2020届高考英语外研版大一轮复习课后达标检测：必修3Module6

2020届高考英语外研版大一轮复习课后达标检测：必修3Module6

‎(建议用时：45分钟)‎ 阅读理解 ‎(2019·安徽示范高中高三上学期考试)Have you ever wondered when dogs first became “man’s best friend” and the world’s favourite pet? If you have, then you’re not alone. When and where dogs first began living side by side with humans are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists. There are a few hard facts that all agree on. These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(驯养) by humans. They came into human lives some 15，000 years ago, before the dawn of agriculture.‎ Beyond that, there is little agreement. The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs’ and not wolves’ date from 14，000 years ago. However, 30，000－year－old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves’ and some scientists think could be dogs’．‎ With such puzzling evidence, many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated. In one research project, tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world. The plan is to compare them with those of wolves. It’s even possible to analyse DNA from ancient bones. Tiny pieces of the 30，000－year－old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied, and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves, not American ones.‎ Indeed, the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than the DNA of living dogs. Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years, their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins. This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia, Mongolia, Siberia, Europe or Africa.‎ But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves, initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out. Today, this is a way of life still shared by three quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，狗是从狼驯养而来的，早在一万五千年之前狗就进入了我们的生活。科学家通过分析DNA去查证狗最初是在何时何地被驯养的。‎ ‎1．Which is the only statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs?‎ A．Dogs originally were used as farm animals.‎ B．Dogs evolved from wolves found in Europe.‎ C．Dogs helped the development of agriculture.‎ D．Dogs were the first animal to be kept as pets.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句，再结合倒数第二句可知，狗是第一种被人类驯养成宠物的动物，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．Why does the writer first mention the 30，000－year－old animals’ skulls?‎ A．To show that dogs were much larger in the past.‎ B．To prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves.‎ C．To suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier.‎ D．To argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，在法国和比利时已经发现了3万年前的头骨，它们不完全是狼的，科学家认为有一些可能是狗的。据此可推知，该处提及三万年前的头骨旨在说明狗的进化历史更早，故C项正确。‎ ‎3．How did scientists determine the origins of the ancient dogs found in Alaska?‎ A．By analyzing the age of their bones.‎ B．By examining the animals’ DNA.‎ C．By studying the shape of their skulls.‎ D．By comparing them with modern dogs.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段尾句中的“another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves, not American ones”可知，科学家是通过检测DNA的方法来判断阿拉斯加狗的起源的，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．Why did dogs start living with humans?‎ A．Because they were attracted by food.‎ B．Because they were trapped by humans.‎ C．Because they couldn’t survive in the wild.‎ D．Because they were trained to protect villages.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据尾段第二句可知，最近的一种说法是，狗是自己驯养自己的，最初生活在我们古老的村庄里或周围，吃人们扔掉的食物。据此可推知，狗和人生活在一起的原因是它们被食物所吸引，故A项正确。‎ 完形填空 ‎(2019·石家庄一模)Ever since an accident put him in a wheelchair, Dan has had one dream: 1 ．