” — Toon Lagoon, Jurassic Park, and The Lost Continent — has unique appeal in the form of rides and interactive attractions. (407-363-8000) Gatorland It bills itself as “Orlando’s best half-day attraction”, for in a city people are limited by their time and money. Catch Gatorland’s animals and handler（驯化） shows in the afternoon. There’s a nighttime run as well, including the Gator Night Shine and various activities. Gatorland ranks as a comparative theme-park bargain. (407-855-5496) Aquatica One of the city’s most unique water parks, Aquatica is a fantastical world of twisting, turning rides and sparkling white sand beaches. And if you enjoy a side of terror with your water-park fun, be sure to check out Ihu’s Breakaway Falls. This towering slide is an eight-story mind-bender of a plummet（垂直落下） that is not for the weak heart. The less exciting will still find plenty of fun splashing from one giant wave pool to another or drifting down the lazy river through a world of unusual fish. You can also watch the black-and-white Commerson’s dolphins underwater. (407-351-3600) Warbird Adventures Few attractions are more hands-on historic than Warbird Adventures, which offers thrill-seekers the opportunity to fly like the hero aces of World War II in the North American T-6 Texan. Flights range from 15 minutes to an hour. A visit to the nearby Kissimmee Air Museum is a wonderful way to round out the experience. (407-870-7366) 36. For fans of Harry Potter, there’s _____. A. Universal Orlando’s Islands of Adventure B. Gatorland C. Aquatica D. Warbird Adventures 37. According to the fourth paragraph, we know Ihu’s Breakaway Falls _____. A. needs a strong heart B. lies under the water C. ranges from 15 minutes to an hour D. is suitable for some after-park drinks 38. If you want to experience the fly like a hero in World War II, you can call ______. A. 407-363-8000 B. 407-855-5496 C. 407-351-3600 D. 407-870-7366 【答案】36. A 37. A 38. D 【解析】本文是一则广告，欢迎来到 Orlando。它有许多吸引人的地方和活动。 36. A 细节理解题。根据 Universal Orlando’s Islands of Adventure 中 The addition of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter was among the list of must-visits for theme park enthusiasts.可知答案为 A。 37. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中 if you enjoy a side of terror with your water-park fun, be sure to check out Ihu’s Breakaway Falls. This towering slide is an eight-story mind-bender of a plummet （垂直落下） that is not for the weak heart.可知 Ihu’s Breakaway Falls 需要一个强大的心脏。 故选 A。 38. D 细节理解题。根据 Warbird Adventures 中 Few attractions are more hands-on historic than Warbird Adventures, which offers thrill-seekers the opportunity to fly like the hero aces of World War II in the North American T-6 Texan. Flights range from 15 minutes to an hour. (407-870-7366) 可知如果你想体验二战中的飞行英雄，你可以拨打 407-870-7366，故选 D。 B A handsome middle-aged man walked quietly into the café and sat down. Before he ordered, he couldn’t help but noticed a group of younger men at the table next to him. It was obvious they were making fun of something about him and it wasn’t until he remembered he was wearing a small pink ribbon(丝带) on the lapel of his suit that he became aware of what the joke was all about. The man pretended not to notice it, but the whisper and laughter began to get to him. He looked one of the rude young men straight into the eye, placed his hand beneath the ribbon and asked, “This?” With that the young men all began to laugh out loud. The man he spoke to said, “Hey, sorry, man, but we were just commenting on how pretty your little pink ribbon looks against your blue jacket!” The middle-aged man calmly invited the joker to come over to his table, and politely seated him. As uncomfortable as he was, the young guy had to, not really sure why. In a soft voice, the middle-aged man said, “I wear this ribbon to bring awareness about breast cancer. I wear it in my mother’s honor.” “Oh, sorry. She died of breast cancer?” “No, she didn’t. She’s alive and well. But her breasts nourished me as a baby, and were a soft resting place for my head when I was scared or lonely as a little boy. I’m very grateful for my mother’s breasts, and her health.” “Umm,” the young replied, “yeah.” “And I wear this ribbon to honor my wife,” the man continued. “And she’s okay, too?” the young guy asked. “Oh, yes. She’s fine. Her breasts have been a great source of loving pleasure for both of us, and with them she nurtured and nourished our daughter 23 years ago. I’m grateful for my wife’s breasts, and her health.” “Uh, huh. And I guess you wear it to honor your daughter, also?” “No. It’s too late to honor my daughter by wearing it now ……” Shaken and ashamed, the young guy said, “Oh, I’m so sorry, mister.” “So, in my daughter’s memory, too, I proudly wear this little ribbon, which allows me the opportunity to enlighten others. And here…” With this, he reached in his pocket and handed the young man a little pink ribbon. The young guy looked at it, slowly raised his head and asked, “……?” 39. The young men joked about the middle-aged man’s _____. A. looks B. ribbon C. attitude D. clothes 40. What may have happened to the man’s daughter? A. She died of breast cancer. B. She was ill with cancer. C. She had gone abroad. D. She got married. 41. What will the young man probably ask? A. May I give it to my mother? B. Can you help me put it on? C. Will you please forgive me? D. Shall we have some drink together? 42. What is the best title for the passage? A. An Unusual Meeting. B. An Impressive Lesson. C. Be Grateful to Your Beloved. D. Little Pink Ribbon 【答案】39. B 40. A 41. B 42. D 略 C Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the bad distinction by setting up paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn’t surprised when this didn’t make the news here in the United States — we’re now the only wealthy country without such a policy. The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks’ unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as “government-run personnel management” and a “dangerous precedent (先例).” In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed. As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining （定义）the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. Parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is “no exit” when it comes to children. Society expects — and needs — parents to provide their children with continuity of care. And society expects — and needs — parents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed. While most parents do this out of love, there are public punishments for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but important to the future of society. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue (累积) to the whole of society as today’s children become tomorrow’s citizens. In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money, is equal to 20-30% of GDP. If these investments bring huge social benefits — as they clearly do — the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer. 43. What do we learn about paid family leave according to Paragraph 1? A. It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy. B. Setting up this policy made Australia less influential. C. It has now become a hot topic in the United States. D. No such policy is applied in the United States. 44. What makes it hard to take work-family balance measures in the States? A. The incompetence of the Democrats. B. The opposition from business circles. C. The lack of a precedent in American history. D. The existing Family and Medical Leave Act. 45. What is Professor Anne Alstott’s argument for parental support? A. Children need continuous care. B. Good parenting benefits society. C. The cost of raising children has been growing. D. The U. S. should keep up with other developed countries. 46. Why is the author against classifying parenting as a personal choice? A. Parenting is regarded as a moral duty. B. Parenting relies largely on social support. C. Parenting produces huge moral benefits. D. Parenting is basically a social undertaking. 【答案】43. D 44. B 45. B 46. D 【解析】通过本文我们了解到，只有两个在世界先进国家没有提供有薪请假照顾新生婴儿的 保证。事实上，一些估计投资在儿童的父母，时间和金钱（包括工资损失）的投资，价值相 当于国内生产总值的 20-30％。如果这些投资产生巨大的社会效益，因为他们清楚地做,以提 供更多的社会福利对家庭的支持,应该是更清晰。 43. D 细节理解题。由第一段尾句 I wasn’t surprised when this didn’t make the news here in the United States — we’re now the only wealthy country without such a policy.可知美国没有这项政策，故 选 D。 44. B 细节里解题。由第二段尾句，Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.可知民主党领导人已经努力 将这项政策引入法律，但是商业集团强烈反对。故选 B。 45. B 细节理解题。由第三段 parental support depends on defining（定义）the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. 可知良好的育儿有利于社会。故选 B。 