‎ That is why he was 2 to learn about a piece of research that could possibly lead to his 3 . But there are two 4 . First, the research may take years before it becomes a treatment. And the second is the most 5 of all considerations: money. 6 by love for Dan, friends worked hard through a series of 7 to raise 20，000 pounds for his future surgery. Dan felt he could really start looking toward the day when he could turn his 8 into a reality.‎ Then he 9 Brecon, a 5yearold who 10 from cerebral palsy(脑瘫). Dan read about a new surgical procedure that could allow the little boy to walk 11 . But the surgery would 12 more than 60，000 pounds—money Brecon’s parents were having a 13 time raising.‎ Dan said，“I’m in pretty much the 14 condition, but it appears that Brecon can 15 ‎ ‎ walk if he gets his surgery, and I can’t right now. So I thought I might as well pass the money on to him. I’m incredibly 16 to everyone who has helped me out, but this boy needs it 17 I do at the moment.”‎ And so he took his dream out of the bank and 18 it over to Brecon’s parents, telling them，“It would make me very happy to see the 19 made to Brecon’s life.”‎ ‎“I wanted to help someone whose life could get better，”he said.“If I can help someone to walk, I will. Even if it means 20 a dream to do it.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。Dan因一起事故不能行走了，只能依靠轮椅行动，他的梦想是有一天能站起来行走。在朋友的帮助下，他筹集到了手术的钱，但是适合他的治疗方法仍处于研究阶段。Dan得知五岁的脑瘫男孩Brecon在手术成功后就能独力行走，便将自己准备动手术的钱捐赠给了Brecon。‎ ‎1．A.lying　　　　　　　　　　B．walking C．jumping D．working B　解析：根据“Ever since an accident put him in a wheelchair”可知，因为一起事故，Dan离不开轮椅了；结合常识可以判断，Dan的梦想是能行走，B项意为“行走”，故B项正确。A项意为“躺下”；C项意为“跳跃”；D项意为“工作”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎2．A.angry B．embarrassed C．calm D．excited D　解析：根据该段最后一句可知，Dan开始盼望着梦想成真的一天；结合该句“That is why he was to learn about a piece of research that could possibly lead to his ．”可知，这就是为什么他得知一项能使他梦想成真的研究会感到兴奋。D项意为“兴奋的”，故D项正确。A项意为“愤怒的”，B项意为“尴尬的”，C项意为“平静的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎3．A.recovery B．achievement C．discovery D．commitment A　解析：根据第一段中的“Ever since an accident put him in a wheelchair”可知，因为一起事故，Dan离不开轮椅了；结合该句可知，这项研究很可能使他康复，所以他感到很兴奋。A项意为“康复”，故A项正确。B项意为“成就”，C项意为“发现”，D项意为“承诺”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎4．A.benefits B．hopes C．barriers D．experiments C　解析：根据空处后一句“First, the research may take years before it becomes a treatment.”可知，这项研究可能需要数年时间才能成为一种治疗方法；以及根据下文中的“And the second is the most of all considerations: money.”可知，‎ 第二点是他需要钱。结合该句“But there are two ．”可知，Dan面临两个障碍。C项意为“障碍”，故C项正确。A项意为“好处”；B项意为“希望”；D项意为“实验”。‎ ‎5．A.generous B．practical C．valuable D．suitable B　解析：根据该句“And the second is the most of all considerations: money.”并结合常识可知，最实际的考虑因素是钱。B项意为“实际的”，故B项正确。A项意为“宽宏大量的，大方的”，C项意为“有价值的”，D项意为“合适的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎6．A.Inspired B．Stressed C．Instructed D．Motivated D　解析：根据该句“ by love for Dan, friends worked hard through a series of to raise 20，000 pounds for his future surgery.”可知，出于对Dan的爱，朋友们通过一系列的活动去努力筹集两万英镑。motivated by意为“出于……”，故D项正确。A项意为“激励”，B项意为“强调”，C项意为“指导”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎7．A.activities B．courses C．observations D．competitions A　解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“活动”，故A项正确。B项意为“疗程，课程”，C项意为“观察，观察结果，观测，评论”，D项意为“比赛”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎8．A.research B．dream C．concern D．possibility B　解析：根据第一段中的“dream”并结合该句“Dan felt he could really start looking toward the day when he could turn his into a reality.”可知，Dan开始盼望着梦想成真的一天。B项意为“梦想”，故B项正确。A项意为“调查，研究”，C项意为“关心，忧虑”，D项意为“可能性”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎9．A.spoke of B．believed in C．thought of D．heard about D　解析：根据该句“Then he Brecon, a 5yearold who from cerebral palsy(脑瘫)．”