46. D D The Loss of Innocence Innocence is such a precious gift. It’s explained as freedom from guilt or wrong doing. Just imagine never having to worry about anything and having a guilt free mind. Some people wish to save this kind of innocence from being lost from childhood to adulthood. What would the world be like if innocence were never lost? One way it would benefit humanity is the lack of hatred（仇恨）among the world. During youth, there may be an occasional argument, even a little physical fight, but nothing like firing a handgun at a fellow human being. And children are blind towards the racial differences of others. A kid will hang out with any other kid. It is the lack of innocence and the ignorance we learn from adults that influence children otherwise. Another benefit is the constant desire for fun and adventure. With very little if any time at all for fun，the adventurous mind is lost in time with the responsibilities placed upon adults. If innocence were kept alive, these ambitions would never depart from our lives. However, other people actually hate the idea of innocence lasting for ever. They feel that the lack of organization and mental power of those with innocence would cause extremely destructive consequences to society in general. A large number of individuals would never have the urge to learn, work, and act upon the necessary needs for humanity to survive. Without a proper education which is usually provided by those who no longer live in a world of innocence, people would not have the desire to succeed, get a good job in life, or provide income for their families, which would hurt the lives of children. The lack of a good education and career would also harm the economy. As long as innocence is kept alive, no one would be terribly angered at the lack of effort people put out in the workplace, resulting in a strong decline in production and quality of needed goods. Maybe it is wrong in wanting to save innocence. It sure is a nice thought, though. Perhaps innocence was meant to be lost. It was God’s will to make things the way they are, and there is a good purpose for everything. All that remains to be said about innocence is to enjoy it while it lasts. 47. author believes that the loss of innocence in adulthood should be _____. A. avoided B. ignored C. accepted D. encouraged 48. Lifelong innocence would be beneficial to society in that _____. A. proper education would be provided B. there would be no racial discrimination C. more happy families would be guaranteed D. people would realize their childhood dreams 49. According to the author, people with innocence can hurt the economy with their lack of _____. A. motivational will B. mental ability C. adventurous ambitions D. needed goods 50. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion A. B. C. D. 【答案】47. C 48. B 49. A 50. A 【解析】 47. 根据最后一段 Perhaps innocence was meant to be lost．可以得知作者对于成年后童真的 缺失是接受的，认为这是正常的过程。 48. 由第二段 One way it would benefit humanity is the lack of hatred （仇恨）among the world． And children are blind towards the racial differences of others．可知童真可以让世界远 离仇恨。孩子们对他人没有种族歧视，如果人一生都有童真的，人类就不会有种族歧视，故 选 B 49. 答案通过这句话可以得知，no one would be terribly angered at the lack of effort people put out in the workplace。 50. 由倒数第二段 The lack of a good education and career would also harm the economy．可知 没有好的教育和生涯，会对经济发展有害，人们没有上进心就会使社会失去发展动力。故选 A.这篇文章对 innocence 进行了辩论，列举了 innocence 如果一直存在带来的两方面的好处， 然后又论证了不利的方面，所以逻辑结构符合 A 选项。 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。 Speaking in public is most people’s least favorite thing. The reason is that we are all afraid of making fools of ourselves. ___51___ But stop biting your finger-nails. Public speaking is easy. It’s just plain talking, and you talk all the time. Although I’m basically shy (honest!), I’ve been making speeches and talking on radio and television for more than 30 years, and I can tell you that public speaking is not a “gift” like musical talent. ____52____ Here are some of the lessons I have learned: Your audience is going to come away with one or two of your main ideas. One or two. Not ten or 20. ____53____ And if you don’t have a clear idea of what you want to say, there’s no way your audience will. ____54____— how you are going to open, what major points you want to make and how you’re going to close. When I do a radio or TV piece, I often write the last sentence first. ____55____ A strong close is critical: the last thing you say is what your audience will most likely remember. The standard length of a vaudeville (杂耍) act is usually 12 minutes. If all those performers singing and dancing their hearts out couldn’t go on longer without boring the audience, what makes you think you can? A. Some people are born to be good at making speeches. B. Anybody who can talk can speak in public. C. Try to relax yourself before making the speech. D. The more important the speech is, the more frightened we become. E. If you can’t express in a sentence or two what you intend to get across, then your speech is not focused well enough. F. When you know where you’re headed, you can choose any route to get there. G. No matter how long or short your speech is, you’ve got to get your ducks in a row. 【答案】51. D 52. B 53. E 54. G 55. F 【解析】略 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分） 第一节（15 分） 56. 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。你校将要组织美国交换生参观中国美术馆（National Art Museum of China）。请你根据下面提供的信息，口头通知活动安排。 1、活动具体安排（集合时间、地点，交通方式等）； 2、活动内容； 3、活动意义。 注意：1．词数不少于 50； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Hi, everyone! May I have your attention, please?_________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 【答案】Hi, everyone! May I have your attention, please? We are arranging for all the American exchange students to visit the National Art Museum of China this Saturday. All participants are expected to gather at the school gate at 8:30 this Saturday morning. The school bus will pick you up and take you there. As one of the most popular museums in China, the NAMOC has collected and are displaying many famous paintings. We will first admire a serial of paintings on the theme of “Beautiful China” together, where you will be amazed by the natural scenery in many places of interest in China. Then you will enjoy the freedom to take a walk in the gallery and choose the sections that appeal to you the most. We sincerely invite everyone to join us and arrive at the appointed place on time. We believe this is a good chance for you to get close to Chinese works of art and get a general idea about the Chinese artists. Hope you will enjoy the visit. That’s all. Thank you! 【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇口头通知，根据下面提供的信息，口头通知活动安排：活动 具体安排（集合时间、地点，交通方式等）；活动内容；活动意义。根据所给提纲，列出要 点，并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要 点完整地表述出来。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用。同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词， 适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【亮点说明】 本文内容齐全，要点突出，结构合理，文中使用高级句子。We will first admire a serial of paintings on the theme of “Beautiful China” together, where you will be amazed by the natural scenery in many places of interest in China. where 引导非限制性定语从句；Then you will enjoy the freedom to take a walk in the gallery and choose the sections that appeal to you the most.that 引导定语从句；We believe this is a good chance for you to get close to Chinese works of art and get a general idea about the Chinese artists.省略 that 的宾语从句。 第二节 (20 分) 57. 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，为校刊 “英 语园地” 写一篇短文，记述你和同学们在寒冷冬日清晨为环卫工人送“爱心粥”（hot porridge） 的志愿活动。词数不少于 60。 （请务必将第二节答题内容写在答题纸指定区域内） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was extremely cold last Monday morning. While I was walking on my way to school, I noticed two street cleaners sweeping the street in the fierce wind. Seeing them working so hard on such a cold morning, I was moved and made up my mind to do something for them. After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates what we could do. Some suggested helping with the cleaning while others advised getting some hot porridge to keep them warm. Finally we all agreed on the latter. The next day, we got up early and prepared porridge at home. When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed our appreciation for their hard work, they looked a little surprised at first. And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily. Though it seemed cold still, we all felt warm at the moment. 【解析】试题分析：这是一篇看图写作，一共四幅图。做题时：1. 认真读图，可知四幅图 讲述的是接待美国交换生的事情，2. 初步构思，考虑用词、短语、句型和时态。3. 连词成 句，然后再连句成文。尽可能地充分利用所学的短语或句型来表述具体的内容。4. 反复审 核，修改错误。5. 注意所给的汉语提示。一般说来，看图写话中的汉语提示往往给定了有 关的时间、地点、人物等相关的信息，还有参考词汇都是有用信息。在把握了文章的中心后， 应在内心构思一个基本的框架，并考虑使用恰当的词语、短语和句型，以充分地表达文章的 内容。这是体现自身能力的重要一环。然后再将各图的单个句子串连起来。串连时，要注意 使用适当的连接词语或过渡性语句，不至于让读者觉得文章中出现跳跃现象，更使上下文更 为紧凑、自然。 【亮点说明】 本文是一篇看图作文，内容符合图画的含义，语句流畅，结构严谨，文中使用高级句子，尽 显经典风采。While I was walking on my way to school, I noticed two street cleaners sweeping the street in the fierce wind.while 引导时间状语从句；Seeing them working so hard on such a cold morning, I was moved and made up my mind to do something for them.现在分词做时间状 语；After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates what we could do.what 引导宾语从 句；Some suggested helping with the cleaning while others advised getting some hot porridge to keep them warm.while 在此句中表示“然而”，前后形成鲜明对比；When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed our appreciation for their hard work, they looked a little surprised at first.when 引导时间状语从句；Though it seemed cold still, we all felt warm at the moment.though 引导让步状语从句。