可知，他听说了一个五岁的男孩Brecon患有脑瘫。D项意为“听说”，故D项正确。A项意为“提起”，B项意为“相信”，C项意为“想起”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎10．A.suffers B．learns C．differs D．survives A　解析：参见上题解析。suffer from为固定搭配，意为“(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难”，故A项正确。B项意为“学习”；C项意为“不同”；D项意为“仍然存在”。‎ ‎11．A.swiftly B．clumsily C．unaided D．untrained C　解析：根据第四段第一句中的“walk”并结合该句中的“Dan read about a new surgical procedure that could allow the little boy to walk ．”可知，Dan知道了一种新的外科手术，可以让小男孩独立行走。C项意为“独立的”，故C项正确。A项意为“很快地”，B项意为“笨拙地”，D项意为“未经训练的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎12．A.waste B．collect C．deposit D．require D　解析：根据该句中的“But the surgery would more than 60，000 pounds”可知，这项手术需要六万多英镑。D项意为“需要”，故D项正确。A项意为“浪费”，B项意为“收集”，C项意为“存储”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎13．A.free B．busy C．hard D．nice C　解析：根据上文可知，这项手术需要六万多英镑；结合该句中的“money Brecon’s parents were having a time raising”可知，Brecon的父母正度过一段艰难的时光来筹集这些钱；C项意为“艰难的”，故C项正确。A项意为“自由的”；B项意为“忙碌的”；D项意为“美好的”。‎ ‎14．A.usual B．same C．general D．different B　解析：根据上文可知，Dan遭遇事故不能行走，Brecon患有脑瘫不能行走；结合“I’m in pretty much the condition, but it appears that Brecon can walk if he gets his... now.”可知，Dan和Brecon的情况一样，他们都不能行走。B项意为“相同的”，故B项正确。A项意为“通常的”；C项意为“一般的”；D项意为“不一样的”。‎ ‎15．A.rarely B．confidently C．distinctly D．definitely D　解析：根据该句中的“but it appears that Brecon can walk if he gets his... now.”可知，虽然Dan和Brecon的情况一样，但是Brecon经过手术一定能独力行走。D项意为“明确地，一定地”，故D项正确。A项意为“少见地”，B项意为“自信地”，C项意为“明显地”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎16．A.friendly B．grateful C．shameful D．reliable B　解析：根据该句中的“to everyone who has helped me out”可知，Dan感激每个帮助他的人。B项意为“感谢的，感激的”，故B项正确。A项意为“友好的”，C项意为“可耻的”，D项意为“可靠的，可信赖的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎17．A.more than B．rather than C．less than D．other than A　解析：根据上文可知，Brecon在手术成功后就能独立行走，而Dan适用的治疗方法还处于研究阶段；结合该句“but this boy needs it I do at the moment”可知，这个男孩在此刻比Dan更需要这笔钱。A项表示“(程度上)更强，更多”，故A项符合语境。B项意为“而不是”，C项意为“更少，更小”，D项意为“除了，与……不同”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎18．A.cast B．spread C．handed D．distributed C　解析：根据该句中的“And so he took his dream out of the bank and it over to Brecon’s parents”可知，Dan将自己的梦想(指筹集到的手术费)从银行中取了出来，交给了Brecon的父母。hand over为固定搭配，意为“把……送交”，故C项正确。A项意为“投，抛”；B项意为“扩散”；D项意为“分发，散布”。‎ ‎19．A.difference B．efforts C．damage D．preparations A　解析：根据该句中的“It would make me very happy to see the made to Brecon’s life”可知，对Brecon的生活起到重要的作用会让Dan感到很高兴。make the difference to...意为“对……起作用”，故A项正确。B项意为“努力”；C项意为“伤害”；D项意为“准备工作”。‎ ‎20．A.realizing B．changing C．sacrificing D．recalling C　解析：根据上文可知，Dan为了让脑瘫的小男孩Brecon接受手术从而独力行走，将原本自己动手术的钱捐赠给了Brecon；结合该句“Even if it means a dream to do it.”可知，为了帮助别人过上更好的生活，Dan宁愿牺牲自己的梦想。C项意为“牺牲”，故C项正确。A项意为“实现”，B项意为“改变”，D项意为“回想，回忆起”，都与语境不符。‎ 书面表达 ‎(2019·合肥调研性检测)假定你是李华，从网上得知一所美国中学正在招募中国中学生志愿者。本次招募旨在通过网络帮助美国学生体验中国春节。请用英语写一封电子邮件提出申请，内容包括：‎ ‎1．愿意参加；‎ ‎2．自身优势；‎ ‎3．计划与期望。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ One possible version：‎ Dear Sir/Madam，‎ I am Li Hua, a senior high school student from China and happy to learn your school is recruiting volunteers to help your students experience the Chinese Spring Festival. I’m writing to see if I will be lucky enough to get involved in this activity.‎ I have learned English for over ten years, which enables me to speak good English. In addition, I love to celebrate the Spring Festival by making dumplings with my parents and pay New Year’s visits to my friends. Also, I am good at using computers.‎ Sharing stories, customs and food pictures of our Spring Festival with your students should be great fun and I can’t wait to answer any questions about Chinese traditional festivals.‎ Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua